97-414: CTW may refer to: Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Children's Television Workshop , an American educational non-profit (now Sesame Workshop ) Crypt The Warchild (born 1980), American rapper West TV (callsign: CTW-32), an Australian television station (2010–2020) Data science [ edit ] Computer Technology Workshop activity at
194-420: A cable network dedicated to arts and films, on December 1, 1980. Full control of the channel, however, was sold to Rainbow Media in 1984; NBC would acquire Bravo in 2003, and the channel is now currently owned by Comcast 's NBCUniversal . On August 1, 1981, MTV debuted. In 1983, concerned by the strategic and financial failure of its pay-TV venture The Movie Channel (started to reap the benefits Time Inc.
291-577: A five-point restructuring plan, in which the company would pour most of its resources behind six "flagship brands". These were MTV, Comedy Central, Nickelodeon, Nick Jr. Channel , BET , and Paramount Pictures. In February 2017, cable channels CMT and TV Land were moved from the Kids and Family Group to the Global Entertainment Group under Kevin Kay, joining up with Spike TV. During the same month, it
388-411: A genius". CTW's first children's show, Sesame Street , premiered on 10 November 1969. The CTW was not incorporated until 1970 because its creators wanted to see if the series was a success before they hired lawyers and accountants. Morrisett served as the first chairperson of CTW's board of trustees, a job he had for 28 years. During the second season of Sesame Street , to capitalize on the momentum
485-648: A large audience". In 1977, the Workshop broadcast an adult drama called Best of Families , which was set in New York City around the turn of the 20th century. However, it lasted for only six or seven episodes and helped the Workshop decide to emphasize children's programs only. Throughout the 1970s, the CTW's main non-television efforts changed from promotion to the development of educational materials for preschool settings. Early efforts included mobile viewing units that broadcast
582-479: A new channel allowed the CTW to more easily "ensure that our programming gets out there." While the Workshop would eventually produce various new shows for Noggin, the channel's early lineup consisted mostly of older shows from the CTW's library. In 2000, profits earned from the Noggin deal, along with the revenue caused partly by the "Tickle Me Elmo" craze, enabled the CTW to purchase The Jim Henson Company 's rights to
679-414: A new public corporation called MTV Networks . A year later, Warner would acquire the 50% stake from American Express. On August 27, 1985, Warner sold 31% of MTV Networks to Viacom, with Warner also selling 19% of its Showtime/The Movie Channel, Inc. joint to Viacom as well. In November 1985, Viacom announced that it had plans to buy the remaining 69% of MTV Networks from Warner for $ 326 million, and
776-433: A policy criticized by consumer advocate Ralph Nader . The Workshop defended the acceptance of corporate sponsorship, stating that it compensated for a decrease of government subsidies. Also in 1998, the CTW invested $ 25 million in an educational cable channel called Noggin . Noggin was a joint venture between the CTW and Viacom 's MTV Networks , and it launched on February 2, 1999. Gary Knell explained that creating
873-567: A series run in the United States on November 10, 1969, and moved to NET's successor, the Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ), in late 1970. The Workshop was formally incorporated in 1970. Gerald S. Lesser and Edward L. Palmer were hired to perform research for the series; they were responsible for developing a system of planning, production, and evaluation, and the interaction between television producers and educators, later termed
970-685: Is an American entertainment company that oversees Paramount's children's entertainment assets, including its namesake cable network . Through its Networks division, Paramount also owns internet properties, such as MTV News and AwesomenessTV . Paramount ran a virtual world system, Virtual MTV, in the late 2000s. The company has owned various other internet properties including virtual pets website Neopets ; Flash game websites AddictingGames.com and Shockwave.com ; online content production company Atom Entertainment ; along with RateMyProfessors.com , GameTrailers , and iFilm , all of which have been shut down or sold off during 2000s and 2010s. During
1067-472: Is considered too controversial for educational TV". This was a reference to the May 1970 decision by the state's PBS station to not air the series. By summer 1970, Dann had made the first international agreements for what the CTW came to term "co-productions". The earliest international versions were what CTW vice-president Charlotte Cole and her colleagues termed "fairly simple", consisting of dubbed versions of
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#17328555639541164-560: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Children%27s Television Workshop Sesame Workshop ( SW ), originally known as the Children's Television Workshop ( CTW ), is an American nonprofit organization that has been responsible for the production of several educational children's programs—including its first and best-known, Sesame Street —that have been televised internationally. Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett developed
1261-661: The Joint Statistical Meetings Context tree weighting , a lossless compression and prediction algorithm Other uses [ edit ] Carat (mass) total weight, related to diamond jewellery CentralWorld , a shopping mall complex in Thailand Change to Win Federation, the former name of the Strategic Organizing Center , a group of United States labor unions Topics referred to by
