76-628: The Anglo-Manipur War or Manipuri Rebellion of 1891 was a short armed conflict between the British Colonial Forces and the dissenting royal princes of Manipur Kingdom , which was arguably a dependency of the British Empire in India . The conflict began with a palace coup staged by the general (Senapati) of Manipur, ousting its reigning king, and installing a half-brother, the heir-apparent , in his place. The British government took objection to
152-653: A princely state till 1947. In the First Anglo-Burmese War , the British helped prince Gambhir Singh regain his kingdom of Manipur , which had been heretofore occupied by the Burmese. Subsequently, Manipur became a British protectorate . This was certainly the British view, and is also acknowledged by several scholars. From 1835, the British stationed a Political Agent in Manipur, and succession arrangements were settled by
228-789: A base from which they might have easily gone into the plains of India. Kohima has a large cemetery known as the Kohima War Cemetery for the Allied war dead; it is maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission . The cemetery lies on the slopes of Garrison Hill, in what was once the Deputy Commissioner's tennis court, which was the scene of intense fighting known as the Battle of the Tennis Court . The epitaph carved on
304-519: A cessation of all hostilities and his return to Kohima (in Naga Hills to the north of Manipur). Kulachandra and Tikendrajit regarded the proposals as deception. The surviving British troops besieged in the residency were led out by two junior officers in the dead of night, along with Frank Grimwood's wife Ethel Grimwood . It was a disorganised retreat. But they were met in the forests by a relief party arriving from Cachar and were rescued. The Residency
380-704: A disarmament campaign, 4,000 firearms were confiscated from the local population. On 22 September 1891, the British placed the young boy Meidingngu Churachand on the throne. Ethel Grimwood was given £1,000, a pension and the Royal Red Cross (despite having no links to nursing). British participants of the Manipuri expedition received the North East Frontier clasp for the India General Service Medal . Colonel Charles James William Grant also received
456-401: A force and the request was granted. Sepoys and artillery were sent and British officers trained a levy of Manipuri troops for the battles that ensued. With British help, Gambhir Singh succeeded in expulsion of Burmese from Manipur, after receiving additional reinforcement, he expelled the Burmese from Kabaw Valley by 1826 as well, and Gambhir Singh became the king of Manipur, after the war
532-468: A full-fledged state on 1 December 1963, Kohima was named as the state capital. On 20 March 1986, two students Kekuojalie Sachü and Vikhozo Yhoshü were killed in indiscriminate firing by Nagaland Police when they participated in a peaceful protest called by the Naga Students' Federation (NSF) to rally against the state government's decision on the introduction of Indian Police Service (IPS) cadres and
608-458: A movement for representative government in Manipur in 1954. The Indian home minister, however, declared that the time was not yet ripe for the creation of representative assemblies in Part C States such as Manipur and Tripura , stating that they were located in strategic border areas of India, that the people were politically backward and that the administration in those states was still weak. However, it
684-465: A policy of expansion beyond their territory. In 1443 King Ningthoukhomba raided Akla (present day Tamu, Myanmar ), an area ruled by Shan people , initiating a policy of Manipuri claims to the neighbouring Kabaw Valley . The zenith of the Kangleipak State was reached under the rule of King Khagemba (1597–1652). Khagemba's brother Prince Shalungba was not happy about Khagemba's rule so he fled to
760-536: A population of 99,039 of which males and females were 51,626 and 47,413 respectively. Kohima has an average literacy rate of 90.76%, higher than the national average of 76.55%. Religion in Kohima City (2011) The major religion in Kohima is Christianity which is practised by 80.22% of the population. Other religions includes Hinduism (16.09%), Islam (3.06%) and Buddhism (0.45%). Tourism plays an important role in
836-488: A protectorate of the British East India Company from 1824, and a princely state of British Raj in 1891. It bordered Assam Province in the west and British Burma in the east, and in the 20th century covered an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and contained 467 villages. The capital of the state was Imphal . The early history of Manipur is composed of mythical narratives . The location of
