Misplaced Pages

#810189

70-787: It is one of three Orthodox Christian jurisdictions in North America to currently practice the liturgical Western Rite as well as the Byzantine Rite , along with the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia and the Orthodox Church in America . The Antiochian Orthodox followers were originally cared for by the Russian Orthodox Church in America and the first bishop consecrated in North America, Raphael of Brooklyn ,

140-472: A case-by-case basis, the ordination of married former Episcopal ministers as Catholic priests. As personal parishes, these parishes were formally part of the local Catholic diocese , but accepted as members any former Anglican who wished to make use of the provision. On 9 November 2009, Pope Benedict XVI established a worldwide provision for Anglicans who joined the church. This process set up personal ordinariates for former Anglicans and other persons entering

210-692: A negotiated solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict . In partnership with the World Council of Churches , it has traditionally sought to balance its approach, seeking safety and protection for both the Jewish and Palestinian communities. It has focused on meeting needs of the victims of this conflict in all communities and supporting continued negotiations. Since the late 1960s the NCC has taken positions sympathetic towards Palestinian land rights and supportive of

280-608: A reconstruction of the Celtic Rite, the historical accuracy of which is debated. Historical evidence of this rite is found in the remnants of the Stowe (Lorrha) Missal . The Gallican Rite is a retrospective term applied to the sum of the local variants, on similar lines to that designated elsewhere as the Celtic Rite (above) and the Mozarabic Rite , which faded from use in France by the end of

350-484: A response to "industrial problems" that arose during the rapid industrialization of the United States . The primary concern was the protection of workers in a host of areas including wages, working conditions, child labor , and a six-day work week (reduced from seven). During the next 40 plus years, FCC remained engaged in the domestic social problems of the day as well as international problems that threatened to draw

420-607: A result of its evangelism and missionary work, the Antiochian Archdiocese saw significant growth between the mid-1960s and 2012. The archdiocese had only 65 parishes across the United States in the mid-1960s and, by 2011, this number had increased to 249 parishes. The archdiocese was a member of the National Council of Churches (NCC) for decades, but its archdiocesan convention voted unanimously on 28 July 2005 to withdraw fully from that body. While American converts play

490-603: A secure Israel. More recently, NCC has been particularly concerned with the plight of Christian communities in the region. Some of NCC's member communions have congregations or partners in the region that are being directly affected. However, the NCC's "witness to the need for vigilance in brokering peace extends to our concern for all people in the region, whether they be Christians, Jews , Muslims , Baháʼís or others, and whether they be Israelis , Palestinians , Syrians , Egyptians , or others." The council has supported many poverty alleviation efforts, including increases to

560-609: A substantial role in the life of the archdiocese, being well represented among both clergy and laity, all current bishops of the Antiochian Archdiocese are of Levantine descent, though that hasn't always been the case. In addition to the bishops, three of the dioceses are currently overseen by archimandrites on behalf of Met Saba, until the election of more bishops 40°53′03″N 73°57′50″W  /  40.88409°N 73.96386°W  / 40.88409; -73.96386 Western Rite God Schools Relations with: Latin liturgical rites , or Western liturgical rites ,

630-658: Is a large family of liturgical rites and uses of public worship employed by the Latin Church , the largest particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church , that originated in Europe where the Latin language once dominated. Its language is now known as Ecclesiastical Latin . The most used rite is the Roman Rite . The Latin rites were for many centuries no less numerous than

700-526: Is a member of the interdenominational World Council of Churches and, through the WCC, is in communication with denominations of numerous theological stances. They have released several joint statements over the years. Rev. Dr. Angelique Walker Smith of the National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. , a member church of the NCC, is the WCC's president from North America. The NCC Faith and Order Commission

770-565: Is a participating member of the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America . Metropolitan Joseph served as the body's first vice chairman. The archdiocese is divided in eight territorial dioceses and one vicariate. Some of the territorial dioceses extend into Canada. Alongside the eight Byzantine Rite territorial dioceses exists the Western Rite Vicariate , a non-territorial vicariate created from remnants of

SECTION 10

#1732851377811

840-476: Is an ongoing, scholarly, ecumenical dialogue among North American Christian theologians and ecclesiastical historians, including evangelical, Pentecostal, Roman Catholic , Orthodox, mainline Protestant, and African-American scholars. In 2007, the commission celebrated its fiftieth anniversary. Through the "Interreligious Relations Convening Table", the NCC is in dialogue with representatives of Islam , Judaism , Hinduism , Buddhism and Sikhism . Since 2004,

