84-595: The Athena School is an independent, co-educational school for Preschool to Year 10 students located in Newtown , an inner western suburb of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia. The school is registered by the NSW Education Standards Authority and is a member of the NSW Association of Independent Schools. The teaching approaches of the school are based on the works of L. Ron Hubbard . The school
168-594: A brick house for Bennelong at the site of the present Sydney Opera House at Tubowgulle , (Bennelong Point). The hut was demolished five years later. When the First Fleet of 1,300 convicts, guards, and administrators arrived in January 1788, the Eora numbered about 1,500. By early 1789 frequent remarks were made of great numbers of decomposed bodies of Eora natives which settlers and sailors came across on beaches, in coves and in
252-522: A house of 1½ width at the corner of the street, this last being a commercial premises, or "corner store". During the Federation period, single-storey row houses became increasingly common. This preponderance of small houses is indicative of the working-class employment of most Newtown residents, many of whom worked in the city or at local shops, factories, warehouses, brickyards and at the nearby Eveleigh Railway Workshops . Retail and service trades dominated
336-438: A large proportion of Newtown's residents lived in terrace houses of the cheapest possible construction. Many of these terraces were "two-up two-down", with rear kitchen, some having adjoining walls only one brick thick and a continuous shared roof space. Hundreds of these terrace houses still remain, generally 4 metres (13 ft) wide. It was not uncommon for speculative builders to build a row of these small houses terminating in
420-530: A measles epidemic. Camperdown Cemetery remains, though much reduced in size, as a rare example of mid-19th-century cemetery landscaping. It retains the Cemetery Lodge, a huge fig tree dating from 1848, as well as a number of oak trees of the same date. It survived to become the main green space of Newtown. Among the notable persons buried in the cemetery are explorer-surveyor Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell , Major Edmund Lockyer and Mary, Lady Jamison (widow of
504-447: A non-Aboriginal man/woman. Whereas the primary sources, Troy, and Attenbrow only use the word "Eora" or its reference form yura in its original sense "people" or "Aboriginal people", from 1899 onwards non-Aboriginal authors start using the word as an ethnonym, in the sense "Aboriginal people of Sydney", despite the lack of evidence for this use. In two journal articles published in 1899, Wentworth-Bucknell and Thornton give "Ea-ora" as
588-570: A number of churches were established, including St Joseph's Roman Catholic church in the 1850s, the Methodist church on King Street, now Newtown Mission, and the Baptist church in Church Street. The present St Stephen's Anglican church, a fine example of Victorian Gothic architecture , was designed, like its predecessor, by Blacket, and built in the grounds of the cemetery between 1871 and 1880. Both it and
672-1164: A place to commit crime and evade motorised patrols. Homes in these areas are owned by either the Department of Housing or the Aboriginal Housing Office. The complexes take up a significant amount of Newtown’s Indigenous Australian population. The SA1 covering the Golden Grove housing estate according to the 2016 census, is the suburbs most economically/socially disadvantaged. Department of Housing sites in Newtown: 8 Prefabricated terraces, 7 walk-up flats, 250–350 residents. Alice Street/Camden Street 9 Prefabricated walk-up flats, 75–120 residents. Alice Street/Hawken Street corner 13 Prefabricated walk-up flats, 1 6-story tower block, 300–500 residents. Forbes Street/Golden Grove Street/Darlington Road 1 9-story tower block, numerous Victorian terrace houses, 170–240 residents. Station Street/Reiby Lane corner As well as numerous Victorian terrace houses and walk-up flat developments scattered around
756-789: A plan was discussed to rename the council area "South Sydney" (as three municipalities North of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) had merged to form North Sydney three years earlier), but nothing came of it. Although there are a few earlier buildings in Newtown, the most rapid development came in the late 19th century, with many former farms and other large properties being subdivided and developed as row-houses, known popularly as "terrace houses". With their predominance of Victorian-era houses with stuccoed facades, balconies of iron lace and moulded architectural ornaments, many Newtown streets are similar to those of other well-known inner-city suburbs like Glebe , Paddington and Balmain . From about 1870 onwards,
