66-653: The Burnley Building Society , incorporated in Burnley in 1850, was, by 1911, not only "by far the largest in the County of Lancashire ... but the sixth in magnitude in the kingdom". Their motto was By Service We Progress. The Burnley Building Society was founded as a permanent Building Society named the Burnley Benefit Building Society. The town had previously had "terminating societies" which were wound up once they had reached their goals. The earliest of these being
132-565: A BBC radio transmitter, and a number of microwave communication towers. This site was the first place in the UK chosen for an unmanned weather radar, beginning operation in 1979; it is one of 18 that cover the British Isles. Also since 2007 the three turbines of the Hameldon Hill wind farm have stood on its northern flank. To the east of the town lie the 1,677 feet (511 m) Boulsworth Hill and
198-501: A P-38 Lightning from the 14th Fighter Group USAAF crashed near Cliviger , and Black Hameldon Hill claimed a Halifax from No. 51 Squadron RAF in January 1943, and also a B-24 Liberator from the 491st Bombardment Group USAAF in February 1945. Lucas Industries set up shadow factories , producing a wide range of electrical parts for the war effort. Notably they were involved with
264-786: A Roman presence, but no evidence of a settlement has been found in the town. Gorple Road (running east from Worsthorne ) appears to follow the route of a Roman road that may have crossed the present-day centre of town, on the way to the fort at Ribchester . It has been claimed that the nearby earthworks of Ring Stones Camp ( 53°47′35″N 2°10′26″W / 53.793°N 2.174°W / 53.793; -2.174 ), Twist Castle ( 53°48′00″N 2°10′16″W / 53.800°N 2.171°W / 53.800; -2.171 ) and Beadle Hill ( 53°48′11″N 2°10′08″W / 53.803°N 2.169°W / 53.803; -2.169 ) are of Roman origin, but little supporting archaeological information has been published. Following
330-501: A charter granted the church of Burnley to the monks of Pontefract Abbey . In its early days, Burnley was a small farming community, gaining a corn mill in 1290, a market in 1294, and a fulling mill in 1296. At this point, it was within the manor of Ightenhill , one of five that made up the Honor of Clitheroe , then a far more significant settlement, and consisted of no more than 50 families. Little survives of early Burnley apart from
396-538: A pottery by 1760, it is thought to be the first of this type of furnace built in Lancashire. The approximately 400 metres (1,312 ft) long, 15-arch sandstone railway viaduct at Burnley was built in 1847–48 for the East Lancashire Railway . In its passage east of Padiham the river was diverted in the 19th century away from Gawthorpe Hall because of pollution, being restored to the original route in
462-605: A Boots store and 2 Hanover Street W1. A branch was located on Bradshaw Gate, Bolton , Lancashire. “Build the world you want . . . with The Burnley” was used as a newspaper advert tagline in 1972. In the late 1970s the Burnley Building Society produced a promotional 7-inch single titled "The Best Things Begin With B" recorded at Good Earth Studios . It was performed by George Chandler and lyrics were written by Salman Rushdie . Blackpool Transport's illuminated rocket which
528-625: A possible meaning of the rapid river. There is some uncertainty that the name has always been applied to the current route in the Burnley area, as at the confluence with Pendle Water it is the Calder that is the smaller watercourse. And in Yates' 1786 map of Lancashire it is the lower section of Pendle Water that is labelled as the Calder. However both William Harrison's Description of England , first published in 1577, and Camden's Britannia both appear to support
594-468: A reputation as a regional centre of excellence for the manufacturing and aerospace industries. The town began to develop in the early medieval period as a number of farming hamlets surrounded by manor houses and royal forests , and has held a market for more than 700 years. During the Industrial Revolution it became one of Lancashire's most prominent mill towns ; at its peak, it was one of
660-479: A series of violent disturbances arising from racial tensions between some of its White and Asian residents. Burnley was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1861, a Parliamentary Borough returning one member in 1867 and became, under the Local Government Act 1888 , a county borough outside the administrative county of Lancashire. Under the Local Government Act 1972 Burnley's county borough status
726-599: Is considered to be a suburb of the town, it is actually part of the neighbouring borough of Pendle . To the north west of the town, and home of the Pendle Witches , is the imposing Pendle Hill , which rises to 1,827 feet (557 m), beyond which lie Clitheroe and the Ribble Valley . To the south west, Hameldon Hill rises to 1,342 feet (409 m), on top of which are the Met Office north west England weather radar ,
