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58-651: It is named after Zephyrus , the ancient Greek god of the west wind. Zephyr originated from Virtuoso RTOS for digital signal processors (DSPs). In 2001, Wind River Systems acquired Belgian software company Eonic Systems, the developer of Virtuoso. In November 2015, Wind River Systems renamed the operating system to Rocket , made it open-source and royalty-free. Compared to Wind River's other RTOS, VxWorks , Rocket had much smaller memory needs, especially suitable for sensors and single-function embedded devices. Rocket could fit into as little as 4 KB of memory, while VxWorks needed 200 KB or more. In February 2016, Rocket became

116-785: A free citizen ? Can a superpower still be a republic ? How does well-meaning authority turn into murderous tyranny ? Major sources for Roman myth include the Aeneid of Virgil and the first few books of Livy 's history as well as Dionysius's Roman Antiquities . Other important sources are the Fasti of Ovid , a six-book poem structured by the Roman religious calendar , and the fourth book of elegies by Propertius . Scenes from Roman myth also appear in Roman wall painting , coins , and sculpture , particularly reliefs . The Aeneid and Livy's early history are

174-583: A monolithic kernel . The kernel offers several features that distinguish it from other small OSes: A group is dedicated to maintaining and improving the security. Also, being owned and supported by a community means the world's open source developers are vetting the code, which significantly increases security. Zephyrus In Greek mythology and religion , Zephyrus ( Ancient Greek : Ζέφυρος , romanized :  Zéphuros , lit.   'westerly wind'), also spelled in English as Zephyr ,

232-425: A beautiful Spartan prince named Hyacinthus , who nevertheless rejected him and became the lover of another god, Apollo . One day that the prince and Apollo were playing a game of discus, Zephyrus deflected the course of Apollo's discus, redirecting it right onto Hyacinthus's head, fatally wounding him. His blood then became a new flower, the hyacinth. In some versions, Zephyrus is supplanted by his brother Boreas as

290-484: A bull, tricked another princess, the Phoenician Europa , into riding him, transported her to Crete and then mated with her while Notus expresses his jealousy and complains of seeing nothing noteworthy. Like all the other wind gods, Zephyrus is represented in ancient Greek art with wings, due to which he is sometimes hard to distinguish from Eros, another winged youthful god, though tellingly unlike Zephyrus Eros

348-449: A development *Hi̯- → ζ- is unlikely, and most evidence in fact points to the contrary. It could also be of pre-Greek origin, though Beekes is not sure either way. Due to his role as the west wind, his name and various derivatives of it were used to mean 'western', like for example the Greek colony of Locri Epizephyrii in southern Italy , west of Greece . Zephyrus, like the rest of

406-634: A hosted collaborative project of the Linux Foundation under the name Zephyr . Wind River Systems contributed the Rocket kernel to Zephyr, but still provided Rocket to its clients, charging them for the cloud services. As a result, Rocket became "essentially the commercial version of Zephyr". Since then, early members and supporters of Zephyr include Intel , NXP Semiconductors , Synopsys , Linaro , Texas Instruments , DeviceTone, Nordic Semiconductor , Oticon , and Bose . As of January 2022, Zephyr had

464-405: A month gracefully. As they part, Aeolus gives Odysseus a bag containing all the winds, except for Zephyrus himself, who is let free to blow Odysseus's ship gently back to Ithaca ; Odysseus's crewmates however foolishly open the bag, thinking it to contain some treasure, and set free all the other winds as well, blowing the ships back to Aeolia. Many years later, right after Odysseus left Calypso ,

522-451: A mortal woman, the infant Hercules , on Juno 's breast while she is asleep so the baby will drink her divine milk and thus become immortal, an act which would endow the baby with godlike qualities. When Juno woke and realized that she was breastfeeding an unknown infant, she pushed him away, some of her milk spills, and the spurting milk became the Milky Way . In another version of the myth,

580-463: A native mythology. This perception is a product of Romanticism and the classical scholarship of the 19th century, which valued Greek civilization as more "authentically creative." From the Renaissance to the 18th century, however, Roman myths were an inspiration particularly for European painting . The Roman tradition is rich in historical myths, or legends , concerning the foundation and rise of

638-542: Is a genuine accident on Apollo's part. Another time, Zephyrus became lovers with another beautiful youth named Cyparissus ("cypress"). The youth, wanting to preserve his beauty, fled to Mount Cassium in Syria , where he was transformed into a cypress tree. This myth which might be of Hellenistic origin seems to have been modeled after that of Apollo and Daphne . It also, along with Zephyrus's role in Hyacinthus's story, fits