840-508: A rejuvenation of the building. Eora The Eora / jʊər ɑː / (also Yura ) are an Aboriginal Australian people of New South Wales . Eora is the name given by the earliest European settlers to a group of Aboriginal people belonging to the clans along the coastal area of what is now known as the Sydney basin, in New South Wales , Australia . The Eora share a language with
924-416: A reputation as a bohemian centre and the gay and lesbian population also increased. The 1980s was the period that probably saw the greatest diversity in Newtown. At this time, cheap housing was still available. During the 1990s many long-established businesses closed, including Brennan's Department Store, a charming old-fashioned department store founded in the 19th century, and one of the last relics of
SECTION 10
#17328593173491008-402: A sense by others that these words now represent a part of Aboriginal culture in the 21st century. It seems clear that with each new piece of research the issue remains confusing with layer upon layer of interpretation based on the same lack of original information. This is exacerbated where writers make up names for their own problem-solving convenience. In the absence of factual evidence, it seems
1092-462: A sizeable migrant community. In 1968, a controversial redistribution of local government boundaries by the Askin state Liberal government saw part of Newtown become part of Marrickville Council . From the 1970s, as the post-war population prospered, raised families and aged, many moved to outlying suburbs to build larger houses, resulting in a supply of relatively cheap terrace houses and cottages entered
1176-782: A thriving retail precinct and the area was soon dotted with factories, workshops, warehouses and commercial and retail premises of all kinds and sizes. Several major industries were established in the greater Newtown area from the late 19th century, including the Eveleigh Railway Workshops , the IXL jam and preserves factory in North Newtown/ Darlington , the St Peters brickworks and the Fowler Potteries in Camperdown. Newtown
1260-414: A time limit on formal battles engaged to settle inter-tribal grievances. Such fights were regulated to begin late in the afternoon, and to cease shortly after twilight. When the colony was first established at Sydney Cove, the Eora were at first bewildered by settlers wreaking havoc on their trees and landscape. They were disconcerted by the suspicion these visitors were ghosts, whose sex was unknown, until
1344-535: A wide intersection of King Street and Missenden Road, was stripped of all its original Art Deco tiles and had its upper floor substantially damaged before protests to the council prevented this being taken further. One of the major architectural conservation projects in Newtown in recent years has been the restoration of the Trocadero dance hall in King Street North. This large entertainment venue opened in 1889 and
1428-513: Is a method of study, it is not teaching Scientology." In 2015 the school started a "green school" program with Street Coolers, a community-focused organisation with a mission to cool our urban areas. This involved the school utilising several machines capable of creating several kilograms of compost per day, a reverse-vending machine open to the public, which allows individuals to recycle plastic bottles and aluminium cans for coupons, as well as energy and weather monitoring to assess power usage and how
1512-555: Is composed of sandstone coastal outcrops and ridges, coves, mangrove swamps, creeks and tidal lagoons, was estimated by Norman Tindale to extend over some 700 square miles (1,800 km ), from Port Jackson's northern shores up to the Hawkesbury River plateau's margins, around Pittwater . Its southern borders were as far as Botany Bay and the Georges River . Westwards it extended to Parramatta . In terms of tribal boundaries,
1596-419: Is home to some public housing pockets built throughout the late 1960s to the 1970s, mainly consisting of unit complexes with walk-up apartments, extensive townhouses and tower blocks closely built together on small blocks of land, resided by the suburbs 1000 social housing tenants. These housing complexes dominate the housing stock on some of Newtown streets. The large housing estates gradually shrunk as many of
1680-607: Is licensed by Applied Scholastics , a company wholly owned by the Church of Scientology , which licenses the study methods of Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard . The school asserts it's affiliation with Scientology is non-religious. Since 2007, all teachers are registered with the Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards. The Athena School follows the guidelines set out by the NSW Board of Studies in its curriculum. In March 2010
