37-430: Arthur West Haddan (31 August 1816 – 8 February 1873) was an English churchman and academic, of High Church Anglican views, now remembered as an ecclesiastical historian, particularly for Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents relating to Great Britain and Ireland , written with William Stubbs . He was born at Woodford, Essex , the son of Thomas Haddan, solicitor, and Mary Ann his wife and second cousin, whose maiden name
74-438: A king and his nobles was actually very small (case in point, Henry IV , 1399–1413). Historians like Michael Hicks , Rosemary Horrox and notably May McKisack , have pushed this view further. J. W. Burrow proposed that Stubbs, like John Richard Green and Edward Augustus Freeman , was an historical scholar with little or no experience of public affairs, with views of the present which were romantically historicised and who
111-407: A distinct step in the advance of English historical learning. It was followed by its companion volume of Select Charters and Other Illustrations of English Constitutional History . By Stubbs's contemporaries and after his death, Stubbs was considered to have been in the front rank of historical scholars both as an author and a critic, and as a master of every department of the historian's work, from
148-414: A first-class in classics and a second in mathematics, proceeded M.A. in due course, and took the degree of B.D. After graduating he applied himself to theology, and in 1839 was elected to the university Johnson theological scholarship, and to a fellowship at his college. He was deeply affected by the religious revival at Oxford, and was much influenced by Isaac Williams , then a tutor of Trinity. At Trinity
185-551: A member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1897. Until Stubbs found it necessary to devote all his time to his episcopal duties, he had concentrated on historical study. He argued that the theory of the unity and continuity of history should not remove distinctions between ancient and modern history. He believed that work on ancient history is a useful preparation for the study of modern history, but either may advantageously be studied apart. He also believed that
222-609: A post he held until his death. Smith published the first of several school dictionaries in 1850, and in 1853 began the Principia series, which marked an advance in the school teaching of Greek and Latin. Then came the Student's Manuals of History and Literature , of which the English literature volume went into 13 editions. He himself wrote the Greek history volume. He was joined in the venture by
259-539: A short Life by Haddan's brother Thomas, an obituary article from the Guardian newspaper of 12 February 1873 by Richard William Church , dean of St. Paul's , and a list of works. William Stubbs William Stubbs HonFRSE (21 June 1825 – 22 April 1901) was an English historian and Anglican bishop. He was Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford between 1866 and 1884. He
296-444: A theological career, he instead became articled to a solicitor. Meanwhile, he taught himself classics in his spare time, and when he entered University College London carried off both the Greek and Latin prizes. He was entered at Gray's Inn in 1830, but gave up his legal studies for a post at University College School and began to write on classical subjects. Smith next turned his attention to lexicography . His first attempt
333-668: Is in Freeman...of the three the most purely a narrative historian, that the strains are most apparent. William Smith (lexicographer) Sir William Smith (20 May 1813 – 7 October 1893) was an English lexicographer . He became known for his advances in the teaching of Greek and Latin in schools. Smith was born in Enfield in 1813 to Nonconformist parents. He attended the Madras House school of John Allen in Hackney. Originally destined for
370-536: Is not entirely unquestionable. Some modern historians have questioned his acceptance of some medieval chronicles, written by monastical scribes whose views would be, to some extent, influenced by the politics of the Catholic Church. One such criticism was Stubbs's tirade against William Rufus whose character was much-maligned by the chroniclers perhaps due to his opposition to Gregorian reforms during his reign, which led to Archbishop Anselm going into exile. Among
407-619: The Library of Anglo-Catholic Theology . From the date of its first publication in 1846 he wrote much for The Guardian , the High Church weekly, and he also sent many reviews to the Christian Remembrancer . The judgment on the Gorham case in 1850 troubled him, and for a while he doubted whether he could conscientiously accept a benefice; he found satisfaction through studying the foundation of
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#1732851317256444-770: The University of Kyiv , and of the Prussian , Bavarian and Danish academies; he received the Prussian order Pour le Mérite , and was corresponding member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques of the French Institute . Stubbs was elected an International Honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1881, an International Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1891, and
