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60-552: Zuidvleugel ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzœytˌfløːɣəl] , literally "south wing") is the band of cities and towns located along the southern wing of the Randstad in the Netherlands. It is that part of the Randstad that is located in the Province of South Holland . This developing conurbation extends around 60 kilometres from Dordrecht to Leiden . The two main focal points are

120-737: A city cluster , such as the Yangtze River Delta Megalopolis and the Pearl River Delta Megalopolis . India (Republic of India) is the seventh-largest country by geographical area and the most populous country with over 1.5 billion people . The 74th Amendment to the Indian Constitution defines a metropolitan area as an area having a population of 10 Lakh or 1 Million or more, comprised in one or more districts and consisting of two or more Municipalities or Panchayats or other contiguous areas, specified by

180-578: A classical centralistic metropolis . Amsterdam recently started to present itself as the Amsterdam metropolitan area ( Metropoolregio Amsterdam ). The expectation is that the use of the terms Noordvleugel and the Randstad will become less prevalent as a result. While Utrecht is not the center of the Noordvleugel, it is in fact the center of the whole of the Netherlands itself. While being categorised as part of

240-568: A country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. A big city belonging to a larger urban agglomeration , but which is not the core of that agglomeration, is not generally considered a metropolis but a part of it. The plural of the word is metropolises , although the Latin plural is metropoles , from the Greek metropoleis ( μητρoπόλεις ). For urban areas outside metropolitan areas that generate

300-460: A lot of local traffic also uses the motorways. Another growing issue is the number of trucks on the radiating motorways from the Randstad; truck volumes can be as high as 20,000 trucks per day, occupying the entire right lane on some motorways. The Randstad is the keystone of the Dutch railway network; most intercity connections terminate in one of the key cities in the Randstad. The railway network in

360-492: A metropolis is usually observed within its regional context, thus the focus is mainly set on the metropolitan regions. These regions can be mono central or multi central. Eleven metropolitan regions have been defined due to these indicators: Berlin-Brandenburg , Bremen-Oldenburg , Dresden-Halle-Leipzig , Frankfurt-Rhine-Main , Hamburg , Hannover-Braunschweig-Göttingen-Wolfsburg , Munich , Nuremberg , Rhine-Neckar , Rhine-Ruhr (with Cologne/Bonn ), and Stuttgart . Athens

420-544: A million include Astana , Shymkent . Tashkent is Uzbekistan 's most populous and largest city. Tashkent is the only city with over 3 million residents.Other largest cities are Samarkand , Bukhara and Fergana . Vienna is the capital city of Austria , an old imperial city, and the seat of many international organisations, including OPEC , as well as hosting a main office of the United Nations . Together with its cultural acumen and history, these features make Vienna

480-535: A population of around 3.6 million people, consists of the Haarlem and IJmuiden conurbations in the west, Amsterdam at the centre and Almere , the Gooi area and Utrecht in the east. The conurbation of Utrecht (population around one million) can be considered to be part of this wing, but can also be excluded. The cultural centre of the Noordvleugel, however, is notably centered on Amsterdam , which could as such be considered

540-603: A similar attraction on a smaller scale for their region, the concept of the regiopolis ("regio" for short) was introduced by urban and regional planning researchers in Germany in 2006. Metropolis (μητρόπολις) is a Greek word, (plural: metropoleis ) coming from μήτηρ, mḗtēr meaning "mother" and πόλις, pólis meaning "city" or "town", which is how the Greek colonies of antiquity referred to their original cities, with whom they retained cultic and political-cultural connections. The word

600-627: A true global metropolis, the only one in Austria. The region of Brussels contains the capital city of Belgium with a population of over 1.2 million people, it is the largest urban area in the Benelux . The region is the seat of the European Union , NATO and various other international institutions such as the World Customs Organization . It is nicknamed the 'Capital of Europe'. Sarajevo