1764-528: Is on the Leppington & Inner West Line and Liverpool & Inner West Line of the Sydney Trains network. The station opened in 1855, as one of the original four intermediate stations on the Sydney to Parramatta railway line (the others being Ashfield , Burwood and Homebush ), and it was soon serviced by ten steam trains a day. In 1878 the station was moved from Station Street to its current location by
SECTION 20
#17328593173491848-463: Is one of the last 19th-century dance halls still standing in Sydney. Over the years it functioned variously as a dance hall, a skating rink, a cinema, a boxing and vaudeville venue, a bicycle factory and a motor body works. From 1920 onward it was owned by the Grace Bros retail company, and several sections were leased out as shops or accommodation. For many years the shopfront on the northern side of
1932-516: The Darug people, whose traditional lands lie further inland, to the west of the Eora. Contact with the first white settlement's bridgehead into Australia quickly devastated much of the population through epidemics of smallpox and other diseases. Their descendants live on, though their languages, social system, way of life and traditions are mostly lost. Radiocarbon dating suggests human activity occurred in and around Sydney for at least 30,000 years, in
2016-461: The Dee Why lagoons furnished abundant food, culled seasonally. Summer foods consisted of oyster, netted mullet caught in nets, with fat fish caught on a line and larger fish taken on burley and speared from rock ledges. As summer drew to an end, feasting on turtle was a prized occasion. In winter, one foraged for and hunted possum , echidna , fruit bats , wallaby and kangaroo . The Eora placed
2100-467: The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia , which has been widely circulated by AIATSIS . Kohen proposes that "Eora" is derived from "e" meaning "yes" and "ora" meaning "country". Given that there is no primary evidence for the derivation of the word, this theory remains speculation. Contemporary linguistic analysis of the primary evidence does not support this theory either. The only primary source for
2184-668: The Greens New South Wales party lodged an official complaint about the school to the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission due to an advertising leaflet which fails to reveal the school's link to Scientology. The Principal of the school said the Applied Scholastics study method did not teach the Scientology religion, "We follow the Board of Studies curriculum. We use the study method of L. Ron Hubbard. It
2268-745: The Inner West . The first indigenous Australian to receive a Christian burial was Tommy, an 11-year-old boy who died of bronchitis in the Sydney Infirmary . He was buried in Camperdown Cemetery , in a section now located outside the wall. The cemetery also contains a sandstone obelisk erected in 1944 by the Rangers League of NSW, in memory of Tommy and three other indigenous Australians buried there: Mogo, William Perry and Wandelina Cabrorigirel, although their graves are no longer identifiable. When
2352-701: The Kuringgai lay to the north: on the Western edges were the Darug ; and to the south, around Kundul were the Gwiyagal , a northern clan of the Tharawal . Their clan identification, belonging to numerous groups of about 50 members, overrode more general Eora loyalties, according to Governor Phillip , a point first made by David Collins and underlined decades later by a visiting Russian naval officer, Aleksey Rossiysky in 1814, who wrote: each man considers his own community to be
2436-487: The Upper Paleolithic period. However, numerous Aboriginal stone tools found in Sydney's far western suburbs gravel sediments were dated to be from 45,000 to 50,000 years BP , which would mean that humans could have been in the region earlier than thought. The word "Eora" has been used as an ethnonym by non-Aboriginal people since 1899, despite there being "no evidence that Aboriginal people had used it in 1788 as
2520-596: The local government areas of the City of Sydney and Inner West Council in the state of New South Wales , Australia. King Street is the main street of Newtown and centre of commercial and entertainment activity. The street follows the spine of a long ridge that rises up near the University of Sydney and extends to the south, becoming the Princes Highway at its southern end. Enmore Road branches off King Street towards
2604-535: The traditional owners of the lands within our boundaries, the 29 clan groups of the Eora Nation. […] The dilemma in using terms "coined by 19th century anthropologists (e.g. Daruk) or modified from their original meaning (e.g. Eora)" is discussed at length by the Aboriginal Heritage Office: There is a move away from using words like Eora, Dharug, Guringai among some of those involved but still
