121-522: Bhima Kunda (tank) is located beyond the western compound wall of the Bhimesvara Temple precinct, in Kapila Prasad, Old Town, Bhubaneswar . It is now under the care and maintenance of Bhimesvara Temple Development Committee. The tank was excavated by cutting through the laterite bed rock. The embankment is made of dressed laterite blocks. Single/ Multiple: Multiple Public/ Private: Private It
242-547: A business by the World Bank . Bhubaneswar has been traditionally home to handicrafts industry, including silver filigree work, appliqué work, stone and wood carvings and patta painting , which significantly contributes to the city's economy. The late 2000s saw a surge of investments in the real estate, infrastructure, retail and hospitality sectors; several shopping malls and organised retails opened outlets in Bhubaneswar. In
363-516: A large art gallery for exhibitions. Town Hall, KVK, Sahid Bhawan, Satabdi Bhawan, and Sarala Bhawan are the prominent auditoriums in the city. The Odia film industry has its base in Cuttack. The Oriya film industry is popularly known as Ollywood , a portmanteau of the words Oriya and Hollywood . In 1974, the Government of Odisha declared film-making and construction of cinema theatres as industry in
484-476: A largely residential city with outlying industrial areas. The economy had few major players until the 1990s and was dominated by retail and small-scale manufacturing. With the economic liberalisation policy adopted by the Government of India in the 1990s, Bhubaneswar received investment in telecommunications , information technology (IT) and higher education. In 2011, according to a study by Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India , Bhubaneswar had
605-758: A lot towards the culture and history of modern Odisha. It is rightly called the cultural capital. Cuttack had been the centre of art and literature in the past. Annapurna Theatre is considered the pioneer of the Oriya theatre company. The B-Group of the Annapurna theatre, situated in Buxi Bazar, is also one of the oldest theatres in Odisha. Kala Vikash Kendra in Cuttack is another institution for dance, drama, and music in Odisha. It organises international theatre olympiads annually where artists from different countries participate along with
726-402: A major industry due to the large number of universities, colleges, schools, and coaching centres and caters to the neighbouring districts. The proximity to Paradip Port comes as an added advantage. OSL Group, one of the leading stevedore firms of the country, is headquartered in Cuttack. Cuttack, being the largest business hub of the state, is the nodal point of trade and transport. It also has
847-791: A number of Saraswati Shishu Mandirs and CBSE schools. The prominent public schools are Sai International Residential School (SIRS) , D.A.V. Public School, Sector-6, CDA , L.R.D.A.V Public School, Gandarpur, D.A.V. Public School, Rajabagicha, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya , Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1, Kendriya Vidyalaya No.2, Mahanadi Vihar, Kendriya Vidyalaya No.3, Kendriya Vidyalaya Arc Charbatia, Stewart School , New Stewart School, Delhi Public School Kalinga, St. Xavier's High School , Sri Sathya Sai School, St. Joseph's Girls High School , S.C.B. Medical Public School , Cambridge School , Joharimall High School, Modern Public School, Queen Mary's School etc. Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose studied at Stewart School briefly before moving to Ravenshaw Collegiate School. Under
968-463: A scale ranging from I to V in order of increasing susceptibility to earthquakes. The United Nations Development Programme reports that there is "very high damage risk" from winds and cyclones . The 1999 Odisha cyclone caused major damage to buildings, the city's infrastructure and cost many human lives. Floods and waterlogging in the low-lying areas have become common due to unplanned growth. The Bhubaneswar urban development area consists of
1089-529: A tree branch planted by him after using it as a tooth cleaner still flourishes here, hence the name Daatan Sahib. There are four Jain temples in Cuttack City that were established by Digambar and Swetambar Jain sects who had migrated to Cuttack from Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan . These are situated at Choudhury Bazar, Jaunliapatty, Alamchand Bazar, and Kaji Bazar. Tirthankara images have been installed in these temples. Digambar Jain temple at Choudhury Bazar
1210-503: Is "very high damage risk" from winds and cyclones . The 1999 Odisha cyclone caused major damage to the city, claiming many lives. Cuttack has been ranked 9th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population Cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' Dedicated to the Goddess Chandi , the presiding deity of Cuttack. The Cuttack Chandi Temple
1331-496: Is 27.4 °C (81.3 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 22–32 °C (72–90 °F). Summers (March to June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s C; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in May and June. Winter lasts for only about ten weeks, with seasonal lows dipping to 15–18 °C (59–64 °F) in December and January. May is
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#17328586983891452-494: Is a Cuttack Municipal Corporation , which consists of 59 wards. The city stretches from Phulnakhara in south to Choudwar in north and Kandarpur in east to Naraj in west, while the main city is located at the apex of the Mahanadi River delta. Apart from Mahanadi, four of its distributaries also run through the city. The distributaries include Mahanadi, Kathajodi, Kuakhai, and Birupa, where Kathajodi further has two distributaries,
1573-465: Is a Hindu folk deity of Rajasthan in India. Ramdev is considered to be an incarnation of Krishna. He was said to have had miraculous powers, and his fame reached far and wide. Legend has it that five Pirs from Mecca came to test Ramdev's powers. A holy historical Sikh shrine, the Daatan Sahib Gurdwara, is where the first Sikh Guru, Shree Guru Nanak, halted on his way to Puri. It is believed that
1694-415: Is a five-chambered rekha and pidha shrine. The Vimana is of Pancharatha Rekha style. The doorjambs of the vimana and the bhogomandapa portray sculptures of the navagraha and dvarapalas. The plinth of the temple exhibits sculptures portraying war scenes, elephants and horses in procession, and decorated swans. In the sanctum is a Patal-Phuta Shiva Linga. There is a wooden canopy, possibly added sometime in
1815-406: Is a religiously diverse city. Hindus form the majority in the city with more than 95% of the total population, as of 2011 Census of India . Muslims forms the second largest minority with 3.3% and Christians with 0.92%. There is also a significant minority population of Sikhs , Buddhists and Jains . The Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation (BMC) oversees and manages civic infrastructure for
