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48-584: The Acid3 test is a web test page from the Web Standards Project that checks a web browser 's compliance with elements of various web standards , particularly the Document Object Model (DOM) and JavaScript . If the test is successful, the results of the Acid3 test will display a gradually increasing fraction counter below a series of colored rectangles. The number of subtests passed will indicate

96-723: A community of major web players and publishers to establish a MediaWiki wiki that seeks to document open web standards called the WebPlatform and WebPlatform Docs. In January 2013, Beihang University became the Chinese host. In 2022 the W3C WebFonts Working Group won an Emmy Award from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences for standardizing font technology for custom downloadable fonts and typography for web and TV devices. On 1 January 2023, it reformed as

144-431: A competition to fill in the missing 16. The following developers contributed to the final test through this competition: Even before its official release, Acid3's impact on browser development was dramatic. In particular, WebKit 's score rose from 60 to 87 in less than a month. The test was officially released on 3 March 2008. A guide and commentary was expected to follow within a few months, but, as of March 2011, only

192-599: A new edition or level of the recommendation. Additionally, the W3C publishes various kinds of informative notes which are to be used as references. Unlike the Internet Society and other international standards bodies, the W3C does not have a certification program. The W3C has decided, for now, that it is not suitable to start such a program, owing to the risk of creating more drawbacks for the community than benefits. In January 2023, after 28 years of being jointly administered by

240-456: A public-interest 501(c)(3) non-profit organization . W3C develops technical specifications for HTML5 , CSS , SVG , WOFF , the Semantic Web stack , XML , and other technologies. Sometimes, when a specification becomes too large, it is split into independent modules that can mature at their own pace. Subsequent editions of a module or specification are known as levels and are denoted by

288-441: A regression from 100 to 99 on 14 September 2016; Firefox 55.0a1 further regressed to 97 on 1 May 2017. In Firefox Quantum versions, 63.0 received 97/100; 64.0 got 96/100, 68.1.0esr and later got 97/100. Firefox versions 105.0 received 99/100 while 109.0 clocked in at 97/100. As of 121.0 it scored 97/100 on the test. Microsoft said that Acid3 did not agree with the goal of Internet Explorer 8 and that IE8 would improve only some of

336-411: A result, Firefox 4 and Internet Explorer 9 achieved a score of 100/100 on Acid3, but Internet Explorer didn't render the test properly because it did not support text-shadow until Internet Explorer 10. Parts of the following standards are tested by Acid3: A passing score is only considered valid if the browser's default settings were used. The following browser settings and user actions may invalidate

384-493: A score of 71. Firefox 3.5 scored 93/100, and Firefox 3.6 scored 94/100. Initially, Firefox 4 scored 97/100, because it did not support SVG fonts. Later, Firefox 4 scored 100/100, because the SVG font tests were removed from Acid3. According to Mozilla employee Robert O'Callahan, Firefox did not support SVG fonts because Mozilla considered WOFF a superior alternative to SVG fonts. Another Mozilla engineer, Boris Zbarsky, claimed that

432-576: A set of core principles and components that are chosen by the consortium. It was originally intended that CERN host the European branch of W3C; however, CERN wished to focus on particle physics , not information technology . In April 1995, the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation became the European host of W3C, with Keio University Research Institute at SFC becoming

480-518: A violation of the SVG 1.1 standard to pass. Hickson fixed the bug with the help of Cameron McCormack, a member of W3C's SVG Working Group. In 2008, development versions of the Presto and WebKit layout engines (used by Opera and Safari respectively) scored 100/100 on the test and rendered the test page correctly. At the time, no browser using the Presto or WebKit layout engines passed the performance aspect of

528-462: A working draft (WD) for review by the community. A WD document is the first form of a standard that is publicly available. Commentary by virtually anyone is accepted, though no promises are made with regard to action on any particular element commented upon. At this stage, the standard document may have significant differences from its final form. As such, anyone who implements WD standards should be ready to significantly modify their implementations as

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576-403: Is done by external experts in the W3C's various working groups. The Consortium is governed by its membership. The list of members is available to the public. Members include businesses, nonprofit organizations, universities, governmental entities, and individuals. Membership requirements are transparent except for one requirement: An application for membership must be reviewed and approved by

