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59-521: The name, ZCMI , is an acronym for Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution, an early American department store founded by the LDS Church in 1868 and headquartered on the mall's site for many decades. ZCMI would be the mall's major tenant, which, at the time of its opening, was the largest downtown mall in the United States . Soon after the mall opened, another downtown shopping mall, Crossroads Plaza ,

118-506: A few days later. The mall's food court, which remained opened longer than its retail operations, closed on October 6, 2008. City Creek Center opened in ZCMI Center's place on March 22, 2012. One of the mall's memorable features was a large chandelier that hung in the ZCMI store. The chandelier, which was made of Austrian glass and handblown crystal imported from Venice , Italy , weighed 3 tons and

177-635: A revelation to Smith stated that "it must needs be that one be appointed of the high priesthood to preside over the Priesthood and he shall be called President of the high priesthood of the Church... and again the duty of the President of the high priesthood is to preside over the whole church". Smith was ordained to that position and sustained by the church on January 25, 1832, at a conference in Amherst, Ohio . In 1835,

236-482: A traveling Titanic exhibition titled Titanic: The Artifact Exhibition by Premier Exhibitions was hosted in 2004–2005. In 2003, the LDS Church purchased the neighboring Crossroads Plaza. On October 8 of that year, the church presented preliminary plans to significantly remodel both Crossroads Plaza and the ZCMI Center Mall. Three years later, on October 3, 2006, the church announced more detailed plans regarding

295-524: Is found in church scriptures "regardless of the position of the man who says it". Instructions given or positions taken by the president of the church can be changed by a future president of the church because of the Latter-day Saint belief in " continuing revelation ". It is accepted that a church president will occasionally revise or clarify instructions of past church presidents. Church apostle Ezra Taft Benson counseled to "beware of those who would pit

354-564: Is its leader and the head of the First Presidency , its highest governing body. Latter-day Saints consider the president of the church to be a " prophet, seer, and revelator " and refer to him as "the Prophet", a title that was originally given to Smith. When the name of the president is used by adherents, it is usually prefaced by the title " President ". Russell M. Nelson has been the president since January 14, 2018. Latter-day Saints consider

413-512: The ex officio chairman of the Church Boards of Trustees/Education . The concept that the Church of Christ would have a single presiding officer arose in late 1831. Initially, after the church's formation on April 6, 1830, Joseph Smith referred to himself as "an apostle of Jesus Christ, and elder of the church". However, there was another apostle , Oliver Cowdery , and several other elders of

472-485: The "Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ" were revised, changing the phrase "an... elder of the church" to "the first elder of this Church". Thus, after 1835, Smith was sometimes referred to as the "First Elder" of the church. The 1835 revision also added a verse that referred to the office of "president of the high priesthood (or presiding elder)", which had since been added to the church hierarchy. In 1844, in jail awaiting trial for treason charges, Joseph Smith

531-574: The 16th church president, Thomas S. Monson , Russell M. Nelson was ordained and set apart on January 14, 2018, as the church's 17th president. In an unprecedented move, Nelson was introduced as the new church president by D. Todd Christofferson , the senior apostle on the Church Public Affairs Committee on January 16, 2018, in a broadcast originating from the annex of the Salt Lake Temple . Nelson then introduced his counselors and

590-472: The First Presidency were never ordained to the office of apostle, such as Charles W. Nibley and John R. Winder . Whether or not a counselor in the First Presidency is an ordained apostle, he is accepted by the church as a prophet, seer, and revelator. Counselors are designated "First Counselor in the First Presidency" and "Second Counselor in the First Presidency", based on the order of being selected by

649-544: The First Presidency. There have also been a few cases of counselors being ordained to the priesthood office of apostle and becoming members of the Quorum of the Twelve after they had been chosen as counselors in the First Presidency, like J. Reuben Clark . There have been other cases of counselors being ordained to the office of apostle but not set apart as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, such as Alvin R. Dyer . Other counselors in