1936-450: Is also situated in the S.C.B. Medical College Campus, which provides rehabilitation measures to persons with disabilities, especially spinal injuries. Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research (SVNIRTAR) is the most prestigious institution in the field of rehabilitation located at Olatpur, 30 km from Cuttack. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel PG Institute of Paediatrics (SVPPIG), popularly known as Sishu Bhawan,
2057-400: Is an administrative, information technology, education and tourism city. Bhubaneswar was ranked as the best place to do business in India by the World Bank in 2014. Bhubaneswar has emerged as one of the fast-growing, important trading and commercial hub in the state and eastern India. Tourism is a major industry, attracting about 1.5 million tourists in 2011. Bhubaneswar was designed to be
2178-612: Is an annex hospital of SCBMCH. It is the largest hospital of its kind in eastern India. Leprosy Home and Hospital near Nuabazar is over 100 years old and is still serving patients. Major hospitals in and around Cuttack are District Headquarters Hospital (City Hospital), Shanti Memorial Hospital, HCG Panda Cancer Hospital, Ashwini Hospital, Sun Hospital, Sabarmati General Hospital, Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital , Heritage Healthcare Hospital, Rotary Eye Hospital, and Melvin Jones Lion's Eye Hospital, among others. Schools in Cuttack are either run by
2299-423: Is characterised by mild temperatures and occasional showers. The winter months feature chilly northerly winds, which bring down the temperature to around 15 °C, though the bright sunshine helps maintain the pleasant weather. Temperatures may exceed 45 °C at the height of summer and may fall below 10 °C in winter. The highest recorded temperature is 47.7 °C (117.9 °F) recorded on 2 May 1957, and
2420-409: Is famous for its silver filigree works, and only because of these works it is also known as the silver city of India. Cuttack is also famous for its handicraft works using cows and mostly Buffalo horn. Cuttack has only one retail store for horn items named Utkal Gaurab Madhusudhan Horn Work. It was greatly contributed by the late Kalandi Charana Behera. Generally, the horn of dead cattle is used, and it
2541-516: Is hot and humid. The temperature around this season is 35 °C to 40 °C. Thunderstorms are common at the height of the summer. The monsoon months are from July to October, when the city receives most of its rainfall from the South West Monsoon. The annual rainfall is around 1,597.9 millimetres (159.79 cm). Temperatures are considerably lower during the rainy season, averaging around 30 °C. The winter season from November to February
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#17328586983892662-515: Is located in proximity to the banks of the Mahanadi River. It is famous for its annual Durga Puja and Kali Puja festivals. The Durga Puja festivities are prominent in Maa Katak Chandi temple, which takes place for 16 days starting from the dark fortnight of Ashwina Krishna Ashtami till Ashwina Shukla Navami and Vijayadashami. The goddess, popularly called Maa Kataka Chandi , sits and rules in
2783-783: Is no fixed number of members in the committees. The processes for the municipal budget 2020–21 was initiated in February 2020, but it is unclear if they have continued after the lockdown was announced. The budget for 2020–21 was supposed to be aroound Rs. 700, an increase of 51.8% from the 2019–20 budget. The increase was supposedly to fund the various socio-economic welfare schemes in the city. The key revenue sources for BMC are: Holding Taxes, tax from advertisements, rent from municipal properties such as markets, shopping complexes, and kalyan mandaps (marriage halls), fees and user charges, and grants from state and central governments. Citizens of Bhubaneswar elect one representative to India's lower house,
2904-526: Is performed by licensed craftsmen only. This peculiar artefact is limited to Cuttack only, and anything of such kind is found nowhere else in the world. These fine and unique handicraft works add significantly to the local economy. There are 11 large-scale industries in and around Cuttack, mostly in Choudwar and Athagarh , and many more in the pipeline. These industries include steel, power, automobiles, alloys, and fireclay. Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys (IMFA),
3025-512: Is referred to as a city with Baaban Bazaar, Teppan Galee , i.e., this is the city of 52 markets and 53 streets, which is told by people of Odisha for the largeness of this city. Naranpur is another satellite township coming up in Trishulia, on the other side of the Kathajodi River . Cuttack experiences a tropical wet and dry climate . The summer season is from March to June, when the climate
3146-666: Is repaired and maintained by the Bhimesvara Temple Development Committee. Architecture: B Historic: C Associational: B Social/Cultural: B 1. K.C. Panigrahi, Archaeological Remains at Bhubaneswar, Calcutta, 1961. P. 174. 2. L. S.S. O’ Malley, Bengal District Gazetter Puri, Calcutta 1908, P. 241. 3. M.M. Ganguly, Orissa and Her Remains, Calcutta, 1912, P. 274. 4. R.L. Mitra. The Antiquities of Orissa, Calcutta, 1963, P. 162. Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar North : Susanta Rout, BJD Bhubaneswar ( Odia: [ˈbʱubɔneswɔɾɔ] )
3267-435: Is situated here. Apart from it, many other courts and tribunals have their offices in the city. Cuttack also houses a circle jail at Choudwar. Electricity is supplied by the state-operated Central Electricity Supply Utility of Odisha , or CESU. Fire services are handled by the state agency Odisha Fire Service . Drinking water is sourced from the underground wells and Mahanadi River. Water supply and sewerage are handled by
3388-498: Is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Odisha . It is located in the Khordha district . The suburban region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as Chakra Khetra and Ekamra Khetra (Area adorned with a mango tree). Bhubaneswar is dubbed the "Temple City", a nickname earned because of many temples which are standing there. In contemporary times,
3509-642: Is the most common method of waste disposal in Bhubaneswar. State-owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited , or BSNL , as well as private enterprises, among them Reliance Jio , Bharti Airtel , Vodafone Idea , are the leading telephone, cell phone and internet service providers in the city. Bhubaneswar is a centre for higher education in the Eastern Region and is considered the education hub of Eastern India with several government and privately funded Universities and colleges. IIT Bhubaneswar , NISER Bhubaneswar, AIIMS Bhubaneswar and NIFT Bhubaneswar are some of
3630-544: Is the only old temple of Vishnu in the city. In 1568, the Karrani dynasty of Afghan origin gained control of Odisha . During their reign, most of the temples and other structures were destroyed or disfigured. In the 16th century, the area came under pachamani Mughal control. The Marathas , who succeeded the Mughals in the mid-18th century, encouraged pilgrimage in Odisha . In 1803, the area came under British colonial rule, and
