The Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM) is a type of aquatic therapy used for physical rehabilitation based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) . BRRM is a water-based technique in which therapist-assisted strengthening and mobilizing exercises are performed while the patient lies horizontally in the water, with support provided by rings or floats around the neck, arms, pelvis, and legs.
31-570: The Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM), originally developed by physiotherapists in Bad Ragaz, Switzerland , is an aquatic therapy treatment approach that uses a water-based strengthening and mobilizing resistive exercise model. BRRM is based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) . PNF is commonly used in physiotherapy to enhance both active and passive range of motion , with the ultimate goal being to improve neuromuscular function using patterns of movement and therapist-assisted resistance. Therapy
62-472: A Fachhochschule ). Out of the total population in Bad Ragaz, as of 2000 , the highest education level completed by 1,070 people (21.7% of the population) was Primary , while 1,975 (40.1%) have completed Secondary, 558 (11.3%) have attended a Tertiary school, and 175 (3.6%) are not in school. The remainder did not answer this question. The historical population is given in the following table: Bad Ragaz
93-684: A patient through specific patterns of movement and resistance, with the effect of muscular elongation and relaxation and associated pain modulation, and with the goal of improving proprioception and neuromuscular functioning . The method uses various properties of water for therapy, in particular turbulence and resistance, to restore anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological movements of joints and muscles in functional patterns. As with land-based PNF, BRRM recruits weak muscles by overflow from strong muscles and stimulates sensory awareness to rehabilitate neuromuscular function. BRRM differs from land-based PNF in various technical details. In particular, on land
124-722: A position exercised by the Abbey. One of the most notable events in the local chronicles is the Battle of Ragaz , an episode in the Old Zürich War of the years 1440–1446 fought between the canton of Zürich and the other seven cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy over which of them should inherit the interests and lands of Count Friedrich VII of Toggenburg , who had died in 1438 intestate and heirless. The armed clash took place at Ragaz on 6 March 1446. The village suffered over time from
155-550: A private dwelling. There were 1,181 (or 24.0%) persons who were part of a couple (married or otherwise committed) without children, and 2,390 (or 48.5%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 290 (or 5.9%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 36 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 24 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 35 who lived household made up of unrelated persons, and 208 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing. In
186-438: A sprig Gules in the beak. Bad Ragaz has a population (as of 31 December 2020) of 6,467. As of 2007 , about 25.1% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Of the foreign population, (as of 2000 ), 122 are from Germany, 144 are from Italy , 508 are from ex- Yugoslavia , 59 are from Austria , 1 person is from Turkey , and 312 are from another country. Over the last 10 years the population has grown by 8.3%. Most of
217-566: Is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Sarganserland in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland . It is the home of a famous natural spring and is a popular spa and health resort destination. Bad Ragaz is first mentioned circa 843 as Ragaces . As plain Ragaz, the locality was originally a farming village. It had over the centuries a certain importance owing to its position on
248-430: Is also closely associated with the fictional character Heidi . The Village Baths ( German : Dorfbad ) with the water cure rooms ( German : Trinkhalle ) at Bartholoméplatz 1, the chapel of St. Leonhard and the ruins of Freudenberg Castle are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance . As of 2007 , Bad Ragaz had an unemployment rate of 1.62%. As of 2005 , there were 103 people employed in
279-623: Is non-productive (rivers or lakes). The municipality is in the Sarganserland Wahlkreis of Bezirk Sargans. The spa and recreation village is in the south-east of the canton at the end of the Tamina valley. It lies on the north–south and east–west routes over the Graubünden Alps . Until 1937 Bad Ragaz was known as Ragaz. The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Dove volant displayed Argent beaked and membered Or having