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#1732852181970912-576: A result of the agreement, the Manipur State merged into the Indian Union as a Part C State (similar to a Chief Commissioner's Province under the colonial regime or a Union Territory in the present Indian structure), to be governed by a Chief Commissioner appointed by the Government of India. The representative assembly of Manipur was abolished. Unhappy with the central rule, Rishang Keishing began
988-652: A sufficient force to overcome the conspirators. It is probable that a very small body of troops would be enough, and that sufficient numbers could be taken from Cachar or Kohima. The Chief Commissioner Quinton persuaded the Government in Calcutta that there would be no use trying to reinstate the Maharaja. This was agreed, but the Government wanted the Senapati Tikendrajit Singh disciplined. Quinton arrived in Manipur on 22 March 1891, with an escort of 400 Gurkhas under
1064-513: A time when it was a village of the Angami Nagas . It became an urban centre in 1878 when the British Empire established its headquarters of the then Naga Hills District of Assam Province . It officially became the capital after the state of Nagaland was inaugurated in 1963. Kohima was the site of one of the bloodiest battles of World War II . The battle is often referred to as the Stalingrad of
1140-573: Is a contemporary arts and music centre located in Jotsoma , about 6 km (3.7 mi) west of the city centre. The NAJ Cosfest is an Otaku -based cosplay festival held every year in the month of July. The annual event was started in 2013 and is organized by the Nagaland Anime Junkies. The cosfest is one of the biggest cosplay festivals in North East India . The Hornbill Festival is
1216-522: Is claimed that Manipur learned the art of making gunpowder from the Chinese merchants who visited the state around 1630 and had started making rockets named Meikappi by the early 18th century. In 1714, King Pamheiba was initiated into Gaudiya Vaishnavism by Shantidas Gosai , a Bengali Hindu from Sylhet . He made the Gaudiya Vaishnava faith the state religion , replacing Meitei religion , made
1292-529: Is deemed to have become a British protectorate , even though its ensuing status is debated till this day. At the death of Gambhir Singh, his son Chandrakirti Singh was only one year old, and his uncle Nara Singh was appointed as regent. That same year the British decided to restore the Kabaw Valley to the Kingdom of Burma , which had never been happy about the loss. A compensation was paid to Raja of Manipur in
1368-579: Is divided into nineteen sectors with a total of thirty-three administrative wards under the authority of the Kohima Municipal Council , covering an area of about 35 km (14 sq mi). Each ward has its own council government and handles many of the functions that are handled by city governments in other jurisdictions. The Kohima Police of the Nagaland Police is the police force responsible for maintaining security, law and order in
1444-683: Is not connected with the rail network. The nearest railway stations are the Chümoukedima Shokhüvi Railway Station and the Dimapur Railway Station . An extension of the railway line from Dimapur to Kohima was proposed and surveyed in 2009. Due to a dispute over land acquisition the track was resurveyed and an alternative alignment was proposed in 2013 and is expected to be completed by 2026. Regardless of its hilly terrain, cycling has become an increasingly popular way to get in and around Kohima. A bicycle-sharing system
1520-764: Is the capital of the North East Indian state of Nagaland . With a resident population of almost 100,000, it is the second largest city in the state. Kohima constitutes both a district and a municipality . The municipality covers 20 km (7.7 sq mi). The city lies on the foothills of Japfü section of the Barail Range located south of the District ( 25°40′N 94°07′E / 25.67°N 94.12°E / 25.67; 94.12 ) and has an average elevation of 1,261 m (4,137 ft). Originally known as Kewhira , Kohima's history goes back to
1596-725: The Asian Highway 1 and the Tsiepfü Tsiepfhe Road (AG). Sokhriezie Park is a centrally located lake that sits below the PHQ Junction. Kohima Botanical Garden is located at New Ministers' Hill Ward and is looked after by the Nagaland Forest Department . The Kohima Capital Cultural Center is a cultural center which has a multipurpose hall that provides various facilities for its citizens. The Regional Centre of Excellence for Music & Performing Arts (RCEMPA)
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#17328521819701672-679: The Chief Commissioner of Assam (Lieutenant Governor of East Bengal and Assam during 1905–1912) During the princely state stage (1891–1947), an Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer of the East Bengal and Assam cadre was appointed as the administrator, first as the vice-president of the Manipur State Darbar, and, from 1916, as its president. The Indian Agents were subordinated to the Governor of Assam . The Dewans were representing
