50-720: Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority , officially Bengaluru Metropolitan Region Development Authority (BMRDA) , is an autonomous body created by the Government of Karnataka under the BMRDA Act 1985 for the purpose of planning, co-ordinating and supervising the proper and orderly development of the areas within the Bangalore Metropolitan Region (BMR) which comprises Bangalore Urban district , Bangalore Rural district and Ramanagara District . Since 2007, BMRDA covers an area of 8,005 km (3,091 sq mi),
100-499: A Taluka Headquarter is located in such area The Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, 1976 mandates constituting both Ward Committees and Area Sabha in each corporation. The rules for setting these up are given in Karnataka Municipal Corporations (Wards Committees) Rules, 2016. Ward Committees in the state have been defunct in cities where they have been formed, with the meetings being erratic or not publicised to
150-442: A church for them. Languages of Kodagu district (2011) At the time of the 2011 census, 30.91% of the population spoke Kannada , 20.83% Malayalam , 14.86% Kodava , 8.92% Tulu , 5.81% Are , 4.66% Yerava , 4.23% Tamil , 2.95% Urdu , 1.74% Kurumba , 1.55% Telugu and 1.16% Konkani as their first language. Are Bhashe , a dialect of Kannada , Tulu and Kodava language are native to Kodagu district. Kodava Language uses
200-502: A language known as Arebhashe a dialect of Kannada . Guddemane Appaiah Gowda along with many other freedom fighters from different communities revolted against the British in an armed struggle which covered entire Kodagu and Dakshina Kannada. This was one of the earliest freedom movements against the British called " Amara Sulliada Swantantrya Sangraama " ( Amara Sulya Dhange formally called
250-402: A population density of 135 inhabitants per square kilometre (350/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 1.13%. Kodagu has a sex ratio of 1019 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 82.52%. 14.61% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 13.27% and 10.47% of the population respectively. Hindus are
300-532: Is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State , at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State . Kodagu is located on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats . It has a geographical area of 4,102 km (1,584 sq mi). The district is bordered by Dakshina Kannada district to the northwest, Hassan district to
350-540: Is an administrative unit headed by a deputy commissioner or district magistrate, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service . The district magistrate or the deputy commissioner is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Karnataka Civil Service and other Karnataka state services. A Superintendent of Police , an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service is entrusted with
400-648: Is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and on the advice of the chief minister appoints their council of ministers . Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great amount of legislative powers are vested. 13 May 2023 Karnataka State has been divided into 4 revenue divisions, 49 sub-divisions, 31 districts, 237 taluks , 747 hoblies / revenue circles and 6,022 gram panchayats for administrative purposes. The state has 281 towns and 7 municipal corporations. Bangalore
450-570: Is assisted by the chief secretary, who is the head of the administrative services. As of August 2021, the Government of Karnataka consists of 30 ministers including Chief Minister . The Chief Minister of Karnataka is the chief executive of the Indian state of Karnataka . As per the Constitution of India , the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with
500-796: Is dominated by the Indian National Congress (INC) , Bharatiya Janata party ( BJP ) and Janata Dal (Secular) . In recent election conducted in May 2023, the Indian National Congress won in a landslide by getting 135 seats. The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Janata Dal (Secular) conceded defeat, finishing second and third, respectively. Previously, in the 2018 Assembly Election, BJP emerged as single largest party with 104 seats leaving behind INC with 79, JDS with 38, BSP with 1 and other 2 independent seats. While B. S. Yeddyurappa went ahead with
550-460: Is headed by a ADGP of Police. Units that assist the state in law and order include Criminal Investigation Department (Forest Cell, Anti-Dowry Cell, etc.), Dog Squad, Civil Rights Enforcement Wing, Police Wireless and Police Motor Transport Organization and special units. Village Defence Parties protect persons and property in the village and assist the police when necessary. The police force is at times supplemented by Home Guards. Karnataka politics
