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18-768: Originally known as the Pole River, the lower Birkenhead's valley is part of the Long Portage of the Douglas Road , also known as the Pemberton Portage. The height of land on this route has been variously called Pemberton Pass (officially), Birken Pass, Gates Pass, and (in gold rush times) Mosquito Pass. The river is a major salmon resource for the Lil'wat subgroup of the St'at'imc people, whose reserve community Mount Currie which spans

36-528: A mountain, mountain range, or peak in British Columbia , Canada is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a location in the Cariboo Regional District , Canada is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lillooet River The Lillooet River is a major river of the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia . It begins at Silt Lake, on

54-538: Is a large stone with a foot-shaped impression on it - still there to this day and witnessed by Alexander Caulfield Anderson on his journey through the area in 1846 - where it is said one of the transformers stamped his foot in the rock to make a boundary between the people of the Canyon and those of the Lillooet River valley, who had converged on the spot bearing salmon (from the canyon) and spatsum (weaving reed-grass, from

72-511: Is the lowest point on the divide between the Lillooet and Fraser River drainages, located at Birken, British Columbia , Canada , in the principal valley connecting and between Pemberton and Lillooet . The pass is a steep-sided but flat-bottomed valley (or " thalweg ") adjacent to Mount Birkenhead and forming a divide between Poole Creek, a tributary of the Birkenhead River , which joins

90-605: The Lillooet River ). Its location is unmarked and as it is on private land it is not available for viewing. Birkenhead Lake feeds the Birkenhead River from its south end and connects with a side-valley on its north end. This side valley pass back to the Gates Valley via Blackwater Creek (in historical records sometimes called the Blackwater River). Birkenhead Lake is protected by a small provincial park, although none of

108-837: The Ryan River , the Green River , and the Birkenhead River . Below Harrison Lake , the stream is renamed as the Harrison River , which enters the Fraser near the First Nations community of Chehalis . The lower Lillooet River and Lillooet Lake were part of a short-lived main route between the Coast and the Interior in the days of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush . See the Douglas Road . Until

126-610: The 1910s, the name Lillooet River also applied to what is now the Alouette River in Maple Ridge ; the neighbourhood that grew up on its south branch became known as South Lillooet, but to avoid confusion the new postmaster was requested to come up with a name, choosing Yennadon after his family manor on the Devonshire Moors. The river name was changed formally on March 31, 1915 with "Alouette" chosen because of its resemblance to

144-572: The Birkenhead will be directly a tributary of the Lillooet River , instead of emptying as it does now into Lillooet Lake independently, a few hundred yards northeast of the mouth of the Lillooet River (originally this also would have been the case with the Green River , which is nearer Pemberton , a few miles west and upstream. The story of HMS Birkenhead is famous in British Naval history for

162-676: The Lillooet at Lillooet Lake , and the Gates River which flows northeast from Gates Lake (also known as Birken Lake), at the summit of the pass (also known historically as Summit Lake or Gates Lake), which flows to the Fraser via Anderson and Seton Lakes and the Seton River . This pass was historically important in the founding of British Columbia during the Fraser River Gold Rush when it

180-721: The east via the Fraser Canyon , and its road grade remains essentially the same today as the route of the unnumbered route from Mount Currie , on BC Highway 99 to D'Arcy / Nequatque , at the head of Anderson Lake . Also using the valley is the route of the railway, originally constructed as the Pacific Great Eastern but today part of the Canadian National Railway conglomerate. 50°28′11″N 122°38′37″W  /  50.46972°N 122.64361°W  / 50.46972; -122.64361 This article related to

198-629: The fact that women and children aboard were saved when she sank in February 1852 because they boarded the few lifeboats first. While the boats rowed away, the soldiers stood in their ranks on deck. The commanding officer, who perished, was Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Seton who was related to HBC officer A.C. Anderson who named the lake and river after Seton. 50°19′N 122°36′W  /  50.317°N 122.600°W  / 50.317; -122.600 Long Portage Pemberton Pass , 505 m (1,657 ft), also formerly known as Mosquito Pass ,

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216-580: The flat bottomlands of the river form the Pemberton Valley farming region. Below the 30 km (18.6 mi) length of Lillooet Lake , it resumes again just north of the native community and ghost town of Skookumchuck Hot Springs , which is known in the St'at'imcets language as Skatin . The lower stretch of the Lillooet River, from Lillooet Lake to Harrison Lake , is approximately 55 km (c. 34 mi) in length. Its main tributaries are Meager Creek ,

234-591: The lowland between the very lowest reaches of the Lillooet and Birkenhead Rivers. At Owl Creek, a few miles up the Birkenhead, there was one of the major missions of the Oblate missionary organization, to which Lil'wat people from up and down the Pemberton Valley ( Lillooet River valley above Lillooet Lake ) moved, ultimately to become the Mount Currie community. Owl Creek is now a large non-native subdivision on

252-404: The peaks overlooking the lake are protected. Above that the Birkenhead's upper valley is framed by the range which overlooks the Pemberton Valley on the west, and by the mountains of upper Noel Creek south of Bralorne . Due to siltation much of the land in the eastern part of the reserve, which lies between the two rivers, is new-made since the period of the gold rush and in time it is likely

270-526: The sound of "Lillooet". The Lillooet River was dammed with breccia from a Plinian style eruption of the Mount Meager massif 2,400 years ago. The breccia damming the Lillooet River was not very strong, and the water soon eroded the breccia that was damming the river, forming Keyhole Falls . There was a massive flood when the water first broke through the breccia. The flood was big enough that small house sized blocks of breccia were carried away during

288-518: The southern edge of the Lillooet Crown Icecap about 80 kilometres northwest of Pemberton and about 85 kilometres northwest of Whistler . Its upper valley is about 95 kilometres in length, entering Lillooet Lake about 15 km downstream from Pemberton on the eastern outskirts of the Mount Currie reserve of the Lil'wat branch of the St'at'imc people. From Pemberton Meadows , about 40 km upstream from Pemberton, to Lillooet Lake,

306-523: The west side of the local highway from Mount Currie to N'quatqua (D'Arcy). Just under 25 km up from its mouth, the main Gates Valley branches east off the north-aligned Birkenhead River's valley via Poole Creek, which drains the westward side of the Pemberton Pass; Birken Lake at its summit is part of the Gates River system which drains towards Anderson Lake and Lillooet . In this area there

324-624: Was a key link in what was known as the Lakes Route or Douglas Road . In that context it was also known as the Pemberton Portage or Long Portage ( Seton Portage , at the lower end of Anderson Lake, was the Short Portage). The wagon road constructed in those times continued in use locally despite the route's general abandonment and isolation after the building of the Cariboo Road farther to

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