1748-480: The Governor of Assam . The State of Manipur had a set of two flags, a white one and a red one. All featured the Pakhangba dragon in the centre, although not as prominently in the latter flags. 24°49′N 93°57′E / 24.817°N 93.950°E / 24.817; 93.950 Kohima Kohima ( / k oʊ ˈ h iː m ə / ; Angami Naga : Kewhira ( IPA: [ˈkɛʍɪɻə] ))
1824-632: The Japfü – Barail intersection with Pulie Badze to the southwest overlooking the city. The city experiences a subtropical highland climate ( Köppen : Cwb ), with greater contrast between summer and winter than in other continents due to the monsoons but mild temperatures even for latitude and altitude. The months of June to September concentrate much of the precipitation. Kohima has been ranked 36th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India. Most Wards in Kohima experiences severe water shortages during
1900-545: The Kangla Fort on the banks of the Imphal River is believed to be where King Pakhangba built his first palace. Loyumba Shinyen , the written constitution of Kangleipak was formally developed by King Loiyumba (1074–1121) in 1110 AD. He consolidated the kingdom by incorporating most of the principalities in the surrounding hills. After subjugating all the villages within their valley Kangleipak kings grew in power and began
1976-628: The Kohima Metropolitan Area . It is headed by a Superintendent of Police (SP). Kevithuto Sophie is the current SP of Kohima. In 2020, the Kohima North Police Station became the first police station and a government facility in the entire North Eastern Region of India to receive the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001 Certification for quality management system. As of 2011, Kohima had
2052-712: The Meitei language (aka Manipuri language ) written in Bengali script , destroying many documents of Meitei language written in Meitei script and changed his name to Garib Niwaj. In 1724, the Sanskrit name Manipur ( transl. the City of Jewels ) was adopted as the name of the state, to make the realm eponymous with Manipura of the Mahabharata . King Garib Niwaj made several incursions into Burma , but made no permanent conquest. After
2128-543: The Taraf where he allied with the local Bengali Muslim leaders. With a contingent of Bengali Muslim soldiers led by Muhammad Sani , Shalungba then attempted to invade Manipur but the soldiers were captured and made to work as labourers in Manipur. These soldiers married local Meitei women and adapted to the Meitei language . They introduced hookah to Manipur and founded the Meitei Pangals (Manipuri Muslim community). It
2204-524: The Victoria Cross , for his actions during the battle of Thoubal. In 2021, the medal was auctioned along with other collectible items for an estimated sum of £420,000. 13 August is commemorated yearly as "Patriots Day" in Manipur, with remarks to honour the Manipuri soldiers that lost their lives during the war. Tikendrajit Singh's portrait is included in the National Portrait Gallery inside
2280-774: The 1840s. In 1944 during the Second World War the Battle of Kohima along with the simultaneous Battle of Imphal was the turning point in the Burma Campaign . For the first time in South-East Asia , the Japanese lost the initiative to the Allies , which the Allies then retained until the end of the war. This hand-to-hand battle and slaughter prevented the Japanese Army from gaining
2356-524: The British Political Agent , which facilitated the introduction and implementation of reforms. The first paved road to Manipur was inaugurated in 1900 —until then there had been no proper roads to reach the kingdom— and this improvement in communication facilitated a visit by Viceroy Lord Curzon in 1901. Raja Churachand was formally declared king in 1907 after completing education in Ajmer . In 1918 he
Anglo-Manipur War - Misplaced Pages Continue
2432-436: The British annexation of Upper Burma reduced the strategic importance of Manipur. They contemplated introducing reforms in the administration of Manipur, such as abolition of slavery and reform in trade, but, according to Guite, Tikendrajit stood in their way. On 21 September 1890, Tikendrajit Singh led a palace coup, ousting Maharaja Surachandra Singh and installing Kulachandra Singh as the ruler. He also pronounced himself as
2508-547: The British Government of India. However, there was no treaty between the British and Manipur confirming these arrangements. Consequently, the Manipuris tended to regard themselves as an independent state. In 1890, the reigning Maharaja was Surachandra Singh . His half-brother Kulachandra Singh was the jubraj (heir apparent) and another half-brother Tikendrajit Singh was the military commander ( senapati ). Frank Grimwood
