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44-451: A backchannel is a real-time online conversation using networked computers that takes place alongside live spoken remarks. Backchannel may also refer to: Backchannel The term "backchannel" generally refers to online conversation about the conference topic or speaker. Occasionally backchannel provides audience members a chance to fact-check the presentation. First growing in popularity at technology conferences, backchannel

88-455: A computer science major, where he met, among others, Pierre Omidyar , later founder of eBay . As he deemed his course work too rigid and believed that learning computer science in school was "stupid", Ito dropped out of Tufts to work briefly for Ovonics . Ovshinsky encouraged him to return to school. Ito enrolled at the University of Chicago in physics but later dropped out as the program

132-435: A backchannel for educational purposes can function as a formal class activity or even an independent discussion without instructor participation and awareness. Aside from the normal discussion, a backchannel can also be used for note taking, asking questions, offering suggestions on different topics, and sharing resources with other students and faculty members. There are many different media networks out there that can be used as

176-544: A backchannel. Including Twitter, Facebook, Yammer and Instant Messaging. Joichi Ito 's HeckleBot includes an LED text panel displaying phrases sent from the chat room to catch the attention of the speaker or audience. The USC Interactive Media Division has experimented with "Google Jockeys" to feed visual information and search results between the speakers and the backchannel, projected on multiple screens surrounding their seminars. Software like SubEthaEdit allows for more formal backchannel: collaborative notetaking. In 2007

220-463: A doctorate by thesis The Practice of Change from the Graduate School of Media and Governance of Keio University in 2018. Ito is one of Timothy Leary 's godsons—a close, nontraditional familial relationship that Leary reportedly developed for a few of his friends' children. Ito's sister, Mizuko Ito , is a cultural anthropologist , studying media technology use, and the musician Cornelius

264-647: A monthly column in the Ideas section of Wired . Following the exposure of his personal and professional financial ties to sex offender and financier Jeffrey Epstein , Ito resigned from his roles at MIT, Harvard, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation , the Knight Foundation , PureTech Health , and The New York Times Company on September 7, 2019. Ito was born in Kyoto , Japan . His family moved to Canada and then to

308-523: A number of other roles on September 7 amid the controversy: On January 10, 2020, MIT released results of its fact-finding on engagements with Jeffrey Epstein. The investigation was conducted by Goodwin Procter LLP whose partners were retained to "conduct investigation into both Epstein's donations and Epstein's other interactions with MIT." The MIT Report found that "donations to MIT were driven either by former Media Lab Director Joi Ito or by Seth Lloyd ,

352-518: A professor of mechanical engineering and physics, not by MIT's central administration." However, the report also states that certain members of MIT's Senior Team "were aware of, and approved, Epstein's donations to support Ito and the Media Lab." Furthermore, the report found that "contrary to certain media reports, neither Epstein nor his foundations was ever coded as "disqualified" in MIT's donor systems. Further,

396-573: A talk occurred on March 26, 2002, at the PC Forum conference, when Qwest CEO Joe Nacchio famously lamented the difficulties of raising capital. Journalists Dan Gillmor and Doc Searls posted accounts, from the audience, in real-time, to their weblogs . Buzz Bruggeman, a reader of Gillmor's, emailed information about a recent sizable transaction that had made Nacchio very wealthy; both Gillmor and Searls updated their weblogs with that information. Forum host Esther Dyson wrote that "around that point,

440-903: Is a PADI IDC Staff Instructor, an Emergency First Responder Instructor Trainer, and a Divers Alert Network (DAN) Instructor Trainer. In a 2011 interview, he stated that Japan needed to look internationally if it was to continue to be "relevant". Ito has written op-eds for the Asian Wall Street Journal and The New York Times and has published articles in numerous other magazines and newspapers. He has written regular columns in The Daily Yomiuri , Mac World Japan , Asahi Pasocom , Asahi Doors , and other media sources. His photographs have been used in The New York Times Online, BusinessWeek , American Heritage , Wired News , Forbes , and BBC News . He