624-465: Is exhaustive test suites for specifications—XHTML, CSS, DOM, SVG." "Implementing just enough of the standard to pass a test is disingenuous, and has nothing to do with standards compliance," argued Mozilla UX lead Alex Limi, in his article "Mythbusting: Why Firefox 4 won't score 100 on Acid3." Limi argued that some of the tests, particularly those for SVG fonts, have no relation to real usage, and implementations in some browsers have been created solely for

672-653: Is not a bitmap, in order to allow for certain differences in font rendering. Acid3 was in development from April 2007, and released on 3 March 2008. The main developer was Ian Hickson , a Google employee who also wrote the Acid2 test. Acid2 focused primarily on Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), but this third Acid test also focuses on technologies used on highly interactive websites characteristic of Web 2.0 , such as ECMAScript and DOM Level 2 . A few subtests also concern Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Extensible Markup Language ( XML ), and data URIs . It includes several elements from

720-555: Is now endorsed by the W3C, indicating its readiness for deployment to the public, and encouraging more widespread support among implementors and authors. Recommendations can sometimes be implemented incorrectly, partially, or not at all, but many standards define two or more levels of conformance that developers must follow if they wish to label their product as W3C-compliant. A recommendation may be updated or extended by separately-published, non-technical errata or editor drafts until sufficient substantial edits accumulate for producing

768-555: Is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web . Founded in 1994 and led by Tim Berners-Lee , the consortium is made up of member organizations that maintain full-time staff working together in the development of standards for the World Wide Web. As of 5 March 2023, W3C had 462 members. W3C also engages in education and outreach, develops software and serves as an open forum for discussion about

816-562: Is the version of a standard that has passed the prior two levels. The users of the standard provide input. At this stage, the document is submitted to the W3C Advisory Council for final approval. While this step is important, it rarely causes any significant changes to a standard as it passes to the next phase. This is the most mature stage of development. At this point, the standard has undergone extensive review and testing, under both theoretical and practical conditions. The standard

864-534: The CSS 3 Text Shadows and the CSS 2.x Downloadable Fonts specifications, which are currently under consideration by W3C to be standardized. This is required as the test uses a custom TrueType font , called "AcidAhemTest", to cover up a 20x20 red square. Supporting Truetype fonts however is not required by the CSS specification. A browser supporting only OpenType fonts with CFF outlines or Embedded OpenType fonts could support

912-537: The CSS2 recommendation that were later removed in CSS2.1 , but reintroduced in World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) CSS3 working drafts that have not made it to candidate recommendations yet. By April 2017, the updated specifications had diverged from the test such that the latest versions of Google Chrome , Safari and Mozilla Firefox no longer pass the test as written. Hickson acknowledges that some aspects of

960-1002: The MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (located in Stata Center ) in the United States, the (in Sophia Antipolis , France), Keio University (in Japan) and Beihang University (in China), the W3C incorporated as a legal entity, becoming a public-interest not-for-profit organization . The W3C has a staff team of 70–80 worldwide as of 2015 . W3C is run by a management team which allocates resources and designs strategy, led by CEO Jeffrey Jaffe (as of March 2010), former CTO of Novell . It also includes an advisory board that supports strategy and legal matters and helps resolve conflicts. The majority of standardization work

1008-665: The Asian host in September 1996. Starting in 1997, W3C created regional offices around the world. As of September 2009, it had eighteen World Offices covering Australia, the Benelux countries (Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg), Brazil, China, Finland, Germany, Austria, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, South Korea, Morocco, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, and, as of 2016, the United Kingdom and Ireland. In October 2012, W3C convened

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1056-536: The CSS standard, but fail the test in the Acid3 test. The glyph , when rendered by the downloaded font, is just a square, made white with CSS, and thus invisible. In addition, the test also uses Base64 encoded images, some more advanced selectors, CSS 3 color values ( HSLA ) as well as bogus selectors and values that should be ignored. Google employee Ian Hickson started working on the test in April 2007, but development progressed slowly. In December 2007, work restarted and

1104-502: The IE team, argued that striving for 100/100 on the Acid3 test is neither necessary, nor desirable. He claimed that the two Acid3 failures related to features (SVG fonts and SMIL animation) that were "in transition". In Internet Explorer 11 , it scores a 100/100 on the Acid3 test. Microsoft Edge , which uses the Blink browser engine, displays a score of 97/100 under version 109. Early iterations of

1152-450: The W3C started considering adding DRM -specific Encrypted Media Extensions (EME) to HTML5 , which was criticised as being against the openness, interoperability, and vendor neutrality that distinguished websites built using only W3C standards from those requiring proprietary plug-ins like Flash . On 18 September 2017, the W3C published the EME specification as a recommendation, leading to