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#1732851015166792-541: Is met by Green Brook . It is joined by Castle Clough Brook as it passes the old Padiham Power Station before collecting Dean Brook and then Shorten Brook as it flows past St James' Church at Altham . Crossed here by the A678 Burnley Road, the river turns northwest and the meanders become more pronounced as it is met by Simonstone Brook, Syke Side Brook and then Hyndburn Brook at Hyndburn Wastewater Treatment Works near Great Harwood . Continuing its winding route it
858-511: Is represented on the council in six divisions : Burnley Central East, Burnley Central West, Burnley North East, Burnley Rural, Burnley South West, and Padiham & Burnley West. The constituency of Burnley elects a single member of Parliament (MP). In the 2024 election Burnley elected Labour MP Oliver Ryan . Previously, in the general election in 2019 , the town elected Antony Higginbotham , its first Conservative Party MP in over 100 years. The constituency had been represented by MPs of
924-557: Is still in-situ above the entrance to a former branch, currently Cafe Nero at 16 Davy Gate in York , Yorkshire . The coat of arms shares several similarities with the former Burnley County Borough coat of arms; namely the red chevron representing the rivers Calder & Brun along with Bees and cotton plants representing the town's cotton industry. An edition of The Times newspaper from Friday November 7, 1969 shows an advert stating that London offices were located at 129 Kingsway WC2 presently
990-465: Is then crossed by the old railway viaduct at Martholme , and shortly afterward it is joined by Sabden Brook , just before flowing under the A680 Accrington Road at Cock Bridge. Turning to the north and the back to the west as it is met by Rodger Hey and Egg Syke Brooks and another Dean Brook, it approaches Whalley . Here it runs over the corn mill weir and under Whalley Bridge before it passes
1056-726: The Burnley side of the park it passes Unity College and Fulledge Recreation Ground , and under the Hand Bridge which carries the A671 Todmorden Road. It flows on the northern side of the town's Burnley Wood district and through a culvert in the Burnley Embankment on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and on through the town centre. It is again culverted, first as it is crossed by Centenary Way and then again at Parker Lane, before running under Chaddesley House and Manchester Road next to
1122-518: The Burnley Coalfield : the drift mines and shallow bell-pits of earlier centuries were replaced by deeper shafts, meeting industrial as well as domestic demand in Nelson, Colne and Padiham, and by 1800 there were over a dozen pits in the modern-day centre of the town alone. The arrival of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in 1796 made possible transportation of goods in bulk, bringing a huge boost to
1188-700: The Labour Party since 1935 , apart from 2010 – 2015, when it was represented by Gordon Birtwistle , a Liberal Democrat . Richard Shaw was the town's first MP in 1868 . Arguably its most notable MP was former leader of the Labour Party and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Arthur Henderson . The town lies in a natural three-forked valley at the confluence of the River Brun and the River Calder , surrounded by open fields, with wild moorland at higher altitudes. To
1254-511: The Market Cross , erected in 1295, which now stands in the grounds of the old grammar school. Over the next three centuries, Burnley grew in size to about 1,200 inhabitants by 1550, still centred around the church, St Peter's , in what is now known as "Top o' th' Town". Prosperous residents built larger houses, including Gawthorpe Hall in Padiham and Towneley Hall . In 1532, St Peter's Church
1320-635: The Rover Company 's failed attempts (and Rolls-Royce 's later successful ones) to produce Frank Whittle 's pioneering jet engine design, the W.2 ( Rolls-Royce Welland ) in Barnoldswick . Magnesium Elektron 's factory in Lowerhouse became the largest magnesium production facility in Britain. An unexpected benefit of the conflict for the residents of Burnley occurred in 1940. The Old Vic Theatre Company and
1386-546: The Sadler's Wells Opera and Ballet Companies moved from London to the town's Victoria Theatre. For their actions during the war, two Distinguished Service Orders and eight Distinguished Conduct Medals , along with a large number of lesser awards, were awarded to servicemen from the town. Burnley's main war memorial stands in Place de Vitry sur Seine next to the central library. The Queen , together with Prince Philip , first visited
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#17328510151661452-483: The moors around the town, as have numerous tumuli , stone circles , and some hill forts (see: Castercliff , which dates from around 600 BC). Modern-day Back Lane, Stump Hall Lane and Noggarth Road broadly follow the route of a classic ridgeway running east–west to the north of the town, suggesting that the area was populated during pre-history and probably controlled by the Brigantes . Limited coin finds indicate