484-613: Is a Japanese entrepreneur and venture capitalist . He is the President of Chiba Institute of Technology . He is a former director of the MIT Media Lab , former professor of the practice of media arts and sciences at MIT, and a former visiting professor of practice at Harvard Law School . Ito has received recognition for his role as an entrepreneur focused on Internet and technology companies and has founded, among other companies, PSINet Japan, Digital Garage, and Infoseek Japan. Ito

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528-418: Is because of the existence of what I call the back channel, over which the person who has the turn receives short messages such as 'yes' and 'uh-huh' without relinquishing the turn." Such systems were widely imagined and tested in late 1990s and early 2000s. These cases include researcher's installations on conferences and classroom settings. The first famous instance of backchannel communications influencing

572-523: Is currently the host of a TV show called "Super-Presentation" airing weekly in Japan on NHK . Ito was listed by Time magazine as a member of the "Cyber-Elite" in 1997. He was also named one of the 50 "Stars of Asia" in the "Entrepreneurs and Dealmakers" category by BusinessWeek and commended by the Japanese Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications for supporting the advancement of IT in 2000. He

616-421: Is general partner of Neoteny Labs, and former board member of Creative Commons (where he served as CEO), The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC), The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, The New York Times Company, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Mozilla Foundation, The Open Source Initiative, and Sony Corporation. Ito wrote

660-748: Is his second cousin. Ito currently lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts , with his wife Mizuka Ito (née Kurogane). Ito became a disc jockey working in nightclubs in Chicago such as the Limelight and Smart Bar, also working with Metasystems Design Group to start a virtual community in Tokyo. Later, Ito ran a nightclub in Roppongi , Japan , called XY Relax, with help from Joe Shanahan of Metro Chicago /Smart Bar. He helped bring industrial music from Chicago ( Wax Trax ) and later

704-628: Is increasingly a factor in education where WiFi connections and laptop computers allow participants to use ordinary chat like IRC or AIM to actively communicate during presentation. More recent research include works where the backchannel is brought publicly visible, such as the ClassCommons, backchan.nl and Fragmented Social Mirror. Twitter is also widely used today by audiences to create backchannels during broadcasting of content or at conferences. For example, television drama, other forms of entertainment and magazine programs. This practice

748-438: Is often also called live tweeting . Many conferences nowadays also have a hashtag that can be used by the participants to share notes and experiences; furthermore such hashtags can be user generated. Victor Yngve first used the phrase " back channel " in 1970 in a linguistic meaning, in the following passage: "In fact, both the person who has the turn and his partner are simultaneously engaged in both speaking and listening. This

792-567: The American School in Japan in Tokyo . In that phase of his life, Ito also learned "street language, street smarts, and computers." One of the few Japanese using modems before networking deregulation reached Japan, in 1985, Ito had found The Source and the original MUD by his teens (and by 26, was working on his own MUD ). Ito returned to the United States to attend Tufts University as

836-458: The IRI Medal . In April 2011, Ito was named the director of the MIT Media Lab ; he began in this role on September 1, 2011. His appointment was called an "unusual choice" since Ito studied at two colleges, but did not finish his degrees. "The choice is radical, but brilliant," said Larry Smarr , director of Calit2 . Nicholas Negroponte , Media Lab's co-founder and chairman emeritus, described

880-482: The United States , when Ito was about three, to a suburb of Detroit , Michigan , where his father became a research scientist and his mother a secretary for Energy Conversion Devices, Inc., now Ovonics . The founder of his mother's company, Stanford R. Ovshinsky , was impressed with young Ito, whom he thought of almost as his son. Ovshinsky mentored the boy's interests in technology and social movements, and when Ito

924-492: The rave scene, managing a DJ team and visual artists, including importing Anarchic Adjustment to Japan. Ito was the Chairman of Creative Commons from December 2006 until 2012. He is on the board of Digital Garage, Culture Convenience Club (CCC), Tucows , and EPIC , and is on the advisory boards of Creative Commons and WITNESS . He is the founder and CEO of the venture capital firm Neoteny Co., Ltd. In October 2004, he

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968-613: The sharing economy , Ito is a doctoral candidate in Business Administration focusing on the sharing economy at the Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy , Hitotsubashi University . He is the author of Emergent Democracy . Ito is Senior Visiting Researcher of Keio Research Institute at SFC. In May 2011, it was announced that Ito's company, Digital Garage, would provide PR, marketing, product marketing research and market research for LinkedIn Japan. Ito