3751-411: Is topographically divided into western uplands and eastern lowlands, with hillocks in the western and northern parts. Kanjia lake on the northern outskirts, affords rich biodiversity and is a wetland of national importance. Bhubaneswar's soils are 65 per cent laterite , 25 per cent alluvial and 10 per cent sandstone . The Bureau of Indian Standards places the city inside seismic zone III on
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3872-572: Is under the care and maintenance of Bhimesvara Temple Development Committee. Address: Kapila Prasad, Bhimatangi, Bhubaneswar Precinct/ Building/ Structure/Landscape/Site/Tank: Tank Typology: Embankments Abandoned/ in use: In use. Present use: Temple rituals as well as normal bathing. Past use: Could not be ascertained. Cultural significance: Kartika Purnima, Pinda is also offered. Social significance: Mundanakriya Associational significance: Bhimesvara Temple Development Committee. Surrounding: The tank has embankments on all
3993-610: Is widely used for commercial purposes. Most of the banners are written in Odia and English . The City of Cuttack is administered by the Cuttack Municipal Corporation. CMC was established as a municipality on 4 June 1876 and was named as a corporation on 15 August 1994. This corporation covers an area of 192.5 km . The CMC is in charge of the civic and infrastructure needs of the Metropolitan City. The Mayor heads
4114-467: The 2011 census of India , Bhubaneswar had a population of 837,737, while the metropolitan area had a population of 881,988. As per the estimate of IIT Kharagpur , which made a development plan, the Bhubaneswar–Cuttack Urban complex, consisting of 721.9 square kilometres (278.7 sq mi), has a population of 1.9 million (as of 2008 ). As of 2011 , the number of males was 445,233, while
4235-547: The Bay of Bengal branch of the south west summer monsoon lash Bhubaneswar between June and September, supplying it with most of its annual rainfall of 1,657.8 mm (65 in). The highest monthly rainfall total, 374.6 mm (15 in), occurs in August. Bhubaneswar has been ranked 7th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' Bhubaneswar
4356-563: The Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation area, 173 revenue villages and two other municipalities spread over 1,110 km (430 sq mi). The area under the jurisdiction of the Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation covers 186 square kilometres (72 sq mi). The city is somewhat dumbbell -shaped with most of the growth taking place to the north, northeast and southwest. The north–south axis of
4477-669: The Cuttack Municipal Corporation or by private trusts and individuals. The Odia medium schools in Cuttack are affiliated to the Board of Secondary Education, Odisha whilst the English medium affiliated to either ICSE or the CBSE . Apart from English and Odia medium schools, certain Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Bengali and Telugu medium schools are also present in Cuttack. Ravenshaw Collegiate School ,
4598-691: The Keshari dynasty . As stated by the historian Andrew Stirling, present-day Cuttack was established as a military cantonment by king Nrupa Keshari of the Keshari dynasty in 989 CE. Stirling based his opinion on the Madala Panji , a chronicle of the Jagannatha temple of Puri . The reign of Maharaja Markata Keshari was distinguished for the stone embank built to protect the new capital from flooding in 1002 CE. Historical and archaeological evidence suggests Cuttack became
4719-640: The Lingaraja , Nilakantha Siva , Rajarani and Muktesvara temples , standing alongside residential areas. Additional structures include the Somabaresvara Siva Temple and the Kartikesvara Siva Temple . The area is congested, with narrow roads and poor infrastructure. Among neighbourhoods in the old town are Rajarani Colony, Pandaba Nagar, Brahmeswara Bagh, Lingaraja Nagar, Gouri Nagar, Bhimatangi, Kapilaprasad and Sundarpada. The planned city
4840-595: The Lok Sabha , and three representatives to the state legislative assembly, through the constituencies of Bhubaneswar North , Ekamra-Bhubaneswar , and Bhubaneswar Central . The last Lok Sabha election was in 2019, when Aparajita Sarangi from Bharatiya Janata Party won the seat. The last state assembly election took place in 2019 as well, when all three Vidhan Sabha seats in Bhubaneswar were won by Biju Janata Dal : Susant Kumar Rout from North, Ashok Chandra Panda from Ekamra, and Ananta Narayan Jena from Central. As
4961-612: The Matrubhasha . Cuttack is the healthcare hub of Odisha. Millions of people from different parts of Odisha and other states throng to the city with the hope of better medical facilities. Shri Ramachandra Bhanj Medical College (SCBMCH) , the largest medical college of the state, is located in Cuttack. The Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre (AHRCC), the only one of its kind in Eastern India, carries out high-end research and treatment in cancer. The Regional Spinal Injury Centre (RSIC)
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5082-500: The Public Health Engineering Organisation . State-owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited , or BSNL, as well as private enterprises, among them Vodafone , Bharti Airtel , Jio , and Idea Cellular , are the leading telephone, cell phone, and Internet service providers in the city. Cuttack has the largest number of NGOs, charitable organisations, orphanages, old age homes and destitute homes than anywhere else in
5203-449: The informal sector , 22,000 vendors operate in regulated or unregulated vending zones. As of 2001, around 2.15% of the city's workforce was employed in the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, mining, etc.); 2.18% worked in the secondary sector (industrial and manufacturing); and 95.67% worked in the tertiary sector (service industries). The Department of Industries established four industrial areas in and around Bhubaneswar, in
5324-403: The undivided Cuttack district is famous for cooking tasty delicacies and sweets. Cuttack is famous for its Durga Puja , which is one of the most important festivals of Odisha . Being the favourite destination of poets and artists, it is also a cultural hub of Odisha. Due to its beauty, the term Kataka Nagara Dhabala Tagara is coined for it. The city is categorised as a Tier II city as per
5445-460: The "Swarna Tribhuja" ( lit. ' Golden Triangle ' ), one of Eastern India's most visited destinations. Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the capital on 13 April 1948. The modern city was designed by the German architect Otto Königsberger in 1966. Along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh , it was one of modern India's first planned cities. Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are often referred to as
5566-463: The 'twin cities of Odisha'. The area formed by the two cities had a population of 1.7 million in 2011. It is categorised as a Tier-2 city. Bhubaneswar and Rourkela are the two cities in smart city mission from Odisha . Bhubaneswar is the anglicisation of the actual Odia name "Bhubaneśwara"(ଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱର), derived from the word Tribhubaneśwara (ତ୍ରିଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱର), which literally means the Lord (Iśwara) of