910-592: Is based. The series began in 1872 under the auspices of the National Sunday School Convention. The NCC also published until 2012 the annual Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches , since 1916 a widely used reference work on trends, statistics and programmatic information on religious organizations in North America. Future editions of the yearbook will be published by the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB). The NCC

980-575: Is disputed. The Rite of Braga is used, but since 18 November 1971 only on an optional basis, in the Archdiocese of Braga in northern Portugal . The Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei (PCED) considers it a local Use of the Roman Rite, rather than an independent rite. The Mozarabic Rite, which was prevalent throughout Spain in Visigothic times, is now celebrated only in limited locations, principally

1050-628: Is in dialogue with the National Council of Synagogues, a partnership of Reformed , Conservative , and the Reconstructionist groups in Judaism for the purpose of interfaith affairs. The main focus of discussion between the NCC and NCS is pastoral affairs and community issues such as antisemitism . Their most recent meeting was in December of 2023. Orthodox Judaism is presently not in dialogue with

1120-615: Is insensitive to actual Anglicans, and because it is a subtle way of suggesting that their entrance into full communion is less than total. We are Catholic in every sense." Also called "Indian Masses", a number of variations on the Roman Rite developed in the Indian missions of Canada and the United States. These originated in the 17th century, and some remained in use until the Second Vatican Council. The priest's parts remained in Latin, while

1190-560: Is possibly a misnomer and it may owe its origins to Augustine's re-evangelisation of the British Isles in the 6th century. Little is known of it, though several texts and liturgies survive. Some Christians – typically groups not in communion with the Roman Catholic Church, especially some Western Orthodox Christian communities in communion with Eastern Orthodox Churches , e.g. Celtic Orthodoxy – have attempted to breathe life into

1260-406: The Catholic Church , fundamentalist groups, Southern Baptists , and Missouri Synod Lutherans , which are not officially a part of the council's membership. All NCC member organizations subscribe to the NCC's statement of faith, which forms the preamble to the NCC's charter: The National Council of Churches is a community of Christian communions, which, in response to the gospel as revealed in

1330-510: The Council of Trent , established in the 1560s and 1570s underwent repeated minor variations in the centuries immediately following. Each new typical edition (the edition to which other printings are to conform) of the Roman Missal (see Tridentine Mass ) and of the other liturgical books superseded the previous one. The 20th century saw more profound changes. Pope Pius X radically rearranged

1400-502: The Federal Council of Churches in 1908, and expanded through merger with several other ecumenical organizations to become the National Council of Churches in 1950. Its Interim President and General Secretary is Bishop Vashti Murphy McKenzie. The first efforts at ecumenical organization emerged in May 1908 with the creation of the Federal Council of Churches (FCC). The FCC was created as

1470-580: The ICEL translation of the Roman Rite of Mass, is based upon the Book of Common Prayer , originally written in the 16th century. Prior to the establishment of the personal ordinariates , parishes in the United States were called "Anglican Use" and used the Book of Divine Worship , an adaptation of the Book of Common Prayer . The Book of Divine Worship has been replaced with the similar Divine Worship: The Missal for use in

SECTION 20

#1732851377811

1540-731: The Liturgy of the Hours and other liturgical functions in accordance with the liturgical books proper to the Anglican tradition, in revisions approved by the Holy See . This faculty does not exclude liturgical celebrations according to the Roman Rite. The Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham was set up for England and Wales on 15 January 2011; the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter for

1610-766: The Society of Saint Basil in 1961, three years after the Western Rite was approved for use by the archdiocese in 1958. It oversees all Antiochian parishes serving the Roman or Anglican uses of the Western Rite, as opposed to the Byzantine Rite used by the majority of the archdiocese. Many conservative former Anglicans have turned to the archdiocese as a jurisdiction, some joining and leading Western Rite parishes with liturgy more familiar to Western Christians. The current mission of

1680-633: The Vietnam War , the NCC found itself in opposition to growing US military action . In 1965, the General Board stated that "unilateral action by the United States in Southeast Asia will not lead to peace." The NCC's position against the Vietnam War became increasingly strident in the 1960s and 1970s, and in some cases, alienated the laity of some member communions. NCC has been a consistent supporter of