1358-753: The MTV Entertainment Group , Showtime Networks , and the Nickelodeon Group . Paramount's international assets are overseen by Paramount International Networks . Warner Cable Communications was founded on December 1, 1977, by Warner Cable , itself a division of Warner Communications , to launch QUBE , an interactive cable television network. Seeing the potential in the creation of new cable networks, Warner Cable divested QUBE's biggest brands, Star Channel, Pinwheel and Sight on Sound, into nationwide outlets. Star Channel began by satellite in January 1979 and
1455-605: The Muppet characters : he was reluctant to market them at first, but agreed when the CTW promised that the profits from toys, books, and other products were to be used exclusively to fund the CTW. The producers demanded complete control of all products and product decisions throughout its history; any product line associated with the series had to be educational, inexpensive, and not advertised during broadcastings of Sesame Street . As Davis reported, "Cooney stressed restraint, prudence, and caution" in their marketing and licensing efforts. In
1552-891: The Sesame Street Muppets from the German media company EM.TV , which had acquired Henson earlier that year. The transaction, valued at $ 180 million, also included a small interest Henson had in the Noggin cable channel. Gary Knell stated, "Everyone, most especially the puppeteers, were thrilled that we were able to bring them home. It protected Sesame Street and allowed our international expansion to continue. Owning these characters has allowed us to maximize their potential. We are now in control of our own destiny". The CTW changed its name to Sesame Workshop in June 2000, to better represent its non-television activities and interactive media. Also in 2000, Gary Knell succeeded Britt as president and CEO of
1649-586: The Sesame Street segment " Elmo's World ". The CTW has chosen to take advantage of the contingent feedback inherent in interactive computer games by developing and creating educational software based upon the television series' content and curriculum. In 2008, the Sesame Workshop began to offer clips and full-length episodes on the websites Hulu , YouTube , and iTunes , where "Word on the Street" segments became
1746-522: The Urban League , whom Michael Davis called "remarkable, unsinkable, and indispensable", as the Workshop's first Vice President of Community Relations and manager of the Workshop's Community Educational Services (CES) division. Bob Hatch was hired to publicize their new series, both before its premiere and to take advantage of the media attention concerning Sesame Street during its first year of production. According to Davis, despite her involvement with
1843-411: The "CTW model". The CTW applied this system to its other television series, including The Electric Company and 3-2-1 Contact . The early 1980s were a challenging period for the Workshop; difficulty finding audiences for their other productions and a series of bad investments harmed the organization until licensing agreements stabilized its revenues by 1985. Following the success of Sesame Street ,
1940-520: The CTW developed other activities, including unsuccessful ventures into adult programs, the publications of books and music, and international co-productions. In 1999 the CTW partnered with MTV Networks to create an educational channel called Noggin . The Workshop produced a variety of original series for Noggin, including The Upside Down Show , Sponk! and Out There . In June 2000, the CTW changed its name to Sesame Workshop to better represent its activities beyond television. By 2005, income from
2037-498: The CTW since 1975 and had served as its president and chief operating officer since 1988. At that time, Cooney became chairman of the Workshop's executive board, which managed its businesses and licensing, and became more involved with the organization's creative efforts. The Workshop had a reorganization in 1995, and dismissed about 12 percent of its staff. In 1998, for the first time in the series' history, they accepted funds from corporations for Sesame Street and its other programs,
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#17328555639542134-514: The CTW's advisory board was unusual because instead of rubber-stamping the Workshop's decisions like most boards for other children's television shows, it contributed significantly to the series' design and implementation. Lesser reported in Children and Television: Lessons from Sesame Street , his 1974 book about the beginnings of Sesame Street and the Children's Television Workshop, that about 8–10% of
2231-409: The CTW's international co-productions of the series was $ 96 million. By 2008, the Sesame Street Muppets accounted for between $ 15 million and $ 17 million per year in licensing and merchandising fees, divided between the Workshop and Henson Associates . The Workshop began pursuing funding from corporate sponsors in 1998; consumer advocate Ralph Nader urged parents to protest the move by boycotting
2328-532: The CTW. He quit to become more involved with writing and composing music for the series, and was replaced eventually by Bill Whaley. Ann Kearns, vice president of licensing for the CTW in 2000, stated that Whaley was responsible for expanding the licensing to other products, and for creating a licensing model used by other children's series. As of 2019, the Workshop had published over 6,500 book titles. and as researcher Renee Cherow-O'Leary stated in 2001, "the print materials produced by CTW have been an enduring part of