5687-480: The 10+2+3/4 plan, students complete ten years of schooling and then enroll for two years in junior college, where they select one of three streams: arts, commerce, or science. This is followed by either a general degree course in a chosen field of study, or a professional degree course, such as law, engineering, and medicine. Most of the colleges in the city are affiliated to the Council of Higher Secondary Education. Some of
5808-738: The 7th century, Somavamshi or Keshari dynasty established their kingdom and constructed a number of temples. After the Kesharis, the Eastern Gangas ruled Kalinga area until the 14th century CE. Their capital was located in present-day Cuttack City. After them, Mukunda Deva of the Bhoi Dynasty – the last Hindu ruler of the area until the Marathas ruled Odisha from Cuttack. Most of the older temples in Bhubaneswar were built between 8th and 12th centuries, under Shaiva influence. The Ananta Vasudeva Temple
5929-464: The Bhubaneswar-Cuttack area. Shri S.K. Priyadarshi, IPS is the police commissioner. Electricity was earlier being supplied by the state-operated Central Electricity Supply Utility of Odisha . TATA Power - TP-CODL as a private entity started Power distribution in the city by the end of 2020. Fire services are handled by the state agency Odisha Fire Service . Drinking water is sourced from
6050-523: The Biju Patnaik Park are located in the unit. The added areas are mostly areas lying north of National Highway 5, including Nayapalli, Jayadev Vihar, Chandrasekharpur and Sailashree Vihar , Niladri vihar which were developed by Bhubaneswar Development Authority to house the growing population. With the development of the new areas such as Chandrasekharpur the city is now divided roughly into North (newer areas) and South Bhubaneswar (older areas) by
6171-740: The Indian state of Odisha . It is also the headquarters of the Cuttack district . The name of the city is an anglicised form of the Odia and Sanskrit name Kataka , which literally means The Fort , a reference to the ancient Barabati Fort around which the city initially developed. Cuttack is known as the Millennium City as well as the Silver City due to its history of 1000 years and famous silver filigree works respectively. The Orissa High Court and some other Odisha State Govt. offices are located there, and
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#17328586983896292-502: The Mahanadi, Kuakhai and Daya rivers. Water supply and sewerage are handled by the Public Health Engineering Organisation . As of 2015, 35% of the city was covered by piped water connections, 1.4% of the households had metered water connection, and the extent of non-revenue water in the city ran to 62.5%. The Engineering Department of BMC creates and maintains roads. 26.7% of the city is covered by sewage network, while more than 50% of
6413-654: The Market Building, was formed to cater to the shopping needs of the new capital's residents. Later, markets and commercial establishments developed along the Janpath and Cuttack-Puri Road at Saheed Nagar , Satya Nagar, Bapuji Nagar and Ashok Nagar. A dedicated institutional area houses educational and research institutes, including Utkal University , the Institute of Physics , the Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology and Sainik School. Indira Gandhi Park, Gandhi Park and
6534-606: The NH-5 highway. The peripheral areas are outside the municipal boundary or have subsequently been included within the extended boundary, including Tomando, Patia and Raghunathpur. Most of these areas were developed in a haphazard manner, without proper planning. The Master Planning Branch of the Bhubaneswar Development Authority developed the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) in 2010. According to
6655-1082: The Odisha Development Authorities Act, 1982, the Development Authority has control over the planning for municipal areas. Apart from the CDP, BDA has also created Zonal Development Plans for some of the areas under the CDP. Bhubaneswar secured the top rank in the Smart city list in India. Bhubaneswar has a tropical savanna climate , designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification . Temperatures in Bhubaneswar usually range from 11 to 44 °C (52 to 111 °F). It experiences five primary seasons: winter (December to January), when temperatures can drop to 11 °C (52 °F); spring (February); summer (March to May), when temperatures can reach 44 °C (111 °F) or higher; monsoon (June to October); and post-monsoon (November). The annual mean temperature
6776-611: The Odisha Province. After independence of India, the foundation of the new capital was laid on 13 April 1948. The name of the new capital came from "Tribhubaneswara" or "Bhubaneswara" (literally "Lord of the Earth"), a name of Shiva , the deity of the Lingaraja temple . The Legislative Assembly of Odisha was shifted from Cuttack to Bhubaneswar in 1969. Bhubaneswar was built as a modern city, designed by German architect Otto Königsberger with wide roads, gardens and parks. Though part of
6897-461: The Rasulgarh, Mancheswar, Chandaka, and Bhagabanpur areas. Industrial sector in Bhubaneswar includes paper, steel, automobile, food, pharma and electronics industries. A large number of companies including Odisha State Cooperative Milk Producers' Federation , Bharat Biotech , Topaz Solar , Britannia Industries , SMS Group and Jockey International have there manufacturing plant. In 2009, Odisha
7018-590: The State Legislative Assembly, viz., Barabati-Cuttack , Choudwar-Cuttack , and Cuttack Sadar . The Bhubaneswar–Cuttack Police Commissionerate , under the control of the Commissioner of Police, looks after the law enforcement in Cuttack. Cuttack has 25 police stations in the city. The headquarters of the state police are situated in Cuttack. Cuttack is the judicial capital of Odisha, as the High Court
7139-664: The Three Worlds (Tribhubana), which in this context refers to Shiva . Bhubaneswar stands near the ruins of Sisupalgarh . Dhauli , near Bhubaneswar was the site of the Kalinga War ( c. 262 -261 BCE), in which the Mauryan emperor Ashoka invaded and annexed Kalinga . One of the most complete edicts of the Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka , dating from between 272 and 236 BCE, remains carved in rock, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to
7260-515: The Top cities of India. Around 89.65% of the city's population are Hindus , while Muslims account for 8.23%, and the rest constitute 2% of the total population. Cuttack has the largest population of Christians in the state. Odia is the primary language used in the city, besides which English and Hindi may be spoken and understood. There are people who also speak Santali , Bengali , Marwari , Telugu , Gujarati , Punjabi , Urdu , etc. English