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#1732855354881600-673: Is headed by the Chief Minister of Karnataka as chairman and the Minister for Urban Development as vice-chairman; with various development agencies in Bangalore, senior officers and heads of departments as members. The Metropolitan Commissioner is the member secretary. BMRDA plays a leading role in the evolution of urban development policies in the Bangalore Metropolitan Region and is expected to act as an umbrella organization for
650-624: Is known for its dense forest cover and the exotic flora and fauna found there. It has three wildlife sanctuaries; Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary , Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary and Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary , one National Park; the Nagarahole National Park and the only private sanctuary of India; the SAI Sanctuary . Kodagu is home for species endemic to the Western Ghats. It has large tiger and elephant populations as well. As per
700-400: Is subject to no term limits . This is a 3-tier system in the state with elected bodies at the village (grama), taluka and district (zilla) levels. It ensures greater participation of people and effective implementation of rural development programs. There is a Grama Panchayat for a village (grama) or a group of villages (gramas), a Taluka Panchayat at the taluka level and a Zilla Panchayat at
750-477: Is the Kaveri (Cauvery), which originates at Talakaveri , located on the eastern side of the Western Ghats, and with its tributaries, drains the greater part of Kodagu. Kodagu district receives majority of its rainfall from Southwest Monsoon winds. It is the 4th highest average annual rainfall receiving district in Karnataka . The amount of rainfall varies significantly due to the effects of El-nino and La-nina. In
800-503: Is the largest urban agglomeration. It is among the fastest growing cities in the world. Karnataka took its present shape in 1956, when the states of Mysore and Coorg (Kodagu) were merged with the Kannada-speaking districts of the former states of Bombay and Hyderabad , and Madras . Mysore state was made up of 10 districts: Bangalore, Kolar, Tumkur, Mandya, Mysore, Hassan, Chikmagalur (Kadur), Shimoga and Chitradurga ; Bellary
850-1092: The Ayiri , who constitute the artisan caste; the Medas , who are basket and mat-weavers and act as drummers at feasts; the Binepatta , originally wandering musicians from Malabar, now farmers; and the Kavadi , cultivators settled in Yedenalknad (Virajpet). All these groups speak the Kodava language and conform generally to Kodava customs and dress. Less frequent are Tulu speakers Billavas , Mogaveeras , Bunts , Goud Saraswat Brahmins . The Arebhashe gowdas, or Kodagu Gowdas , and Tulu Gowdas, are an ethnic group of Dakshina Kannada and Kodagu. They live in Sulya (in Dakshina Kannada) and in parts of Somwarpet, Kushalanagar, Bhagamandala and Madikeri. They speak
900-484: The chief minister . Following elections to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly , the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and
950-616: The 31st district in the state. As a result, the world heritage site of Hampi, the erstwhile capital of Vijayanagara empire, is now part of a new district - Vijayanagara. The state legislature is bicameral and consists of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council . The Legislative Assembly consists of 224 members with one member nominated by the governor to represent the Anglo-Indian community. The term of office of
1000-888: The Constitution of the Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service: The Government shall constitute a Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service consisting of such category of posts from the rural development and panchayat raj department, the number of posts, scale of pay, method of recruitment and minimum qualifications shall be such as may be prescribed]. Inserted by Act 44 of 2015 with effect from 25.02.2016. Urban areas in Karnataka are governed by different municipal bodies; 10 Municipal Corporations , 59 City Municipal Councils , 116 Town Municipal Councils, 97 Town Panchayats and 4 Notified Area Committees . The Municipal Corporations are administered under
1050-693: The Official Script Invented by Dr IM Muthanna in 1970. According to Karnataka Kodava Sahitya Academy (Karnataka's Kodava Literary Academy), apart from Kodavas, and their related groups, the Amma Kodavas , the Kodava Peggade (Kodagu Heggade) and the Kodava Maaple ( Kodava Muslims ), 18 other smaller-numbered ethnic groups speak Kodava Takk in and outside the district including the Iri ( Airi , or