310-477: Is performed while floating horizontally in the water, with rings or floats supporting the neck, arms, pelvis, and knees. The extremities are used as levers to activate the trunk muscles. Bad Ragaz Ring Method (BRRM) gets its name from the famous Bad Ragaz natural spring and wellness spa in eastern Switzerland. "Ring" refers to the rings or floats that are used to support the patient at the water surface. BRRM combines early techniques of aquatic exercise, developed in
341-616: The 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 40.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (21.4%), the FDP (13.7%) and the SP (12.7%). The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Bad Ragaz about 68.9% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or
SECTION 10
#1733207659932372-578: The Chur–Rorschach railway between Sargans and Chur and is served by local and regional trains at Bad Ragaz railway station . Bad Ragaz Airport [ de ] is a small airport serving private flights and recreational gliding . Wartensteinbahn was funicular between Bad Ragaz and Wartenstein, 206 m above (1892-1964). Between 1961 and 1990 Bad Ragaz had an average of 120.5 days of rain or snow per year and on average received 830 mm (33 in) of precipitation . The wettest month
403-460: The Duineser Elegien ( Duino Elegies ), in particular the seventh Elegy with its famous lines Hiersein ist herrlich... ( To be here is splendid ... ). Bad Ragaz has an area, as of 2006 , of 25.4 km (9.8 sq mi). Of this area, 45.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while 34.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 9.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (10.1%)
434-609: The Swiss Reformed Church . There was 1 individual of the Christian Catholic faith; 249 individuals who belonged to the Orthodox Church; and 64 individuals who belonged to another Christian church. There were 2 Jews , and 166 Muslims . Forty-two people belonged to another church (not listed in the census); 277 belonged to no church, were agnostic or atheist ; and 161 did not answer the question. Bad Ragaz sits on
465-406: The primary economic sector and about 23 businesses involved in this sector. 687 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 71 businesses in this sector. 1,911 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 244 businesses in this sector. As of October 2009 the average unemployment rate was 3.0%. There were 331 businesses in the municipality of which 64 were involved in
496-495: The 1930s by German physician Knupfer, with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques developed in the 1950s and 1960s by American neurophysiologist Herman Kabat and his assistants Margaret Knott and Dorothy Voss. Dr Knupfer originally adapted land exercises to water, using floats to support the patient while the therapist acts as a fixed point for movement. Knott and Voss applied PNF extensively for therapeutic exercise and began presenting their techniques in workshops in
527-478: The 1950s; PNF courses began to be taught at major universities during the 1960s; and subsequently PNF became a widely accepted technique used extensively by physical therapists, other health professionals, and athletes. Adaptation of PNF for use in aquatic therapy took place between the early 1960s and 1990 at Bad Ragaz, initially by Dr W.M. Zinn and Nele Ipsen, and later by Bridget Davies and Beatrice Egger. BRRM involves an aquatic therapist working one-on-one to guide
558-510: The Abbey's estates, including the local hot springs, which began to be increasingly exploited for tourism thanks to a project connecting the springs with the village. This was to lead eventually, in 1937, to a change of name to Bad Bagaz, and increasing orientation of the local economy towards catering for health spa clientel. It was in Ragaz that around the year 1880 the Swiss novelist and author of children's stories, Johanna Spyri (1827-1901), penned
589-514: The Dauphin concluded a peace in October 1444, and his mercenary army withdrew from the war altogether. In May 1444, the confederacy laid siege to Greifensee , and captured the town after four weeks, on May 27, beheading all but two of the 64 defenders the next day, including their leader, Wildhans von Breitenlandenberg , the so-called Murder of Greifensee . Even in this time of war, such a mass execution
620-505: The confederates and the latter sent a force of about 30,000 Armagnac mercenaries under the command of the Dauphin via Basel to relieve the city. In the Battle of St. Jakob an der Birs near Basel on 26 August 1444, a blocking force of roughly 1,600 Swiss confederates was defeated, but inflicted such heavy losses on the French (2,000 killed) that the Dauphin decided to retreat. The confederacy and