2584-460: The British intervention the Naga and Kuki hill tribes of the state lapsed into lawlessness, with numerous instances of murder and arson in the mountain villages, a situation that lasted well into 1894. The child ruler Churachand belonged to a side branch of the Manipur royal family, so that all the main contenders to the throne were bypassed. While he was a minor the affairs of state were administered by
2660-744: The East . In 2013, the British National Army Museum voted the Battle of Kohima to be Britain's Greatest Battle . Kohima was originally known as Kewhi–ra . People from different places and directions came in search of a place to settle down and formed a homogenous group that necessitated the establishment of a village. They named it Kewhira which is derived from the Angami word kephfükewhi which means to "meet and assemble together" and ra means "village" with its area jurisdiction. The people of Kewhira are called Kewhimia ( mia means people) who are
2736-583: The Government of India, reminding the British of the services he had rendered. On 24 January 1891, the Governor-General instructed the Chief Commissioner of Assam to settle the matter by going to Manipur: The Governor-General in Council thinks that you should visit Manipur, for the avowed purpose of making, and, if necessary, enforcing, a decision on the merits of the case. You should probably have with you
2812-652: The House of the People in New Delhi. 23 April is also observed as the "Khongjom Day", marking the occasion of the battle of Khongjom. Manipur Kingdom The Manipur Kingdom also known as Meckley was an ancient kingdom at the India–Burma frontier. Historically, Manipur was an independent kingdom ruled by a Meitei dynasty . But it was also invaded and ruled over by Burmese kingdom at various point of time. It became
2888-655: The Tamu column was engaged in Thoubal, orders were sent to Kohima (in Naga Hills ) and Silchar (in Cachar ) to send expeditionary forces to Manipur. The Kohima column was launched on 20 April, encountering no resistance apart from coming under rifle fire four days later. On 21 April, the Silchar column reached Thoubal, the next day the Tamu column clashed with Manipur troops outside Pallel , after
2964-472: The Treaty of Yandabo was signed. According to the British political agent McCulloch , by the treaty of Yandabo, Manipur was declared independent but being too weak by itself to remain so, and its position being in a military point of view, of too much importance to permit the chance of the Burmese obtaining the command of it, the British government has been compelled to guard against such a chance and to retain in
3040-421: The action and attempted to arrest the general. The effort failed, with the Manipuri forces attacking the British residency and the resident and other British officials getting executed. The British launched a punitive expedition that lasted from 31 March to 27 April 1891. The general and other rebels were arrested and convicted. The British conquered Manipur and did not annex it under British India but governed it as
3116-517: The backdrop of widespread protests and civil unrest in the state, T. R. Zeliang announced his resignation as the Chief Minister of Nagaland. On 27 February 2023, a massive fire broke in Mao Market and NN Market, one of the biggest commercial areas in Kohima, causing complete damage to the markets. Kohima is located at 25°67' North, 94°10' East, in the southern part of Nagaland. It lies north of
Anglo-Manipur War - Misplaced Pages Continue
3192-432: The biggest annual festival in North East India. The festival is held every year from 1 to 10 December with the purpose to promote the richness of the Naga heritage and traditions. The main venue is located at the Kisama Heritage Village , located 12 km (7.5 mi) south of the city centre. The inhabitants of Kohima have been historically characterized as "fashion-conscious". Numerous fashion stores are located across
3268-436: The city and a number of fashion related events are held annually. The southern wards starting from Main Town and beyond are the most fashionable areas of Kohima. The Nagaland State Museum is located in Bayavü Hill and displays a comprehensive collection of artefacts including ancient sculptures, traditional dresses, inscriptions of the Naga people. The Kohima Jain Temple , the oldest Jain temple in North East India
3344-457: The city's economy. The number of tourists visiting Kohima has been increasing significantly each year. Kohima War Cemetery is a memorial dedicated to soldiers of the 2nd British Division of the Allied Forces who died in the Second World War at Kohima in April 1944. There are 1,420 Commonwealth burials of the Second World War at this cemetery. Sakhrie Park is a recreational park located at Middle Tsiepfü Tsiepfhe Ward (Middle AG) located between
