17-529: Zhengning County is a county in the east of Gansu province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the east and south. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Qingyang . Its postal code is 745300, and its population in 1999 was 225,043 people. It was established in 420 AD during the Northern Wei dynasty as Yongzhou County. In 598 during the Sui dynasty it became Luochuan County, named after
34-474: A local CCP committee. A county's is called the secretary ( 中共县委书记 ), the de facto highest office of the county. Policies are carried out via the people's government of the county, and its head is called the county governor ( 县长 ). The governor is often also one of the deputy secretaries in the CCP Committee. History of the administrative divisions of China (1949%E2%80%93present) The history of
51-724: A municipality. In 1969, as part of the Cultural Revolution , Inner Mongolia was truncated; Hulunbuir was ceded to Heilongjiang, Jirim to Jilin, Juuuda to Liaoning, and the Alxa League split between Ejin Banner going to Gansu and the Alashan Region to Ningxia. This was reversed in 1979. Starting in the 1980s, prefecture-level cities and county-level cities began to appear in very large numbers, usually by replacing entire prefectures and counties . People's communes ceased to exist due to
68-479: A special class of counties in mainland China reserved for non- Han Chinese ethnic minorities . Autonomous counties are found all over China, and are given, by law, more legislative power than regular counties. There are 117 autonomous counties in mainland China. As the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is central to directing government policy in mainland China, every level of administrative division has
85-1555: Is divided to 8 towns, 1 township and 1 ethnic township. The county government is located in Shanhe town. Until 1930, it was governed from Luochuan ( 35°19′17″N 108°12′45″E / 35.3213°N 108.2125°E / 35.3213; 108.2125 ). In 2005 Luochuan was abolished as a township and placed under Yonghe town. This Gansu location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . CPRC Provinces Autonomous regions Sub-provincial autonomous prefectures Autonomous prefectures Leagues (Aimag) (abolishing) Prefectures Provincial-controlled cities Provincial-controlled counties Autonomous counties County-level cities Districts Ethnic districts Banners (Hoxu) Autonomous banners Shennongjia Forestry District Liuzhi Special District Wolong Special Administrative Region Workers and peasants districts Ethnic townships Towns Subdistricts Subdistrict bureaux Sum Ethnic sum County-controlled districts County-controlled district bureaux (obsolete) Management committees Town-level city Areas Villages · Gaqa · Ranches Village Committees Communities Capital cities New areas Autonomous administrative divisions National Central Cities History: before 1912 , 1912–49 , 1949–present Counties ( simplified Chinese : 县 ; traditional Chinese : 縣 ; pinyin : Xiàn ) are found in
102-674: Is sometimes translated as " district " or " prefecture " when put in the context of Chinese history . Xian have existed since the Warring States period and were set up nationwide by the Qin dynasty . The number of counties in China proper gradually increased from dynasty to dynasty. As Qin Shi Huang reorganized the counties after his unification, there were about 1,000. Under the Eastern Han dynasty ,
119-414: The third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan , a level that is known as " county level " and also contains autonomous counties , county-level cities , banners , autonomous banners and city districts . There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions. The term xian
136-422: The 1960s to the 1980s. In Imperial China, the county was a significant administrative unit because it marked the lowest level of the imperial bureaucratic structure; in other words, it was the lowest level that the government reached. Government below the county level was often undertaken through informal non-bureaucratic means, varying between dynasties. The head of a county was the magistrate , who oversaw both
153-445: The 1982 constitution and were replaced by townships . Hainan and some other islands were split out of Guangdong and set up as a Hainan Province in 1988. In 1997 Chongqing became the fourth municipality of China . In that same year Hong Kong reverted to Chinese rule and became the first special administrative region . Macau became the second in 1999. In the 1990s, there was a campaign to abolish district public offices as
170-567: The administrative divisions of China after 1949 refers to the administrative divisions under the People's Republic of China . In 1949, the communist forces initially held scattered fragments of China at the start of the Chinese Civil War . By late 1949, they controlled the majority of mainland China , forcing the Republic of China government to relocate to Taiwan . The Government of China made
187-584: The county seat Luochuan. By the Tang dynasty it was named Zhenning County, and received the current name Zhengning during the Qing dynasty . In 1635, rebel leader Li Zicheng fought a battle against Ming dynasty general Cao Wenzhao ( zh:曹文诏 ) in Zhengning. Zhengning County's important agriculture products are tobacco, scallion and apples. It also has several coal mines. Locals also make wicker dustpans. Zhengning County
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#1732854647045204-676: The day-to-day operations of the county as well as civil and criminal cases. During the Republican period, counties were the second level administrative divisions of its provinces. After the Chinese Civil War, counties became subordinate to prefectural level cities while the previous structure is retained. The counties became directly governed by the Executive Yuan after the provinces became streamlined in 1998, but they were fully abolished in 2018. Autonomous counties ( 自治县 ; zìzhìxiàn ) are
221-406: The following changes: In 1952, the provinces of Jiangsu , Anhui and Sichuan were restored. Pingyuan and Chahar were split into their surrounding provinces. Nanjing , the old capital of the Republic of China , was deprived of its municipality status and annexed by Jiangsu province. In 1953, Changchun and Harbin were elevated to municipality status. In 1954, a massive campaign to cut
238-556: The number of counties increased to above 1,000. About 1400 existed when the Sui dynasty abolished the commandery level (郡 jùn), which was the level just above counties, and demoted some commanderies to counties. The current number of counties mostly resembled that of the later years of Qing dynasty . Changes of location and names of counties in Chinese history have been a major field of research in Chinese historical geography, especially from
255-441: The number of provincial-level divisions was initiated. Of the 14 municipalities existing in 1953, 11 were annexed by nearby provinces, with only Beijing , Shanghai , and Tianjin remaining. The province of Liaoning was formed out of the merger of Liaodong and Liaoxi , while Songjiang , Suiyuan and Ningxia disappeared into Heilongjiang , Inner Mongolia and Gansu , respectively. The greater administrative area level
272-489: Was abolished in 1954. The process continued in 1955 with Rehe being split among Hebei , Liaoning and Inner Mongolia , and Xikang disappearing into Sichuan . In that same year Xinjiang became the second autonomous region of China, and plans for a third, Tibet Autonomous Region , were initiated. Qamdo territory was put under the planned Tibet Autonomous Region . In 1957 two more autonomous regions were added, Ningxia (split back out of Gansu ) and Guangxi (which
289-519: Was previously a province). In 1958 Tianjin was annexed by Hebei , leaving only two municipalities, Beijing and Shanghai . During the Great Leap Forward , townships were abolished and people's communes were introduced. In 1965 Tibet Autonomous Region was established out of the formerly self-governing Tibet Area , as well as the Qamdo Territory. In 1967 Tianjin was split back out as
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