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27-489: When the anonymous, unpublished chronicle was rediscovered in the 19th century, historians were not sure about the identity of the author (most of the chronicle is written in the third person , while at some times the writer slips into the first person). While some considered the author to be the famous law scholar and Imperial judge, Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern (Froben Christopher's uncle), others believed count Froben Christopher and his secretary Johannes Müller († c. 1600) to be

54-675: A lawyer in Stuttgart , in the bureau of the minister of justice. He began his career as a poet in 1807 and 1808 by contributing ballads and lyrics to Seckendorff's Musenalmanach ; and in 1812 and 1813 he wrote poems for Kerner 's Poetischer Almanach and Deutscher Dichterwald . In 1815 he collected his poems in a volume entitled Vaterländische Gedichte , which almost immediately secured a wide circle of readers. To almost every new edition he added some fresh poems. His two dramatic works Ernst, Herzog von Schwaben (1818) and Ludwig der Baier (1819) are unimportant in comparison with his Gedichte . As

81-474: A lesser extent. In many languages, the verb takes a form dependent on the person of the subject and whether it is singular or plural. In English , this happens with the verb to be as follows: Other verbs in English take the suffix -s to mark the present tense third person singular, excluding singular 'they'. In many languages, such as French , the verb in any given tense takes a different suffix for any of

108-504: A lyric poet, Uhland must be classed with the writers of the German romantic movement. Like them, he found the Middle Ages appealed most strongly to his imagination. Yet his style has a precision, suppleness and grace which distinguish his most characteristic writings from those of the other German romantics. Like them, Uhland wrote poems in defense of human liberty, and in the states assembly of

135-474: A more topical third person, and obviative for a less topical third person. The obviative is sometimes called the fourth person. In this manner, Hindi and Bangla may also categorize pronouns in the fourth, and with the latter a fifth person. The term fourth person is also sometimes used for the category of indefinite or generic referents, which work like one in English phrases such as "one should be prepared" or people in people say that... , when

162-428: Is a compilation of many types of texts, including simple genealogical information, psychologically rich biographies of ancestors and members of other noble families, fables , schwanks (droll stories) and facetiae (comic and/or erotic short stories). The purpose of the work is probably twofold: Firstly, Froben Christopher wanted to prove the nobility of his family and to preserve that knowledge to posterity. Secondly,

189-624: Is available as a digitized version at the website of the Stuttgart library. The revised Barack edition is available as a digitized version at the website of the University Library of Freiburg . Since 2006, an electronic text of that edition is available at Wikimedia's German Wikisource project (see External links ). Modern German renarrations of some parts of the chronicle have been published in 1911, 1940, 1988, 1996 and 1997. Grammatical person In linguistics , grammatical person

216-480: Is entered with the first actually known family member, Konrad von Zimmern, abbot of Reichenau Abbey from c.  1234 to 1255. Starting with the early 14th century, the genealogical and historical parts of the Zimmern Chronicle are finally reduced to facts. Still, Froben inserts entertaining stories to enliven his characterizations and to prove his political points. In 1540, Froben Christopher had written

243-544: Is the T–V distinction . Some other languages have much more elaborate systems of formality that go well beyond the T–V distinction, and use many different pronouns and verb forms that express the speaker's relationship with the people they are addressing. Many Malayo-Polynesian languages , such as Javanese and Balinese , are well known for their complex systems of honorifics ; Japanese , Korean , and Chinese also have similar systems to

270-883: Is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically, the distinction is between the speaker ( first person ), the addressee ( second person ), and others ( third person ). A language's set of pronouns is typically defined by grammatical person. First person includes the speaker (English: I , we ), second person is the person or people spoken to (English: your or you ), and third person includes all that are not listed above (English: he , she , it , they ). It also frequently affects verbs , and sometimes nouns or possessive relationships. In Indo-European languages , first-, second-, and third-person pronouns are typically also marked for singular and plural forms, and sometimes dual form as well ( grammatical number ). Some other languages use different classifying systems, especially in

297-491: The Frankfurt Parliament that convened in the course of the 1848 revolution . As a Germanic and Romance philologist , Uhland must be counted among the founders of that science. Besides the treatise Ueber das altfranzösische Epos (1812) and an essay Zur Geschichte der Freischiessen (1828), there are to be especially mentioned Walther von der Vogelweide, ein altdeutscher Dichter (1822); Der Mythus von Thôr (1836),

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324-568: The Kingdom of Württemberg , he played a distinguished part as one of the most vigorous and consistent of the Old Liberals among its members. In 1815 , Württemberg was to be granted a new constitution, replacing the old constitution of the Estates of Württemberg ( Landstände ) which had been abolished in 1806. Uhland became a prominent proponent of the old rights of the estates during the controversy of

351-571: The Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek at Donaueschingen , until that library was sold and scattered by the princes of Fürstenberg for financial reasons in 1993. Since 1993, the manuscripts are in possession of the Wurttemberg State Library (Württembergische Landesbibliothek) in Stuttgart. An archivist named Doeppner rediscovered the chronicle around 1776, but it was the literary scholar and author Joseph von Laßberg who made