Athena School - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-562: The 1990s, Newtown High School was chosen by the NSW Department of Education as the site for a new specialised performing arts high school, which would combine traditional academic subjects with music and theatrical performance education. The school was renamed Newtown High School of the Performing Arts . Prior to becoming Newtown High School, it was Newtown Junior Technical School (the "tech") that educated boys from 1st Year to 3rd Year at
2772-449: The 20th century is the site of the former Burland Community Hall, on King St. In the early 20th century the site was occupied by the original Hub Theatre. From the mid-20th century it was occupied by an Art Deco -style cinema operated by the Hoyts cinema chain. In the mid-1960s the cinema was converted into a community hall and it was renamed Burland Community Hall in 1965. For years it was
2856-611: The Alpha House and Beta House apartment complexes on King Street , which were formerly both multi-storey warehouses. Prior to becoming apartments, Alpha and Beta house became two artist warehouses that accommodated the birthing of many national and international performing arts companies and artists. One such company, " Legs on the Wall ", was created in Beta House. Newtown has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Newtown railway station
2940-565: The Darug (also possibly Tharawal ) language and include: dingo = dingu ; woomera= wamara ; boomerang=combining wamarang and bumarit , two sword-like fighting sticks; corroboree = garabara ; wallaby , wombat , waratah , and boobook (owl). The Australian bush term bogey (to bathe) comes from a Port Jackson Dharuk root buugi- . In December 2020, Olivia Fox sang a version of Australia's national anthem in Eora at Tri Nations Test match between Australia and Argentina. Eora territory
3024-471: The Newtown area took its name from a grocery store opened there by John and Margaret Webster in 1832, at a site close to where the Newtown railway station stands today. They placed a sign atop their store that read "New Town Stores". Captain Sylvester John Browne, father of Thomas Alexander Browne ("Rolf Boldrewood"), built "Newtown House" in the area around the same time, which has also been cited as
3108-631: The area include the Athena School . The University of Sydney 's Centre for Continuing Education provides adult education open to the general public. In part because of its industrial and commercial history, the Newtown area contains many pubs . These include a number of late-Victorian establishments and several in an Art Deco style from the mid-20th century. In July 2000, one of these, "The Marlborough", called by historian Chrys Meader "the Gateway to Newtown" because of its visually commanding appearance at
3192-469: The area now falling within the present boundaries of Newtown, north of King Street, was originally part of Camperdown . This area was named by Governor William Bligh , who received it as a land grant in 1806 and passed it to his daughter and son-in-law on his return to England in 1810. In 1848 part of this land was acquired by the Sydney Church of England Cemetery Company to create a general cemetery beyond
3276-406: The bays and harbours in their bark canoes. The Eora people did not grow or plant crops; although the women picked herbs which were used in herbal remedies . They made extensive use of rock shelters, many of which were later destroyed by settlers who mined them for their rich concentrations of phosphates, which were then used for manure. Wetland management was important: Queenscliff , Curl Curl and
3360-583: The bays. Canoes, commonly seen being paddled around the harbor of Port Jackson, had disappeared. The Sydney natives called the disease that was wiping them out ( gai-galla ) and what was diagnosed as a smallpox epidemic in April 1789 effectively decimated the Port Jackson tribes. Robert King states that of an estimated 2,000 Eora, half (Bennelong's contemporary estimate ) were decimated by the contagion. Smallpox and other introduced disease, together with starvation from
3444-530: The best. When he chances to meet a fellow-countryman from another community, and if someone speaks well of the other man, he will invariably start to abuse him, saying that he is reputed to be a cannibal, robber, great coward and so forth. Eora is used specifically of the people around the first area of white settlement in Sydney. The generic term Eora generally is used with a wider denotation to embrace some 29 clans. The sizes of these clans could range from 20 to 60 but averaged around 50 members. -gal denominates
Athena School - Misplaced Pages Continue
3528-455: The boundary of the City of Sydney. Camperdown Cemetery , one block away from King Street, was to become significant in the life of the suburb. Between its consecration in 1849 and its closure to further sales in 1868 it saw 15,000 burials of people from all over Sydney. Of that number, approximately half were paupers buried in unmarked and often communal graves, sometimes as many as 12 in a day during