3420-443: The command of Colonel Skene. The plan was to hold a Darbar in the residency with the erstwhile jubraj Kulachandra Singh (now regarded as the Regent) attending along with all the nobles, where a demand would be made to surrender the senapati . The Regent came to attend the Darbar, but the senapati did not. Another attempt was made the next day which was also unsuccessful. Quinton ordered the arrest of senapati in his own fort, which
3496-461: The country a political agent, all border disputes having been settled by this officer. However, the Burmese did not agree to the cession of Kabaw Valley. After prolonged negotiations, the British agreed to return Kabaw Valley to Burma, on the ground that Marjit Singh had already ceded it earlier. Some Manipuri scholars regard this as a lease to Burma. as the British paid a compensation of 500 Sicca Rupees per month. After these developments, Manipur
3572-436: The death of Gharib Nawaz in 1754, Manipur was occupied by the Kingdom of Burma and the Meitei king Bhagyachandra ( Meitei : Ching-Thang Khomba ) sought help from the British, but when the British refused help he went to Ahom King Rajeswar Singha who sent a force of 40,000 under Haranath Senapati Phukan to free Manipur. A treaty of alliance was negotiated in 1762 and a military force was sent to assist Manipur. The force
3648-426: The deposed King Kulachandra Singh and other leaders of the rebellion were sent to the Cellular Jail in the Andaman Islands . Manipur was briefly annexed to British India by virtue of the doctrine of lapse . On 22 September 1891 when Meidingngu Churachand (Churachandra), a 5-year-old boy, was put on the throne, power was restored nominally to the Manipuri crown over the state. During the dynastic disturbances and
3724-425: The dry seasons. The current water resources from the reservoirs of Zarü River and the streams from the slopes of Pulie Badze do not fulfill the needs of the rapidly growing population of Kohima. With the augmentation of the Zarü River project and several other upcoming water projects to be supplied from Dzüko Valley and others. The water supply is expected to cover more wards. The Kohima Municipal Council (KMC)
3800-494: The executions reached the British forces stationed at Tamu (a Burmese town on the border with Manipur). Lieutenant Charles James William Grant took the initiative to lead a contingent of 50 soldiers of the 12th (Burma) Madras Infantry and 35 members of the 43rd Gurkha Regiment, to handle the situation. On 31 March 1891, the Tamu column seized the village of Thoubal after ousting an 800-man Manipuri garrison. On 1 April, 2,000 Manipuri soldiers accompanied by two guns laid siege to
3876-420: The extension of the Disturbed Area Belt from 5 to 20 km along the Indo-Myanmar (Indo- Burma ) border. The event was so tumultuous that it led three Cabinet ministers and five State Ministers of Nagaland to resign. On 5 March 1995, when a convoy of the 16th Rashtriya Rifles of the Indian Army was traversing through Kohima, a tyre burst from one of the convoy's own vehicle led the armed troops to mistake
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#17328521819703952-438: The form of an annual allowance of Rs 6,370 and a British residency was established in Imphal, the only town of the state, in 1835 to facilitate communication between the British and the rulers of Manipur. After a thwarted attempt on his life, Nara Singh took power and held the throne until his death in 1850. His brother Devendra Singh was given the title of Raja by the British, but he was unpopular. After only three months,
4028-526: The indigenous inhabitants and hereditarily owned the land of Kewhira . According to oral history, the historical founder of Kewhira Village was Tsiera (stone defender). The village is said to be more than 700 years old and is believed to be the second largest village in Asia. The village is divided into four large clans ( thinuo ): Tsütuonuomia , Lhisemia , Dapfhütsumia and Pfüchatsumia (T, L, D, and P Khel respectively). The East India Company Administration started to expand into Kohima beginning
4104-416: The lapse of paramountcy of the British Crown, Manipur regained its political autonomy that it had prior to 1891. The Maharaja had signed the Instrument of Accession on 11 August 1947, which legality is argued by many, ceding the three subjects of defence, external affairs and communications to the Union of India , while retaining internal political autonomy. A ' Manipur State Constitution Act 1947 '