660-436: Is Berlin , while Rhine-Ruhr is the largest metropolitan area (with more than 10 million people). The importance of a city is measured with three groups of indicators, also called metropolitan functions: The decision making and control function, the innovation and competition function, and the gateway function. These functions are seen as key domains for metropolitan regions in developing their performance. In spatial planning,

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720-498: Is a sovereign island country and city-state located in maritime Southeast Asia . The country has no capital city. In the Republic of Korea there are seven special and metropolitan cities at autonomous administrative levels. These are the most populous metropolitan areas in the country. In decreasing order of the population of 2015 census, they are Seoul , Busan , Incheon , Daegu , Daejeon , Gwangju and Ulsan . According to

780-416: Is a major mode of transport. The Port of Rotterdam , and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , are both major international gateways. There are various smaller ports and airports in the Randstad, like the ports of IJmuiden, Amsterdam and Dordrecht, as well as Rotterdam The Hague Airport . The Randstad has various motorways, most of them starting around Amsterdam and Rotterdam. Many (inter)national corridors start in

840-455: Is a megacity with a population of about 15 million. Kinshasa is Africa's third-largest urban area after Cairo and Lagos. It is projected to be one of the ten biggest cities in the world in 2050. Cairo and Alexandria are considered Egypt's biggest metropolises. Addis Ababa is the capital city of Ethiopia, and where the African Union is headquartered. As of 2008 the metro population

900-515: Is approximately 4.5 million. Accra is an economic and administrative hub, and serves as the anchor of the larger Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA). According to the 2014 census, Abidjan 's population was 4.7 million, which is 20 percent of the overall population of the country, and this also makes it the sixth most populous city proper in Africa, after Lagos, Cairo, Kinshasa, Dar es Salaam, and Johannesburg. It has officially been designated as

960-580: Is by designation to be translated as "metropolis". However, existing translations predate the designation . Structured like a prefecture instead of a normal city, there is only one to in Japan, namely Tokyo. As of 2020 , Japan has 12 other cities with populations greater than one million. The same Kanji character in Chinese, or in generic Japanese (traditional or non-specific), translates variously—city, municipality, special municipality—all qualify. In Malaysia ,

1020-669: Is home to some of the most reputable universities in Europe, including the University of Amsterdam , the VU Amsterdam , Leiden University , Erasmus University Rotterdam , Utrecht University and the Delft University of Technology . The Randstad possesses a large infrastructure system, with many railways, motorways, trams and subways in various cities. It is possible to cycle on reasonably safe and pleasant routes almost everywhere and cycling

1080-670: Is its economic hub of Johannesburg which has an estimated metro population of 5 635 127 in 2019, followed by the Cape Town metropolis ( City of Cape Town ) with an estimated metro population of 4 488 546 and the Durban metropolis ( eThekwini ) with an estimated metro population of 3 145 000. Smaller metropolises within South Africa include Pretoria ( City of Tshwane ), East Rand ( City of Ekurhuleni ), Gqeberha ( Nelson Mandela Bay ), East London ( Buffalo City ) and Bloemfontein ( Mangaung ). Kampala

1140-694: Is one of the most important economic and cultural hubs in the Eastern Mediterranean and key trade route between Europe and the East. At the heart of the ancient city of Athens lies the world-famous Acropolis of Athens , a classical 5th C. BCE UNESCO World heritage site , built in honour of the Goddess Athena . At its heart lies the Parthenon , a masterpiece of classical architecture, built by architect Iktinoos (Ictinus) and sculptor Kallikratis (Callicrates) at

1200-513: Is projected near Utrecht. Some hard shoulders are in use as peak hour lanes – traffic is allowed to use the hard shoulder as a third or fourth lane during periods of congestion, when traffic management signs indicate. Since these expansions traffic jams (which used to be quite intense) have been reduced by up to 25%. Traffic on the highway still is quite heavy, though. Because of the many obstructions in minor roads, such as one-way or circular routes (often created to make living neighbourhoods safer),