1518-438: The spinning machines . The first turnpike road through the area now known as Burnley was begun in 1754, linking the town to Blackburn and Colne eventually leading to the area of Brun Lea developing into a town, and by the mid 19th century, there were daily stagecoach journeys to Blackburn , Skipton and Manchester , the latter taking just over two hours. The 18th century also saw the rapid development of coal mining on
1584-669: The 1840s, who formed a community in one of the poorest districts. At one time, the Park District (modern-day town centre, around Parker St.) was known as Irish Park. In 1848, the East Lancashire Railway Company 's extension from Accrington linked the town to the nation's nascent railway network for the first time. This was another significant boost to the local economy and, by 1851, the town's population had reached almost 21,000. The Burnley Building Society , incorporated in Burnley in 1850, was, by 1911, not only 'by far
1650-470: The 1960s. A weir built in the 1950s to allow Padiham Power Station to take water from the river was removed in 2010 along with other improvements to aid the passage of fish upstream. The core of the bridge at Whalley is possibly contemporary with the abbey, although it must have been extended and was certainly widened several times over the centuries, most recently in 1914. The old Roman road between Ribchester and Elslack (part of Margary 72a), crossed
1716-497: The Calder further downstream, close to the river mouth. During 2014, an Archimedean screw type hydropower station was constructed on the old weir at Whalley and included preservation work on the weir and the installation of a fish pass. Built for Whalley Community Hydro, the site became operational at the end of the year and is expected to generate an average 345,000 kWh of electricity annually. Heavy rainfall across Northern England over Christmas 2015 saw record water levels in
1782-674: The Cliviger Gorge supplying two fish ponds near Pot Oven Farm, before collecting Green Clough as it passes the Holme and Black Clough near St John's Church at Holme Chapel. As the Valley widens, the Calder is met by Easden Clough near Southward Bottom and continues to Walk Mill. At the Cliviger Bridge it passes under A646 Burnley Road and it collects Dick Clough near Barcroft Hall before entering Towneley Park and being joined by Everage Clough. On
1848-542: The First World War heralded the beginning of the collapse of the English textiles industry and the start of a steady decline in the town's population. The Bank Parade drill hall was completed in the early 20th century. There is a total of 191 listed buildings in Burnley – one Grade I (Towneley Hall), two Grade II* (St Peter's Church and Burnley Mechanics) and 188 Grade II. Over 4000 men from Burnley were killed in
1914-609: The First World War, about 15 per cent of the male working-age population. 250 volunteers, known as the Burnley Pals, made up Z Company of 11th Battalion, the East Lancashire Regiment , a battalion that as a whole became known by the far more famous name of the Accrington Pals . Victoria Crosses were awarded to two soldiers from the town, Hugh Colvin and Thomas Whitham , along with a third to resident (and only son of
1980-629: The Hall Union Club prior to 1800 and Burnley Benefit Society in 1815. In 1968 it merged with the Borough Land and Building Society, another Burnley Society which, in 1911, was described as "by far the largest Building Society registered under the Industrial and Friendly Societies Acts". In 1952 it had assets exceeding £32 million rising above £195 million by 1969 and it had surpassed £1,000 million by 1982. Burnley Building Society (which also included
2046-601: The Provincial Building Society after the transfer of engagements of the Burnley Building Society earlier that year. On 4 August 1996 Abbey National took over the National and Provincial Building Society and shortly afterwards began to make arrangements for the disposal of the records of that Society and its predecessors which were stored at its offices in Parker Lane, Burnley. The former headquarters were located on
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2112-576: The Roman period, the area became part of the kingdom of Rheged , and then the kingdom of Northumbria . Local place-names Padiham and Habergham show the influence of the Angles , suggesting that some had settled in the area by the early 7th century; sometime later the land became part of the hundred of Blackburnshire . There is no definitive record of a settlement until after the Norman conquest of England . In 1122,