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696-545: Is not depicted pursuing males. In ancient vases, he is most commonly pursuing the young Hyacinthus or already holding him in his arms in an erotic and sexual manner; on a red-figure vase in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts , Zephyrus's erect penis thrusts into the folds of the young man's clothes as they fly together, while vase 95.31 from the same museum depicts intercrural sex between the two. Various other vases also show scenes of Zephyrus grabbing and seizing Hyacinthus. On

754-587: Is the god and personification of the West wind , one of the several wind gods, the Anemoi . The son of Eos , the goddess of the dawn, and Astraeus , Zephyrus is the most gentle and favourable of the winds, and is also associated with flowers, springtime and even procreation. In myths, he is presented as the tender breeze, and he is known for his unrequited love for the Spartan prince Hyacinthus . Although he along with Boreas are

812-518: The Dionysiaca , all four live together with their father Astraeus; Zephyrus plays sweet notes with an aulos for Demeter when she pays them a visit. In the myth of Eros and Psyche , Zephyrus serves Eros , the god of love, by transporting his bride-to-be, the mortal princess Psyche with his soft breeze from the cliff she had been left in on an oracle's suggestion to Eros's palace. Later, he also helps rather reluctantly Psyche's two sisters transport

870-635: The Aventine Triad – Ceres , Liber , and Libera – developed in association with the rise of plebeians to positions of wealth and influence. The gods represented distinctly the practical needs of daily life, and the Romans scrupulously accorded them the appropriate rites and offerings. Early Roman divinities included a host of "specialist gods" whose names were invoked in the carrying out of various specific activities. Fragments of old ritual accompanying such acts as plowing or sowing reveal that at every stage of

928-432: The Roman army spread his cult as far afield as Roman Britain . The important Roman deities were eventually identified with the more anthropomorphic Greek gods and goddesses, and assumed many of their attributes and myths. Many astronomical objects are named after Roman deities, like the planets Mercury , Venus , Mars , Jupiter , Saturn , and Neptune . In Roman and Greek mythology, Jupiter places his son born by

986-663: The Tower of the Winds , a clocktower/horologion in the Roman agora of Athens, the frieze depicts Zephyrus alongside seven more of the wind gods above the sundials. Zephyrus is presented as a beardless youth carrying a cloak full of flowers. On the Pergamon Altar , which depicts the battle of the gods against the Giants (known as the Gigantomachy), Zephyrus and the other three wind gods are shown in

1044-589: The ancient Greeks and reinterpreted myths about Greek deities under the names of their Roman counterparts. The influence of Greek mythology likely began as early as Rome's protohistory . Classical mythology is the amalgamated tradition of Greek and Roman mythologies, as disseminated especially by Latin literature in Europe throughout the Middle Ages , into the Renaissance , and up to present-day uses of myths in fiction and movies. The interpretations of Greek myths by

1102-403: The war with Hannibal , any distinction between "indigenous" and "immigrant" gods begins to fade, and the Romans embraced diverse gods from various cultures as a sign of strength and universal divine favor. The absorption of neighboring local gods took place as the Roman state conquered neighboring territories. The Romans commonly granted the local gods of a conquered territory the same honors as

1160-690: The Anemoi is found in the word-forms 𐀀𐀚𐀗𐀂𐀋𐀩𐀊 , a-ne-mo-i-je-re-ja , 𐀀𐀚𐀗𐄀𐀂𐀋𐀩𐀊 , a-ne-mo i-je-re-ja , that is, "priestess of the winds", found on the KN Fp 1 and KN Fp 13 tablets. Traditionally, 'Zephyros' has been linked to the word ζόφος (zóphos) meaning "darkness" or "west". Both in turn have been connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *(h₃)yebʰ- , meaning "to enter, to penetrate" (from which οἴφω (oíphō), meaning 'to have sex', also derives). It has been noted however that

1218-584: The Archaic Triad – an unusual example within Indo-European religion of a supreme triad formed of two female deities and only one male. The cult of Diana became established on the Aventine Hill , but the most famous Roman manifestation of this goddess may be Diana Nemorensis , owing to the attention paid to her cult by J.G. Frazer in the mythographic classic The Golden Bough . What modern scholars call

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1276-500: The Romans often had a greater influence on narrative and pictorial representations of myths than Greek sources. In particular, the versions of Greek myths in Ovid 's Metamorphoses , written during the reign of Augustus , came to be regarded as canonical . Because ritual played the central role in Roman religion that myth did for the Greeks, it is sometimes doubted that the Romans had much of