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#17328553548811100-592: The State under Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, 1976, while the rest are under the Karnataka Municipalities Act, 1964. The administration at Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike is overseen by the state government directly, while the Directorate of Municipal Administration does it for the rest of the urban local governments in Karnataka. The categorisation of urban areas is done on the following basis: or
1150-798: The Virajpet constituency; they are from the Indian National Congress . Kodagu, formerly part of the Kodagu-Dakshina Kannada (Mangalore) constituency, is now part of the Mysore-Kodagu Lok Sabha constituency parliamentary constituency. The current MP for this constituency is Shri Yaduveer Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar , from the Bharatiya Janata Party . The Codava National Council and Kodava Rashtriya Samiti are campaigning for autonomy to Kodagu district which would have made Coorg more prosperous and independent. The Kodavas were
1200-820: The carpenters and the village smiths), the Koyava , the Banna , the Kodagu Madivala (washermen), the Kodagu Hajama (barber, also called Nainda), the Kembatti Poleya (household servants and labourers) and the Meda (basket and mat weavers and drummers). Among other Kodava speaking communities are: the Heggades , cultivators from shimogga; the Kodava Nair , cultivators from Kerala State;
1250-972: The chief minister for the 4th time on 26 July 2019. Last assembly elections: 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election 12 Urs II 13 Rao 14 Hegde I 15 Hegde II 16 Hegde III 17 S. R. Bommai 18 Patil II 19 Bangarappa 20 Moily 21 Deve Gowda 22 Patel 23 Krishna 24 Singh 25 Kumaraswamy I 26 Yediyurappa I 27 Yediyurappa II 28 Sadananda Gowda 29 Shettar 30 Siddaramaiah I 31 Yediyurappa III 32 Kumaraswamy II 33 Yediyurappa IV 34 Basavaraj Bommai Kodagu district Vijayanagara : ( Origin . Empire . Musicological nonet . Medieval city . Military . Haridasa . Battle of Raichur . Battle of Talikota ) Sultanate : Dialects: ( Kundagannada . Havigannada . Arebhashe ) Jainism : ( In Karnataka . In North Karnataka . Jain Bunt ) Kodagu district ( Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ] ) (also known by its former name Coorg )
1300-549: The colonial rule by the British in India was about exploitation of resources and Kodagu provided a lot of scope for economic benefits to a colonising empire. According to the 2011 census of India , Kodagu has a population of 554,519, roughly equal to the Solomon Islands or the US state of Wyoming . This ranks it 539 out of 640 districts in India in terms of population. The district has
1350-469: The district (zilla) level. All the 3 institutions are made up of elected representatives and there is no provision for nomination by the governor to any of these councils. Karnataka was the first state in the country to enact the Panchayat Raj Act, incorporating all provisions of the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution. In 2014, Karnataka State Grama Panchayats Delimitation Committee was constituted by
1400-452: The earliest inhabitants and agriculturists in Kodagu, having lived there for centuries. Kodavas being a warrior community as well, they carried arms during times of war and had their own chieftains. The earliest mention about Coorg can be seen in the works those date back to Sangam period (300 BCE - 300 CE). The Ezhimala dynasty had jurisdiction over two Nadu s - The coastal Poozhinadu and
1450-530: The elephant census of 2023, Kodagu with 1,013 elephants, had nearly one-sixth of total elephant population in Karnataka , second only to Chamarajanagar . Economy of Kodagu is dependent on agriculture. Major crops grown here are Paddy, Coffee , Rubber, Pepper, Cardamom, Coorg Oranges and Honey production. Tea, Ginger and Cocoa are also grown in smaller quantities. Kodagu is the largest Coffee and Pepper producing district in India . Karnataka produces nearly 70% of
1500-514: The five APZs and IZs 1 & 2. The following are the planning/ development authorities functioning in the Bangalore Metropolitan Region (BMR): Government of Karnataka The Government of Karnataka , abbreviated as GoK or GoKA , formerly known as Government of Mysore (1956–1974), is a democratically elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka . The governor who