3612-656: The building housed Maurice's Lebanese Restaurant, commemorated in John Kennedy's "On King St, I'm A King". The building was purchased by Moore Theological College in 1974, and from 1981 to 1994 it housed the Con Dellis used furniture store, but all occupation ceased after that time. Fortunately, a sympathetic restoration program during 2005–06 by Moore College has returned this outstanding 19th-century building, including its elaborate Flemish-style facade, to its former glory. One Newtown landmark that has undergone many changes during
3696-637: The cemetery are on the National Trust register of buildings of national significance. Its Mears and Stainbank carillon is unique in Australia, while its Walker and Sons organ of 1874 is regarded as one of the finest in New South Wales. On 12 December 1862 the Municipality of Newtown was incorporated and divided into three wards: O'Connell, Kingston and Enmore, covering 480 acres (194.25 ha). In 1893
3780-417: The city and outwards to Tempe , Dulwich Hill and Canterbury , respectively. Since then the 423 service from the city to Kingsgrove Bus Depot via Newtown has been added. There is also the 352 service that goes east through Surry Hills to Bondi Junction and the 370 service running north to the University of Sydney and Glebe Point and south-east to the University of New South Wales and Coogee . In
3864-419: The clan or extendeds family group affixed to the place name. The Wangal, Wallumettagal and Burramattagal constituted the three Parramatta saltwater peoples. It has been suggested that these had a matrilineal pattern of descent. The traditional Eora people were largely coastal dwellers and lived mainly from the produce of the sea. They were expert in close-to-shore navigation, fishing, cooking, and eating in
3948-483: The colonial pioneer landowner, physician, constitutional reformer and "knight of the realm", Sir John Jamison ), and Eliza Emily Donnithorne , recluse and rumoured inspiration for Miss Havisham . The cemetery also holds the remains of many of the victims of the wreck of the Dunbar in 1857. From 1845, when the first Anglican church was built on the site of the present Community Centre on Stephen Street, by Edmund Blacket ,
4032-480: The cottage of Reibey's dairyman survives, a little further down the street. One of the most impressive surviving sets of 19th-century housing in Newtown is the imposing terrace of five elegant five-storey mansions running along Warren Ball Avenue in North Newtown, facing onto Hollis Park. From the late 19th century onwards, the Newtown area became a major commercial and industrial centre. King Street developed into
4116-463: The delight of recognition ensued when one sailor dropped his pants to clarify their perplexity. There were 17 encounters in the first month, as the Eora sought to defend their territorial and fishing rights. Misunderstandings were frequent: Governor Phillip mistook scarring on women's temples as proof of men's mistreatment, when it was a trace of mourning practices. From the outset, the colonizers kidnapped Eora to train them to be intermediaries between
4200-457: The ear, being in many instances expressive and sonorous", by David Collins . It became extinct after the first two generations, and has been partially reconstructed in some general outlines from the many notes made of it by the original colonists, in particular from the notebooks of William Dawes , who picked up the languages spoken by the Eora from his companion Patyegarang . Some of the words of Aboriginal language still in use today are from
4284-584: The end of which they gained the Intermediate Certificate unless they had already left school at the age of 15. Girls of the same age group were educated in the southern part of Newtown Public School. The primary public school was segregated with the boys part facing Newman St opposite the tannery works that often omitted obnoxious odours.' (From "Prior to...odours" it is based on personal knowledge through living in Newtown and attending those schools.) Primary and infants school include: Private schools in
SECTION 50
#17328593173494368-636: The epidemic. It has been suggested that either rogue convicts/settlers or the governing authority itself spread the smallpox when ammunition stocks ran low and muskets, when not faulty, proved inadequate to defend the outpost. It is known that several officers of the Fleet had experience of war in North America where using smallpox to diminish tribes had been used as early as 1763. Several foreign reports, independent of English sources, such as those of Alexandro Malaspina in 1793 and Louis de Freycinet in 1802 give