1750-512: The cathedral of Toledo . The Carthusian rite is in use in a version revised in 1981. Apart from the new elements in this revision, it is substantially the rite of Grenoble in the 12th century, with some admixture from other sources. Among other differences from the Roman Order of Mass, the deacon prepares the gifts while the Epistle is being sung, the celebrating priest washes his hands twice at

1820-662: The 1908 creed, the "Social Creed for the 21st Century" included additional principles, including: These creeds have formed the basis, growing out of a common Christian faith, of the work of the NCC in public policy matters. For a number of years, the NCC maintained a separate policy advocacy office in Washington, D.C. Located in the United Methodist Building on Capitol Hill , the NCC Washington Office served as an ecumenical hub through which it could interact with

1890-410: The 1970s , NCC issued a statement in which it called for "Ecological Justice". The statement called for more work on renewable energy, reductions in energy sources that pollute, and support for energy sources that did not have adverse effects on communities (health, economic, etc.). This statement helped form the basis for the creation of the NCC's Eco-Justice program. Housed in the NCC Washington Office,

1960-560: The 19th century, in favor of the Tridentine Mass and other Roman Rite rituals. In the second half of the 20th century, most of the religious orders that had a distinct liturgical rite chose to adopt in its place the Roman Rite as revised in accordance with the decrees of the Second Vatican Council (see Mass of Paul VI ). A few such liturgical rites persist today for the celebration of Mass, since 1965–1970 in revised forms, but

2030-828: The Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America is to "bring Orthodoxy to America". Its Department of Missions and Evangelism was chaired by Peter Gillquist who led the mass conversion of the Evangelical Orthodox Church to Eastern Orthodoxy. Gillquist died in July 2012  ( 2012-08 ) . The current chairman is John Finley. The archdiocese also includes Ancient Faith Ministries among its departments, with its well-known Ancient Faith Radio division, an Internet-based radio station with content themed around Orthodox Christianity, including both streaming stations and more than 100 podcasts. As

2100-635: The Black Curriculum Resource Center. W. Sterling Cary , the first Black president of the NCC who was elected in 1972, was a vocal advocate for racial justice and the Black Power movement . Since its inception, the NCC had been skeptical of the usefulness of war. During World War II, the Federal Council of Churches formed a Committee on Conscientious Objectors to advocate for the right of people of faith to refuse military service. During

2170-659: The Churches of Christ in the USA , usually identified as the National Council of Churches ( NCC ), is the largest ecumenical body in the United States . NCC is an ecumenical partnership of 38 Christian faith groups in the United States . Its member communions include mainline Protestant , Eastern Orthodox , Oriental Orthodox , African-American , evangelical , and historic peace churches . Together, it encompasses more than 100,000 local congregations and 40 million adherents. It began as

Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America - Misplaced Pages Continue

2240-665: The Mass have been approved. The Use of Sarum is a variant on the Roman rite originating in the Diocese of Salisbury , which had come to be widely practised in England and Scotland until its suppression during the English Reformation and replaced by the Book of Common Prayer , which was heavily influenced by it, in the then-schismatic Church of England , and its usage among the remaining Catholics

2310-617: The NCC aided in forming the "National Muslim-Christian Dialogue" with the Islamic Circle of North America , and the United States Council of Muslim Organizations. In addition to theological discussions, the dialogue has focused on social issues including Islamophobia in the United States . Since 2010, there has been an annual dialogue between the participants. In 2015 the interfaith dialogue participants came to 16 theological points of agreement between Christianity and Islam. The NCC

2380-709: The NCC together with the Synagogue Council of America and the National Catholic Welfare Conference , convened the National Conference on Religion and Race, which issued An Appeal to the Conscience of the American People for a moral end to racism. From 1966 until 1973 Olivia P. Stokes was associate director of urban education in the NCC's Department of Educational Development, developing

2450-622: The NCC, participants include the Guibord Center, Fo Guang Shan Hsi Lai Temple, Claremont School of Theology , and the University of the West . Presently the dialogue is focused on bilateral understanding of the two faiths. The "National Sikh-Christian Dialogue" was started by the NCC in 2019 and is in communication with the Sikh Council of Interfaith Relations. Recent discussions include understanding