1260-463: Is the capital and largest city of Greece, with an urban population of over 4,000,000. It is also the 8th largest urban area in the European Union . Athens dominates the Attica peninsula and is one of the world's oldest cities, with a recorded history of over 3,400 years, and earliest human presence in the 11th millennium BC. Together with the port of Piraeus , one of Europe’s busiest passenger ports, Athens

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1320-482: Is the capital and largest city of Uganda. Kampala's metropolitan area is estimated at 6,709,900 people in 2019 by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics in an area of 8,451.9 square kilometres (3,263.3 sq mi). Kampala is reported to be among the fastest-growing cities in Africa, with an annual population growth rate of 4.03 percent. The capital city, Kabul , has grown to become the country's sole metropolis, and

1380-535: Is the capital and the largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina , seat of the country's Presidency , government , parliament and the only metropolis in the country. Prague is the Czech Republic 's only metropolis, with more than 1.3 million people living within the city limits and with more than 2.6 million living in its metropolitan area. This makes the Prague metropolitan area one of largest in Europe. In Denmark

1440-418: Is the contiguous urbanization region or Extended Metropolitan Manila surrounding Metro Manila. This built-up zone includes Metro Manila and the neighboring provinces of Bulacan to the north, Cavite and Laguna to the south, and Rizal to the east. Though sprawl continues to absorb new zones, some urban zones are independent clusters of settlements surrounded by non-urban areas. The Republic of Singapore

1500-497: Is the largest city in Sri Lanka . The Colombo Metropolitan Area is Sri Lanka's most urbanized region with a population of over 5 million people. Taipei City is the political, economic, and cultural centre of Taiwan . The Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area consists of 4 administrative divisions ( Taipei , Keelung , New Taipei , and sometimes including Taoyuan ) with a total of more than 9 million residents. The metropolis houses

1560-478: Is the largest metropolitan area of Pakistan with a population of about 19.31 million, followed by Lahore (15.12 million), Faisalabad (9.873 million), Islamabad-Rawalpindi (8.412 million), Gujranwala (7.01 million), Multan (4.745 million), Peshawar (4.269 million), Sargodha (3.903 million), Sialkot (3.893 million), Bahawalpur (3.668 million), Quetta (2.275 million) and Hyderabad (2.199 million). The Philippines has three metropolises as defined by

1620-513: Is the only city in Afghanistan with more than one million people. In the People's Republic of Bangladesh , there are eleven metropolitan areas: Dhaka , Chittagong , Rajshahi , Rangpur , Sylhet , Khulna , Mymensingh , Cumilla , Barisal , Gazipur and Narayanganj . Lands are highly priced and residents are considered to have a better urban lifestyle. Special police departments are allotted for

1680-613: The National Economic and Development Authority . They are Manila , Cebu , and Davao . Metropolitan Manila , or Metro Manila, is the metropolitan region encompassing the city of Manila and its surrounding areas in the Philippines . It is composed of 16 cities and 1 municipality namely the city of Manila , Caloocan , Las Piñas , Makati , Malabon , Mandaluyong , Marikina , Muntinlupa , Navotas , Pasay , Pasig , Parañaque , Quezon City , San Juan , Taguig , Valenzuela and

1740-594: The colonial past of Ancient Greece with first usage in Middle English around the 14th century. This was later generalized to a city regarded as a center of a specified activity, or any large, important city in a nation. Luanda is the capital and largest city in Angola. It is Angola's primary port, and its major industrial, cultural and urban centre. Its metropolitan area is the most populous Portuguese-speaking city in Africa, with over 8.3 million inhabitants. Kinshasa

1800-590: The second most populous country with over 1.4 billion people and is also known for its large number of metropolises, with recognised " tiers " that classify mainland metropolises. Nationally, the largest metropolises include Beijing , Shanghai , Guangzhou and Shenzhen , the four cities are classified as the "First-Tier Cities" (一线城市). Second-tier cities are numerous and consist of regional centres, such as Changsha , Chengdu , Chongqing , Hangzhou , Jinan , Nanjing , Qingdao , Shenyang , Tianjin , Wuhan , and Xi'an , etc. Many of China's metropolises constitute