4180-505: The last battle of Anglo Manipur War. 350 infantrymen, 44 cavalry and 2 guns mounted an assault on the remainder of the Manipur army. Hand-to-hand fighting ensued, 2 British soldiers were killed and 11 were severely injured, while the Manipuri lost over 128 men including the death of high-ranking officials such as Major Paona Brajabasi , Heirang Kongja and Chinglensana . On 27 April 1891, the Silchar, Tamu and Kohima columns united, capturing Imphal after finding it deserted. The Union Jack
4256-399: The latter pursued the British troops, the Manipuris were once more pushed back.On 23 April, Manipur troops led by Poila Meiraba met the British troops at Kakching where Meiraba was killed in action along with 20 soldiers. On 25 April, British scouts encountered 500 Manipuri soldiers on the Khongjom hillock in the vicinity of Pallel .This battle is popularly known as Khongjom Battle being
4332-426: The memorial of the 2nd British Division in the cemetery has become world-famous as the Kohima poem. When You Go Home, Tell Them of Us and Say, For Your Tomorrow, We Gave Our Today. The verse is attributed to John Maxwell Edmonds (1875–1958), and is thought to have been inspired by the epitaph written by Simonides to honour the Greek who fell at the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC. When Nagaland became
4408-484: The new jubraj . Surachandra Singh took refuge in British residency, where Grimwood assisted him to flee the state. The Maharaja had given the impression that he was abdicating the throne but, after reaching the British territory in the neighbouring Assam Province , he recanted and wanted return to the state. Both the Political Agent and the Chief Commissioner of Assam, James Wallace Quinton , dissuaded him from returning. Surachandra Singh reached Calcutta and appealed to
4484-428: The rightful heir Chandrakirti Singh invaded Manipur and rose to the throne. Numerous members of the royal family tried to overthrow Chandrakirti Singh, but none of the rebellions was successful. In 1879, when British Deputy Commissioner G.H. Damant was killed by an Angami Naga party, the king of Manipur assisted the British by sending troops to neighbouring Kohima . Following this service to the crown, Chandrakirti Singh
4560-503: The sound of the tyre bursting for a bomb attack. The troops reacted immediately and started firing at civilian populace. A total of 7 were killed and 36 were left injured. The incident is widely referred to as the 1995 Kohima Massacre. On 2 February 2017, the office building of the Kohima Municipal Council was burned down by a mob as part of the boycott of the Civic Elections . The fire significantly damaged adjoining government and private buildings. On 19 February, in response against
4636-421: The throne while Tikendrajit Singh, as the commander of the Manipuri armed forces, held the real power behind the scenes. Meanwhile, Surachandra Singh, after leaving Manipur, appealed to the British for help to recover the throne. The British decided to recognise Kulachandra Singh as Raja, and to send a military expedition of 400 men to Manipur to punish Senapati Tikendrajit Singh as the main person responsible for
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#17328521819704712-402: The unrest and the dynastic disturbances. This action and the violent events that followed are known in British annals as the 'Manipur Expedition, 1891', while in Manipur they are known as the 'Anglo-Manipur War of 1891'. The British attempt to remove Tikendrajit from his position as military commander (Senapati) and arrest him on 24 March 1891 caused a great stir. The British Residency in Imphal
4788-411: The village, Grant's troops repelled numerous attacks during the course of nine days. On 9 April, the Tamu column retreated from Thoubal in order to join the other columns, after being reinforced by 100 rifles led by Captain Presgrave of the 12th (Burma) Madras Infantry. Manipur forces suffered heavy casualties during the engagement at Thoubal while the British lost one soldier dead and four wounded. While
4864-415: Was attacked and the Chief Commissioner for Assam J.W. Quinton , Col. Sken, the British Resident and other British officials were murdered. In the middle of the unrest Ethel St Clair Grimwood , the widow of Frank St Clair Grimmond, the killed British Resident, was credited with leading a retreat of surviving sepoys out of Manipur to Cachar. She was later lauded as a hero. A 5,000 strong punitive expedition
4940-419: Was enacted, giving the state its own constitution, although this did not become known in other parts of India owing to the relative isolation of the kingdom. The Government of India did not recognize the Constitution. On 21 September 1949, the Maharaja was coerced to sign a Manipur Merger Agreement with the Union of India, to take effect on 15 October the same year, which legality is also disputed by many As
