Misplaced Pages

#866133

18-504: The Battle of Adamclisi was a major clash fought nearby during Trajan's Dacian Wars in the winter of 101/102 between the Roman Empire and the Dacians resulting in a decisive Roman victory, though both sides suffered very heavy casualties. A Roman fort named Civitas Tropaensium was built here and in 109 AD Trajan's Trophy ( Tropaeum Traiani ) was built to commemorate his victories over

36-542: A citadel and residential areas with dwellings and workshops as well as a sacred zone. The archaeological inventory found at the site demonstrates that Dacian society had a relatively high standard of living. Historical records show considerable variation in the spelling of the name of the Dacian capital: Towards the end of his reign, Burebista transferred the Geto-Dacian capital from Argedava to Sarmizegetusa. Serving as

54-626: The Dacians . Colonized with Roman veterans of the Dacian Wars , the city was the largest Roman city of Scythia Minor and became a municipium in the year 170. Destroyed by the Goths , it was rebuilt during the rule of Constantine the Great with better defensive walls, which defended the city successfully until the Avars sacked it in 587. After that moment, it ceased to be among the important cities of Dobrogea and

72-666: The Danube , in the Roman province of Moesia , in an attempt to force the Romans to leave their positions in the mountains near Sarmizegetusa. The Dacian army, together with the Roxolani and the Bastarnae , crossed the frozen Danube but, because the weather was not cold enough, the ice broke under their weight, causing many to die in the frozen water. Trajan moved his army from the mountains, following

90-456: The Roman Empire and the Dacians near Adamclisi , in modern Romania . After the victory of Second Battle of Tapae , Emperor Trajan decided to wait until spring to continue his offensive on Sarmizegetusa , the capital of Dacia . The Dacian king Decebalus benefited from this, and made out a plan along with the neighboring allied tribes of the Roxolans and Bastarnae , to attack south of

108-405: The 1968 administrative reform. At the 2021 census , Adamclisi had a population of 2,044. At the 2011 census , the population of the commune included 2,092 Romanians (97.30%), 42 Turks (1.95%), 8 others (0.37%), and 8 with undeclared ethnicity (0.37%). Battle of Adamclisi The Battle of Adamclisi was a major clash during the Dacian Wars , fought in the winter of 101 to 102 between

126-479: The Dacian capital for at least one and a half centuries, Sarmizegethusa reached its zenith under King Decebal . Archeological findings suggest that the Dacian god Zalmoxis and his chief priest had an important role in Dacian society at this time. They have also shed new light on the political, economic and scientific development of the Dacians and their successful assimilation of technical and scientific knowledge from

144-458: The Dacians into Moesia. A first battle was fought at night somewhere near the town of Nicopolis , a battle with few casualties on either side and with no crucial result. However, as the Romans received reinforcements, they were able to corner the Dacio-Sarmatian army. The decisive battle was fought at Adamclisi, a difficult battle for both the Dacians and the Romans. Even though the outcome of

162-546: The Greek and Romans. The site has yielded two especially notable finds: The smithies north of the sanctuary also provide evidence of the Dacians' skill in metalworking: findings include tools such as metre-long tongs, hammers and anvils which were used to make some 400 metallic artefacts — scythes, sickles, hoes, rakes, picks, pruning hooks, knives, plowshares, and carpenters' tools — as well as weapons such as daggers, curved Dacian scimitars, spearpoints, and shields. Nevertheless,

180-591: The Romans under Domitian were forced to pay an annual gift to the Dacians. Decebalus was obliged to reconsider his foreign policies, and “to have friends and enemies the friends and enemies of the Roman Empire”, as described by Dio Cassius . After the conquest of Dacia following the 105–106 war, Trajan built the Tropaeum Traiani at Adamclisi in 109, in memory of the battle. On the Tropaeum Traiani monument

198-557: The Turkish people settled in this area, they thought the Ancient Roman monument was a church). Villages in the Adamclisi commune: The territory of the commune also includes the former village of Cucuruz (historical name: Iusuf Punar ), located at 44°7′28″N 27°55′51″E  /  44.12444°N 27.93083°E  / 44.12444; 27.93083 , nominally merged with Urluia by

SECTION 10

#1732855853867

216-470: The battle was a decisive Roman victory, both sides suffered very heavy casualties. After the battle, Trajan advanced to Sarmizegetusa , Decebalus requesting a truce. Trajan agreed to the peace offerings. This time the peace was favorable to the Roman Empire : Decebalus must yield the territories occupied by the Roman army, and he must give back to the Romans all the weapons and war machines received after 89, when

234-401: The early 1900s, and was initially mistaken for the Dacian capital, a confusion which led to incorrect conclusions being made regarding the military history and organization of the Dacians. Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain the origin of the name Sarmizegetusa . The most important of these ascribe the following possible meanings to the city's name: Sarmizegetusa Regia contained

252-568: The end of the First Dacian War in AD 102, when Dacia was invaded by the Emperor Trajan of the Roman Empire and rebuilt as Roman fortifications. The latter were subsequently destroyed, possibly by the Dacians, and then rebuilt again following the successful siege of the site in AD 105–6. The Roman conquerors established a military garrison at Sarmizegetusa Regia. Later, the capital of Roman Dacia

270-457: The flowering of Dacian civilization apparently underway during the reign of Decebalus came to an abrupt end when Trajan's legions destroyed the city and deported its population. The Dacian capital’s defensive system includes six Dacian fortresses — Sarmizegetusa, Costești-Blidaru , Piatra Roșie , Costești-Cetățuie , Căpâlna and Bănița . All six have been named UNESCO World heritage sites. Sarmizegetusa's walls were partly dismantled at

288-465: The fortress, consisting of six citadels, was the core of a strategic and defensive system in the Orăștie Mountains (in present-day Romania ). Sarmizegetusa Regia should not be confused with Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa , the Roman capital of Dacia built by Roman Emperor Trajan some 40 km away, which was not the Dacian capital. Sarmizegetusa Ulpia was discovered earlier, was known already in

306-473: Was a frieze comprising 54 metopes . Sarmizegetusa Regia Sarmizegetusa Regia (also known as Sarmisegetusa , Sarmisegethusa , Sarmisegethuza ; Ancient Greek : Ζαρμιζεγεθούσα , romanized :  Zarmizegethoúsa ) was the capital and the most important military, religious and political centre of the Dacians before the wars with the Roman Empire . Built on top of a 1200 m high mountain,

324-682: Was no longer mentioned for seven hundred years. During the Ottoman rule, the village was re-founded by Turkish settlers. After Dobruja was awarded to Romania, in 1878, the Muslim population left for Turkey, leaving the village deserted. However, in 1880 – 1881, the village was re-settled with Romanians from Transylvania and Teleorman . The current name has a Turkish origin and it is an adaptation in Romanian of "Adam Kilisse" which means "the Church of Adam" (when

#866133