2178-535: The Stoops and Hargher Clough council estates in the south west of the town. The millennium brought some improvement projects, notably the "Forest of Burnley" scheme, which planted approximately a million trees throughout the town and its outskirts, and the creation of the Lowerhouse Lodges local nature reserve . In June 2001, during the 2001 England riots , the town again received national attention following
2244-636: The Town Hall and Mechanics Theatre . It is then crossed by Hammerton Street before flowing under the old Empire Music Hall and Cow Lane as it meanders to the west and is crossed by St. James's Street, then joined by the River Brun just before the Active Way bridge. Turning to the north and under the East Lancashire railway line viaduct and through the site of Burnley College and under the M65 motorway as it leaves
2310-629: The UK. For the first time in more than 50 years, a direct train service now operates between the town's Manchester Road railway station and Manchester's Victoria station and onward to Wigan Wallgate via the restored Todmorden Curve , which opened in May 2015. The name Burnley is believed to have been derived from Brun Lea, meaning "meadow by the River Brun". Various other spellings have been used: Bronley (1241), Brunley (1251) and commonly Brumleye (1294) Stone Age flint tools and weapons have been found on
2376-575: The Whitehaven and Westmorland Building Societies) and Provincial Building Society merged in 1984 to become National & Provincial Building Society . Lord Charles Geoffrey Nicholas Kay-Shuttleworth, 5th Baron Shuttleworth KG , KCVO had been appointed as a director of Burnley Building Society in 1979 and subsequently became chairman of the newly formed National & Provincial and later deputy chairman of Abbey National. The National and Provincial had existed since 1982 following its change of name from
2442-468: The area's economy and the town of Burnley was born. Dozens of new mills were constructed, along with many foundries and ironworks that supplied the cotton mills and coal mines with machinery and cast and wrought iron for construction. The town became renowned for its mill-engines, and the Burnley Loom was recognised as one of the best in the world. A permanent military presence was established in
2508-568: The borough has one further, bottom tier of government, the parish or town council . Burnley Borough Council is currently governed by a multi-party coalition. The role of mayor is a ceremonial post which rotates annually and for 2020-21 is Wajid Khan ( Labour Party ). The borough comprises 15 wards , 12 of which – Bank Hall, Briercliffe , Brunshaw, Coal Clough with Deerplay, Daneshouse with Stoneyholme, Gannow, Lanehead, Queensgate, Rosegrove with Lowerhouse, Rosehill with Burnley Wood, Trinity, and Whittlefield with Ightenhill – fall within
2574-560: The chief constable) Alfred Victor Smith . In 1926 a memorial to the fallen was erected in Towneley Park , funded by Caleb Thornber, former mayor and alderman of the borough to ensure the sacrifice of the men lost was commemorated. The local school of art created pages of vellum with the names of the fallen inscribed. These were framed in a rotating carousel in Towneley Hall for visitors to see. There were 2000 names inscribed – less than half
2640-528: The corner of Parker Lane and Grimshaw Street, Burnley in a Grade II listed office block, built 1927–1930 to the designs of architects Briggs and Thornley . The former premises on Colne Road in Duke Bar, Burnley are now used by the St John Ambulance. The name of the building society can still be seen embossed above the windows on Extwistle Street. An example of a sculpted Burnley Building Society coat of arms
2706-402: The country. In 1871, the population was 44,320, and had grown to 87,016 by 1891. Burnley Town Hall , designed by Holton and Fox of Dewsbury , was built between 1885 and 1888. The Burnley Electric Lighting Order was granted in 1890, giving Burnley Corporation (which already controlled the supply of water and the making and sale of gas) a monopoly in the generation and sale of electricity in
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2772-459: The largest in the County of Lancashire... but the sixth in magnitude in the kingdom'. The Cotton Famine of 1861–1865, caused by the American Civil War , was again disastrous for the town. However, the resumption of trade led to a quick recovery and, by 1866, the town was the largest producer of cotton cloth in the world. By the 1880s, the town was manufacturing more looms than anywhere in
2838-505: The loss of 571 jobs. The area of the mine has been restored as a park. In 1980 Burnley was connected to the motorway network, through the construction of the first and second sections of the M65 . Although the route, next to the railway and over the former Clifton colliery site, was chosen to minimise the clearance of occupied land, Yatefield, Olive Mount and Whittlefield Mills, Burnley Barracks, and several hundred more terrace houses had to be demolished. Unusually this route passed close to