1012-620: The Associate to Mr. Mount (the executive producer) on the film The Indian Runner . Ito also served as a board member of Energy Conversion Devices from 1995 to 2000. Ito is a venture capitalist and angel investor and was an early stage investor in Kickstarter , Twitter , Six Apart , Technorati , Flickr , Wikia , SocialText , Dopplr , Last.fm , Rupture , Kongregate , Fotopedia , Diffbot , Formlabs , 3Dsolve and other Internet companies. A vocal advocate of emergent democracy and

1056-587: The Building Learning Communities Conference in Boston, Massachusetts used tools such as Twitter and Skype to create backchannels that included participants who were not on location and at times in remote parts of the world. At times presenters were not aware of the backchannel and other occasions the presenters themselves were involved in the backchannel. Joichi Ito Joichi " Joi " Ito ( 伊藤 穰一 , Itō Jōichi , born June 19, 1966)

1100-545: The Digital Agency was established, Ito was appointed as one of the members of the Digital Society Initiative Council, a panel of experts. In 2019, revelations of Ito's connections with Jeffrey Epstein , a convicted sex offender , shed light on the extent of Epstein's monetary gifts to the Media Lab and to Ito's startups outside of MIT. Ito initially wrote an apology but refused to resign, which led to

1144-466: The audience turned hostile". Many commentators later attributed the audience's hostility to the information people shared while surfing and communicating on their laptops during Nacchio's remarks. Research has demonstrated that backchannels help participants to feel as contributing members, not passive followers and make them feel more social. However, the research is mixed on the nature of this discussions, and especially regarding social interaction on

1188-593: The backchannels: some cases report vast interaction where as others highlight that interaction on the platform was considered low. There are indicators that these tools however engage different members of the audience to provide their input. Since its inception in 1998 at Argonne National Laboratory , the Internet2 initiative known as the Access Grid (a large-format presentation, video conferencing and interactive environment) has used backchannel communications to permit

1232-458: The choice as bringing the media to "Joi's world". In an interview with Asian Scientist Magazine , Ito discussed his vision for the MIT Media Lab, and how he liked the word "learning" better than the word "education". He was appointed professor of the practice of media arts and sciences at MIT in 2016. As of 2023, Ito is a member of the "Council on Extended Intelligence", an initiative focused

1276-434: The code "disqualified" does not mean that a person or entity is "blacklisted" or prohibited from donating to the institute. Rather, the term "disqualified" is a database code for any donor who previously donated to MIT but presently is dormant or is no longer interested in giving to MIT." The report's executive summary ends with the finding that "since MIT had no policy or processes for handling controversial donors in place at

1320-484: The departure of several prominent Media Lab members, including Ethan Zuckerman , director of the MIT's Center for Civic Media , and Media Lab visiting scholar J. Nathan Matias. Calls for Ito to resign were followed by a website (wesupportjoi.org) and letter in support of Ito which appeared in late August signed by more than 100 people including Lawrence Lessig , Hiroshi Ishii , Stewart Brand , Nicholas Negroponte , Jonathan Zittrain , and George M. Church . However,

1364-519: The ethics and governance of Artificial Intelligence, launched in 2018 by the MIT Media Lab and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). In August 2021, Ito was appointed as the Digital Auditor, the top administrative official of Japan's Digital Agency. However, many people raised concerns about his appointment, because of his relationship with Jeffrey Epstein. In September, after

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1408-477: The lab and other wealthy donors, soliciting millions of dollars in donations from individuals and organizations" and that "Epstein was credited with securing at least $ 7.5 million in donations for the lab." Ito, in an email to The New York Times, said The New Yorker report was "full of factual errors." According to Harvard Law School professor Lawrence Lessig the anonymity of the Jeffrey Epstein donations

1452-443: The lab attempted to conceal the extent of its contacts with him. The article, based on leaked emails between Epstein, Ito and others, alleged that "Ito and other lab employees took numerous steps to keep Epstein's name from being associated with the donations he made or solicited," and that Ito specifically solicited individual donations from Epstein. The article further claimed that Epstein "appeared to serve as an intermediary between