2520-594: The NCC. Concerning their dialogue with Hinduism, the NCC established the "National Hindu-Christian Dialogue" in 2018. Through this dialogue, they are in discussions with the Vedanta Society of Southern California which is under the spiritual leadership of the Ramakrishna Order . They also established the "National Buddhist-Christian Dialogue" in 2018 for discussions with those of the Buddhist faith. In addition to

2590-568: The Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite. The Tridentine Mass , as in the 1962 Roman Missal, and other pre-Vatican II rites are still authorized for use within the Roman Rite under the conditions indicated in the motu proprio Traditionis Custodes . These practices emanate from the liturgical reforms of the Council of Trent , from which the word "Tridentine" is derived. Following its description in Summorum Pontificum by Pope Benedict XVI ,

2660-663: The Psalter of the Breviary and altered the rubrics of the Mass. Pope Pius XII significantly revised the Holy Week ceremonies and certain other aspects of the Roman Missal in 1955. The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) was followed by a general revision of the rites of all the Roman Rite sacraments, including the Eucharist . As before, each new typical edition of a liturgical book supersedes

2730-451: The Scriptures, confess Jesus Christ, the incarnate Word of God, as Savior and Lord. These communions covenant with one another to manifest ever more fully the unity of the Church. Relying upon the transforming power of the Holy Spirit, the communions come together as the Council in common mission, serving in all creation to the glory of God. Since its founding in 1950, one of the primary activities of NCC has been to effect positive change for

2800-403: The Syro-Levantine Greek Orthodox Christian faithful in North America, simultaneously shaken by the death of their beloved bishop, Raphael, chose to come under the direct care of the Damascus-based Patriarchate of Antioch . Due to internal conflicts, however, the Antiochian Orthodox faithful in North America became divided between two archdioceses, those of New York City and Toledo . In 1975,

2870-465: The US into war. Its progressive social program along with support of conscientious objectors to World War II garnered stiff criticism from Christian fundamentalist circles. By 1950, numerous programs and efforts of social uplift had formed in addition to the FCC. Seeking greater unity, a dozen ecumenical bodies (including the FCC) gathered in Cleveland , Ohio, in 1950 to discuss how to more effectively organize their common work. Out of this meeting, via

Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America - Misplaced Pages Continue

2940-536: The United States and Canada on 1 January 2012; and the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of the Southern Cross for Australia on 15 June 2012. As of 2017 it was decreed that all parishes in the United States established under the Pastoral Provision be transferred to the Ordinariate. Bishop Steven Lopes of the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter has requested that terms such as "Anglican Use" and "Anglican Ordinariate" be avoided, saying "Our clergy and faithful do not like being called Anglican, both because this

3010-424: The World , Habitat for Humanity , and Children's Defense Fund , to press for broad policy initiatives that address poverty issues. The council helped launch the Let Justice Roll grassroots anti-poverty campaign that has been successful in raising the minimum wage in more than 20 states since 2005. In 2018, the council issued a statement opposing the nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court . NCC

3080-427: The Zaire Use, the Vatican approved certain adaptations for Indigenous Mexican groups in 2024. This use is only for the Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas . The adaptations include a new "ministry of incensation," to administer incense (distinct from the thurifer ), as well the "Principal," a layperson who guides the congregation in prayer at certain moments. It was the second time after Vatican II that adaptations of

3150-586: The betterment of society. Adopted in December 1908, "The Social Creed of the Churches" was a statement by members of the Federal Council of Churches against what it described as "industrial problems". The document spelled out a list of principles, including: In 2007, the NCC updated its social creed to reflect a new era of globalization. The goal was to "offer a vision of a society that shares more and consumes less, seeks compassion over suspicion and equality over domination, and finds security in joined hands rather than massed arms." In addition to those areas mentioned in

3220-465: The civil rights movement throughout the 1950s and 1960s. NCC created a Race Relations Sunday to educate and call to action mainline Christians nationwide. In 1961, Andrew Young left his position with the National Council of Churches to join the Southern Christian Leadership Conference , eventually becoming that organization's executive director. When the Civil Rights Act was introduced in 1964, NCC lobbied heavily for its swift adoption. In January 1963,

3290-402: The distinct liturgical rites for celebrating the other sacraments have been almost completely abandoned. The Roman Rite is by far the most widely used. Like other liturgical rites , it developed over time, with newer forms replacing the older. It underwent many changes in the first millennium, during half of its existence (see Pre-Tridentine Mass ). The forms that Pope Pius V , as requested by