2425-419: The Sesame Workshop founded The Joan Ganz Cooney Center , an independent, non-profit organization that studies how to improve children's literacy by using and developing digital technologies "grounded in detailed educational curriculum", just as was done during the development of Sesame Street . The 2008–2009 recession, which resulted in budget reductions for many nonprofit arts organizations, severely affected
2522-463: The Workshop expanded its programs by creating a series of PBS specials and DVDs largely concerning how military deployment affects the families of soldiers. Other efforts by the Workshop concerned families of prisoners, health and wellness, and safety. According to Cooney and O'Dell, the 1980s were a problematic period for the Workshop. A series of poor investments in video games, motion picture production, theme parks, and other business ventures hurt
2619-403: The Workshop explored sources such as licensing arrangements, publishing, and international sales, and became, as Cooney envisioned, a "multiple media institution". Licensing became the foundation of, as writer Louise Gikow stated, the Sesame Workshop endowment, which had the potential to fund the organization and future productions and projects. Muppet creator Jim Henson owned the trademarks to
2716-460: The Workshop was enjoying and the attention it received from the press, the Workshop created its second series, The Electric Company , in 1971. Morrisett used the same fund-acquisition techniques as he had used for Sesame Street . The Electric Company stopped production in 1977, but continued in reruns until 1985; it eventually became one of the most widely used TV shows in American classrooms and
2813-452: The Workshop's initial budget was spent on research. CTW's summative research was done by the Workshop's first research director, Edward L. Palmer , whom they met at the curriculum seminars Lesser conducted in Boston in the summer of 1967. In the summer of 1968, Palmer began to create educational goals, define the Workshop's research activities, and hire his research team. Lesser and Palmer were
2910-562: The Workshop's research department. In 1972, the Markle Foundation donated $ 72,000 to Harvard to form the Center for Research in Children's Television, which served as a research agency for the CTW. Harvard produced about 20 major research studies about Sesame Street and its effect on young children. Lesser also served as the first chairman of the Workshop's advisory board, a position he held until his retirement in 1997. According to Lesser,
3007-677: The Workshop; according to Davis, he "presided over an especially fertile period in the nonprofit's history". Under Knell's management, Sesame Workshop produced a variety of original shows for Noggin. The first was an interactive game show called Sponk! , which was meant to model good collaboration and teamwork skills. Sesame Workshop also co-produced a Sesame Street spin-off, Play with Me Sesame , for Noggin. In April 2002, Noggin premiered an overnight block for teenagers called The N . Sesame Workshop created its first-ever teen drama series, Out There , for The N. In August 2002, Sesame Workshop sold its 50% share of Noggin to Viacom. The buyout
CTW - Misplaced Pages Continue
3104-456: The acquisition was completed on May 20, 1986. In 1988, the company partnered with fellow Viacom subsidiary Viacom Enterprises to handle advertising sales of Superboy , a syndicated television series. The division was later evolved into One World Entertainment in the early 1990s, who partnered to launch a VH1 syndicated series. In 2003, MTV Networks assumed full ownership of Comedy Central from AOL Time Warner. On December 31, 2005,
3201-414: The channel was rebranded as MTV Live . Channel was originally a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV, and launched on January 1, 1985, in the former space of Turner's short-lived Cable Music Channel . Channel slot was originally VH1 Uno , until MTV Networks on Campus replaced VH1 Uno with a televised simulcast of MTVU . The college campus feed of MTVU no longer exists but
3298-522: The chief executive of National Public Radio (NPR). H. Melvin Ming , who had been the organization's chief financial officer since 1999 and chief operating officer since 2002, was named as his replacement. In 2014, H. Melvin Ming retired and was succeeded by former HIT Entertainment and Nickelodeon executive Jeffery D. Dunn. Dunn's appointment was the first time someone not affiliated with CTW or Sesame Workshop became its manager, although he had associations with
3395-483: The collaboration as an "arranged marriage". The CTW devoted 8% of its initial budget to outreach and publicity. In what television historian Robert W. Morrow called "an extensive campaign" that Lesser stated "would demand at least as much ingenuity as production and research", the Workshop promoted the show with educators, the broadcast industry, and the show's target audience, which consisted of inner-city children and their families. They hired Evelyn Payne Davis from
3492-413: The costs of producing content for its YouTube channels and other outlets. The organization employed about 400 people, including "several highly skilled puppeteers". Royalties and distribution fees, which accounted for $ 52.9 million in 2018, made up the Workshop's biggest revenue source. Donations brought in $ 47.8 million, or 31 percent of its income. Licensing revenue from games, toys, and clothing earned