1496-415: The node operators to pass URLs for display at another site, troubleshoot problems and even discuss what's for lunch at their location. The Access Grid backchannel has evolved from the use of a MOO to XMPP . In 2009 Purdue University developed a tool called Hotseat that enabled students to comment on the course lectures in near real-time using social networking tools such as Facebook and Twitter. Using

1540-527: The time, the decision to accept Epstein's post-conviction donations cannot be judged to be a policy violation. But it is clear that the decision was the result of collective and significant errors in judgment that resulted in serious damage to the MIT community." In December 2021, Ito was appointed as the Director of the Center for Radical Transformation (CRT) at Chiba Institute of Technology , Japan. He also serves as

1584-513: The website was taken down after further details emerged. Ito later admitted to taking $ 525,000 in funding from Epstein for the lab, and permitting Epstein to invest $ 1.2 million in Ito's personal investment funds. On September 6, 2019, an article by Ronan Farrow in The New Yorker alleged that the lab led by Ito had "a deeper fund-raising relationship with Epstein" than it had acknowledged, and that

1628-502: Was 13, gave him work with scientists, saying, "He was not a child in the conventional sense." Ito and his sister Mizuko Ito , called Mimi, spent summers in Japan with their grandmother, who taught them about traditional Japanese culture. At age 14, he returned to Japan, when his mother was promoted to president of Energy Conversion Devices Japan. He studied at the Nishimachi International School and, for high school,

1672-588: Was awarded a Lifetime Achievement Award in recognition of his role as one of the world's leading advocates of Internet freedom from the University of Oxford Internet Institute . In 2011, with Ethan Zuckerman , he was named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers, in which he stated the Best idea is "Users controlling their own data". Ito received the degree of Doctor of Literature , honoris causa, from The New School in 2013. On March 11, 2014, Ito

1716-744: Was inducted into the SXSW Interactive Festival Hall of Fame. He was a TED speaker at the March 21, TED2014. In 2014, Ito was awarded the Golden Plate Award by the Academy of Achievement . On May 17, 2015 Ito received a Doctor of Humane Letters , honoris causa, from Tufts University . Ito was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in April 2017. On May 11, 2017 Ito was awarded

1760-594: Was named to the board of ICANN for a three-year term starting December 2004. In August 2005, he joined the board of the Mozilla Foundation and served until April 2016. He served on the board of the Open Source Initiative (OSI) from March 2005 until April 2007. He was a founding board member of Expression College for Digital Arts as well as the Zero One Art and Technology Network. In 1999, he served as

1804-452: Was on the early editorial mastheads of Wired and Mondo 2000 . He has authored and co-authored a number of books including Dialog – Ryu Murakami X Joichi Ito with Ryu Murakami , and "Freesouls: Captured and Released" with Christopher Adams, a book of Ito's photographs that includes essays by several prominent figures in the free culture movement . He has hosted televisions shows including The New Breed and SimTV shows on NHK . He

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1848-480: Was overly oriented towards producing practical engineers rather than teaching an intuitive understanding of physics. In the fall of 1985, Ito became the first student to register for a pioneering program of online courses, offered by Connected Education , Inc., for undergraduate credit from The New School for Social Research . Ito also attended Hitotsubashi University , according to his essay in Japanese. Ito received

1892-587: Was selected by the World Economic Forum in 2001 as one of the "Global Leaders for Tomorrow" and chosen by Newsweek as a member of the "Leaders of The Pack (high technology industry)" in 2005, and listed by Vanity Fair as a member of "The Next Establishment" in the October Issue, 2007 and 2011. Ito was named by BusinessWeek as one of the 25 Most Influential People on the Web in 2008. On July 22, 2011 he

1936-572: Was to avoid "whitewashing" Epstein's reputation and not to conceal the relationship between Ito and Epstein. The president of MIT requested an "immediate, thorough and independent" investigation into the "extremely serious" and "deeply disturbing allegations about the engagement between individuals at the Media Lab and Jeffrey Epstein." In September 2019, Ito resigned as director of the Media Lab and as an MIT professor shortly after The New Yorker article. He also resigned from his visiting professorship at Harvard University. in addition he relinquished

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