4452-437: The fork of King Street and Enmore Road. Until the 1960s, when trams were phased out in Sydney, Newtown was a major hub for train-tram transfers; several regular electric tram services were centred there and the old Newtown Tram Depot (long vacant and now largely derelict) still stands next to the station. The long-abandoned former office buildings of the tram depot (adjacent to the current station entrance) were renovated during
4536-474: The heyday of Victorian commerce in Newtown. Many homes have been restored and remain examples of 19th-century architecture in Sydney. Like other similar inner-Sydney suburbs (most notably Paddington and Glebe ), gentrification has led to another shift in Newtown's demographics. From the 1970s onwards, many major industrial and commercial sites in the area were closed or vacated. Many of these former commercial sites have since been redeveloped as housing such as
4620-546: The homes were demolished and or reverted to private ownership as the surrounding area slowly went through gentrification . Most complexes were built with Radburn principles , with prefabricated walk-up flats and apartment blocks accessed by communal pathways and courtyards separated from roads, creating densely populated concentrations of disadvantage. The Radburn design has been widely criticised in outer-suburbs estates, allegedly contributing to some fire hazards and social problems with isolated areas giving local criminals
4704-462: The impression that the settlers' relations with the Eora who survived the epidemic were generally amenable. Governor Phillip chose not to retaliate after he was speared by Willemering at Kayemai (Manly Cove) on 7 September 1790, in the presence of Bennelong who had, in the meantime, "gone bush". Governor William Bligh wrote in 1806: "Much has been said about the propriety of their being compelled to work as Slaves, but as I have ever considered them
4788-543: The lack of evidence for the use of the word "Eora" as an ethnonym, Aboriginal people in Sydney have also begun to use the word as such. For example, in the Metropolitan Local Aboriginal Land Council 's Protocols for welcome to country and acknowledgement , the Council gives this example acknowledgement of country: The Metropolitan Local Aboriginal Land Council and its members would like to acknowledge
4872-456: The largest and most important houses, such as "Erskine Villa" (formerly on Erskineville Road, and which gave its name to the suburb of Erskineville ), were demolished and the estates subdivided. Another loss was the home of Mary Reibey in Station Street, which was acquired by the Department of Housing in 1964, demolished in 1967, and replaced with an 8-story public housing tower block. Only
4956-417: The mayor. Devine's heir, John Devine, a coachbuilder of Birmingham, challenged the will, which was blatantly fraudulent. The "Newtown Ejectment Case" was eventually settled out of court by the payment to Devine of an unknown sum of money said to have been "considerable". The land was further divided into housing that is now evidenced by the rows of terrace houses and commercial and industrial premises. Part of
5040-514: The media due to the large number of cafés, pubs and restaurants of various cultures. Cafés, restaurants and galleries can also be found in the streets surrounding King Street. The area known as Newtown was part of a broader area where the Cadigal tribe of the Eora people lived, who ranged across the entire area from the southern shores of Sydney Harbour to Botany Bay in the south-east and Petersham in
5124-415: The name of a language or group of people inhabiting the Sydney peninsula". Since the late 20th century it has also come to be used as an ethnonym by Aboriginal people too. The word first appears in the wordlists of First Fleet officers, where it was mostly translated as "men" or "people": Collins's wordlist is the only original wordlist that does not translate the term as "men" or "people"; however, in
SECTION 60
#17328593173495208-490: The name of the "tribe" who inhabited " Port Jackson " and "the Sydney district" respectively, and this definition appears to be copied directly in a 1908 wordlist. Attenbrow points out that none of these authors clarify the geographic area that they describe, and none state their source. Despite the lack of evidence for its use as an ethnonym, the word is used as such by Tindale (1974) in his Aboriginal Tribes of Australia , and Horton (1994) in his map of Aboriginal Australia in
5292-469: The names were transcribed from the records onto the monument, there was an error in deciphering the flowing hand in which many of the original burial dockets were written. It is now known that the fourth name was not Wandelina Cabrorigirel , but Mandelina (Aboriginal). King street, Newtown's main street, reputedly follows an Aboriginal track that branched out from the main western track, now beneath Broadway and Parramatta Road , and which continued all