1334-479: The Trojan prince Tithonus . The Athenian playwright Aeschylus however in his fifth-century BC play Agamemnon writes that Zephyrus is the son of the goddess Gaia (the mother earth) instead (the father, if one exists at all, is not named). In Greek tradition, Zephyrus became the consort of Iris , the goddess of the rainbow and messenger of the gods. According to Nonnus , a late-antiquity poet, together they became

1392-465: The beginning of spring? Unlike Greek authors, Roman writers held that Zephyrus/Favonius married not Iris but rather a local vegetation and fertility goddess named Flora (identified and linked by Ovid with a minor Greek nymph named Chloris and her legend ) after abducting her while she tried to run away and escape him; he gave her dominion over flowers, thus making amends for his violence and abduction of her. Some analysts have suggested that Carpus,

1450-504: The best extant sources for Rome's founding myths . Material from Greek heroic legend was grafted onto this native stock at an early date. The Trojan prince Aeneas was cast as husband of Lavinia , daughter of King Latinus , patronymical ancestor of the Latini , and therefore through a convoluted revisionist genealogy as forebear of Romulus and Remus . By extension, the Trojans were adopted as

1508-603: The birds of prey and wild beasts below. Zephyrus seems to have had a connection to swans; in Philostratus the Elder 's works, he joins them twice in their song, once while they are carrying the Erotes and another when the young Phaethon is killed driving his father Helios 's fiery chariot. This apparently symbolizes the belief that swans took to singing when the mild west wind blew. In his most notable myth, Zephyrus fell in love with

1566-499: The city. These narratives focus on human actors, with only occasional intervention from deities but a pervasive sense of divinely ordered destiny. In Rome's earliest period, history and myth have a mutual and complementary relationship. As T. P. Wiseman notes: The Roman stories still matter , as they mattered to Dante in 1300 and Shakespeare in 1600 and the founding fathers of the United States in 1776. What does it take to be

1624-554: The community or Roman state. Heroism is an important theme. When the stories illuminate Roman religious practices, they are more concerned with ritual, augury , and institutions than with theology or cosmogony . Roman mythology also draws on Greek mythology , primarily during the Hellenistic period of Greek influence and through the Roman conquest of Greece , via the artistic imitation of Greek literary models by Roman authors. The Romans identified their own gods with those of

1682-603: The dialogues by the satirical author Lucian of Samosata ; in the Dialogues of the Sea Gods , he appears in two dialogues with his brother Notus, the god of the south wind. In the first, they discuss the Argive princess Io and how she was loved and got turned into a heifer by Zeus in order to hide from his jealous wife Hera , while in the second, Zephyrus enthusiastically recounts the scene he has just witnessed of how Zeus transformed into

1740-627: The earlier gods of the Roman state religion . In addition to Castor and Pollux , the conquered settlements in Italy seem to have contributed to the Roman pantheon Diana , Minerva , Hercules , Venus , and deities of lesser rank, some of whom were Italic divinities, others originally derived from the Greek culture of Magna Graecia . In 203 BC, Rome imported the cult object embodying Cybele from Pessinus in Phrygia and welcomed its arrival with due ceremony . Both Lucretius and Catullus , poets contemporary in

1798-457: The gods Mars and Quirinus , who were often identified with each other. Mars was a god of both war and agriculture; he was honored in March and October. Quirinus was the patron of the armed community in time of peace. The 19th-century scholar Georg Wissowa thought that the Romans distinguished two classes of gods, the di indigetes and the di novensides or novensiles : the indigetes were

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1856-415: The harvest. Jupiter , the ruler of the gods, was honored for the aid his rains might give to the farms and vineyards. In his more encompassing character he was considered, through his weapon of lightning, the director of human activity. Owing to his widespread domain, the Romans regarded him as their protector in their military activities beyond the borders of their own community. Prominent in early times were

1914-634: The influences of other cultures in response to social change. The earliest pantheon included Janus, Vesta , and the so-called Archaic Triad of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus, whose three patrician flamens were of the highest order . According to tradition, Numa Pompilius , the Sabine second king of Rome , founded Roman religion; Numa was believed to have had as his consort and adviser a Roman goddess or nymph of fountains and of prophecy, Egeria . The Etruscan-influenced Capitoline Triad of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva later became central to official religion, replacing

1972-468: The largest number of contributors and commits compared to other RTOSes (including Mbed , RT-Thread , NuttX , and RIOT ). Zephyr intends to provide all components needed to develop resource-constrained and embedded or microcontroller-based applications. This includes, but is not limited to: Zephyr uses Kconfig and devicetree as its configuration systems, inherited from the Linux kernel but implemented in