2904-403: The market was moved to the bottom of what is today Manchester Road, at the end of the 19th century. In the second half of the 18th century, the manufacture of cotton began to replace wool . Burnley's earliest known factories – dating from the mid-century – stood on the banks of the River Calder , close to where it is joined by the River Brun , and relied on water power to drive
2970-580: The moors of the South Pennines , and to the south, the Forest of Rossendale . On the hills above the Cliviger area to the south east of the town stands Coal Clough wind farm , whose white turbines are visible from most of the town. Built in 1992 amidst local controversy, it was one of the first wind farm projects in the UK. Nearby, the landmark RIBA Award-winning Panopticon Singing Ringing Tree , overlooking
3036-512: The number of actual casualties. The Burnley Justices had delegated their authority to determine which pictures could be shown in local cinemas to a panel of three justices. In a judicial review in 1916 this was found to be an unlawful delegation of their authority. During the Second World War, Burnley largely escaped the Blitz , with the only Luftwaffe bomb to known to have fallen within
3102-527: The rapidly expanding town, an example of which, originally installed at Harle Syke Mill, is on display in the Science Museum in London. Around 1840, a traveller described the town as ugly, stating that: "parts of it were so situated that good architectural effects might have been obtained had the disposition and the resources co-existed". The Great Famine of Ireland led to an influx of Irish families during
3168-520: The route as it is named today. The fishponds at Cliviger are possibly over 200 years old, dating from Thomas Dunham Whitaker 's time and were restored in 1990 by a private angling club. In the 1840s, a third pond was located upstream of the surviving two. At the Pot Oven Farm site, there are also the remains of a blast furnace constructed around 1700 for the Spencer partnership. Although it had become
3234-567: The ruins of Whalley Abbey , and is then crossed by the red brick Whalley Viaduct . After flowing under the A59 bypass, it collects Bushburn Brook and then meets the Ribble near Brockhall Village . The name Calder is relatively common and thought to originate from the ancient British language , the first part may be the ancestor of the Welsh word caled (hard), with the second being *dubron (water), giving
3300-527: The southern edge of town, causing only minor damage. On the night of 12 October the control shelter at the Starfish site near Crown Point suffered a direct hit, killing Aircraftman L R Harwood, and severely injuring four other men. Although the blackout was enforced, most of the aircraft in the sky above the town would have been friendly and on training missions, or returning to the factories for maintenance. Aircraft crashes did occur, however: In September 1942
3366-440: The textile industry. Other industries at that time included: brass and iron foundries, rope works, calico printing works, tanneries, paper mills, collieries and corn mills and granaries. By 1910, there were approximately 99,000 power looms in the town, and it reached its peak population of over 100,000 in 1911. By 1920, the Burnley and District Weavers', Winders' and Beamers' Association had more than 20,000 members. However,
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#17328510151663432-490: The town as well as Nelson and the Mullard valve factory at Simonstone near Padiham in 1955. There were widespread celebrations in the town in the summer of 1960, when Burnley FC won the old first division to become Football League champions. The Queen paid a second official visit to the town in summer 1961, marking the 100th anniversary of Burnley's borough status. The rest of the decade saw large-scale redevelopment in
3498-411: The town centre and had a partitioning effect on the districts of Gannow, Ightenhill , Whittlefield, Rose Grove and Lowerhouse to the north. The 1980s and 1990s saw massive expansion of Ightenhill and Whittlefield. Developers such as Bovis , Barratt and Wainhomes built large housing estates , predominantly on greenfield land . In summer 1992, the town came to national attention following rioting on
3564-619: The town from the hills at Crown Point, was installed in 2006. River Calder, Lancashire The River Calder is a major tributary of the River Ribble in Lancashire , England, and is around 20 miles (32 km) in length. Starting in Cliviger , its source is very close to that of the West Yorkshire river with the same name , and that of the River Irwell . It flows northwest through
3630-490: The town itself. The remaining three – Cliviger with Worsthorne, Gawthorpe, and Hapton with Park, cover the neighbouring town of Padiham and a number of villages. Lancashire County Council is currently controlled by the Conservative Party and has been since 2017. They have had only one other term in power between 2009 – 2013, the rest of the time from 1981, the council has been under Labour control. The borough