3360-538: The first millennium. It should not be confused with the so-called Neo-Gallican liturgical books published in various French dioceses after the Council of Trent, which had little or nothing to do with it. Several local rites of limited scope existed, but are now defunct. More properly these are uses or variants of the Roman Rite, most with Gallican elements, some with Byzantine liturgical and traditional elements. Some religious orders celebrated Mass according to rites of their own, dating from more than 200 years before

3430-402: The full communion of the Catholic Church. These ordinariates would be similar to dioceses, but encompassing entire regions or nations. Parishes belonging to an ordinariate would not be part of the local diocese. These ordinariates are charged with maintaining the Anglican liturgical, spiritual and pastoral traditions, and they have full faculties to celebrate the Eucharist and the other sacraments,

3500-715: The merger of the Federal Council of Churches with several other ecumenical bodies, emerged the NCC. During the late 1950s and early 1960s (it is unclear from the reference how long this continued), the National Council of Churches received some funding from the "Foundation for Youth and Student Affairs", a front funded by the CIA to oppose communism . The council's 38 member communions include mainline Protestant , Eastern Orthodox , African-American , evangelical , and historic peace churches . Individual adherents of more than 50 Christian faith groups actively participate in NCC study groups, commissions, and ministries. Some of these participants belong to Christian faith groups such as

3570-491: The metropolitan in caring for the archdiocese, which is the third largest Orthodox Christian jurisdiction in North America, with 74,600 adherents in the United States, 27,300 of whom are regular church attendees. As of 2011, it also has 249 parishes in the United States with two monastic communities. Metropolitan Philip died in 2014 and was succeeded by Metropolitan Joseph Al-Zehlaoui . Metropolitan Joseph retired in 2022 following allegations of sexual misconduct. The archdiocese

SECTION 50

#1732851377811

3640-405: The minimum wage and ecumenical efforts such as the Circle of Protection and the Faithful Budget Campaign. In 2013, during restructuring, NCC spun off its department dealing with poverty issues into a new organization, the Ecumenical Poverty Initiative. NCC continues its work on poverty through its support of EPI as well as partnerships with other likeminded organizations. During the oil crisis of

3710-451: The modern Eastern Catholic liturgical rites . The number of Latin rites and uses is now much reduced. In the aftermath of the Council of Trent , in 1568 and 1570 Pope Pius V suppressed the breviaries and missals that could not be shown to have an antiquity of at least two centuries in favor of the Roman Missal and Roman Breviary . Many local rites that remained legitimate even after this decree were abandoned voluntarily, especially in

3780-442: The numerous denominational policy offices also located in the Methodist Building. Its work centered on areas mentioned in the creeds but also primarily focused around two programs, Eco-Justice and the Ecumenical Poverty Initiative. Both of these programs have been spun off into separate independent organizations since NCC restructuring in 2013. NCC partners with dozens of other faith-based groups in DC and elsewhere, such as Bread for

3850-427: The offertory and says the eucharistic prayer with arms extended in the form of a cross except when using his hands for some specific action, and there is no blessing at the end of Mass. The Order of Saint Benedict has never had a rite of the Mass peculiar to it, but it keeps its very ancient Benedictine Rite of the Liturgy of the Hours . In Africa Proconsulare , located in present-day Tunisia (of which Carthage

3920-409: The ordinariates worldwide, replacing the official term "Anglican Use" with "Divine Worship". Anglican liturgical rituals, whether those used in the ordinariates of the Catholic Church or in the various prayer books and missals of the Anglican Communion and other denominations, trace their origin back to the Sarum Use , which was a variation of the Roman Rite used in England before introduction during

3990-432: The ordinaries sung by the choir were translated into the vernacular (e.g., Mohawk, Algonquin, Micmac, and Huron). They also generally featured a reduced cycle of native-language propers and hymns. The Zaire Use is an inculturated variation of the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. It has been used to a very limited extent in some African countries since the late 1970s to early 1980s. Similarly to

4060-506: The papal bull Quo primum . These rites were based on local usages and combined elements of the Roman and Gallican Rites. Following the Second Vatican Council , they have mostly been abandoned, except for the Carthusian Rite (see above ). Religious orders of more recent origin have never had special rites. The following previously existing rites continue to be used on a limited basis by the permission of ecclesiastical superiors: National Council of Churches The National Council of