3589-402: The creation of a company that managed its production, which eventually became known as the Children's Television Workshop (CTW). For the next two years, Cooney and Morrisett researched and developed the new show, acquiring $ 8 million funding for Sesame Street , and establishing the CTW. Due to her professional experience, Cooney always assumed the show's natural network would be PBS. Morrisett
3686-458: The early 1970s, the CTW negotiated with Random House to establish and manage a non-broadcast materials division. Random House and the CTW named Christopher Cerf to assist the CTW in publishing books and other materials that emphasized the series' curriculum. By 2019, the Sesame Workshop had over 500 licensing agreements, and its total revenue in 2018 was $ 35 million. A million children play with Sesame Street -themed toys per day. Soon after
3783-488: The economic problems experienced by commercial networks, but caused difficulty for procuring future funding. Cooney's proposal included using in-house formative research that would inform and improve production, and independent summative evaluations to test the show's effect on its young viewers' learning. In 1967, Morrisett recruited Harvard University professor Gerald S. Lesser , whom he had met while they were both psychology students at Yale , to help develop and lead
3880-502: The federal government and two elite philanthropies, institutions whose wealth exceeded the gross national product of entire countries". At first, Cooney did not fight for the position. However she had the help of her husband and Morrisett, and the project's investors soon realized they could not begin without her. She was eventually named to the post in February 1968. As one of the first female executives in American television, her appointment
3977-522: The free streaming service Pluto TV , Viacom would launch several channels on the service branded after its Media Networks and company–owned IP . In August 2019, Viacom announced that it would merge with CBS Corporation , reuniting the two entities under the ViacomCBS name. The merger closed on December 4, 2019. Announced on November 11, 2019, as part of the re–merger, the Media Networks division
CTW - Misplaced Pages Continue
4074-400: The government's attacks on PBS. Eventually, the CTW got its own line item in the federal budget. By 2019, the U.S. government donated about four percent of the Workshop's budget, or less than $ 5 million a year. For the first time, a public broadcasting series had the potential to earn a great deal of money. Immediately after its premiere, Sesame Street gained attention from marketers, so
4171-516: The history of humanitarian response to help refugee children and families". In 1970, the CTW established a department managing the development of "nonbroadcast" materials based upon Sesame Street . The Workshop decided that all materials its licensing program created would "underscore and amplify" the series' curriculum. Coloring books, for example, were prohibited because the Workshop felt they would restrict children's imaginations. The CTW published Sesame Street Magazine in 1970, which incorporated
4268-406: The idea to form an organization to produce the Sesame Street television series. They spent two years, from 1966 to 1968, researching, developing, and raising money for the new series. Cooney was named as the Workshop's first executive director, which was termed "one of the most important television developments of the decade." Sesame Street premiered on National Educational Television (NET) as
4365-505: The legacy of Sesame Street". In one of these books, for example, the death of the Sesame Street character Mr. Hooper was featured in a book entitled I'll Miss You, Mr. Hooper , published soon after the series featured it in 1983. In 2019, Parade Magazine reported that 20 million copies of The Monster at the End of the Book and Another Monster at the End of this Book had been sold, making them
4462-421: The most popular webcast. Sesame Workshop won a Peabody Award in 2009 for its website, sesamestreet.org. In 2010, the Workshop began offering, for a subscription fee, a library of over 100 eBooks . The on-line publishing platform was managed by the electronic publishing company Impelsys . MTV Networks Paramount Media Networks is an American mass media division of Paramount Global that oversees
4559-536: The new series. She assembled a team of producers: Jon Stone was responsible for writing, casting, and format; David Connell assumed control of animation and volume production; and Samuel Gibbon served as the show's chief liaison between the production staff and the research team. Stone, Connell, and Gibbon had worked on another children's show, Captain Kangaroo , together. Cooney later said about Sesame Street ' s original team of producers, "collectively, we were
4656-535: The only scientists in the U.S. studying the interaction of children and television at the time. They were responsible for developing a system of planning, production, and evaluation, and the interaction between television producers and educators, later called the "CTW model". Cooney observed of the CTW model: "From the beginning, we—the planners of the project—designed the show as an experimental research project with educational advisers, researchers, and television producers collaborating as equal partners". She described
4753-447: The operations of its television channels and online brands. The division was originally founded as MTV Networks in 1984, named after the MTV cable network. It would be known under this name until 2011; when it would be thereafter known as Viacom Media Networks until 2019; and ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks until 2022. The division's television assets are managed through three units:
4850-464: The organization $ 4.5 million. After Sesame Street ' s initial success, the CTW began to think about its survival beyond the development and first season of the show, since its funding sources were composed of organizations and institutions that tended to start projects, not sustain them. Although the organization was what Cooney termed "the darling of the federal government for a brief period of two or three years", its first ten years of existence
4947-599: The organization financially. Cooney brought in Bill Whaley during the late 1970s to work on their licensing agreements, but he was unable to compensate for the CTW's losses until 1986, when licensing revenues stabilized and its portfolio investments increased. Despite financial troubles, the Workshop continued to produce new shows throughout the decade. 3-2-1 Contact premiered in 1980 and ran for seven seasons. The CTW found that finding funding for this series and other science-oriented series like Square One Television , which
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#17328555639545044-667: The organization previously. In 2021, Dunn retired and was replaced by Sherrie Rollins Westin , who had served as president of SW's Social Impact and Philanthropy Division for six years. In 2019, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Sesame Workshop's operating income was approximately $ 1.6 million, after the majority of its funds earned from grants, licensing deals, and royalties went back into its content, its total operating costs were over $ 100 million per year. Operating costs included salaries, $ 6 million in rent for its Lincoln Center corporate offices, its production facilities in Queens, and
5141-522: The organization's international co-productions of the series was $ 96 million. By 2008, the Sesame Street Muppets accounted for $ 15–17 million per year in licensing and merchandising fees. Sherrie Westin is the president of the company, starting in 2021. During the late 1960s, 97% of all American households owned a television set, and preschool children watched an average of 27 hours of television per week. Early childhood educational research at
5238-503: The organization; in 2009, it had to dismiss 20% of its staff. Despite earning about $ 100 million from licensing revenue, royalties, and foundation and government funding in 2012, the Workshop's total revenue was down 15% and its operating loss doubled to $ 24.3 million. In 2013, it responded by dismissing 10% of its staff, saying that it was necessary to "strategically focus" their resources because of "today's rapidly changing digital environment". In 2011, Knell left Sesame Workshop to become
5335-532: The park's features was a computer gallery, which was developed by a small in-house team and included 55 computer programs. The team evolved into the Children's Computer Workshop (CCW) in 1982, which was disbanded and became the Interactive Technologies division of the CTW in the late 1980s. As Sesame Street researcher Shalom M. Fisch stated, no television series could be as interactive as computer games, even "participatory" shows like Blue's Clues or
5432-419: The party, which according to writer Michael Davis was the start of a five-decade long professional relationship between Cooney and Morrisett, turned to the possibilities of using television to educate young children. A week later, Cooney and Freedman met with Morrisett at the office of Carnegie Corporation to discuss doing a feasibility study for creating an educational television program for preschoolers. Cooney
5529-713: The premiere of Sesame Street , producers, educators, and officials of other nations began requesting that a version of the series be broadcast in their countries. CBS executive Michael Dann was required to quit his job at that network due to a change of corporate policy preceding the so-called " rural purge "; upon his ouster, he became vice-president of the CTW and Cooney's assistant. Dann then began developing foreign versions of Sesame Street by arranging what were eventually termed co-productions , or independent programs with their own sets, characters, and curriculum goals. By 2009, Sesame Street had expanded into 140 countries; The New York Times reported in 2005 that income from
5626-411: The project's initial research and development, Cooney's installment as CTW's executive director was questionable due to her lack of executive experience, untested financial management skills, and lack of experience with children's television and education. Davis also speculated that sexism was involved, stating, "Doubters also questioned whether a woman could gain the full confidence of a quorum of men from
5723-514: The public feed is still on a limited amount of MSOs. MTV Entertainment Group serves as the holdings company for Paramount's mature-oriented, general entertainment brands; such as its namesake flagship MTV , Comedy Central , and Paramount Network . Showtime Networks oversees Paramount's premium cable television channels , including the namesake Showtime service. Nickelodeon Group (also known as "Nickelodeon Networks Inc."; and as its family distribution name "Paramount Kids and Family Group")
5820-479: The remnants of MTV Networks and Showtime Networks were separated following Viacom's split into two entities: CBS Corporation , which retained CBS , UPN , Simon & Schuster and Showtime Networks ( Showtime , The Movie Channel, and Flix ), and a spun-off company under the Viacom name, which took ownership of Paramount Pictures , BET Networks and MTV Networks (Comedy Central, MTV, Nickelodeon, and VH1). MTV Networks