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708-580: The LDS Church, purchased the building's top 20 floors for $ 12 million (equivalent to $ 67,948,052 in 2023) and the building became known as Beneficial Life Tower. Intermountain Healthcare and Bonneville International were among other tenants of the building at its opening. Beneficial Life moved into the tower in November 1975. The tower included approximately 375,000 square feet (34,800 m) of space, with 18,000 square feet (1,700 m) on each floor. When

767-498: The President of the Quorum of the Twelve before the First Presidency was reconstituted after the death of Joseph Smith. The tradition of waiting for two to three years before selecting a new president continued until the 1898 death of the fourth president of the church, Wilford Woodruff . Since then, the surviving apostles have typically met in the Salt Lake Temple on the Sunday following the late president's funeral, to select and set apart

826-422: The Quorum 1868), the senior apostle serving in the Quorum. However, on April 5, 1900, the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve unanimously decided that the date an individual became a member of the Quorum of the Twelve was the relevant date for succession purposes, not the date an individual was ordained as an apostle. Thus, Joseph F. Smith (ordained apostle 1866 and added to the quorum 1867) became president of

885-469: The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles rejoin it. The Quorum of the Twelve, which may number greater than twelve with the returning members from the First Presidency, then becomes the presiding council of the church, with the senior apostle as its president. (Seniority is determined by the time since joining the Quorum, not by age.) The President of the Quorum of the Twelve becomes the highest-ranking official in

944-450: The Quorum rather than ordination as an apostle. Young argued that an apostle should not be demoted as long as he is worthy of the position. On March 31, 1900, Snow met with his counselors, Cannon and Smith, and decided to change the policy to gauge seniority based on entrance to the Quorum, rather than ordination as an apostle. Part of the reasoning was the ordination of Brigham Young Jr was done privately by his father, Brigham Young, without

1003-477: The Quorum. On November 23, 1918, Anthon H. Lund , the most senior apostle, was called to serve in the First Presidency. Rather than give up his title as President of the Quorum, as had been done earlier, he maintained his title, and Rudger Clawson was given the title of Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . That pattern is the pattern that is followed today. Following the January 2, 2018, death of

1062-446: The Twelve Apostles is important, as the senior apostle presides over the Quorum and usually becomes the president of the church after the current president's death. Specific rules have been applied to unusual situations that have arisen over time, including a member being removed from the quorum by disfellowshipment or excommunication and later being restored to the quorum. It was decided that, the removed apostle then loses his seniority in

1121-573: The ZCMI Center was demolished in the 2000s, the Beneficial Life Tower remained and was incorporated into City Creek Center. It was renamed as the KeyBank Tower at City Creek. In 1991, a tunnel was excavated under State Street to provide access between the ZCMI Center and parking structures on the block east of the mall. During the excavation, the foundations of Salt Lake City's historic Social Hall were discovered. The Social Hall Heritage Museum

1180-438: The block. In May 1969, the LDS Church announced plans to develop a shopping mall on the block, which would replace ZCMI's ageing conglomerate of buildings. The mall would be anchored by a modern, much larger, ZCMI store. The plan, already under development for 10 years prior to the announcement, called for demolishing many of the buildings on the block, except for those on the corners, and included building an office tower. Among

1239-406: The body of the Church". If the doctrine is not accepted by the church as the word of God, members are not bound by it, even if it comes from the President of the Church. Some Latter-day Saints assume that statements made by the president in sermons at a church general conference or other formal church meeting would constitute statements made in the capacity of church president. However, even then,

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1298-457: The buildings demolished for the mall was Salt Lake City's Uptown Theatre, and while initial plans called for building a replacement movie theater in the new mall, those plans were eventually scrapped. Deseret Book Company 's headquarters and store was also razed, with replacement facilities in the new mall complex. On October 12, 1971, pile driving started, which marked the official beginning of mall construction. During construction, buildings on

1357-426: The church and has always become the next church president. However, the appointment is not made official until the Quorum of the Twelve meets and selects the next president of the church. Since the late 19th century, the Quorum of the Twelve has moved quickly to reconstitute the First Presidency within days or weeks of the late church president's death. However, Brigham Young presided over the church for three years as