481-663: The University of London , and on retirement he became a member of the Senate. He sat on the Committee enquiring into questions of copyright and was for several years registrar of the Royal Literary Fund . He edited Gibbon , with Guizot 's and Milman 's notes, in 1854–1855. Smith was named a DCL by the University of Oxford and Trinity College Dublin . A knighthood was conferred on him in 1892. He died on 7 October 1893 in London, and
518-539: The Church of England's claims. Some of the results of his studies on this subject were afterwards embodied in his book on the apostolic succession in the Church of England. In this work, besides stating the nature of the doctrine, its importance, and its scriptural basis, he refuted the Nag's Head fable , which he had already worked on in his edition of John Bramhall 's works, concluding the validity of Anglican orders. In 1847 Haddan
555-609: The archbishop in the trial of Edward King , Bishop of Lincoln . An attack of illness in November 1900 seriously impaired Stubbs's health. He was able, however, to attend the funeral of Queen Victoria on 2 February 1901, and preached a remarkable sermon before King Edward VII and the German Emperor Wilhelm II on the following day. Stubbs's illness became critical on 20 April. He died in Cuddesdon on 22 April 1901. Stubbs
592-481: The college living of Barton-on-the-Heath in Warwickshire , and left Oxford to reside there with two sisters. He was appointed Bampton Lecturer in 1863, but was forced to resign the appointment by ill-health. Early in 1869 he brought out, in conjunction with William Stubbs, the first volume of the major work, Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents , founded on the collections of Henry Spelman and David Wilkins . For
629-409: The contents of this volume he was mainly responsible, and during that and the following year he assisted in the preparation of the third volume; but his health was failing, and the publication of the second volume, which fell to him, was delayed. The part of this volume which is devoted to the early Irish church, and required research into language as well as history, occupied him during his last days. At
666-426: The discovery of materials to the elaboration of well founded theories and literary production. He was a good palaeographer , and excelled in textual criticism, in examination of authorship, and other such matters, while his vast erudition and retentive memory made him second to none in interpretation and exposition. His merits as an author are often judged solely by his Constitutional History . However, Stubbs's work
703-470: The effect of the tractarian movement was to lead some adherents to the study of history in order, in the first instance, to maintain the historical position and claims of the church. Haddan was a loyal Anglican who defended its apostolic character. Having been ordained deacon on his fellowship in 1840, he acted for about a year as curate of the church of St. Mary the Virgin, Oxford , to John Henry Newman . He
740-450: The effects of individual character and human nature will render generalizations vague and useless. While pointing out that history is useful as a mental discipline and a part of a liberal education, he recommended its study chiefly for its own sake. It was in this spirit that he worked; he had the faculty of judgment and a genius for minute and critical investigation. He was equally eminent in ecclesiastical history, as an editor of texts and as
777-471: The first time. He accepted the patronage of the Stubbs Society during his time at Oxford, where he interacted with future doyens of the historical profession. Stubbs was rector of Cholderton, Wiltshire , from 1875 to 1879, when he was appointed a canon of St Paul's Cathedral . He served on the ecclesiastical courts commission of 1881–1883 and wrote the weighty appendices to the report. On 25 April 1884 he
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#1732851317256814-570: The foremost books Smith edited covered ecclesiastical subjects: the Dictionary of the Bible (1860–1865), the Dictionary of Christian Antiquities (1875–1880), jointly with Archdeacon Samuel Cheetham , and the Dictionary of Christian Biography (1877–1887), jointly with Henry Wace . The Atlas , on which Sir George Grove collaborated, appeared in 1875. From 1853 to 1869 Smith was classical examiner to
851-618: The historian of the British constitution. In 1858 Stubbs published his Registrum Sacrum Anglicanum , (with a second edition published in 1897) which sets forth episcopal consecration data in England from 597 CE, which was followed by many other later works, and particularly by his share in Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents , edited in co-operation with the Rev. A. W. Haddan , for the third volume of which he
888-664: The most notable examples of Stubbs's work for the Rolls series are the prefaces to Roger of Hoveden , the Gesta regum of William of Malmesbury , the Gesta Henrici II , and the Memorials of St. Dunstan . In the main Stubbs's ideas of a confrontational political framework have been superseded by K. B. McFarlane 's "community of interest" theory; the idea that the amount of possible conflict between
925-445: The publisher John Murray when the original publishing partner met difficulties. Murray was the publisher of the 1214-page Latin–English Dictionary based upon the works of Forcellini and Freund that Smith completed in 1855. This was periodically reissued over the next 35 years. It goes beyond "classical" (100 BCE – 100 CE) Latin to include many entries not found in other dictionaries of the period, including Lewis and Short . Perhaps