1550-444: The government of Karnataka, with Chairman S G Nanjaiahna Mutt and 6 members. The joint secretary of the committee was Dr. Revaiah Odeyar. The report was submitted on October 30, 2014. This resulted in the implementation of Gram Panchayath Elections in 2015. Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service (KPAS), is the civil service of Karnataka state. The Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department conducts exams to recruit candidates for
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1600-428: The governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great deal of legislative powers is vested.. The secretariat headed by the secretary to the governor assists the council of ministers. The council of ministers consists of cabinet ministers, ministers of state and deputy ministers. The chief minister
1650-625: The hilly eastern Karkanadu . According to the works of Sangam literature , Poozhinadu consisted much of the coastal belt between Mangalore and Kozhikode . Karkanadu consisted of Wayanad - Gudalur hilly region with parts of Kodagu (Coorg). The Haleri dynasty , an offshoot of the Keladi Nayakas , ruled Kodagu between 1600 and 1834. Later the British ruled Kodagu from 1834, after the Coorg War , until India's independence in 1947. A separate state (called Coorg State ) until then, in 1956 Kodagu
1700-423: The intention of making the government and requested the governor to allow him to form a government without the numbers though. Governor allowed him to take oath as Chief Minister on 17 May 2018 although his happiness was short-lived, as SC struck down 2 weeks of time provided by the governor for the floor test to just 2 days. He was forced to resign unable to prove the majority. After his resignation H. D. Kumaraswamy
1750-551: The landscape is the testimony of Muslim presence in the district. A small number of Mangalorean Catholics are also found in Coorg. They are mostly descended from those Konkani Catholics who fled the roundup and, later, captivity by Tippu Sultan . These immigrants were welcomed by Raja Veerarajendra (himself a former captive of Tippu Sultan, having escaped six years of captivity in 1788) who realising their usefulness and expertise as agriculturists, gave them lands and tax breaks and built
1800-399: The members is five years and the term of a member elected to the council is six years. The Legislative Council is a permanent body with one-third of its members retiring every two years. The government is headed by the governor who appoints the chief minister and their council of ministers. The governor is appointed for five years and acts as the constitutional head of the state. Even though
1850-457: The north, Mysore district to the east, Kasaragod district of Kerala in west and Kannur district of Kerala to the southwest, and Wayanad district of Kerala to the south. It is a hilly district, the lowest elevation being 50 metres (160 ft) above sea-level near makutta . The highest peak, Tadiandamol , rises to 1,750 metres (5,740 ft), with Pushpagiri , the second highest, at 1,715 metres (5,627 ft). The main river in Kodagu
1900-971: The officers of the Karnataka Forest Service and other Karnataka forest and wildlife officials. Sectoral development is looked after by the district head of each development department such as PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, etc. These officers belong to the State Services. The state is divided into 30 police districts, 77 sub-divisions, 178 circles, State Police consists of 20 police districts, 6 Police Commissioners at Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Belagavi, Hubli-Dharwad and Kalaburgi cities, 77 sub-divisions, 178 circles, 927 police stations, and 317 police outposts. There are seven ranges: Central Range at Bangalore, Eastern Range at Davanagere, Northern Range at Belagavi, Southern Range at Mysore and Western Range at Mangalore, North Eastern Range Kalaburgi and Ballari range. The government Railway Police
1950-630: The planning authorities setup in the region. BMRDA has its jurisdiction over the districts of Bangalore Urban , Bangalore Rural and Ramanagara . The Area Planning Zones (APZs) are areas where urban development is permitted subject to certain regulations. Interstitial Zones (IZs) are the areas lying between the APZs; here, urban activities are restricted, giving more emphasis to environmental issues like conservation of forested areas, agriculture, etc. For planned urban growth, local planning areas under Karnataka Town & Country Planning Act, 1961, are declared in
2000-529: The responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues of the district. The District SP is assisted by the officers of the Karnataka Police Service and other Karnataka Police officials. A Deputy Conservator of Forests, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service , is responsible for managing the forests, environment and wildlife related issues of the district. He is assisted by