7381-460: The Twin Cities of Odisha. The metropolitan area formed by the two cities had a population of 1.862 million in 2018. Cuttack is characterised by a maze of streets, lanes, and by-lanes, which have given it the nickname of a city with Bauna Bazaar, Tepana Galee , i.e., 52 markets and 53 streets, but some localities such as Jobra Colony, Markatnagar (C.D.A.) and Mahanadi Vihar are planned localities of
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#17328586983897502-528: The capital of a kingdom founded by Raja Anangabhimadeva III of the Ganga dynasty in 1211 CE. After the end of Ganga rule, Odisha passed to the hands of the Suryavamsi Gajapati dynasty (1434–1541 CE), under whom Cuttack continued to be the capital of Odisha. After the death of Raja Mukunda deva, the last Hindu king of Orissa , Cuttack first came under Muslim rule and later under Mughals , who made Cuttack
7623-450: The city followed the plan, it grew rapidly over the next few decades, outstripping the planning process. According to the first census of independent India, taken in 1951, the town's population was just 16,000. From 1952 to 1979, it was administered by a Notified Area Council or a nagar panchayat ; a municipality was established only on 12 March 1979. During this time, due to fear of wild animals and forested areas, Cuttack continued to be
7744-410: The city is a hub of sports, tourism and IT in the country. Although the modern city of Bhubaneswar was formally established in 1948, the history of the areas in and around the present-day city can be traced to the 1st century BCE. It is a confluence of Hindu , Buddhist and Jain heritage and includes several Kalingan temples , many of them from 6th–13th century CE. With Puri and Konark it forms
7865-505: The city is the judiciary capital of Odisha. It is the commercial capital of Odisha, which hosts many trading and business houses in and around the city. The city is famous for strongly holding the sense of fraternity and brotherhood . The city is famous in Orissa for some types of food , such as the Thunkapuri , Dahibara , Lassi , various kinds of Chat etc. Amongst all districts in Orissa,
7986-423: The city is widest, at roughly 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi). Growth in the east is restricted due to the presence of Kuakhai River and by the wildlife sanctuary in the northwestern part. The city can be broadly divided into the old town, planned city (or state capital), added areas and into Units and Colonies. The old town or "Temple Town", the oldest part of the city, is characterised by many temples, including
8107-404: The city renowned nationally and internationally. The Paradip Port , which is around 85 km from the city, facilitates this process. The city is one of the largest hubs for textiles in eastern India. The city's annual textile trade generates over a billion dollars of revenue. A large textile park is planned, giving a facelift to the erstwhile Orissa Textile Mills in the city outskirts. Cuttack
8228-460: The city's 67 wards . It started as a Notified Area Committee in 1946 and was upgraded to a municipal corporation in 1994. Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003 is the governing act. Residents of each ward elect a corporator to the BMC for a five-year term. Standing committees handle urban planning and maintain roads, government-aided schools, hospitals and municipal markets. As Bhubaneswar's apex body,
8349-415: The city. The name Cuttack is an anglicised form of Kataka ( Odia : କଟକ) which is derived from Sanskrit , meaning capital, fort and military establishment, or a cantonment. The city was known as Bidanasi Kataka (meaning Bidanasi Military Base) during the days when Barabati Fort was in existence. Bidanasi is now one of the localities of the city. The earliest written history of Cuttack may go back to
8470-422: The city. A large chunk of these serve as ancillary industries for the big industrial houses in Odisha and other states. Being the former capital and now the partial capital of the state and a big business hub, many central and state government and corporate offices are in Cuttack. The service sector is quite large. The people of nearby districts are heavily dependent on the city for their livelihood, contributing to
8591-499: The corporation discharges its functions through the mayor-in-council, which comprises a mayor, a deputy mayor and other elected members. The executive wing is headed by a Commissioner. There are 13 administrative departments under BMC: PR & Communication, Disaster Management, Finance, Health & Sanitation, Engineering, Revenue & Tax, Electrical, Environment, Social Welfare, IT and Social Projects, Establishment, Land & Assets, Enforcement & Recovery. The responsibilities of
8712-532: The country's largest producer of ferrous alloys , is in Choudwar, Cuttack. A mega-auto complex is in implementation stages on the city's outskirts. Cuttack occupies a very significant place in the logistics map of the country. The number of medium- and small-scale industries concentrated around Cuttack is by far the largest among the cities in the state. The industrial estates in and around Cuttack number around eight. Jagatpur and Khapuria are industrial estates inside
8833-533: The early 10th and 11th centuries. The island is connected to the mainland on the other side by a suspension bridge, which is the first and only of its kind in the state. Paramhansa Nath Temple, Biribat built, 11th A.D., 4 km from the Cuttack-Paradeep Road. This is situated right on the banks of the River Kathajodi. Another hidden gem of Katak, and it has been standing upright 80 feet for 1000 years. This
8954-504: The elite institutions of country which are located in the city. Utkal University Bhubaneswar is the oldest university in Odisha and the 17th oldest university in India. Odia and English are the primary languages of instruction. Schools in Bhubaneswar follow the "10+2+3" plan for Regular Graduates and "10+2+4" plan for Technical studies. Schools in Bhubaneswar are either run by the state government or private organisations. Students typically enroll in schools that are affiliated with any of
9075-661: The following mediums of education. Notable union government schools in the city include Notable state government schools in the city include Notable private schools in the city include Several colleges are affiliated with universities or institution based in Bhubaneswar or elsewhere in India. Most offer a wide range of programs in STEM and applied research and are rated highly by the Ministry of Human Resource Development , India. Professional Institute The Eastern Regional Centre of Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management (IITTM),
9196-498: The former being the state's second four-screen multiplex after its Bhubaneswar branch. Odisha's First Cinema Hall marks its beginning from Cuttack. In 1926, a mobile cinema hall named Chameria Cinema Company showed films. Thereafter, Annapurna Theatre came into existence. In 1932, Hallmuk Cinema Hall marked its beginning at Tinkonia Bagicha. Movies like Harischandra and Odia's first movie, Sita Bibaha , were screened at this cinema hall in 1934. Another cinema hall named Capital Cinema