5917-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CTW . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CTW&oldid=1181497604 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
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#17328555639546014-471: The series with local language voice-overs and instructional cutaways. Dubbed versions of the series continued to be produced if the country's needs and resources warranted it. Eventually, a variant of the CTW model was used to create and produce independently produced preschool television series in other countries. By 2006, there were twenty co-productions. In 2001, there were more than 120 million viewers of all international versions of Sesame Street , and by
6111-630: The show in the inner cities, in Appalachia , in Native American communities, and in migrant worker camps. In the early 1980s, the CTW created the Preschool Education Program (PEP), whose goal was to assist preschools, by combining television viewing, books, hands-on activities, and other media, in using the series as an educational resource. The Workshop also provided materials to non-English speaking children and adults. Starting in 2006,
6208-753: The show". Scriptwriters often wrote their own lyrics to accompany their scripts. Songwriters of note were Joe Raposo , Jeff Moss , Christopher Cerf , Tony Geiss , and Norman Stiles . Many of the songs written for Sesame Street have become what writer David Borgenicht termed "timeless classics". These songs included " Can You Tell Me How to Get to Sesame Street? ", " I Love Trash ", " Rubber Duckie ", " Bein' Green ", and " Sing ". Many Sesame Street songs were recorded by well-known artists such as Barbra Streisand , Lena Horne , Dizzy Gillespie , Paul Simon , and Jose Feliciano . By 2019, there were 180 albums of Sesame Street music produced. The show's first album, Sesame Street Book & Record , recorded in 1970,
6305-432: The show's 50th anniversary in 2019, 190 million children viewed over 160 versions of Sesame Street in 70 languages. In 2005, Doreen Carvajal of The New York Times reported that income from the co-productions and international licensing accounted for $ 96 million. As Cole and her colleagues reported in 2000, "Children's Television Workshop (CTW) can be regarded as the single largest informal educator of young children in
6402-609: The show's creative development, and for hiring the production and research staff for the CTW. The Carnegie Corporation provided their initial $ 1 million grant, and Morrisett, using his contacts, procured additional multimillion-dollar grants from the U.S. federal government, the Arthur Vining Davis Foundations , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , and the Ford Foundation . Morrisett's friend Harold Howe, who
6499-492: The show's curriculum goals in a magazine format. As with the series, research was performed for the magazine, initially by CTW's research department for a year and a half, and then by the Magazine Research Group in 1975. Working with Random House editor Jason Epstein, the CTW hired Christopher Cerf to manage Sesame Street ' s book publishing program. During the division's first year, Cerf earned $ 900,000 for
6596-399: The show's songs were like television advertisements. To attract the best composers and lyricists, and to encourage them to compose more music for the series, the CTW allowed songwriters to retain the rights to the songs they wrote. For the first time in children's television, the writers earned lucrative profits, which as Davis reported, "helped the show sustain the level of public interest in
6693-528: The show. In 2018, the Workshop made a deal with Apple to develop original content, including live-action, puppet, and animated series, for Apple's streaming service. In 2019, Parade Magazine reported that the organization had received two $ 100 million grants from the MacArthur Foundation and from the LEGO Foundation ; the funds were used to undertake "the largest early childhood intervention in
6790-693: The time had shown that when children were prepared to succeed in school, they earned better grades and learned more effectively. Children from low-income families, however, had fewer resources than children from higher-income families to prepare them for school. Research had shown that children from low-income, minority backgrounds tested "substantially lower" than middle-class children in school-related skills, and that they continued to have educational deficits throughout school. The topic of developmental psychology had grown during this period, and scientists were beginning to understand that changes of early childhood education could increase children's cognitive growth. In
6887-425: The top two best-selling e-books sold. Its YouTube channel had almost 5 million subscribers. According to director Jon Stone, the music of Sesame Street was unlike any other children's program on television. For the first time, the show's songs fulfilled a specific purpose and was related to its curriculum. Cooney observed in her initial report that children had an "affinity for commercial jingles", so many of
6984-532: The winter of 1966, Joan Ganz Cooney hosted what she called "a little dinner party" at her apartment near Gramercy Park . Attending were her husband Tim Cooney, her boss Lewis Freedman, and Lloyd and Mary Morrisett, whom the Cooneys knew socially. Cooney was a producer of documentary films at New York public television station WNDT (now WNET ), and won an Emmy for a documentary about poverty in America. Lloyd Morrisett