1860-456: The "economic capital" of the country. In 2020 the Urban area population was over 5 million inhabitants. Nairobi is the capital and the largest city of Kenya. The city proper had a population of 4,397,073 in the 2019 census, while the metropolitan area has a population of 9,354,580. Lagos is projected to be one of the ten biggest cities in the world in 2050. As of 2015, unofficial figures put

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1920-559: The Government of the Netherlands, reveals that the Noordvleugel (Amsterdam and Utrecht region) is already growing parallel to the A1, A2, and A4 motorways, as well as into the northern part of North Holland (Alkmaar and Hoorn region) and Flevoland (Almere and Lelystad region). There is also a trend shown that the Noordvleugel is expanding parallel to the A2 (Amsterdam towards Eindhoven) and A12 (Utrecht towards

1980-594: The Governor by public notification to be a Metropolitan area. As of 2011 Census of India , India has 46 other cities with populations greater than one million. Delhi , Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad , Pune , Ahmedabad , Kochi , are among the largest of 23 metropolitan cities in India . In Indonesia, the metropolitan cities are in Jabodetabek ( Jakarta , Bekasi , Bogor , Depok , and Tangerang ),

2040-423: The Randstad share some commonalities, there are also large differences originating in centuries of divergent development. There are strong local identities within the region, especially in rural environments. Politically, the Randstad is broadly right -leaning and conservative , with student cities, including Amsterdam, Utrecht, Haarlem, Leiden and Delft, being more left -leaning and progressive . The Randstad

2100-441: The Randstad, including the A1, A2, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A12, A13, A15, A16, A20, A27 and A28 autosnelwegen , as well as various commuter routes. The Randstad network of motorways carry some of the highest traffic volumes in Europe. Until 2005 most motorways used to be no wider than four or six lanes, but from 2005 on capacity of most major highways expanded to six or eight and on some parts even ten lanes. A 14-lane highway

2160-485: The Randstad, the Utrecht agglomeration lies relatively further apart, owing to its long history of rivalry with Holland and Amsterdam in particular. Utrecht is much more monocentric than Amsterdam, which has booming satellite cities such as Haarlem and Almere. While Utrecht functions as the gateway to the Randstad for both car and rail transport, it is disconnected from the virtually continuous urbanised zone in western Holland by

2220-514: The Randstad. Over the last few decades, a major topic in the Randstad is the conflict between the cities and the towns in between. These towns and the surrounding countryside, known as the Groene Hart (Green Heart), are usually much greener than the cities, they house many commuters that work in the cities and the former strongly depend on the latter for facilities such as hospitals and large scale entertainment. Cities need more space to expand, yet

2280-502: The WERV region, encompassing the cities of Wageningen , Ede , Rhenen and Veenendaal ) motorways. This region is called the Zuidoostflank (English: Southeastside). It is sometimes argued that a cultural divide exists between the Randstad and the rest of the country. This distinction is usually made in relation to Dutch politics and media, who according to critics are mostly interested in

2340-525: The affairs of the Randstad. Both branches (government and media) have their centre in the Randstad; respectively in The Hague and in Hilversum . The Randstad itself, however, does not represent a unified cultural zone. It is not a 'place' of residence or a carrier of cultural identity. According to the late influential urbanist Niek de Boer , the Randstad simply 'does not exist'. While the cities and landscapes in

2400-498: The area around Rotterdam (called Rijnmond ) and the area around The Hague (called Haaglanden ). With a population of around 3.5 million people, the Zuidvleugel is one of the largest urban areas in Europe. The centre of the Zuidvleugel lies in the middle of Rotterdam and The Hague, near Delft . Zuidvleugel includes the following: Consideration is being given to creating a Rotterdam-The Hague metropolitan region. This would be