1416-518: The church in 1901, since he was the living apostle who had become a member of the Quorum of the Twelve at the earliest date. In another instance, Ezra Taft Benson left active status in the quorum for a time when he was serving as the United States Secretary of Agriculture in the Eisenhower administration . However, Benson did not lose seniority in the Quorum, and he became the president of

1475-536: The church upon the death of Spencer W. Kimball . If the President of the Quorum of the Twelve has been called to be a counselor in the First Presidency, the most senior apostle not in the First Presidency is set apart and referred to as the Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . At the death of the president of the church, the Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve retains his position in

1534-556: The church's president to be God's spokesman to the entire world and the highest priesthood authority on earth, with the exclusive right to receive revelations from God on behalf of the entire church or the entire world. The President of the Church serves as the head of both the Council on the Disposition of the Tithes and the Council of the Church . The President of the Church also serves as

1593-439: The church, making the formal hierarchy of the church unclear. In September 1830, after Hiram Page said he had received revelations for the church, a revelation to Smith stated that "no one shall be appointed to receive commandments and revelations in this church excepting my servant Joseph Smith, Jun., for he receiveth them even as Moses." That established Smith's exclusive right to lead the church. In early June 1831, Smith

1652-506: The church. The next senior apostle to the president of the church is set apart by the president to be the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . Though there has never been a popular movement in the church to have a president removed or punished, he could theoretically be removed from his position or otherwise disciplined by the Common Council of the Church . The only president of

1711-461: The complex's new six-level parking garage, and a performance by the Utah Symphony . At its opening, the mall included two levels of retail and cost $ 50 million (equivalent to $ 283,116,883 in 2023). Once the northern part of the mall was completed, Deseret Book held its grand opening on April 2, 1976 with a ribbon cutting by LDS Church president Spencer W. Kimball and ZCMI—recently moved into

1770-463: The dead prophets against the living prophets, for the living prophets always take precedence". Not everything said by the prophet is considered to be doctrine. Joseph Smith taught that "a prophet is a prophet only when he was acting as such". When the church president declares new doctrine, "he will declare it as revelation from God, and it will be so accepted by the Council of the Twelve and sustained by

1829-441: The details below. Request from 172.68.168.132 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 393721165 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Fri, 29 Nov 2024 05:51:06 GMT President of the Church (LDS Church) The President of the Church is the highest office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was the office held by Joseph Smith , the church's founder. The church's president

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1888-453: The development. These new plans would no longer preserve the two different downtown malls, but rather would demolish them and build a single mall, known as City Creek Center. Demolition for the new mall started towards the end of 2006, beginning with the Inn at Temple Square on a neighboring block. The final day retail stores were open in ZCMI Center was July 28, 2007 and its parking structures closed

1947-402: The façade, or fabricating a new one made to look like the original. Local architect, Steven T. Baird, determined there was enough historic fabric remaining that the façade could be restored rather than replaced; a process he would oversee. In October 1973, disassembly of the façade began. Old paint layers were removed and some sections of the façade had to be replaced with new cast iron. The façade

2006-401: The final years of his presidency and at one point, Brigham Young had eight. Counselors are usually chosen from among the members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, but there have been a number of exceptions where members of the church's Presiding Bishopric or persons from the church at large were called to be counselors. Any high priest of the church is eligible to be called as a counselor in

2065-542: The head of the church who intends to mislead its members. That is not a statement of belief that they are "infallible" but that their errors will not result in "the permanent injury of the work". Thus, the current prophet can clarify, correct, or change any previous teachings. When a new president of the church is selected, he chooses counselors to assist him. Most presidents have had a minimum of two counselors, but circumstances have occasionally required more than two. For example, David O. McKay had five counselors during

2124-471: The highest seniority, since Kimball had died. When Young died in 1877, Taylor assumed leadership instead of Hyde. Wilford Woodruff , explained in 1879, "Elder Taylor is the oldest in Ordination and that is why he presides today." The First Presidency was dissolved, and the previous members were ordained as counselors to the Twelve. Other men were called to fill the vacancies in the Quorum. When Taylor died,