2030-517: The late 6th century BC from the Cumaean Sibyl . Some aspects of archaic Roman religion survived in the lost theological works of the 1st-century BC scholar Varro , known through other classical and Christian authors. Although traditional Roman religion was conservative in ritual rather than dogmatic in doctrine, the meaning of the rituals they perpetuated could be adapted, expanded, and reinterpreted by accretions of myths, etiologies , commentary, and

2088-556: The local priest offered sacrifice to them, and in Coronea , a town in Boeotia . It is also known that the citizens of Laciadae in Attica had erected an altar for Zephyrus. According to a fragment doubtfully attributed to the fifth-century BC poet Bacchylides , a Rhodian farmer named Eudemus built a temple in honour of the west wind god, in gratitude for his help. Zephyrus's Roman equivalent

2146-434: The mid-1st century BC, offer disapproving glimpses of Cybele's wildly ecstatic cult. In some instances, deities of an enemy power were formally invited through the ritual of evocatio to take up their abode in new sanctuaries at Rome. Communities of foreigners ( peregrini ) and former slaves (libertini) continued their own religious practices within the city. In this way Mithras came to Rome and his popularity within

2204-589: The modern study of these representations, and to the subject matter as represented in the literature and art of other cultures in any period. Roman mythology draws from the mythology of the Italic peoples and shares mythemes with Proto-Indo-European mythology . The Romans usually treated their traditional narratives as historical, even when these have miraculous or supernatural elements. The stories are often concerned with politics and morality, and how an individual's personal integrity relates to his or her responsibility to

2262-416: The mythical ancestors of the Roman people. The characteristic myths of Rome are often political or moral, that is, they deal with the development of Roman government in accordance with divine law, as expressed by Roman religion , and with demonstrations of the individual's adherence to moral expectations ( mos maiorum ) or failures to do so. Narratives of divine activity played a more important role in

2320-451: The operation a separate deity was invoked, the name of each deity being regularly derived from the verb for the operation. Tutelary deities were particularly important in ancient Rome. Thus, Janus and Vesta guarded the door and hearth, the Lares protected the field and house, Pales the pasture, Saturn the sowing, Ceres the growth of the grain, Pomona the fruit, and Consus and Ops

2378-486: The original gods of the Roman state, their names and nature indicated by the titles of the earliest priests and by the fixed festivals of the calendar, with 30 such gods honored by special festivals; the novensides were later divinities whose cults were introduced to the city in the historical period, usually at a known date and in response to a specific crisis or felt need. Arnaldo Momigliano and others, however, have argued that this distinction cannot be maintained. During

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2436-528: The parents of Pothos , the god of desire, and according to Alcaeus of Mytilene (a six-century BC poet from the island of Lesbos ), of Eros as well, though he is more commonly a son of Ares and Aphrodite . In the same passage, Zephyrus is described as having golden hair. By the Harpy Podarge (who is Iris's sister) he became the father of Balius and Xanthus , the two fast, talking horses that were given to Achilles , when he mated with her while she

2494-420: The pattern–also fit by his brother Boreas–of a wind god appearing in the story of the creation of a plant. In all other narratives however Zephyrus is absent, and the role of Cyparissus's divine partner is filled by Apollo; furthermore, Cyparissus is transformed into a cypress by Apollo at his own request after accidentally killing his own pet deer, which caused him much stress. Zephyrus also features in some of

2552-456: The programming language Python for portability to non- Unix operating systems. The RTOS build system is based on CMake , which allows Zephyr applications to be built on Linux , macOS , and Microsoft Windows . Zephyr has a general-purpose tool called "west" for managing repositories, downloading programs to hardware, etc. Early Zephyr kernels used a dual nanokernel plus microkernel design. In December 2016, with Zephyr 1.6, this changed to

2610-498: The same way to the palace as well, when Psyche wishes to see them again. After Eros abandons Psyche over her betrayal, both sisters take advantage of the situation and each independently goes to the cliff (having both been lied to by Psyche that Eros wished to maker her his new wife), calling for Eros to make them his bride, and Zephyrus to take them to the palace. But this time Zephyrus does not act when they jump, and thus they both fall to their deaths, torn limb to limb and made food for

2668-460: The sea-god Poseidon in rage unleashed all four of them to cause a storm and raise great waves in order to drown Odysseus in the sea. In the Iliad , Zephyrus is visited by his wife Iris in his home as he dines with his wind brothers to summon him, along with Boreas, so that they blow on Patroclus 's funeral pyre following his death, as Achilles prayed for their help when the pyre failed to kindle. In

