The Amato Group , officially the Action Committee for European Democracy ( ACED ) was a group of high-level European politicians unofficially working, over 2006–2007, on rewriting the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe into what became known as the Treaty of Lisbon (December 2007) following the earlier treaty's rejection, in 2005, by referendums in France and the Netherlands .
49-708: Led by Giuliano Amato (thus the group's unofficial name), a former Prime Minister of Italy who was also Vice-President of the original European Convention , the group was backed by the Barroso Commission , who sent two representatives, the commissioners Danuta Hübner (regional policy) and Margot Wallström (communications). The group consisted of 16 members from 14 member states of the European Union, including one current European Commissioner : The group first met in Rome on 30 September 2006. On 4 June 2007 they released
98-408: A degree fully equivalent to a PhD and are recognized International Doctoral Programmes involving various forms of collaboration and joint ventures with foreign universities. There are also worldwide important international corporations and industrial partners that are closely linked to Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, such as: the nearby Piaggio where there are special Sant'Anna Laboratories at
147-536: A multi-disciplinary approach to learning, research, and internationalization. Students are admitted after passing public national and international competitions. The fields of study and research are: Prospective undergraduates undergo a rigorous public examination, and only the very best are creamed off to combine their Pisa University studies with the extra options available at Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, thus these students are called Honors College Students ( Italian : Allievi Ordinari ). Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna
196-503: A series of corruption scandals rocked Italy and swept away almost an entire class of political leaders. Amato himself was never implicated, notwithstanding how close he was to Bettino Craxi , a central figure in the corruption system. As prime minister, Amato responded effectively to two devaluations of the lira in the wake of currency speculation that led Italy to be expelled from the European Monetary System by cutting
245-577: A small yearly income for their maintenance. While attending the Pisa University courses, the Honors College Students ( allievi ) live in the school's college. Students have to achieve a high average grade in university exams (at least 27/30) and attend internal courses (including foreign language classes offered in French, Spanish, German and Chinese) taught by professors and researchers working at
294-624: A weak executive and fragmented legislature. In December 2001, European Union leaders at the European Council in Laeken appointed Amato and former Belgian Prime Minister Jean-Luc Dehaene to be Vice Presidents of the Convention on the Future of Europe to assist former French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing in the drafting of the new European Constitution. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of
343-564: Is a bionic hand for people to have an upper limb amputee. The ARTS Lab - Advanced Robotics Technology and System , created the famous breakthrough in the field of bio-robotics with the so-called CYBER HAND , shown on CNN International 's Vital Signs Life Hand report . Sant'Anna also undertakes many international projects which are tied to the European Commission , the Government of Italy and its ministries, as well as regional projects of
392-712: Is a special-statute, highly selective public research university located in Pisa , Italy. Together with the University of Pisa and Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa , it is part of the Pisa University System . The rector is Sabina Nuti, who took office on 7 May 2019. Before her, the rector of the school was Pierdomenico Perata , elected on 8 May 2013 after the resignation of Maria Chiara Carrozza , due to her election as Member of Parliament and appointment as Minister of Education, University and Research . Since January 2014,
441-607: Is also integrated with the Scuola Normale Superiore and Honors College Students are free to attend courses provided by departments other than their own, as well as those provided by the Scuola Normale Superiore . As of 2020 , 50 freshmen are admitted per year, equally divided between the Class of Social Sciences and the Class of Experimental Sciences. The School offers all of its services free of charge (accommodation, canteen, internet connection, library); students also receive
490-462: Is in top 20% in teaching, industry income and citations in the world, and Scuola Normale Superiore is in top 10% in teaching and top 20% in research on global level. Also, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies together with Scuola Normale Superiore are named as leading institutions in Italy's six top higher education institutes by Times Higher Education World University Rankings , where for 2014-2015
539-595: Is the descendant of several institutions modelled on the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa , also known in Italian as Scuola Normale, which is a higher learning institution in Pisa. It was founded in 1810, by Napoleonic decree, as a branch of the École normale supérieure of Paris . The school, whose origins, in the context of the Pisa university reality , are rooted in the Collegio Medico-Giuridico already attached to
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#1732852791813588-584: The 150 Under 50 Rankings 2016 , Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies is ranked #10 in the world . As for 2015-16 rankings, Times Higher Education World University Rankings puts Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies at 180th place in the world, 90 place in Europe and 2nd in Italy , and Scuola Normale Superiore 112 place in the world, 50 place in Europe and 1st in Italy. According to Times Higher Education World University Rankings , Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies
637-915: The American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2002. Amato was a Member of the Senate representing the constituency of Grosseto in Tuscany from 2001 to 2006. In 2006, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the Olive Tree list, and he was named Minister of the Interior in Romano Prodi's centre-left government. Since 2010, he also leads advanced seminar classes at the Master in International Public Affairs of
686-623: The LUISS School of Government . On 12 September 2013, President Giorgio Napolitano appointed Amato as judge on the Constitutional Court of Italy , where he has served since then. On 16 September 2020 Amato ran for the position of President of the Constitutional Court, but lost in the second round of voting against Mario Rosario Morelli who obtained nine votes, while Giancarlo Coraggio obtained five and Amato received one. He
735-554: The Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy) . He resigned from his post at the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies after being appointed to the Constitutional Court in September 2013. In 2011, Amato declared that Italian creativity is not supported by adequate efficiency in organising its public and private entities. He believes it had a role in the lost hope in the future and in
784-512: The Polo Sant'Anna Valdera (PSAV), which contributes to the industrial process, Leonardo , Fiat ( Centro Ricerche Fiat ), Telecom Italia , Marconi Communications , Ericsson Research , Deutsche Telekom , Mitsubishi Electric Corporation , Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd , etc. Polo Sant'Anna Valdera (PSAV) is a research center of Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies based in Pontedera (Pisa). It
833-744: The Scuola Normale Superiore and the Collegio ‘Antonio Pacinotti, and was formally established by the Law of 14 February 1987, No. 41, which marked the unification of the Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento Law (7 March 1967), No. 117, and the Conservatorio di Sant’Anna, the Royal Decree of 13 February 1908 No. LXXVIII. The present-day site is acquired from a very ancient religious educational establishment. The Sant'Anna Church and Convent
882-585: The Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa , which today is Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies ), he guarded close contact with the university, previously heading Sant'Anna Alumni Association . He was appointed as President of the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies on 21 February 2012 by the Academic Senate of Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies and by a Decree of the Minister Francesco Profumo of
931-540: The Superior Graduate Schools in Italy ( Grandes écoles ) ( Italian : Scuola Superiore Universitaria ), also called Schools of Excellence ( Italian : Scuole di Eccellenza ) such as Scuola Normale Superiore and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies still keep their reputed historical "Diploma di Perfezionamento" PhD title by law and MIUR Decree . The Doctoral Programmes at Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies grant Diploma di Perfezionamento ,
980-542: The University of Pisa create the Pisa University System . The Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies has been given separate university status by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy) and together with Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa is leading the model of Scuole di Eccellenza, i.e. Superior Graduate School in Italy ( Grandes écoles ) Students are admitted after passing public national and international competitions. Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies offers to those who decide to take excellence,
1029-492: The University of Pisa in 1960 while attending the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico of the Scuola Normale Superiore , which today is Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies . As a Fulbright grantee, he received a master's degree in comparative law from Columbia Law School in 1963. After teaching at the Universities of Modena , Perugia and Florence , he worked as professor of Italian and Comparative Constitutional Law at
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#17328527918131078-628: The University of Rome La Sapienza from 1975 to 1997. Amato began his political career in 1958 when he joined the Italian Socialist Party . He was a Member of Parliament from 1983 to 1993. He was Undersecretary of State to the Prime Minister's office from 1983 to 1987, Deputy Prime Minister from 1987 to 1988, and Minister for the Treasury from 1987 to 1989. From June 1992 to April 1993, Amato served as prime minister. During those ten months,
1127-519: The World Justice Project . The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen the Rule of Law for the development of communities of opportunity and equity. In 2012 Giuliano Amato was appointed as President of the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies . As alumnus of Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies (attending the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico of
1176-532: The budget deficit drastically, thus taking the first steps in the road that would bring Italy to adopt the Euro. At a point, his government was harshly contested because of a decree that suddenly moved the competence for corruption investigations into the hands of the police, which, being controlled directly by the government, would have not been independent. Fearing that the new system would have effectively blocked investigations of political corruption, Italians took to