9317-427: The four sides. The Bhimesvara temple precinct stands on its eastern embankment, Bhubaneswar-Jatani road, on its west, private residential buildings in north and open space in south. Orientation: Bathing ghat provided with steps in the southern embankment. The tank is square on plan measuring 38.10 square metres with a depth of 5.50 metres. It has an entrance in the south and there are flights of steps leading down to
9438-500: The head of the delta formed between the tributary Kathajodi river and the main river Mahanadi has come up by the name of Markat Nagar (popularly known as CDA by the local residents), which is spread across 2000 acres. CDA has 15 sectors out of which 11 are residential and has a population of around 150,000. Jagatpur and Mahanadi Vihar are the other two townships in the city. Mahanadi Vihar is the first satellite city project in Odisha . Cuttack
9559-452: The headquarters of POSCO India , a subsidiary of South Korean conglomerate POSCO and Govt. of India owned National Aluminium Company (NALCO). Apart from the big multinationals, some 300 small and mid-size IT companies and business startups have offices in Bhubaneswar. Lulu International Shopping Malls Private Limited plans to set up shopping malls, hypermarkets, agri sourcing and logistics hub with an investment of Rs 1,500 crore. As per
9680-487: The heart of the ancient city. Gada Chandi Temple, situated within the premises of the Barabati Fort , is one of the oldest temples in Cuttack and is believed to be the older temple of Cuttack Chandi before her shift to the present Cuttack Chandi Temple. Dedicated to the worship of Lord Shiva, Dhabaleswar Temple is situated on an exotic island in the Mahanadi River and is embellished with stone carvings that date back to
9801-420: The highest rate of employment growth among 17 Tier-2 cities in India. It has been listed among the top ten emerging cities in India by Cushman and Wakefield , taking into consideration factors like demographics, physical, social and real estate infrastructure, current level and scope of economic activities and government support. In 2012, Bhubaneswar was ranked third among Indian cities, in starting and operating
9922-541: The hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 32–42 °C (90–108 °F). January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from 15–28 °C (59–82 °F). The highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded in Bhubaneswar are 46.7 °C (116.1 °F) on 5 June 2012 and 8.2 °C (46.8 °F) on 30 December 2018. The official weather station for the city is the Biju Patnaik Airport . Weather records here date back to 1 July 1948. Rains brought by
10043-448: The households are dependent on onsite containment systems, such as septic tanks. There is no sewage treatment plant in Bhubaneswar right now, but one is being built using JNNURM funds. The waste from the limited sewage network flows untreated into the Daya river. There is one septage treatment plant for fecal sludge with a capacity of 75 KLD. The municipal corporation is responsible for
10164-884: The largest wholesale commodities market of the state at Malgodown, and Chhatra Bazaar caters to the whole state. Cuttack has a Doordarshan centre that telecasts Odia programs. The Cuttack station of All India Radio started post-independence in 1948 and broadcasts programs in AM as well as FM bandwidth, catering to the whole state . At present, Cuttack has six local radio stations broadcasting on FM , including two from AIR. The private FM stations include 91.9 Sarthak FM, BIG 92.7 FM, RED 93.5 FM, and Radio Choklate 104 FM. Among several print media houses located at Cuttack, Oriya newspapers published here include The Samaja (founded by Utkala Mani Gopabandhu Das), Prajatantra (founded by Harekrushna Mahatab, former Chief Minister of Odisha and former Governor of Maharashtra ), Sambad , Dharitri , and
10285-559: The local artists. Sarala Sahitya Sansad, Utkal Sahitya Samaj, and Marwari Yuva Manch are some other organisations contributing to the rich culture of Odisha. Cuttack has been the seat of various literary activities, and many notable writers and poets lived and worked here. There are many old libraries in Cuttack, including the first library of the state, Kanika Library at Ravenshaw University, Biswanath Pandit Central Library, Odisha Urdu Library, Madhusudan Library, PK Padhihari Pathagara, Bakul Library, and Biren Mitra Library. CMC Sahid Bhawan has
10406-482: The lowest is 5.8 °C (42.4 °F) recorded on 7 January 1986. Due to its proximity to the coast, the city is prone to cyclones from the Bay of Bengal . One such cyclone struck Cuttack in 1971 , resulting in more than 10,000 deaths in the state. The Bureau of Indian Standards places the city inside seismic zone III on a scale ranging from I to V in order of increasing susceptibility to earthquakes. The United Nations Development Programme reports that there
10527-441: The mask pattern was conducted in his presence at Binod Behari Devi Mandap. The remains of the old moated Barabati Fort still exist in the heart of Cuttack. Cuttack is located at 20°31′23″N 085°47′17″E / 20.52306°N 85.78806°E / 20.52306; 85.78806 and has an average elevation of 36 metres (118 ft). The city is spread across an area of 192.5 km (74 sq mi). The city
10648-528: The mid-15th or 16th century. Other deities around the temple are Parvati, Kartikeya, and Ganesh. A big bull figure and Rama-abhisekha images are found on the northern wall of the temple. Two Vishnu images are found on the outer walls of the temple. Built by the Somavanshi Dynasty. The temple is located beside the Cuttack–Bhubaneswar national highway. It is built entirely of white marble. Ramdev Pir
10769-469: The municipal body include drainage and sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management and street lighting. The tenure of the last elected body ended in March 2022 and new elections have already took place. Ward committees have been formed in Bhubaneswar and are very active. The Committees are responsible for issues such as public health, sanitation, street lighting and conservancy in their respective wards. There
10890-467: The municipal corporation and the municipal commissioner is head of the executive arm. A municipal commissioner is an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer appointed by the state government. Subhash Chandra Singh is the first directly elected mayor of Cuttack and holds executive power in the Municipal Corporation. Cuttack City is divided into three constituencies, which are represented at
11011-454: The north across the Birupa River, while in the east it begins at Kandarpur and runs west as far as Naraj. Four rivers, including Mahanadi and its distributaries Kathajodi , Kuakhai and, Birupa, run through the city. Further Kathajodi is distributed into Devi and Biluakhai, which often makes the geographical area look like fibrous roots. Cuttack and Bhubaneswar are often referred to as
11132-496: The number of females were 392,504. The decadal growth rate was 45.90 per cent. Effective male literacy was 95.69 per cent, while female literacy was 90.26 per cent. About 75,237 were under six. Bhubaneswar's literacy rate is 93.15 per cent —significantly higher than the national average of 74.04 per cent. Languages spoken in Bhubaneswar (2011) The main language spoken in the city is Odia . However, English and Hindi are understood by most residents. Although Odias comprise
