The principal is the chief executive and the chief academic officer of a university or college in certain parts of the Commonwealth .
8-465: William Otter (23 October 1768 – 20 August 1840) was the first Principal of King's College, London , who later served as Bishop of Chichester . William Otter was born at Cuckney, Nottinghamshire on 23 October 1768, the son of Dorothy ( née Wright) Otter (d. 1772) and the Rev. Edward Otter. He was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge , where he was later made a fellow . He was appointed Principal of
16-492: A principal in charge (e.g., Cirencester College and West Nottinghamshire College ). At collegiate universities , the title of principal is used for the head of college at many colleges. These include: In Scotland the principal is appointed by the University Court or governing body of the university and will be chairman or president of the body of academics. In the case of the ancient universities of Scotland
24-745: The United States , the principal is the head of school at most pre-university, non-boarding schools. Queen's University , the constituent colleges of the University of Toronto , and McGill University in Canada have principals instead of presidents or rectors , as a result of their Scottish origins. In addition, Bishop's University , and the Royal Military College of Canada also have principals. Many colleges of further education in England have
32-572: The University of Chichester. On 3 July 1804, he married Nancy Sadleir Bruère in Leatherhead, Surrey. Nancy was a granddaughter of George Bruere , British Governor of Bermuda . Together, they had three sons and five daughters: Otter died on 20 August 1840. His eldest son William had four sons and six daughters, including Lt. William Otter RN (1840–1870), and was the grandfather of Hugh Otter-Barry , Bishop of Mauritius . Through his son Alfred, he
40-538: The full title was "principal teacher", which accounts for the present-day title having an adjectival form, essentially being a shortened version of the original full title. Yet the terms head(master/mistress) and head of school are still used in older schools, such as in Louisiana and some southern small towns. School principals in the United States are sometimes required to have school administrator licensing, and often,
48-462: The newly established King's College, London, in 1831, and held the post until 1836 when he was appointed Bishop of Chichester . Otter established a small college to train schoolmasters in 1840, which was rebuilt in his memory in 1849 as Bishop Otter College . The college failed in 1867 and it was relaunched in 1873 with Fanny Trevor as Lady Principal. It is now the main Bishop Otter Campus of
56-457: The principal is president of the Academic Senate . The principal also holds the title of vice-chancellor , but their powers with regard to this position extend only to the awarding of degrees, as both the vice-chancellor and chancellor are titular posts. In 1999, there were about 133,000 principals and assistant principals in the United States. In the early decades of public education,
64-495: Was a grandfather of Gen. William Dillon Otter . Through his daughter Jacqueline, he was a grandfather of Coutts Trotter (1837–1887), Vice Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, Edward Bush Trotter (1842–1920), Archdeacon of Western Downs, Australia, Col. Sir Henry Trotter . Through his daughter Maria, he was a grandfather of Maj. William Christopher James, who married Effie Gray Millais (the daughter of Effie Gray and John Everett Millais ). Principal (university) In
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