2183-457: The leadership of the church fell to the Twelve Apostles. Most who were in attendance were persuaded that the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles should lead the church and Young was sustained as "the president of the quorum of the Twelve and first presidency of the church," thereby assuming leadership of the church. However, Young was not ordained President of the Church at the time. On December 27, 1847, three-and-a-half years after Smith's death, Young

2242-501: The mall's construction. The mall was designed by Gruen Associates and construction was managed as a joint venture between Christiansen Brothers Construction and WW Clyde . Since opening in 1876, the ZCMI store building had an historic iron façade which faced Main Street. Early plans called for maintaining the "spirit and semblance" of this historic front when the buildings behind it were demolished. This included either saving and restoring

2301-411: The members voting on the ordination. That put Cannon and Smith ahead of both Brigham Young Jr. and John Willard Young. However, Brigham Young Jr. maintained his position as President of the Quorum. Before Snow died, he instructed Smith not to wait to reorganize the First Presidency, which gave no time to John Willard Young to object. From then on, apostles were not ordained without also being called to

2360-436: The new leadership of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. That introduction was followed with a traditional press conference, which has been typical for new church presidents and their counselors since being originated in 1973 with new church president Spencer W. Kimball . In the LDS Church, when a president of the church dies, the First Presidency is dissolved, and the members of the First Presidency who were formerly members of

2419-407: The next president of the church (that was done in 1973, and described in detail by N. Eldon Tanner to Brigham Young University students in 1978). At the next regularly scheduled general conference , the membership of the church have the opportunity of sustaining their new leader by common consent , at a special conference session referred to as a " solemn assembly ". Seniority in the Quorum of

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2478-454: The north portion of the mall from temporary quarters in the south portion—was opened and dedicated on September 13, 1976, also by President Kimball. The completed mall had 2,000,000 square feet (190,000 m) of space, of which 300,000 square feet (28,000 m) was for retail. Once fully occupied, the mall contained 60 stores. Included in the mall's construction was a 26-story office building. Beneficial Life Insurance Company , also owned by

2537-530: The pattern changed, and the members of the First Presidency rejoined the Quorum based on their seniority. Two years later, Wilford Woodruff was ordained as President of the Church and Lorenzo Snow was the President of the Quorum. When Woodruff died, his counselors returned to the Quorum based on the date they were ordained an apostle, placing George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith below Brigham Young Jr. and John Willard Young . Heber J. Grant objected to that arguing that seniority should be based on ordination to

2596-492: The president may explicitly indicate that he is expressing only a personal opinion. However, individual members of the church may feel cultural pressure to follow suggestions from the president of the church, whether or not they would be considered authoritative. Presidents of the church have taught that God will never allow the president to lead the Latter-day Saints astray and that God will "remove" any man who stands at

2655-411: The president. Additional counselors have been designated in different ways, including "Third Counselor in the First Presidency" (such as Hugh B. Brown ), "Assistant Counselor to the President" (such as John Willard Young ), and simply "Counselor in the First Presidency" (such as Thorpe B. Isaacson ). The president and all his counselors constitute the First Presidency, which is the presiding quorum of

2714-531: The public on July 17, 1975. At the time only the southern half of the mall had been completed, and the only stores open that day were Joseph Magnin , Weisfield's Jewelers, and ZCMI, with additional stores opening over the following weeks. The grand opening was held September 22, 1975, with the mayor of Salt Lake City, Conrad B. Harrison , cutting the ribbon. Also at the ceremonies were LDS Church leaders, including N. Eldon Tanner . The grand opening ceremonies lasted six days, and included an antique car parade through

2773-476: The quorum and their previous service was not considered when calculating quorum seniority. Later, whether or not an apostle was a member of the Quorum and when the apostle was added as a member of the Quorum became an important factor. For example, following the death of Lorenzo Snow , John Willard Young (ordained 1855 but never in the Quorum) became the senior apostle, and Brigham Young, Jr. (ordained 1864 and added to