1225-480: The subject categories economics and econometrics on world stage at # 201. As far as the rankings in the faculty category is concerned, it is ranked on world stage at # 385 for engineering and technology. The Scimago Institution Ranking are based on the SCOPUS bibliometric database, featuring thirteen performance indicators of, innovation and web visibility. The following are some of Sant'Anna Schools best results at
1274-676: The 1790s. If he did not believe the national identity is always something more important than sub-national or sovran-national ones, Amato believes in the multi-layer identities model proposed by Alberto Banti in a way for which the European identity strengthens the Italian identity even when they live and work in a foreign country. According to him, the Italian identity is kept alive in any country in which they should have gone. Sant%27Anna School of Advanced Studies The Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies ( Italian : SSSA, Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento Sant'Anna )
1323-539: The Constitution. The new treaty would not include everything in a single document, as the Constitution would do, but rather: As a result, the new TEU defines the framework of the European Union, whereas the amended TEC defines in detail the law and decision making procedures , what the policy areas of the Union are, and which law or decision making procedure should be followed in a certain policy area. Both treaties would have
1372-796: The Region of Tuscany and the Province of Pisa . The school maintains a number of research laboratories , some of which are located at the National Research Council ( CNR ) whose largest research center is in Pisa . In the framework of the bilateral cooperation between Italy and China i.e. the Office of Chinese Language Council International ( Hanban ), Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna hosts the third Italian Confucius Institute . Research Institutes : Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies has signed international agreements with respected partner universities around
1421-480: The School are selected through a rigorous public examination with written and oral tests, with about 5% admission rate. They are all awarded a full government-funded scholarship which includes accommodation, canteen, research and travel grants. In exchange, they are expected to hold the highest standards in their studies at both the School and at the partner Universities. The present-day Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies
1470-441: The School, both as an integration and as an extension to the regular academic schedule. The School also offers graduate courses such as master and doctoral programmes, provided by its research laboratories and joint ventures with foreign universities, leading enterprises and international organizations. The first institution in Italy to create a doctoral program ( PhD ) was Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa in 1927 under
1519-581: The completed draft text. The size of the text is cut from 63,000 words in 448 articles in the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (EU Constitution) to 12,800 in 70 articles in the proposed text of a new EU-treaty. The sized down text came from including only the innovations contained in the third part of the EU Constitution – which essentially ties together former EU treaties – and putting them into additional protocols. The two protocols would be attached to
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1568-636: The country's earliest-serving surviving Prime Minister. Later, he was Vice President of the Convention on the Future of Europe that drafted the European Constitution and headed the Amato Group . He is commonly nicknamed dottor Sottile , which means " Doctor Subtilis ", the sobriquet of the Scottish Medieval philosopher John Duns Scotus, a reference to his political subtlety. From 2006 to 2008, he
1617-710: The end of his term, he would retire from politics, stressing that his was a true commitment and that he would not break this promise as some politicians (whom he characterized as " mandarins ") used to do. However, this promise was short-lived; Amato has regularly come under criticism for having made such a solemn commitment and failing to keep it. Amato was President of the Italian antitrust authority from November 1994 to December 1997, Minister for Institutional Reforms in Massimo D'Alema 's first government from October 1998 to May 1999, and, once again, Treasury Minister in D'Alema's second government from December 1999 to April 2000. Amato
1666-639: The existing Treaty on the European Union and the Treaty Establishing the European Community. The text stripped the rejected constitution of its constitutional elements, including the article on the EU's symbols and the controversial "God-less" preamble, reduced the Charter of Fundamental Rights to one legally binding article and foresees a new name for new EU foreign policy chief, called 'Union foreign minister' in
1715-464: The globe. As part of the Pisa University System , Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies is small and elite, specialised only in applied sciences. The Academic Ranking of World Universities puts it, together with Scuola Normale Superiore , at the 1st place in Italy (National Rank # 1) and within the best 30 universities in Europe. In 2016 Times Higher Education World University Rankings
1764-463: The historic name "Diploma di Perfezionamento" . Research doctorates or PhD ( Italian : Dottorato di ricerca ) in Italy were introduced with law and Presidential Decree in 1980 ( Law of 21 February 1980, No. 28 and the Presidential Decree No. 382 of 11 July 1980 ), referring to the reform of academic teaching, training and experimentation in organisation and teaching methods. Hence,