5016-529: Was established in 1920. The most widely circulated newspapers in Kohima are The Morung Express , Nagaland Post , Eastern Mirror , Nagaland Page and the local newspaper Capi . The city was also home to the now defunct Kewhira Dielie , the first modern newspaper published from Nagaland. State-owned All India Radio has a local station in Kohima, which transmits various programs of mass interest like AIR FM Tragopan , etc. The major public transportation in Kohima are buses and taxis. Kohima
5092-407: Was established in 2005 under India's Constitution (Seventy-Fourth Amendment) Act, 1992. It has waste management, drainage and trade licensing and other responsibilities. Other departments of the state government , which sit in Kohima, also have a role in the administration of Kohima. The "City Development Plan" for the town, for example, was written by state Urban Development Department. Kohima
5168-482: Was evidently repulsed and the residency itself was besieged. Finally Quinton went on to negotiate with Tikendrajit, accompanied by Grimwood, Skene and other British officers. The talks failed and while returning, the British party was attacked by an "angry crowd". Grimwood was speared to death. The others escaped to the fort. But during the night the crowd led them out and executed them, Quinton included. According to later accounts, Quinton had proposed to Kulachandra Singh
5244-437: Was given a substantial measure of local self-government under the Territorial Councils Act of 1956, a legislative body and council of ministers in 1963, and full statehood in 1972. The rulers of Manipur state were entitled to an 11- gun salute by the British authorities. The present dynasty began in 1714. There were two feudatory kings during the time of the Burmese invasions . The Political agents were subordinated to
5320-443: Was given the privilege to use the title ' Maharaja ' and during his reign Manipur enjoyed a period of relative peace and prosperity. In 1934 king Churachand was knighted by the British, becoming Sir Churachandra Singh. Between March 1944 and July 1944 part of Manipur and the Naga Hills District of Assam Province were occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army . The capital Imphal was shelled on 10 May 1944. On 14 August 1947, with
5396-431: Was hoisted above the Kangla Palace, 62 native loyalists were freed by the British troops. On 23 May 1891, Tikendrajit Singh was detained by British authorities On 13 August 1891, five Manipuri commanders including Tikendrajit were hanged for waging war against the British Empire , Kulachandra Singh along with 21 Manipuri noblemen, who received sentences of property forfeiture and transportation for life. Manipur underwent
5472-458: Was later recalled and then the state was left to its own devices. Manipur was invaded at the onset of the First Anglo-Burmese War , together with Cachar and Assam . Following the Burmese occupation of Manipur and of Assam , in 1824, the British declared war on Burma, which came to be known as the First Anglo-Burmese War . The exiled Manipur prince Gambhir Singh sought British help for raising
5548-596: Was rewarded with the Order of the Star of India . After Maharaja Chandrakriti's death in 1886 his son Surachandra Singh succeeded him. As in previous occasions, several claimants to the throne tried to overthrow the new king. The first three attempts were defeated, but in 1890, following an attack on the palace by Tikendrajit and Kulachandra Singh , two of the king's brothers, Surachandra Singh announced his intention to abdicate and left Manipur for Cachar. Kulachandra Singh then rose to
5624-430: Was sent against Manipur on 27 April 1891. Three British columns entered Manipur from British Burma , Cachar and the Naga Hills, which after several skirmishes with the 3,000 men strong Manipuri army, managed to pacify the kingdom. Following the British attack, Tikendrajit and Kulachandra Singh fled, but were captured. Tikendrajit and those Manipuris involved in the killing of the British officers were tried and hanged, while
5700-431: Was set on fire soon after their departure. Ethel Grimwood, the only woman in the retreat from the residency was later lionised as a heroine of the "Manipur Disaster" when she returned to Britain. She received a medal, £1,000, and a civil list pension. She later wrote her biography. According to scholar K. D. Reynolds, her contribution is unclear, but a hero was required and Ethel became that hero. On 27 March 1891, news of
5776-533: Was the British Political Agent. Tikendrajit is said to have been the most able of the three siblings, and was also friendly with the Political Agent. According to historian Katherine Prior, the British influence depended on the military aid they had provided to the ruling family, which had dried up in the 1880s, leading Tikendrajit to doubt the value of British alliance. Historian Jangkhomang Guite states
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