7081-569: The world". Ten years after the premiere of Sesame Street , the CTW began experimenting with new technologies. In 1979, it began to plan the development of a theme park, Sesame Place, which opened in 1980 in Langhorne, Pennsylvania . Three international parks, Parque Plaza Sesamo in Monterrey, Mexico since 1995, Universal Studios Japan , and Vila Sesamo Kids' Land in Brazil were later built. One of
7178-411: Was revived in 2009 . Starting in the early 1970s, the Workshop ventured into adult programming, but found that it was difficult to make their programs accessible to all socio-economic groups. In 1971, it produced a medical program for adults termed Feelin' Good , hosted by Dick Cavett , which was broadcast until 1974. According to writer Cary O'Dell, the show "lacked a clear direction and never found
7275-490: Was a major success and won a Grammy Award. Parade Magazine reported in 2019 that the show's music had been honored with 11 children's Grammys . According to Gikow, Raposo won three Emmys and four Grammys for his work for the series. Soon after Sesame Street debuted in the US, the CTW was asked independently by producers from several countries to produce versions of the series in their countries. Cooney remarked, "To be frank, I
7372-426: Was a vice-president at Carnegie Corporation , and was responsible for funding educational research, but had been frustrated in his efforts because they were unable to reach the large numbers of children in need of early education and intervention. Cooney was committed to using television to change society, and Morrisett was interested in using television to "reach greater numbers of needy kids". The conversation during
7469-523: Was also instrumental in the creation of the cable channel Sprout in 2005. Sprout (launched as PBS Kids Sprout) was founded as a partnership between the Workshop, Comcast , PBS , and HIT Entertainment , all of whom contributed older programming from their archive libraries to the new network. After seven years as a partner, the Workshop divested its stake in Sprout to NBCUniversal in December 2012. In 2007,
7566-411: Was amenable to broadcast it by commercial stations, but all three major networks rejected the idea. Davis, considering Sesame Street ' s licensing income years later, termed their decision "a billion-dollar blunder". Morrisett was responsible for fund acquisition, and was so successful at it that writer Lee D. Mitgang later said that it "defied conventional media wisdom". Cooney was responsible for
7663-697: Was announced that Spike would be relaunched as Paramount Network in 2018, aligning with the namesake film studio and being positioned as Viacom's main general entertainment outlet. In October 2018, Kevin Kay was announced to be leaving his position as head of the Entertainment Group. CMT was transferred from the Entertainment Group to the Music Group under president Chris McCarthy, with his exit. Executive Kent Alterman would take charge of Paramount Network and TV Land to go with his current leadership of Comedy Central and Bellator MMA . In 2019, after acquiring
7760-504: Was broadcast from 1987 to 1992, was easy because the National Science Foundation and other foundations were interested in funding science education. Cooney stepped down as chairman and chief executive officer of the CTW in 1990, when she was replaced by David Britt, who was her "chief lieutenant in the executive ranks through the mid-1990s" and whom Cooney termed her "right-hand for many years". Britt had worked for her at
7857-523: Was chosen to perform the study. In the summer of 1967, Cooney took a leave of absence from WNDT, and funded by Carnegie Corporation, traveled the U.S. and Canada interviewing experts in child development, education, and television. She reported her findings in a fifty-five-page document entitled "The Potential Uses of Television in Preschool Education". The report described what the new series, which became Sesame Street , would be like and proposed
7954-432: Was formerly Showtime Beyond from 1999 and was discontinued on July 15, 2020. Channel was originally known as VH1 Smooth before being relaunched as VH1 Classic Rock on August 1, 1999. The channel was renamed VH1 Classic in 2000 and was later rebranded as MTV Classic on August 1, 2016. Channel was originally known as Music: High Definition (MHD) before being rebranded as Palladia on September 1, 2008. On February 1, 2016,
8051-435: Was having with HBO and Cinemax ), WASEC established a joint venture with Viacom , merging TMC with their premium movie network Showtime to form Showtime/The Movie Channel, Inc. ; WASEC, however, had no operational involvement in the joint venture. On June 25, 1984, Warner Communications made the decision to divest Nickelodeon, MTV, and VH-1 (launched in 1985 over the channel space of Turner 's Cable Music Channel ) into
8148-454: Was marked by conflicts between the two; in 1978, the US Department of Education refused to deliver a $ 2 million check until the last day of the CTW's fiscal year. According to Davis, the federal government was opposed to funding public television, but the Workshop used Cooney's prestige and fame, and the fact that there would be "great public outcry" if the series was de-funded, to withstand
8245-598: Was officially launched as Nickelodeon . Channel space was previously held by Noggin (a joint venture with Sesame Workshop ) before being replaced with the Nick Jr. Channel in 2009. Channel was originally known as MTV Hits before being rebranded as NickMusic on September 9, 2016. Channel was originally known as Nicktoons TV until 2003 when it was rebranded as Nicktoons which was rebranded again as Nicktoons Network in 2005 and finally rebranded yet again as Nicktoons (styled as "nicktoons") once more in 2009. Channel space