2726-537: The shape of horses who pull the chariot of the goddess Hera in the eastern frieze of the monument; the equine forms of the Anemoi are also found in Quintus Smyrnaeus 's works, where the four brothers pull Zeus's chariot instead. Ancient cult of the wind gods is attested in several ancient Greek states. According to the geographer Pausanias , the Winds were jointly worshipped in the town of Titane , in Sicyon , where

2784-404: The son Zephyrus had by Hora/a Hora (season goddess), is supposed to have been actually mothered by Flora/Chloris instead, although this is not confirmed in any ancient text. Roman mythology Roman mythology is the body of myths of ancient Rome as represented in the literature and visual arts of the Romans , and is a form of Roman folklore . "Roman mythology" may also refer to

2842-552: The system of Greek religious belief than among the Romans, for whom ritual and cultus were primary. Although Roman religion was not based on scriptures and their exegesis , priestly literature was one of the earliest written forms of Latin prose . The books (libri) and commentaries (commentarii) of the College of Pontiffs and of the augurs contained religious procedures, prayers, and rulings and opinions on points of religious law. Although at least some of this archived material

2900-574: The three useful and favourable winds (the east wind, Eurus, seen as bad omen). They are the three wind gods mentioned by Hesiod , as ancient Greeks avoided talking about Eurus. Zephyrus and Boreas were thought to dwell together in a palace in Thrace . In the Odyssey however, they all seem to dwell on the island of Aeolia , as Zeus has tasked Aeolus with the job of the keeper of the winds. Aeolus receives Odysseus and his wretched crew, and hosts them for

2958-534: The two most prominent wind gods, their role in mythology is relatively limited. Zephyrus, similarly to his brothers, also received a minor cult during ancient times, although his worship was fairly minor compared to others and he was overshadowed by the more important gods such as the Twelve Olympians . Nevertheless, traces of it are found in Classical Athens and surrounding regions and city-states, where it

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3016-419: The wind drove a wave right into his face, driving his lover Calamus into despair, who went on to take his life. According to Pseudo-Oppian , he also became the genitor of tigers by an unnamed consort. Zephyrus, along with his brother Boreas, is one of the most prominent of the Anemoi; they are frequently mentioned together by poets, and along with a third brother, Notus (the south wind) they were seen as

3074-608: The wind gods, the Anemoi ( Boreas , Eurus and Notus ) was said to be the son of Eos , the goddess of the dawn, by her husband and first cousin Astraeus , a minor god related to the stars. The poet Ovid dubs the four of them 'the Astraean brothers' in reference to their paternity. He is thus also brother to the rest of Eos and Astraeus's children, namely the five star-gods and the justice goddess Astraea . His mortal half-brothers include Memnon and Emathion , sons of his mother Eos by

3132-424: The wind-god that bore a one-sided love for the beautiful prince. Zephyrus's role in this myth reflects his connection to flowers and springtime as the gentle west wind, who, in spite of his traditional gentleness, is nonetheless a harsh lover like all winds are. Not every version of this tale features Zephyrus however, and his participation is a secondary narrative; in many of them he is absent, and Hyacinthus's death

3190-454: Was available for consultation by the Roman senate , it was often occultum genus litterarum , an arcane form of literature to which by definition only priests had access. Prophecies pertaining to world history and to Rome's destiny turn up fortuitously at critical junctures in history, discovered suddenly in the nebulous Sibylline books , which Tarquin the Proud (according to legend) purchased in

3248-406: Was called Favonius (the "favouring") who held dominion over plants and flowers, however 'Zephyrus' was also commonly used by Romans. Some later authors would also describe him as having wings in his head. The Roman poet Horace writes: quid fles, Asterie, quem tibi candidi primo restituent vere Favonii? Why do you weep, Asterie, for the man whom the bright west winds will restore to you at

3306-572: Was grazing on a meadow near the banks of the Ocean, implied in the form of a mare. Quintus Smyrnaeus also says that by a Harpy he had Arion , the talking horse. Like with the case of Eros, Arion's more common parentage is different, in this case the Olympians Demeter and Poseidon . In some sources Zephyrus has a son named Carpus ("fruit") by a nymph Hora , who drowned in the Maeander river when

3364-481: Was usually joint with the cults of the other wind gods. His equivalent in Roman mythology and religion is the god Favonius . The ancient Greek noun ζέφυρος is the word for the wind that blows from the west. His name is attested in Mycenaean Greek as ze-pu 2 -ro ( Linear B : 𐀽𐁆𐀫 ), which points to a possible Proto-Hellenic form *Dzépʰuros . Further attestation of the god and his worship as part of

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