2050-595: The second largest metropolitan area in India, after the Amaravati Metropolitan Region . Bangalore has also emerged as India's fifth largest metropolitan city by population (also the third largest city proper by population). Unlike the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) , the BMRDA does not have the power to acquire land. The total Metropolitan Region has a population of 1,17,00,000 BMRDA
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2100-567: The service. The KPAS officers are usually appointed as Panchayat Development Officers (PDOs). They are trained under the Abdul Nazeer Sab State Institute of Rural Development and Panchayat Raj (ANSSIRDPR), Mysuru. The Karnataka Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj Act, 1993 (5) was substituted by Act 44 of 2015 with effect from 25.02.2016, as follows: CHAPTER XVI 1 [Administration, Inspection, Supervision and Creation of Commissionerate of Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj] Section 232B of
2150-573: The total Coffee production in India , out of which 33% is contributed by Kodagu district alone. Also Kodagu produces nearly a quarter of India's Black Pepper. Two members of the legislative assembly are elected from Kodagu to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly, one each from the Madikeri and Virajpet . Dr. Mantar Gowda represents the Madikeri constituency while A.S Ponnanna represents
2200-554: The vast majority. They include the Kodava people, other Kodava language speakers, Arebhashe Gowdas, Brahmins, most Yeravas and Kurubas. A huge minority of Muslims dot the Coorg district, especially the towns of Kushalnagar , Virajpet and Mercara . A sizeable of them are the Nawayaths who shifted in the eighties from Bhatkal and Murdeshwar in order to pursue coffee & arecanut plantations and textile business. The numerous mosque dotting
2250-583: The ward members. Since the provision for setting up Ward Committees was only given in the municipal act meant for municipal corporations, only cities with population of 3 lakh or more were mandated to form them. In January 2020, the Urban Development Department of the Karnataka Government announced that Ward Committees would be formed in all urban local bodies in the state, irrespective of their population. A district of an Indian state
2300-434: The year 2018, Kodagu received 29% excess rainfall of 3,737 millimetres (147.1 in) , 3,040 millimetres (120 in) in 2019, 2,541 millimetres (100.0 in) in 2020, and 2,656 millimetres (104.6 in) in 2021. In the year 2022, Kodagu received 11% Above-Normal rainfall of 3,036 millimetres (119.5 in) . In the year 2023, it received 38% deficit rainfall of 1,690 millimetres (67 in) . Kodagu
2350-425: Was carved out of Bangalore district. In 1997, Bagalkot district was carved out of Vijayapura district, Chamrajnagar out of Mysore, Gadag out of Dharwad, Haveri out of Dharwad, Koppal out of Raichur, Udupi out of Dakshina Kannada and Yadgir out of Kalaburagi. Davanagere district was created from parts of Bellary, Chitradurga, Dharwad and Shimoga. In 2020, Vijayanagara district was carved out of Ballari district, to become
2400-542: Was merged with the Mysore State (now Karnataka ). In 1834, the East India Company annexed Kodagu into British India , after deposing Chikka Virarajendra of the Kodagu kingdom, as 'Coorg'. British rule led to the establishment of educational institutions, introduction of scientific coffee cultivation, better administration and improvement of the economy. This reference notwithstanding - we should remember that
2450-592: Was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 23 May 2018 with absolute majority support from Congress total of 117. In later bypolls JDS+Congress combine won 4 out of 5 seats 3MP & 2 MLA seats making the numbers up by 119. On 23 July 2019 the government headed by H. D. Kumaraswamy fell short of majority in the trust vote due to the resignation of 17 MLAs from the Congress and the JDS. B. S. Yeddiyurappa once again took oath as
2500-474: Was transferred from Madras state to Mysore in 1953, when the new Andhra State was created out of Madras' northern districts. Kodagu became a district, and Dakshina Kannada (South Kanara) district was transferred from Madras state , Uttara Kannada (North Kanara), Dharwad , Belgaum District , and Bijapur District from Bombay state , and Bidar District , Kalaburgi District , and Raichur District from Hyderabad state. In 1989, Bangalore Rural district
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