2460-648: The area is dense and heavily used. Together with the Swiss Federal Railways (1st), and the Belgian railways (3rd), the Dutch Railways are in the top 3 of Europe in punctuality. Larger cities in the Randstad have many railway stations, as well as light rail, subway and/or tram networks. Much effort is being expended in increasing the cycling rate of the Randstad. The campaign Fietsfilevrij exists to encourage cycling as an alternative to waiting in traffic jams on

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2520-547: The biggest metropolitan area in Southeast Asia and the fifth biggest metropolitan area in the world (2007). The other metropolises are Bandung , Batam , Medan , Semarang , and Surabaya . In Iran, the metropolitan cities are in Greater Tehran and Greater Isfahan Metropolitan Area , and other cities such as Mashhad , Karaj , Shiraz , Tabriz , Qom , Ahvaz , Kermanshah and Rasht . The Japanese legal term to (都)

2580-601: The capital Kuala Lumpur is the largest city, with a population of 7.8 million. The other metropolises in Malaysia are Johor Bahru , Seremban , Malacca City , Shah Alam , Kuantan , Kuala Terengganu , Kota Bahru , Ipoh , Georgetown , Alor Setar , Kangar , Kota Kinabalu and Kuching . According to the census of 2017, there are about 12 metropolitan areas in Pakistan each with a metro population of at least 2 million and city proper population of at least 0.5 million. Karachi

2640-590: The census of 2015, cities of Changwon and Suwon also qualify for being elevated to the level of metropolitan cities (having population over 1 million), but any future plans to promote them into metropolitan city are unlikely to be accepted because of political concerns about the structure of administrative divisions . There are also some county-level cities with increasing population near 1 million, namely Goyang , Yongin , and Seongnam , but they are also unlikely to be promoted into metropolitan city because they are all satellite cities of Seoul . The City of Colombo

2700-801: The centre of the Zuidvleugel, which is larger and includes other towns like Dordrecht and Leiden. The Noordvleugel (North Wing) of the Randstad is centred on the area around Amsterdam (called Amstelland ). This South Holland location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Randstad The Randstad's main cities are Almere , Amsterdam , Delft , Dordrecht , Haarlem , The Hague , Leiden , Rotterdam , Utrecht , and Zoetermeer . Other towns include Alkmaar , Alphen aan den Rijn , Amersfoort , Amstelveen , Capelle aan den IJssel , Gouda , Heerhugowaard , Hilversum , Hoofddorp , Hoorn , Lelystad , Nieuwegein , Oudewater , Purmerend , Rijswijk , Schiedam , Spijkenisse , Vlaardingen , Zaandam and Zeist . Although

2760-537: The country. A 2014 law allowed any group of communes to cooperate in a larger administrative division called a métropole . One métropole, Lyon , also has status as a department . France's national statistics institute, Insee , designates 12 of the country's urban areas as metropolitan areas . Paris , Lyon and Marseille are the biggest, the other nine being Toulouse , Lille , Bordeaux , Nice , Nantes , Strasbourg , Rennes , Grenoble and Montpellier . The largest German city by administrative borders

2820-585: The largest international airport in Taiwan and the 36th busiest airport in the world – Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport , which has an annual passenger traffic of nearly 50 million. There are 8 metropolises in the UAE: Dubai , Abu Dhabi , Sharjah , Al Ain , Ajman , Ras Al-Khaimah , Fujairah , and Umm Al-Quwain . Of these, Dubai is the largest. Almaty is Kazakhstan’s largest metropolitan area with over 2 million inhabitants. Other cities with population over

2880-401: The metropolitan cities, and there are city corporations for which mayors are elected for five-year regimes. Most of these cities have population density of 35,000/square mile or more. Dhaka is the wealthiest city out of all and is considered a megacity because its population surpassed 10 million. China (People's Republic of China) is the fourth-largest country by geographical area and

2940-424: The motorway. Bicycle "superhighways" have been built on which cyclists have priority for long distance, high speed cycle commuting. For instance, one of these stretches the 50 km distance between Amsterdam and Utrecht. Metropolis A metropolis ( / m ɪ ˈ t r ɒ p əl ɪ s / ) is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for