1813-638: The new TEU (Article I-28 of the European Constitution, Article 27 of the new treaty), but the Amato Group has stated it has no problem with a name change. Giuliano Amato Giuliano Amato OMRI ( Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈljaːno aˈmaːto] ; born 13 May 1938) is an Italian politician who twice served as Prime Minister of Italy , first from 1992 to 1993 and again from 2000 to 2001. Upon Arnaldo Forlani 's death in July 2023, Amato became
1862-471: The same legal value, as is the case with the current TEU and TEC. Furthermore, the Charter of Fundamental Rights would have the same legal value as the new TEU and the amended TEC. Titles I to IX of the new TEU are literally taken over from Part I of the European Constitution, with only the following modifications: Furthermore, the article concerning the Union Minister for Foreign Affairs is maintained in
1911-458: The school has been presided over by Yves Mény , until the School joined the first Federation of Universities in Italy, together with two among the other twenty Scuole Superiori Universitarie ( Grandes Écoles ): Scuola Normale Superiore and Scuola Superiore Studi Pavia IUSS . Before him, the president was Giuliano Amato , a former prime minister of Italy and currently judge of the Constitutional Court. The undergraduate Allievi Ordinari of
1960-542: The sense of a common national identity, as well as it had not been yet perfectioned as a whole in a way that was congruent with its essence. That loss had favoured the flourishing of xenophobia and purported regional identities, such as the Lega Nord movement. Amato thinks that the brigandage in Southern Italy after 1861 was an unfair and unlawful movement that cannot be seen as a form of antinational rebellion; however,
2009-711: The soldiers and the officials of the Borbonic Army who joined the movement cannot be defined as betrayers of the ongoing Italy. It is also not credible that the Expedition of the Thousand could have caused the annexation of the Southern Italy to the Kingdom of Sardinia by itself, while the main political and cultural foundations had been thrown by the works of intellectuals like Francesco Mario Pagano and Vincenzo Cuoco produced in
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2058-504: The streets in massive, spontaneous rallies. President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro refused to sign the decree, deeming it blatantly unconstitutional. While his justice minister Giovanni Conso took the blame, it has been disputed whether Amato was a victim of circumstances or whether he wanted to save the corruption-ridden system. At the end of his period as prime minister, Amato gave a speech to the Parliament in which he solemnly promised that at
2107-527: The world and national level: World The official agency of the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research ( MIUR ), the Agenzia nazionale di valutazione del sistema universitario e della ricerca (ANVUR) ranks Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies the best small university for 2013 in Italy (National Rank # 1). The European Research Ranking, a ranking based on publicly available data from
2156-646: Was established in 1406, while the church was finished in 1426, by the Order of the Benedictine Nuns (OSB). In 1785, the Conservatorio di Sant'Anna was initiated by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany . Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor as a consequence of abolition of the religious orders due to Leopold's reforms; the convent was suppressed in 1786. Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and
2205-553: Was inaugurated in 2002 thanks to the interest of the then president of Piaggio , Giovanni Alberto Agnelli . The property is housed in converted sheds donated by Piaggio . The main research is in the fields of robotics , bioengineering , biotechnology , precision engineering , computing and virtual environments . Polo Sant'Anna Valdera (PSAV) has 25 offices, 4 classrooms for teaching, 7 laboratories, 20 rooms, all six thousand square meters. There currently employs about hundred people. The most important project in these laboratories
2254-577: Was nearly nominated for the Presidency of the Republic and was a close contender to replace Michel Camdessus as head of the International Monetary Fund . Amato served as prime minister again from April 2000 to May 2001. He promoted economic competitiveness as well as social protection. In addition to economic reforms, he pushed ahead with political and institutional reforms, trying to deal with
2303-438: Was ranked at 63rd place in the world and 15th in Europe. Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies has been mapped by Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings as one of the most important educational institutions in Italy (section on Italy i.e. Top universities and specialisms ), having its Graduate/Postgraduate Profile . For 2016 the QS World University Rankings has ranked Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies in
2352-460: Was subsequently made Vice President by Morelli. He was confirmed in this position by Coraggio who became president in December 2020. Amato is married to Diana Vincenzi, a professor of Family Law at the University of Rome. They have two children, Elisa and Lorenzo, and five grandchildren, Giulia, Marco, Simone, Elena and Irene. As of September 2020, Amato is a member of the Italian Aspen Institute . Giuliano Amato serves as an Honorary Co-chair for
2401-411: Was the Minister of the Interior in Romano Prodi 's government. He served on the Constitutional Court of Italy from September 2013 to September 2022, to which he was appointed by President Giorgio Napolitano . He also served as President of the Court from 29 January 2022 to 18 September 2022. Born in Turin into a Sicilian family, Amato grew up in Tuscany . He received a first degree in law from
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