4130-407: The previous one. Thus, the 1970 Roman Missal, which superseded the 1962 edition, was superseded by the edition of 1975. The 2002 edition in turn supersedes the 1975 edition both in Latin and, as official translations into each language appear, also in the vernacular languages. Under the terms of Summorum Pontificum by Pope Benedict XVI , the Mass of Paul VI , which followed Vatican II, is known as

4200-406: The problem of a justice system based on retribution and the over-representation of communities of color in the prison population. More recently, NCC has worked for sentencing reform to reduce mandatory minimum sentences , advocated for clemency for individuals who were over sentenced, and prison conditions . In addition, NCC has also broadened this work to include police reform , especially in

4270-407: The program focused on federal environmental policy. In 2013, the Eco-Justice program was spun off into its own organization, Creation Justice Ministries. CJM continues to work with NCC and its 38 member communions to coordinate efforts to protect the environment. Over the past three years , NCC has taken a more active role in the struggle against mass incarceration . As early as 1979, NCC recognized

SECTION 60

#1732851377811

4340-408: The reign of Edward VI of the 1549 Book of Common Prayer , following the break from the Roman church under the previous monarch Henry VIII . In the United States, under a Pastoral Provision in 1980, personal parishes were established that introduced adapted Anglican traditions to the Catholic Church from members' former Episcopal parishes. That provision also permitted, as an exception and on

4410-442: The ritual use of liturgical books promulgated before Vatican II is often referred to as the Extraordinary Form. The Anglican Use is a use of the Roman Rite, rather than a unique rite itself. During the Liturgy of the Eucharist, especially the Eucharistic Prayer, it is closest to other forms of the Roman Rite, while it differs more during the Liturgy of the Word and the Penitential Rite. The language used, which differs from that of

4480-418: The two Antiochian Orthodox archdioceses were united as one Archdiocese of North America (now with its headquarters in Englewood , New Jersey ). Since then, it has experienced significant growth through ongoing evangelization of North Americans and the immigration of Orthodox Christian Arabs from the Middle East. Its leader from 1966 until 2014 was Metropolitan Philip Saliba . Six other diocesan bishops assisted

4550-398: The wake of much publicized shootings in places such as Baton Rouge , Minneapolis , and Dallas . The NCC fostered the multi-denominational research effort that produced the Revised Standard Version and the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible , and holds the copyrights to both translations. The NCC sponsors the research program on which the Uniform Sunday School Lesson Series

4620-415: Was a composite of non-Roman ritual structures (possibly Antiochian ) and texts not exempt from Roman influence, that was similar to the Mozarabic Rite in many respects and would have been used at least in parts of Ireland , Scotland , the northern part of England and perhaps even Wales , Cornwall and Somerset , before being authoritatively replaced by the Roman Rite in the early Middle Ages . "Celtic"

4690-579: Was closely aligned with leaders in the civil rights movement , including Martin Luther King Jr. and Andrew Young . The NCC was an important link to mainline churches for the civil rights movement and it consistently condemned segregation during the Montgomery bus boycott and other actions. In a speech to NCC in 1957, King thanked the NCC for its support: "This great body—the National Council of Churches—has condemned segregation over and over again, and has requested its constituent denominations to do likewise." The NCC continued to be closely intertwined with

4760-434: Was consecrated by the Russian Orthodox Church in America in 1904 to care for the Syro-Levantine Greek Orthodox Christian Ottoman immigrants to the United States and Canada, who had come chiefly from the vilayets of Adana , Aleppo , Damascus , and Beirut (the birthplace of the community's founder, Raphael of Brooklyn). After the Bolshevik Revolution threw the Russian Orthodox Church and its faithful abroad into chaos,

4830-419: Was gradually supplanted by the Tridentine Mass . The Ambrosian Rite is celebrated most often in the Archdiocese of Milan , Italy , and in parts of some neighbouring dioceses in Italy and Switzerland. The language used is now usually Italian, rather than Latin. With some variant texts and minor differences in the order of readings, it is similar in form to the Roman Rite. Its classification as Gallican-related

4900-401: Was the capital), the African Rite was used before the 7th-century Arab conquest. It was very close to the Roman Rite – so much so that Western liturgical traditions have been classified as belonging to two streams, the North African-Rome tradition, and the Gallican (in the broad sense) tradition encompassing the rest of the Western Roman Empire, including northern Italy. The ancient Celtic Rite

#810189