11253-692: The oldest school of Odisha which proudly boasts many eminent personalities in its alumni including Netaji Subash Chandra Bose , Biju Patnaik , Harekrushna Mahatab , etc. Its situated in Cuttack. Some of the other prominent Odia medium schools of the city include Secondary Board High School , Jobra High School , Ravenshaw Girls High School , Ranihat High School, Nua Bazar High School, Odisha Police High School, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Higher Studies and Research Matrubhaban , Christ Collegiate School, Kamalakanta Vidayapitha, Peary Mohan Academy, Badambadi New Colony High School, Buckley Girls School , Sri Aurobindo School Of New Thought, CRRI High School. The city has
11374-615: The other regular Indian festivals like Ratha Yatra , Raja , Ganesh Chaturthi , Vasant Panchami , Holi , Diwali , Chhath , Eid , Good Friday , Christmas, and the numerous festivals are celebrated here. Cuttack is the street food capital of Odisha. It is famous for its Dahibara Aludam , a local delicacy made using black gram (a cousin of the mung bean) and potato curry. Chhena poda and Rasagulla from Salepur by Bikalananda Kar are local desserts made of unripened curd cheese made from buffalo or cow milk. Apart from Dahibara Aloodam: Chaat, Gupchup (puchuka/panipuri), and samosas rule
11495-403: The people's favourite destination, which continues to be even today. The government officials lived at Cuttack and came to Bhubaneswar for work. The government then forced the officials to live at Bhubaneswar. Then some traders came to set up some shops. By the 1991 census, the population of Bhubaneswar had increased to 411,542. Accordingly, on 14 August 1994, the Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation
11616-552: The prominent colleges include Ravenshaw College, Stewart Science College, Christ College, Choudwar College, Choudwar women's college, Cuttack College, Jatiya Kabi Bira Kishore (J.K.B.K.) College, Netaji City College, Raghunathjew College, Sailabala Women's College , Emarti Devi Women's College , Indira Gandhi Women's College ,Sri Aurobindo School Of New Thought, City Women's College, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Higher Studies & Research Matrubhaban, Kishore Nagar College, Kandarpur College. Sailabala Women's college established in 1913
11737-432: The quantity of Muslim households in the city, traditional Islamic and Mughlai cuisines like Biriyani , Tandoor , and Sheer kurma are also popular among the denizens. Due to its close proximity to Paradip and Mahanadi catchment areas, Cuttack is one of the major producers and consumers of fish. Fish curry is a popular dish among Odia households. Cuttack has been the home to many notable personalities who have contributed
11858-464: The ranking system used by the Government of India . The old and most important part of the city is centred on a strip of land between the Kathajodi River and the Mahanadi River , bounded on the south-east by Old Jagannath Road. The city, being a part of the Cuttack Municipal Corporation consisting of 59 wards. Cuttack stretches from Phulnakhara across the Kathajodi in the south to Choudwar in
11979-504: The right being Devi while the left is Biluakhai. Mahanadi runs through the city on the northern side, separating the main city from the Jagatpur Industrial Area. The Kathajodi River forms a riverine island of Bayalis Mouza (42 Wards) after separating the main city from Gopalpur. The Kuakhai River separates the southern part of the city into two halves, namely Pratap Nagri and the new township of Naranpur. The Kuakhai runs throughout
12100-676: The seat of the Government of Odisha , Bhubaneswar is home to the Odisha Legislative Assembly and the state secretariat. Bhubaneswar has lower courts: the Court of Small Causes and the District Civil Court decide civil matters; the Sessions Court rules in criminal cases. The Bhubaneswar–Cuttack Police Commissionerate , established in 2008, is a city police force with primary responsibilities in law enforcement and investigation in
12221-633: The seat of the new Orissa Subah (imperial top-level province) under Shah Jahan . By 1750, Cuttack came under the Maratha Empire , and it grew fast as a business centre, being the convenient point of contact between the Bhonsale Marathas of Nagpur and the English merchants of Bengal . The term "Attock te Cuttack" ( Attock to Cuttack) was first used to describe the extent of the Maratha Empire after they conquered Cuttack in 1750 and Attock in 1758. It
12342-499: The service sector and, thus, the floating population. The presence of Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI), the largest rice research institute in Asia, adds to the importance of Cuttack in the agricultural map of the country. The presence of Odisha High Court and the SCB Medical & College , the largest medical institution in the state, further nourishes the service sector. Education is
12463-428: The solid waste management in the city. The average municipal waste generated in the city is 480 kg/m3 for wet waste and 600 kg/m3 for wet waste. Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation BMC has introduced door to door collection through battery operated garbage collection vehicle. It is trying to introduce segregation at source by providing two waste bins to every household, one each for dry and wet waste. Landfilling
12584-421: The south of the city along Phulnakhara before entering Bhubaneswar. The Birupa river runs through the north of Jagatpur Industrial Area, separating it from Choudwar. There are numerous ponds known as ( pokharis ) in the city that store rainwater. The Mahanadi provides much of the drinking water to the city. Recent growth of the city has resulted in expansion across the Kathajodi River , and a newer township towards
12705-506: The southwest of the modern city. After the decline of the Mauryan empire, the area came under the rule of Mahameghavahana dynasty , whose most well-known ruler is Kharavela . His Hathigumpha inscription is located at the Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves near Bhubaneswar. The area was subsequently ruled by several dynasties, including Satavahanas , Guptas , Matharas , and Shailodbhavas . In
12826-770: The state, and two years later, in 1976, it established the Orissa Film Development Corporation in Cuttack. One of the regional offices for the Central Board of Film Certification is situated in Cuttack. The city has several cinemas playing movies in Odia, Hindi, and English. Historically, Cuttack accounted for almost half of the number of cinema halls in the state, but eventually, those numbers declined. Presently, Cuttack hosts five single-screen movie theatres named Grand, Brindaban, Samrat, Nishamani, and Jayashree. It also houses two multiplexes, namely Inox and Sangam,
