Rapids are sections of a river where the river bed has a relatively steep gradient , causing an increase in water velocity and turbulence . Flow, gradient, constriction, and obstacles are four factors that are needed for a rapid to be created.
13-657: Xingu may refer to: Distinctly Brazilian topics: Major, and also original, senses: Xingu River , in north Brazil, southeast tributary of the Amazon Xingu peoples , indigenous peoples living near the Xingu River Xingu Indigenous Park , located in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil Strongly related to the river and/or peoples: Xingu (film) , 2011 Brazilian drama by director Cao Hamburger Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Xingu , located in
26-414: A run (a smoothly flowing part of a stream ) and a cascade. Rapids are characterized by the river becoming shallower with some rocks exposed above the flow surface. As flowing water splashes over and around the rocks, air bubbles become mixed in with it and portions of the surface acquire a white color, forming what is called " whitewater ". Rapids occur where the bed material is highly resistant to
39-616: A larger gradient, the water flows downhill faster. Gradients are typically measured in feet per mile. This impacts the river's flow or discharge , which is measured as a volume of water per unit of time. The faster the water flows, the more likely a rapid will form. Rapids are categorized in classes , generally running from I to VI. A Class 5 rapid may be categorized as Class 5.1-5.9. While Class I rapids are easy to navigate and require little maneuvering, Class VI rapids pose threat to life with little or no chance for rescue. River rafting sports are carried out where many rapids are present in
52-463: A project of musician John Sellekaers Prose fiction: Xingu, character in James Thurber's children's book The 13 Clocks Xingu and Other Stories , early short-story collection by Edith Wharton Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Xingu . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
65-629: Is a 1,640 km (1,020 mi) river in north Brazil . It is a southeast tributary of the Amazon River and one of the largest clearwater rivers in the Amazon basin , accounting for about 5% of its water. The first Indigenous Park in Brazil was created in the river basin by the Brazilian government in the early 1960s. This park marks the first indigenous territory recognized by the Brazilian government and it
78-689: The Volta Grande rapids. In the Upper Xingu region was a highly self-organized pre-Columbian anthropogenic landscape, including deposits of fertile agricultural terra preta , black soil in Portuguese , with a network of roads and polities each of which covered about 250 square kilometers. Near the source of Xingu River is Culuene River , a 600 kilometres (370 mi) tributary. [REDACTED] Media related to Xingu River at Wikimedia Commons Rapids Rapids are hydrological features between
91-464: The Xingu River Basin and it is estimated that the total is around 600 fish species, including many endemics . At least 193 fish species living in rapids are known from the lower Xingu, and at least 26 of these are endemic. From 2008 to 2018 alone, 24 new fish species have been described from the river. Many species are seriously threatened by the dam, which will significantly alter the flow in
104-566: The area of the Xingu River Xingu corydoras ( Corydoras xinguensis ), a tropical freshwater fish Xingu River ray ( Potamotrygon leopoldi ), a tropical freshwater ray endemic to the river Xingu Beer , a beer named after the river. Embraer EMB 121 Xingu , twin turboprop light airplane Xingu! , 2007 comic book by Sergio Macedo Exotic names (but lacking obvious relationship to Latin America): Xingu Hill ,
117-423: The course. Constriction refers to when rivers flow through narrower channels, thus increasing the velocity of the water. This may also lead to the creation of obstructions due to sediment transportation and erosion . Obstacles may occur by human activity, natural landslides and earthquakes, or accumulation of sediment or debris. The more prominent these four factors are present in a river, the more likely that river
130-406: The erosive power of the stream in comparison with the bed downstream of the rapids. Very young streams flowing across solid rock may be rapids for much of their length. Rapids cause water aeration of the stream or river, resulting in better water quality. For a rapid to form, a necessary condition is the presence of a gradient, which refers to the river or stream's downward slope. When a river has
143-527: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Xingu&oldid=1253822889 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Xingu River The Xingu River ( / ʃ iː ŋ ˈ ɡ uː / sheeng- GOO ; Portuguese : Rio Xingu [ˈʁi.u ʃĩˈɡu] ; Mẽbêngôkre : Byti [bɯˈti] )
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#1732844891258156-596: Was the world's largest indigenous preserve on the date of its creation. Currently, fourteen tribes live within Xingu Indigenous Park , surviving on natural resources and extracting from the river most of what they need for food and water. The Brazilian government built the Belo Monte Dam on the Lower Xingu, which began operations in 2019 and is the world's fifth-largest hydroelectric dam. Construction of this dam
169-401: Was under legal challenge by environment and indigenous groups, who assert the dam would have negative environmental and social impacts along with reducing the flow by up to 80% along a 100 km (60 mi) stretch known as the Volta Grande ("Big Bend"). The river flow in this stretch is highly complex and includes major sections of rapids . More than 450 fish species have been documented in
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