1200-516: The W3C. Many guidelines and requirements are stated in detail, but there is no final guideline about the process or standards by which membership might be finally approved or denied. The cost of membership is given on a sliding scale, depending on the character of the organization applying and the country in which it is located. Countries are categorized by the World Bank 's most recent grouping by gross national income per capita. In 2012 and 2013,

1248-545: The Web would likely have fractured into pockets of incompatible content, with various websites available only to people who possessed the right browser. In addition to streamlining web development and significantly lowering its cost, support for common web standards enabled the development of the semantic web. By marking up content in semantic (X)HTML, front-end developers make a site's content more available to search engines, more accessible to people with disabilities, and more available to

1296-782: The Web. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee after he left the European Organization for Nuclear Research ( CERN ) in October 1994. It was founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Laboratory for Computer Science with support from the European Commission , and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency , which had pioneered the ARPANET ,

1344-406: The commentary had been released. The announcement that the test is complete means only that it is to be considered "stable enough" for actual use. A few problems and bugs were found with the test, and it was modified to fix them. On 26 March 2008—the day both Opera and WebKit teams announced a 100/100 score—developers of WebKit contacted Hickson about a critical bug in Acid3 that presumably allowed

1392-455: The first integer in the title (e.g. CSS3 = Level 3). Subsequent revisions on each level are denoted by an integer following a decimal point (for example, CSS2.1 = Revision 1). The W3C standard formation process is defined within the W3C process document, outlining four maturity levels through which each new standard or recommendation must progress. After enough content has been gathered from 'editor drafts' and discussion, it may be published as

1440-582: The greatest benefits to the greatest number of web users". The group dissolved in 2013. The Web Standards Project began as a grassroots coalition "fighting for standards in our [web] browsers" founded by George Olsen, Glenn Davis , and Jeffrey Zeldman in August 1998. By 2001, the group had achieved its primary goal of persuading Microsoft , Netscape , Opera , and other browser makers to accurately and completely support HTML 4.01/XHTML 1.0, CSS 1, and ECMAScript . Had browser makers not been persuaded to do so,

1488-706: The most direct predecessor to the modern Internet . It was located in Technology Square until 2004, when it moved, with the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, to the Stata Center. The organization tries to foster compatibility and agreement among industry members in the adoption of new standards defined by the W3C. Incompatible versions of HTML are offered by different vendors, causing inconsistency in how web pages are displayed. The consortium tries to get all those vendors to implement

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1536-462: The percentage that will be displayed on the screen. This percentage does not represent an actual percentage of conformance as the test does not really keep track of the subtests that were actually started (100 is assumed). Moreover, the browser also has to render the page exactly as the reference page is rendered in the same browser. Like the text of the Acid2 test, the text of the Acid3 reference rendering

1584-434: The point of raising scores. On 17 September 2011, Ian Hickson announced an update to Acid3. In Hickson's words, Håkon Wium Lie from Opera Software and he commented out "the parts of the test that might get changed in the specs." They hoped that this change would "allow the specs to change in whatever way is best for the Web, rather than constraining the changes to only be things that happened to fit what Acid3 tested!" As

1632-504: The project received public attention on 10 January 2008, when it was mentioned in blogs by Anne van Kesteren . At the time the project resided at a URL clearly showing its experimental nature: "http://www.hixie.ch/tests/evil/acid/003/NOT_READY_PLEASE_DO_NOT_USE.html" Despite the notice in the URL, the test received widespread attention in the web-development community. At that time only 84 subtests had been done, and on 14 January Ian Hickson announced

1680-523: The site was a collection of testimonials by people who had switched from Internet Explorer to alternative web browsers. In June 2005, the Web Standards Project decided that an anti-Internet Explorer campaign did not fit with their mission, and they handed the site over to Matt Mullenweg . The site is now maintained by WordPress.com with collaboration from HTML5 Boilerplate team members. W3C The World Wide Web Consortium ( W3C )

1728-669: The site. The group announced its dissolution on March 1, 2013. The Web Standards Project hosted projects focused on bringing relevant organizations closer to standards-compliance, dubbed Task Forces. Browse Happy is a website urging users to upgrade their web browsers . The site was initially created by the Web Standards Project in August 2004 to convince users to switch to a web browser other than Microsoft 's Internet Explorer . It focused on security issues in Internet Explorer and suggested four alternatives: Mozilla Firefox , Opera , Safari and Google Chrome . The core of