2832-432: The quorum's membership, and the President of the Quorum of the Twelve takes his role as President of the Quorum. When the church president is speaking in his official capacity, his words are not considered "infallible". Members of the church are considered not fully justified in their actions if they "blindly" follow the president. The church has counseled its members that they should reject statements that contradict what

2891-414: The quorum. For example, Brigham Young decided that John Taylor was to be President of the Twelve and Wilford Woodruff would follow him in seniority because of the readmission to the quorum of Orson Hyde , who had been disfellowshipped in 1846, and Orson Pratt , who had been excommunicated in 1842. Young ruled in 1875 that when Hyde and Pratt rejoined the quorum, they became the newest junior members of

2950-456: The senior surviving member of the church's First Presidency , argued there could be no successor to the deceased prophet and that he should be made the "Protector" of the church. Brigham Young opposed that reasoning and motion, as Smith had earlier recorded a revelation, which stated the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles was "equal in authority and power" to the First Presidency, so Young claimed that

3009-443: The southern half of the block, along with the ZCMI parking structure, were demolished first. That half of the mall was then built, after which ZCMI temporarily moved into the new southern portion. The ZCMI buildings on the north half of the block were then demolished and the remaining half of the mall was constructed, after which ZCMI then moved into permanent quarters in the north part of the mall. This allowed ZCMI to remain open during

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3068-450: Was killed by an armed mob . Hyrum Smith, his presumed successor, was killed in the same incident. Smith had not indisputably established who was next in line as successor to President of the Church. Several claimants to the role of church president emerged during the succession crisis that ensued. Before a large meeting convened to discuss the succession in Nauvoo, Illinois , Sidney Rigdon ,

3127-416: Was built directly across the street. The mall covered the majority of block 75, which is bounded by Main Street on the west, South Temple on the north, State Street on the east, and 100 South on the south. ZCMI first opened a store at this site on April 1, 1876, allowing it to consolidate different departments into one structure; although, over time, the institution would expand to a number of buildings on

3186-534: Was made exclusively for the store when it opened in 1975. Macy's , which by 2007 owned the assets of ZCMI department stores, donated 1,500 pieces of the dismantled chandelier to various charitable organizations when the mall closed. Nearly one-third went to the Daughters of Utah Pioneers . ZCMI Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include

3245-420: Was ordained the President of the Church. At the time, seniority was determined by the first date of ordination as an apostle. By that definition, Heber C. Kimball was the most senior. However, since he was called to the First Presidency, Orson Hyde , who was the next most senior apostle became the President of the Quorum. In 1869, Brigham Young changed the order of the seniority, placing Brigham Young Jr. , who

3304-491: Was ordained to the "high priesthood," along with twenty-two other men, including prominent figures in the church such as Hyrum Smith , Parley P. Pratt , and Martin Harris . As " high priests ", they were higher in the priesthood hierarchy than the elders of the church. However, it was still unclear whether Smith's and Cowdery's callings as apostles gave them superior authority to that of other high priests. On November 11, 1831,

3363-510: Was the most recently called member of the Quorum, ahead of Joseph F. Smith . Smith had been in the Quorum longer, but Young Jr. had been an apostle longer. In 1875, Young changed the definition of seniority to be determined by the longest continuous term as an apostle. Since Orson Hyde and Orson Pratt had been temporarily removed from the apostleship during Nauvoo, they were removed from their position and placed in seniority, based on when they were reinstated as an apostle. That gave John Taylor

3422-516: Was then created, which displayed the foundation and discovered artifacts, while also serving as the tunnel's eastern entrance/exit. The Park Food Court was opened in April 1992, replacing an open-air plaza that had surrounded the office tower (then known as the Kennecott Building) in the northwest corner of the block. The Utah Museum of Natural History operated the "Annex at the ZCMI Center" where

3481-475: Was then reconstructed, in approximately its original location, on the face of the mall's new ZCMI store. Several of the neighboring buildings not part of the ZCMI project, such as First Security Bank's Deseret Plaza, took the opportunity to remodel or rebuild while the mall was being constructed. As part of transforming the block into a mall, ZCMI moved its headquarters to South Salt Lake , leaving only its flagship store downtown. The ZMCI Center first opened to

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