5376-416: The plundering of their fish resources, is said to have accounted for the virtual extinction of the 30–50 strong Cadigal clan on the peninsula ( kattai ) between Sydney Cove and South Head. J. L. Kohen estimates that between 50 and 90 percent of members of local tribes died during the first three years of settlement. No settler child showed any symptoms of the disease. The English rebuffed any responsibility for
5460-582: The real Proprietors of the Soil, I have never suffered any restraint whatever on these lines, or suffered any injury to be done to their persons or property." Governor Macquarie established a Native Institution to house aboriginal and also Māori children to civilize them, on the condition they could only be visited by their parents on one day, 28 December, a year. It proved a disaster, and many children died there. Aboriginal people continued to camp in central Sydney until they were evicted from their camps, such as
5544-418: The renovation and rebuilding of Newtown Station and how house a café and restaurant. This extensive renovation, completed in 2012, greatly improved commuter access to the station platforms (which lie in a deep cutting under King Street) including additional stairways and a disabled-accessible elevator, although the renovation works and the layout of the new station entrance blocked the old tram-line entry way into
5628-457: The rental market. Because of its proximity to the expanding University of Sydney and the Sydney central business district , along with the comparatively low rents, Newtown began to attract university students in the 1960s and 1970s. The area became a centre for student share-households in Sydney and the development of cafés, pubs and restaurants made it a mecca for many young people. Newtown gained
5712-573: The settlers and the indigenous people. The first man to suffer this fate was the Guringai Arabanoo , who died soon after in the smallpox epidemic of 1789. Several months later, Bennelong and Colebee were captured for a similar purpose. Colebee escaped, but Bennelong stayed for several months, learning more about British food needs, etiquette, weaponry and hierarchy than anything the British garnered from conversing with him. Eventually Phillip built
5796-399: The source of the name. The name New Town was adopted, at first unofficially, with the space disappearing to form the name Newtown. This account of the origins of the suburb's name has been disputed by other historians, given evidence that the names "Newtown" and "New Town" were in use some years before Webster opened his store. The part of Newtown lying south of King Street was a portion of
5880-818: The suburb increasingly throughout this period, with tradesmen and shopkeepers together accounting for 70–75% of the working population. During the late 19th century and early 20th century, Newtown prospered, so much so that in the Jubilee Souvenir of the Municipality of Newtown , published in 1912, it was described as "one of the most wealthy suburbs around Sydney". A number of imposing Victorian mansions were built on larger estates, as well as rows of larger and more stylish terrace houses in certain areas such as Georgina Street in North Newtown and Holmwood Street in South Newtown. As in many other historic areas of Sydney, some of
5964-478: The suburb of Enmore at Newtown Bridge, where the road passes over the Main Suburban railway line at Newtown railway station . Enmore Road and King Street together comprise 9.1 kilometres of over 600 shopfronts. The main shopping strip of Newtown is the longest and most complete commercial precinct of the late Victorian and Federation period in Australia. King Street is often referred to as "Eat Street" in
6048-466: The suburbs streets. Although it prospered in the late 19th century, during the first half of the 20th century, and especially during the Depression , like many inner-city Sydney suburbs such as Glebe and Paddington , the area became increasingly run down as wealthy Sydneysiders preferred to settle in newer and more prestigious areas. In 1949, Newtown was incorporated into the City of Sydney . Newtown
6132-429: The temptation to fill the void with something else becomes very strong and this does not appear to be done in consultation with Aboriginal people who then inherit the problem. The language spoken by the Eora has, since the time of R. H. Mathews , been called Dharug , which generally refers to what is known as the inland variety, as opposed to the coastal form Iyora (or Eora). It was described as "extremely grateful to