378-477: The author's literary abilities and scorning the factual content of the work which now much more resembled a collection of short droll stories than a serious work of genealogy and history. A new edition was started in the 1960s by Hansmartin Decker-Hauff and Rudolf Seigel, retaining the original sequence of texts in manuscript B. This edition has remained unfinished. Only three volumes have appeared. Manuscript 580

405-401: The chronicle as a source: Ernst Münch's history of the house of Fürstenberg (1829), Krieg von Hochfelden's history of the counts of Eberstein (1836), Ruckgaber's history of the counts of Zimmern (1840), and Vanotti's history of the counts of Montfort and Werdenberg (1845). Ludwig Uhland took some plots from the chronicle for his collection of folk tales. In 1869, Karl August Barack published

432-461: The chronicle was a means to educate future family members. The author does not only tell the stories of shining examples of nobility, but he also gives proof of bad examples. He clearly condemns some of his more spendthrift ancestors for selling family goods and hence giving away economic and political power. The Zimmern Chronicle begins with the history of the Cimbri , an ancient Germanic tribe, and tells

459-410: The death of Froben Christopher's only male heir Wilhelm von Zimmern as early as 1594, the work never materialized as the memorial and textbook that it was originally intended to become. The chronicle manuscripts eventually wound up in the possession of the counts of Fürstenberg , probably via Appolonia von Helfenstein, a daughter of Froben Christopher's. The books were stored for nearly four centuries in

486-483: The first printed edition of the chronicle and hence made it finally available to the public. A revised version of this edition was published in 1882, a further reprint in 1932. Barack's revised edition is the only complete edition and is still widely used. However, Barack did not retain the original sequence of the manuscript and wove Froben Christopher's addenda into the main text, thus giving the lively tale an air of verbosity. This deluded later scholars in both questioning

513-453: The following years, which ended in a compromise in 1819 under William I of Württemberg . Uhland went on to serve in the newly created parliament ( Landtag ) from 1819 until 1826. In 1829 he was made honorary professor of German literature at the University of Tübingen , but he resigned in 1833, when the post was found to be incompatible with his political views. In 1848 he became a member of

540-463: The genealogical "Liber rerum Cimbriacarum" whose structure shows many resemblances to the later work. The beginnings of the chronicle as we know it today lie probably in the year 1559, and it was not even finished at Froben Christopher's death in 1566. Two manuscripts were written by secretary Johannes Müller at Froben Christopher's chancellery at Meßkirch Castle : With the Zimmern family expiring with

567-534: The grammar treats them differently from ordinary third-person forms. The so-called "zero person" in Finnish and related languages, in addition to passive voice , may serve to leave the subject-referent open. Zero person subjects are sometimes translated as "one", although in tone it is similar to English's generic you " Ei saa koskettaa " ("Not allowed to touch", "You should not touch"). Ludwig Uhland Johann Ludwig Uhland (26 April 1787 – 13 November 1862)

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594-422: The plural pronouns. One frequently found difference not present in most Indo-European languages is a contrast between inclusive and exclusive "we" : a distinction of first-person plural pronouns between including or excluding the addressee. Many languages express person with different morphemes in order to distinguish degrees of formality and informality. A simple honorific system common among European languages

621-514: The story of the Cimbri's forced relocation to the Black Forest under the reign of Charlemagne . While the link between the Cimbri and the Zimmern family is fictional and only induced by the similar-sounding name, Froben recounts several episodes woven into a stream of historical information to prove it. The work also includes a complete fictional genealogy starting in the 10th century. Historical evidence

648-499: The text known among scholars and historians by using parts of it in his anthology "Liedersaal". Laßberg's friend Josef Albrecht von Ittner used plots from the chronicle for his own novellas. Laßberg also influenced Friedrich von der Hagen who used parts of the chronicle for his edition of German medieval literature, Minnesinger (1838), and Josef Eiselein who used the chronicle as a source for his collection of German proverbs (1840). Several monographs on regional history in these years used

675-443: The various combinations of person and number of the subject. The grammar of some languages divide the semantic space into more than three persons. The extra categories may be termed fourth person , fifth person , etc. Such terms are not absolute but can refer, depending on context, to any of several phenomena. Some Algonquian languages and Salishan languages divide the category of third person into two parts: proximate for

702-435: The writers. In 1959, Beat Rudolf Jenny proved in his thoroughly researched book that Froben Christopher is the sole author of the chronicle. However, Wilhelm Werner's influence on his nephew is palpable in some passages. Writing or ordering a genealogy was a rather common form of representation for Germany's noble families of the time. However, the Zimmern chronicle surpasses other contemporary texts in both volume and scope. It

729-474: Was a German poet , philologist , literary historian , lawyer and politician . He was born in Tübingen , Württemberg , and studied jurisprudence at the university there, but also took an interest in medieval literature, especially old German and French poetry. Having graduated as a doctor of laws in 1810, he went to Paris for eight months to continue his studies of poetry; and from 1812 to 1814 he worked as

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