962-608: The same time he was writing articles on church organisation in the first volume of William Smith 's Dictionary of Christian Antiquities . He died at Barton-on-the-Heath on 8 February 1873, at the age of fifty-six. He never received any preferment save the living which came to him from his college, and the title of honorary canon of Worcester. His published works are: He also wrote articles and reviews. Many of his shorter writings are collected in Remains of A. W. Haddan , edited by Alexander Penrose Forbes , bishop of Brechin , 1876, with
999-456: Was A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities , which appeared in 1842, the greater part being written by him. Then followed the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology in 1849. A parallel Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography appeared in 1857, with some leading scholars of the day associated with the task. In 1867, Smith became editor of the Quarterly Review ,
1036-600: Was Bishop of Chester from 1884 to 1889 and Bishop of Oxford from 1889 to 1901. The son of William Morley Stubbs, a solicitor, and his wife, Mary Ann Henlock, he was born in a house on the High Street in Knaresborough , Yorkshire , and was educated at Ripon Grammar School and Christ Church, Oxford , where he graduated MA in 1848, obtaining a first-class in Literae Humaniores and a third in mathematics . Stubbs
1073-409: Was also Haddan. Thomas Henry Haddan was his brother. He received his early education at a private school kept by a Mr. Fanning at Finchley . In 1834 he entered Brasenose College, Oxford , as a commoner, and in the November of that year stood unsuccessfully for a scholarship at Balliol College . On June 15, 1835, he was elected scholar of Trinity College, Oxford . He graduated B.A. in 1837, obtaining
1110-418: Was appointed Regius Professor of Modern History at Oxford , and held the chair until 1884. His lectures were thinly attended, and he found them a distraction from his historical work. Some of his statutory lectures are published in his Lectures on Mediaeval and Modern History . In 1872, he founded Oxford University's School of Modern History, allowing postclassical history to be taught as a distinct subject for
1147-529: Was buried in the churchyard of All Saints, Cuddesdon , next to the palace of the bishops of Oxford. Both in England and America, Stubbs was universally acknowledged as the head of all English historical scholars, and no English historian of his time was held in equal honour in European countries. Among his many distinctions he was D.D. and honorary D.C.L. of Oxford , LL.D. of Cambridge and Edinburgh , Doctor in utroque jure of Heidelberg ; an hon. member of
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1184-693: Was consecrated Bishop of Chester , and in 1889 became Bishop of Oxford until his death. As Bishop of Oxford he was also ex officio the Chancellor of the Order of the Garter . He was a Member of the Chetham Society , and served as vice-president from 1884. Stubbs was a High Churchman whose doctrines and practice were grounded on learning and a veneration for antiquity. His opinions were received with marked respect by his brother prelates, and he acted as an assessor to
1221-456: Was drawn to history by what was in a broad sense an antiquarian passion for the past, as well as a patriotic and populist impulse to identify the nation and its institutions as the collective subject of English history, making the new historiography of early medieval times an extension, filling out and democratising, of older Whig notions of continuity. It was Stubbs who presented this most substantially; Green who made it popular and dramatic... It
1258-550: Was elected a Fellow of Trinity College , during his time living in Navestock , Essex , from 1850 to 1866, where he served as parish priest for the same period. In 1859, he married Catherine Dellar, daughter of John Dellar, of Navestock, and they had several children. He was librarian at Lambeth Palace , and in 1862 was an unsuccessful candidate for the Chichele Professorship of Modern History at Oxford. In 1866, Stubbs
1295-537: Was especially responsible. He edited nineteen volumes for the Rolls series of Chronicles and Memorials . It is, however, by Stubbs's Constitutional History of England (3 vols., 1874–78) that he is most widely known as a historian. It became at once the standard authority on its subject. The appearance of this book, which traces the development of the English constitution from the Teutonic invasions of Britain till 1485, marks
1332-483: Was one of the secretaries of William Ewart Gladstone 's election committee, and supported him on the three other occasions when he sought election as a Member of Parliament for the University of Oxford; his support. was because he believed that Gladstone was a fitting representative of the university as a scholar and a churchman. On similar grounds he supported Lord Derby's election as chancellor in 1852. In 1857 he accepted
1369-413: Was ordained priest in 1842, and on being appointed to succeed Williams as classical tutor of his college, resigned his curacy. He was Dean of Trinity College for several years and afterwards vice-president, and was pro-proctor to Henry Peter Guillemard when in 1845 the proctors put their veto on the proceedings against Newman. An austere scholar, for some time after his ordination he was engaged in work for
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