6216-417: The terms wadyiman , djaraba , djibagalung , and barawalgal . The distinction between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people, observed by Troy and the primary sources, is also found in other Australian languages. For example, Giacon observes that Yuwaalaraay speakers used different lexical items for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons: dhayn / yinarr for an Aboriginal man/woman, and wanda/wadjiin for
6300-525: The text of his Account , Collins uses the word to mean "black men", specifically in contrast to white men: Conversing with Bennilong … [I observed] that all the white men here came from England. I then asked him where the black men (or Eora) came from? In The Sydney Language (1994), Troy respells the word "Eora" as yura and translates it as "people, or Aboriginal people". In addition to this entry for "people, or Aboriginal people", Troy also gives an entry for "non-Aboriginal person", for which she lists
6384-416: The tram sheds, effectively cutting off direct vehicular access from King St into the tram sheds (which still lie vacant and derelict as of mid-2017). Transdev John Holland and Transit Systems operate buses through Newtown. The trams were replaced by bus services that inherited the old route numbers – 422, 426, 428 – and follow the old tram routes that run along King Street and Enmore Road, going inwards to
6468-476: The two estates granted by Governor Arthur Phillip to the Superintendent of Convicts, Nicholas Devine , in 1794 and 1799. Parts of Macdonaldtown (now Erskineville ) and Golden Grove were also once part of Devine's grant. In 1827, when Devine was aged about 90, this land was acquired from him by a convict, Bernard Rochford, who sold it to many of Sydney's wealthiest and most influential inhabitants, including
6552-475: The venue for community events such as dances, concerts, film screenings, meetings, parties, wedding receptions and a community market. In 1986 its upper floor was taken over for the Newtown branch of the City of Sydney Library network, following the decision by Marrickville Council to close its Newtown library branch due to budgetary constraints. In 1995 the library moved to new premises in the former Salvation Army Citadel in nearby Brown Street, and Burland Hall
6636-510: The way to the coastal plains around Botany Bay . This conflicts with other claims that the main western track was a barrier which divided the land. Newtown was established as a residential and farming area in the early 19th century. Nicholas Devine , the first principal superintendent of convicts called his property Burren Farm, after a region of County Clare in his native Ireland. Burren Farm would later become parts of Newtown and Macdonaldtown (now Erskineville ). Some histories say that
6720-422: The weather affects this. This article related to a New South Wales school is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Scientology -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Newtown, New South Wales Newtown , a suburb of Sydney's inner west , is located approximately four kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district , straddling
6804-576: The word "country", the anonymous vocabulary (ca. 1790–1792), records the word three times: twice with an initial nasal consonant ( no-rār , we-ree norar ), and only once with an initial vowel ( warr-be-rong orah ), although in that case it occurs immediately after a nasal consonant and almost certainly represents an inconsistency in transcription. Indeed, Troy gives an initial nasal consonant in her reference form nura for "place or country", which agrees with her and others' observation that "Australian languages do not usually have initial vowels". Despite
6888-487: Was originally a relatively prosperous suburb, the legacy of which is the numerous lavish Victorian mansions still standing in the area. However, many parts of Newtown had gradually become a working-class enclave, and for much of the 20th century, Newtown was a low-income blue-collar suburb, often denigrated as a slum . In the post-war period, the low rents and house prices attracted newly arrived European migrants, and Newtown's population changed radically, becoming home to
6972-461: Was redeveloped into offices and retail premises. One of the most notable local landmarks is the Hub Theatre opposite Newtown Station, next to the old Newtown Town Hall. The original Hub stood at, before moving to its present location, on the site of an earlier vaudeville theatre. It was converted to a cinema in the 1930. From the early 1970s, with the relaxation of Australia's censorship laws, it
7056-499: Was used to screen pornographic films and stage live "adult" sex shows, including the long running "Little French Maid". The Hub closed as a "porno" venue in the early 1990s and has been mostly vacant ever since; the owners of the Dendy chain tried to secure the venue for its Newtown cinema but were unsuccessful. Recently, the Hub has been home to live comedy shows and other such performances, seeing
#348651