651-434: The disputed area and cut off grain supplies to Schwyz and Glarus. In 1440, the other cantons expelled Zurich from the confederation and declared war. Zurich retaliated by making an alliance with Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor of the house of Habsburg . The forces of Zurich were defeated in the Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl on 22 July 1443 and Zurich was besieged. Frederick appealed to Charles VII of France to attack
SECTION 20
#1733207659932682-553: The engaging story of Heidi , a 5-year-old girl living with her grandfather in the Swiss Alps. Written, as the title page announced, to be a book "for children and those who love children", it become known throughout the world. Modern-day Ragaz is also proud of the fact that it was the retreat where the Bohemian-Austrian poet and author Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926) towards the end of his life reputedly wrote part of his poetic work
713-594: The north–south route between Germany and Italy. Its history was closely linked to that of the Benedictine Pfäfers Abbey , an important monastery dating back perhaps to the eighth century, which was the dominant landholder around the village and the principal rights holder. The residence of the Prince Abbot of Pfäfers, a building known as the Hof Ragaz served as the premises of the local governor or Statthalter ,
744-419: The outbreak of several fires and also from flooding which struck, for example, in 1750, 1762 and 1868. However, in the nineteenth century there was an upturn in local fortunes. Financial struggles had prompted the last Abbot of Pfäfers, Plazidus Pfister, to request that Pope Gregory XVI secularize the abbey, a request that was granted on 20 March 1838. On 20 November 1838. The Canton of St. Gallen then took over
775-653: The patient through specific exercises. Exercises are focused on increasing joint range of motion, increasing mobility of neural and myofascial tissues, and improving muscle function. Therapeutic applications include orthopaedic and rheumatology conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, spondylosis, osteoarthritis, including pre- and postsurgery, fibromyalgia, and ankylosing spondylitis); post fracture (e.g., spine, pelvis and lower limb); soft tissue injuries; thoracic or breast surgery; and neurological conditions (e.g., cerebrovascular accident, spinal injury, Parkinson’s disease, head injury). Bad Ragaz, Switzerland Bad Ragaz
806-428: The population (as of 2000 ) speaks German (84.9%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common (4.3%) and Italian being third (2.9%). Of the Swiss national languages (as of 2000 ), 4,184 speak German, 30 people speak French, 141 people speak Italian, and 45 people speak Romansh . The age distribution, as of 2000 , in Bad Ragaz is: In 2000 there were 765 persons (or 15.5% of the population) who were living alone in
837-481: The secondary sector of the economy while 248 were involved in the third. As of 2000 there were 1,510 residents who worked in the municipality, while 1,217 residents worked outside Bad Ragaz and 1,189 people commuted into the municipality for work. The headquarters of the gas analysis, detection, and control instrument manufacturing company INFICON is located in Bad Ragaz. From the 2000 census , 2,862 or 58.1% were Roman Catholic , while 1,105 or 22.4% belonged to
868-405: The therapist moves around the patient and controls resistance; whereas in water, the therapist acts as a fixed point, while the patient controls' resistance by varying the speed of movement. Neck, pelvis, arm, and leg rings or floats provide support and correct positioning as the patient lies supine in waist to shoulder-depth water. The therapist stands with hips and knees slightly flexed and guides
899-437: Was August during which time Bad Ragaz receives an average of 109 mm (4.3 in) of rain or snow. During this month there was precipitation for an average of 12.7 days. The driest month of the year was October with an average of 49 mm (1.9 in) of precipitation over 12.7 days. Old Z%C3%BCrich War [REDACTED] Old Swiss Confederacy : The Old Zurich War ( German : Alter Zürichkrieg ; 1440–1446)
930-542: Was a conflict between the canton of Zurich and the other seven cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy over the succession to the Count of Toggenburg . In 1436, Count Friedrich VII of Toggenburg died, leaving neither heir nor will. The canton of Zurich, led by burgomaster Rudolf Stüssi , claimed the Toggenburg lands; the cantons of Schwyz and Glarus made counter-claims, backed by the other cantons. In 1438, Zurich occupied
961-406: Was widely considered a cruel and unjust deed. By 1446, both sides were exhausted, and a preliminary peace was concluded. The confederation had not managed to conquer any of the cities of Zurich except Greifensee; Rapperswil and Zurich itself withstood the attacks. In 1450, the parties made a definitive peace and Zurich was admitted into the confederation again, but had to dissolve its alliance with