1776-616: The standard matures. A candidate recommendation is a version of a more mature standard than the WD. At this point, the group responsible for the standard is satisfied that the standard meets its goal. The purpose of the CR is to elicit aid from the development community on how implementable the standard is. The standard document may change further, but significant features are mostly decided at this point. The design of those features can still change due to feedback from implementors. A proposed recommendation

1824-643: The standards being tested by Acid3. IE8 scored 20/100, which is much worse than all relevant competitors at the time of Acid3's release, and had some problems with rendering the Acid3 test page. On 18 November 2009, the Internet Explorer team posted a blog entry about the early development of Internet Explorer 9 from the PDC presentation, showing that an internal build of the browser could score 32/100. Throughout 2010, several public Developer Previews improved Internet Explorer 9's test scores from 55/100 (on 16 March) to 95/100 (as of 4 August). Dean Hachamovich, general manager of

1872-491: The subset of the specification implemented in Webkit and Opera gives no benefits to web authors or users over WOFF, and he asserted that implementing SVG Fonts fully in a web browser is hard because it was "not designed with integration with HTML in mind". On 2 April 2010, Ian Hickson made minor changes to the test after Mozilla, due to privacy concerns, altered the way Gecko handles the :visited pseudo-class. Firefox 51.0a1 made

1920-438: The test be run with a browser's default settings. The final rendering must have a 100/100 score and must be pixel-identical with the reference rendering. On browsers designed for personal computers, the animation has to be smooth (taking no more than 33 ms for each subtest on reference hardware equivalent to a top-of-the-line Apple laptop ) as well, though slower performance on a slow device does not imply non-conformance. To pass

1968-415: The test is running, the rectangles will be added to the rendered image; the number of subtests passed in the bucket will determine the color of the rectangles. Note that Acid3 does not display exactly how many subtests passed in a bucket. For example, 3 subtests passing and 4 subtests passing in bucket 2 would both render a black rectangle. After the Acid3 test page is completely rendered, the letter 'A' in

Acid3 - Misplaced Pages Continue

2016-417: The test the browser must also display a generic favicon in the browser toolbar, not the favicon image from the Acid3 web server. The Acid3 server when asked for favicon.ico gives a 404 response code, but with image data in the body. This tests that the web browser correctly handles the 404 error code when fetching the favicon, by treating this as a failure and displaying the generic icon instead. When

2064-468: The test were controversial and has written that the test "no longer reflects the consensus of the Web standards it purports to test, especially when it comes to issues affecting mobile browsers". The main part of Acid3 is written in ECMAScript ( JavaScript ) and consists of 100 subtests in six groups called "buckets", including four special subtests (0, 97, 98, and 99). The compliance criteria require that

2112-424: The test were criticized for being a cherry-picked collection of features that were rarely used, as well as those that were still in a W3C working draft. Eric A. Meyer , a notable web standards advocate, wrote, "The real point here is that the Acid3 test isn't a broad-spectrum standards-support test. It's a showpiece, and something of a Potemkin village at that. Which is a shame, because what's really needed right now

2160-399: The test. Google Chrome and Opera Mobile displayed a score of 100/100. Security concerns over downloadable fonts delayed Chrome from passing. Version 68 and later of Chrome gets a score of 97/100. At the time of Acid3's release, Mozilla Firefox developers had been preparing for the imminent release of Firefox 3 , focusing more on stability than Acid3 success. Consequently, Firefox 3 had

2208-419: The test: Web Standards Project Founded in 1998, The Web Standards Project campaigned for standards that reduced the cost and complexity of development while increasing the accessibility and long-term viability of any document published on the Web. WaSP worked with browser companies, authoring tool makers, and peers to encourage them to use these standards, since they "are carefully designed to deliver

2256-405: The word "Acid3" can be clicked to see an alert (or shift-click for a new window) explaining exactly which subtests have failed and what the error message was. In case one of the 100 tests passed but took too much time, the report includes timing results for that single test. The alert reports the total time of the whole Acid3 test. In order to render the test correctly, user agents need to implement

2304-497: The world beyond the desktop (e.g. mobile). The project re-launched in June 2002 with new members, a redesigned website, new site features, and a redefined mission focused on developer education and standards compliance in authoring tools as well as browsers. Project leaders were: There were members that were invited to work on ad hoc initiatives, the Buzz Blog and other content areas of

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