3000-558: The municipality of Pateros . The region is the political, economic, social, cultural, and educational center of the Philippines. As proclaimed by Presidential Decree No. 940, Metro Manila as a whole is the Philippines' seat of government but the city of Manila is the capital. The largest city in the metropolis is Quezon City, while the largest business district is the Makati Central Business District. Greater Manila Area

3060-461: The name Randstad is often translated into English as "edge city" or "border city", a more accurate translation would be "rim city". The Dutch name was coined in 1938 by KLM founder Albert Plesman who, while flying over the region, used it to describe a strip of cities at the rim of a large green agricultural area (the Green Heart ). While technically more of a crescent (the southeastern edge of

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3120-476: The only metropolis is the capital, Copenhagen , situated in the Capital Region of Denmark . It has more than 750,000 people living in city proper and 1.28 million in its urban area. Finland's capital, Helsinki , along with the neighboring areas (including Espoo , Kauniainen and Vantaa ) forms a metropolitan area with an approximate population of 1.45 million people. This area is the only metropolis in

3180-479: The population of "Greater Metropolitan Lagos", which includes Lagos and its surrounding metro area, extending as far as into Ogun State , at approximately 21 million. With a population increase of 5.6 percent per year from 2002 to 2012, Dar es Salaam is the third-fastest-growing city in Africa, after Bamako and Lagos , and the ninth-fastest-growing in the world. The metro population is expected to reach 15.12 million by 2020. The largest city in South Africa

3240-524: The protected polder landscape of the Groene Hart . The North Wing of the Randstad is expected to grow more in population than the Zuidvleugel and the Groene Hart areas, with the growth of population also being in effect for a longer period of time, compared to the other two areas. The Zuidvleugel ("South Wing"), with a population of around 3.5 million people, stretches some 60 kilometers from Dordrecht in

3300-588: The request of Pericles , at the height of the City’s power. Coined the Golden age of Athens, the Acropolis symbolises the culmination of Greek civilisation, that lay the foundations of empirical thinking in the arts, philosophy , theatre , music, mathematics , sciences and astronomy, and became the reference point of modern western civilisation. Today Athens receives more than 6.4 million visitors every year. Budapest has

3360-413: The rim is significantly less populated), the ring shape formed by connecting the four major cities of the region led to the use of the name "Ring City". Randstad contributes around half or 53% of the Netherlands total GDP. Recently, Dutch planners have started to refer to the Randstad as Deltametropool . This actually consists of two large metropolitan areas: The Noordvleugel ("North Wing"), with

3420-511: The south of Delft to Rotterdam has also been constructed, creating a second connection from Rotterdam , via The Hague , to Amsterdam . A possible new area would be the Zuidoostflank; parallel to the A2 motorway (from Amsterdam to Eindhoven) and parallel to the A12 motorway (Utrecht to WERV (Wageningen, Ede, Rhenen and Veenendaal)), as this region has much potential to strengthen the knowledge economy of

3480-468: The southeast to Leiden in the north. The main conurbations are the Rotterdam and The Hague areas. The virtual centre of the Zuidvleugel lies in between these two major cities, near Delft . The first steps toward this development were taken with the construction of a new fast light-rail connection between Rotterdam and The Hague : RandstadRail . A long-delayed extension of the western A4 motorway from

3540-440: The towns fear losing their identity and autonomy. The Randstad's borders have never been officially specified. Some consider only the four most populous cities of the Netherlands (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht) part of it, others would say that areas such as Alkmaar (which represents itself as being part of it), Hoorn and Lelystad are also part of this conurbation. The publication "Randstad 2040", released by

3600-435: Was used in post-classical Latin for the chief city of a province, the seat of the government and, in particular, ecclesiastically for the seat or see of a metropolitan bishop to whom suffragan bishops were responsible. This usage equates the province with the diocese or episcopal see . In a colonial context, it is the "mother city" of a colony , that is, the city which sent out settlers. The word has distant roots in

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