3696-586: The town landing near the conservatory at Thompson Park on 27 October 1940. In early 1941 a network of five Starfish site bombing decoys were established in the rural areas near Burnley, designed to protect Accrington . A site was located near Crown Point in Habergham Eaves with two on Hameldon Hill , and others in Worsthorne-with-Hurstwood and near Haslingden . On 6 May 1941, a stick of eight bombs straddled houses around Rossendale Avenue on
3762-465: The town with the completion of Burnley Barracks in 1820. Disaster struck Burnley in 1824, when its only local bank, Holgate's Bank, collapsed, forcing the closure of some of the largest mills. This was followed by a summer drought, which caused serious problems for many of the other mills, leading to high levels of unemployment and possibly contributing to the national Panic of 1825 . By 1830, there were 32 steam engines in cotton mills throughout
3828-408: The town. It collects Barden Clough near Royle and is shortly after joined by Pendle Water at Burnley Wastewater Treatment Works (also known as Duck Pits) on the edge of Reedley Hallows parish. It is met by Spurn Clough and Moor Isles Clough as it turns sharply to the south west past Ightenhill and collects Whitaker Clough near Gawthorpe Hall and continues through the town of Padiham where it
3894-678: The town. Many buildings were demolished including the market hall, the cattle market, the Odeon cinema and thousands of mainly terraced houses. New construction projects included the Charter Walk shopping centre, Centenary Way and its flyover , the Keirby Hotel, a new central bus station, a large scale housing development known as Trafalgar Gardens, and a number of office blocks. The town's largest coal mine, Bank Hall Colliery , closed in April 1971 resulting in
3960-432: The town. The building of the coal-powered Electricity Works , in Grimshaw Street, began in 1891, close to the canal (the site of the modern-day Tesco supermarket) and the first supply was achieved on 22 August 1893, initially generating electricity for street lighting. The start of the 20th century saw Burnley's textile industry at the height of its prosperity. By 1901 there were 700,000 spindles and 62,000 looms at work in
4026-523: The west of Burnley lie the towns of Padiham , Accrington and Blackburn , with Nelson and Colne to the north. The centre of the town stands at approximately 387 feet (118 m) above sea level and 30 miles (48 km) east of the Irish Sea coast. Areas in the town include: Burnley Wood , Rose Hill , Healey Wood, Harle Syke , Haggate , Daneshouse, Stoneyholme , Burnley Lane, Heasandford, Brunshaw, Pike Hill, Gannow, Ightenhill , Whittlefield, Rose Grove, Habergham, and Lowerhouse. Although Reedley
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#17328510151664092-400: The wider Borough of Burnley in Lancashire , England, with a 2021 population of 78,266. It is 21 miles (34 km) north of Manchester and 20 miles (32 km) east of Preston , at the confluence of the River Calder and River Brun . The town is located near the countryside to the south and east, with the towns of Padiham and Brierfield to the west and north respectively. It has
4158-402: The world's largest producers of cotton cloth and a major centre of engineering. Burnley has retained a strong manufacturing sector, and has strong economic links with the cities of Manchester and Leeds , as well as neighbouring towns along the M65 corridor. In 2013, in recognition of its success, it received an Enterprising Britain award from the UK Government as the Most Enterprising Area in
4224-402: Was abolished, and it was incorporated with neighbouring areas into the non-metropolitan district of Burnley . Burnley has three tiers of government: Local government responsibilities are shared by Burnley Borough Council and Lancashire County Council ; at a national level the town gives its name to a seat in the United Kingdom parliament . While the town itself is unparished, the rest of
4290-443: Was largely rebuilt. Burnley's grammar school was founded in 1559, and moved into its own schoolhouse next to the church in 1602. Burnley began to develop in this period into a small market town , with a population of not more than 2,000 by 1790. It is known that weaving was established in the town by the middle of the 18th century, and in 1817 a new Market House was built. The town continued to be centred on St Peter's Church, until
4356-401: Was launched in 1961 was sponsored by the Burnley Building Society around the late 1970s to early 1980s. The tram was emblazoned with an illuminated Burnley Building Society logo on the front and the side and carried a giant rocket that said "Go Up In The World With The Burnley." Attribution: Burnley Burnley ( / ˈ b ɜːr n l i / ) is a town and the administrative centre of
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