12947-527: The state. Famous ones include Matrubhaban, Josoda Sadan, Daya Ashram, Basundhara orphanage, Odisha Children's Orphanage, Leprosy Home, Regional Institute of Mental Health, etc. Cuttack is widely known as the commercial capital of Odisha. It is believed to have the largest GDP among all cities in Odisha due to its large business houses and a wide range of industries ranging from ferrous alloys, steel, and logistics to agriculture and traditional industries like textiles and handicrafts. There are many trading houses in
13068-425: The streets. The city has major food joints like Chandini Chowk, Bidanasi, Stadium Road, Buxi Bazar, Dolamundai, Choudhary Bazar, etc. Thunka puri is a famous delicacy available only during Baliyatra. Traditional Oriya food such as Dahi-Pakhal (rice soaked in water with yoghurt and seasonings) is considered a body coolant, accompanied by Badi chura or saga , and is consumed during the months of April–June. Due to
13189-454: The tank. The section cutting through the laterite bed served as walls of the tank on all its four sides. Building material: laterite Construction techniques: Dry masonry. Special features, if any: It is a seasonal tank as the water dries up during the summer season. Good/Fair/ Showing Signs of Deterioration/Advanced: Bad state of preservation because of the growth of wild vegetations on its outer wall. Repairs and Maintenance: It
13310-529: The vast majority, migrants from other states like Andhra Pradesh , Bihar , West Bengal , Rajasthan and Jharkhand also dwell in the city. Growth in the information technology industry and education sector in Bhubaneswar changed the city's demographic profile; likely infrastructure strains and haphazard growth from demographic changes have been a cause of concern. Religion in Bhubaneshwar ^ Others includes Jain, Buddhists and not stated Bhubaneswar
13431-434: Was 658,986, of which 331,246 are males and 327,740 are females. There were 48,585 children aged 0–6, 8.02% of the total population of Cuttack City: 25,358 boys and 23,227 girls. The gender ratio of Cuttack City was 997 per 1000 males, and for children, 916 girls per 1000 boys. Cuttack has an average literacy rate of 91.17%, with male literacy at 97.87% and female literacy at 84.49%. The Cuttack ranks high in literacy rate among
13552-570: Was also built in Tinkonia Bagicha in 1936. The second Odia film, Lalita , was released at the same hall. Similarly, in 1944–45 Pravat Cinema Hall near Baropathar, in 1951 Hind Cinema was built. In 1962, United Talkies opened in Saheed Bhawan. Thereafter, Parvati Talkies was also built in Kalyanmandap of Cuttack Municipality. In 1969, Grand Cinema and Suraj Talkies and 1972 Jyoti Cinema, which
13673-709: Was conceived as a five-star park, under the Export Promotion Industrial Parks (EPIP) Scheme to create infrastructure facilities for setting up information technology related industries. Infosys and Tech Mahindra have been present in Bhubaneswar since 1996. Other Multinational Companies include Accenture , Cognizant , Tata Consultancy Services , Wipro , IBM , Genpact , Firstsource , Mindtree , MphasiS , Ericsson , Semtech , Reliance Communications , PricewaterhouseCoopers , Bharti Airtel , DLF (company) , Capgemini , Happiest Minds , Concentrix, RiR Electronics, Synopsis, EY and Deloitte . It also houses
13794-999: Was constructed during the second half of the 20th century and is remarkable for its artistic design. Although there are several churches in Cuttack, the oldest among them all is the Church of Epiphany on the Cantonment Road, built in the year 1865. This iconic brick structure is an example of the British-era colonial architecture . Other famous temples in Cuttack are Gada Chandi Temple, Khannagar Sai Mandir, Amareswar Temple, Raghunath Jew Temple, Gopal Jew Temple, Nitai Gouranga Matha, Rasabihari Matha, Shyamsundar Matha, Ramakrishna Mission|Ramakriskna Mission]], Maa Jhanjhirimangala Temple, Dolamundai Jagannath Temple, Chahata Ram Mandir, Badambadi Siddhivinayak Temple, Khannagar Kali Mandir, Kalia Boda Shani Temple, etc. Cuttack also houses many churches, including Holy Rosary Church and Oriya Baptist Church . All
13915-568: Was designed in 1948 to house the capital. It is subdivided into units, each with a high school, shopping centres, dispensaries and play areas. While most of the units house government employees, Unit V houses the administrative buildings, including the State Secretariat, State Assembly and the Raj Bhavan. Private residential areas were later built in other areas of the planned city, including Saheed Nagar and Satya Nagar. Unit I, popularly known as
14036-410: Was established in 1996. One IATA Authorised Training Centre (ATC) is located in the city. Several regional management educational institutions also have travel and tourism related courses in their curriculum. Cuttack Cuttack ( / ˈ k ʌ t ə k / , or officially Kataka in Odia [ˈkɔʈɔkɔ] ), is the former capital, deputy capital and the 2nd largest city of
14157-727: Was established. Bhubaneswar is in Khordha district of Odisha . It is in the eastern coastal plains , along the axis of the Eastern Ghats mountains. The city has an average altitude of 45 m (148 ft) above sea level . Bhubaneswar lies in Mahanadi River Delta. The Daya River is 4 km to the south and the Kuakhai River 4 km to the east; the Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary and Nandankanan Zoo are in west and north to Bhubaneswar, respectively. Bhubaneswar
14278-529: Was occupied by the British in 1803 and later became the capital of the Odisha division in 1816. From 1948 onwards, when the capital was shifted to Bhubaneswar , the city remained the administrative headquarters for the state of Odisha . The introduction of the Sharadiya Utsav tradition in the city dates back to the visit of Saint Chaitanya in the 16th century, when the consecration of the idol of Durga by using
14399-578: Was part of the Bengal Presidency (until 1912), Bihar and Orissa Province (1912–1936) and Orissa Province (1936–1947). The capital of the British-ruled and post-independent Orissa State was also Cuttack , which was vulnerable to floods and suffered from space constraints. Because of this, on 1966, a proposal to move the capital to a new capital was introduced in the Legislative Assembly of
14520-469: Was ranked ninth among Indian states in terms of software export by NASSCOM , with most IT/ITES companies established in Bhubaneswar. In 2011–12, Odisha had a growth rate of 17% for software exports. According to a 2012 survey, among the tier-2 cities in India, Bhubaneswar has been chosen as the best for conducting IT/ITES business. The government fostered growth by developing of IT parks such as Infocity-1, Infovalley, STPI -Bhubaneswar and JSS STP. Infocity
14641-446: Was renamed Laxmi Hall, started. Later, more opened: Durga Hall (1979), Nisamani Hall, Samrat Hall (1980), Brundaban Hall, Sagar Sangam Hall, Devi Cinema (1982), Rajtarangini (1983), Jaysree Talkies (1985). In 2018, Inox Multiplex opened, as Odisha's second after Bhubaneswar Inox. According to the 2011 census of India, the population of Cuttack City in 2011 was 606,007: 331,246 male and 302,477 female. Its urban / metropolitan population
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