8342-666: Was originally co-owned by CBS Corporation through Showtime Networks and the Smithsonian Institution until November 7, 2019, when the Institution sold its equity interest to Showtime. Channel was originally a block on Nick at Nite . Previously owned by CBS Corporation, and before 2019, half of the share was owned by Lionsgate . Formerly known as TVGN, TV Guide Network, and TV Guide Channel. Established by Viacom's Showtime Networks in 1992 and later became part of CBS Corporation following Viacom's split in 2006. Channel
8439-576: Was originally known as VH1 MegaHits before being discontinued in July 2005 to facilitate Logo launch. Channel was previously owned by Gaylord Entertainment Company , acquired in 1997 by the CBS Cable division of CBS Corporation , and became part of MTV Networks when CBS merged with Viacom . Channel created as VH1 Country before Viacom/CBS merger. Channel was originally launched under Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment and tested as Pinwheel until 1979, then
8536-431: Was originally launched under Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment and tested as Sight on Sound until 1981, when it officially launched as MTV . Channel started as Ha! , merged with HBO 's The Comedy Channel the following year, became entirely owned by Viacom in 2003. Originally TNN from 1983 to 2003 (as The Nashville Network until 1997; as The National Network until 2003) and as Spike until January 2018. Channel
8633-399: Was partially caused by SW's need to pay off debt. Sesame Workshop remained involved with the network's programming, as Viacom entered a multi-year production deal with Sesame Workshop shortly after the split and continued to broadcast the company's shows. The last collaboration between Noggin and Sesame Workshop was The Upside Down Show , which premiered in 2006. Outside of Noggin, Knell
8730-486: Was previously held by Nickelodeon Games and Sports for Kids from 1999 to 2007, and a 24-hour version of Noggin's The N brand from 2007 to 2009. Channel originally owned by the first incarnation of Viacom , and earlier with former partner Warner-Amex, and later became part of CBS Corporation following Viacom's split in 2006. Showtime was established in 1976, and The Movie Channel was established in 1973 as Star Channel and relaunched under its current name in 1979. Channel
8827-773: Was really surprised, because we thought we were creating the quintessential American show. We thought the Muppets were quintessentially American, and it turns out they're the most international characters ever created". She hired former CBS executive Mike Dann, who quit commercial television to become her assistant, as a CTW vice-president. One of Dann's tasks was to manage offers to produce versions of Sesame Street in other countries. In response to Dann's appointment, television critic Marvin Kitman said, "After [Dann] sells [ Sesame Street ] in Russia and Czechoslovakia, he might try Mississippi, where it
8924-499: Was renamed The Movie Channel by the end of the year. The original Channel C-3, by then known as Pinwheel, became Nickelodeon in April 1979. As a result of these actions, Warner Cable Communications would then be rebranded as Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment , becoming a joint venture between Warner Cable and American Express . In 1980, Warner-Amex formed a joint venture with Cablevision 's Rainbow Media division to launch Bravo ,
9021-415: Was renamed Viacom Media Networks in 2011. In the fall of 2012, media analysts began to report that ratings among some of Viacom's leading brands in the U.S. were experiencing declines in viewership. MTV, Comedy Central and Nickelodeon were of most concern to investors as the three account for roughly 50% of Viacom's operating profit, estimated David Bank of RBC Capital Markets. In 2017, Viacom announced
9118-415: Was renamed ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks , and reorganized. MTV, VH1, CMT and Logo were reorganized into the "Entertainment & Youth Group", with the addition of Comedy Central, Paramount Network, Smithsonian Channel , and TV Land. BET Networks was merged with Showtime Networks under CEO David Nevins , who also temporarily gained oversight of Pop TV (formerly co-owned with Lionsgate ); Pop TV
9215-536: Was termed "one of the most important television developments of the decade". The formation of the Children Television Workshop was announced at a press conference at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City on 20 May 1968. After her appointment, Cooney hired Bob Davidson as her assistant; he was responsible for making agreements with approximately 180 public television stations to broadcast
9312-459: Was the commissioner for the U.S. Department of Education , promised $ 4 million, half of the new organization's budget. The Carnegie Corporation donated an additional $ 1 million. Mitgang stated, "Had Morrisett been any less effective in lining up financial support, Cooney's report likely would have become just another long-forgotten foundation idea". Funds gained from a combination of government agencies and private foundations protected them from
9409-526: Was transferred to the Entertainment & Youth Group on January 15, 2020. On February 16, 2022, ViacomCBS was renamed as Paramount Global, and ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks was renamed Paramount Media Networks . On May 9, 2023, Paramount announced that it would restructure its U.S. domestic network business. In 2022, MTV Entertainment Group partnered with Second Chance Studios to help formerly incarcerated individuals launch media careers. Channel
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