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17-562: (Redirected from Wicomoco ) The name Wicomico may refer to the following: The Wicocomico or Wicomico people, an Algonquian-speaking Native American tribe, part of whom lived in the Tidewater region of Virginia Wicomico River (disambiguation) , several rivers tributary to the Chesapeake Bay watershed Wicomico County, Maryland USS  Wicomico  (YT-26) , formerly USS Choctaw ,

34-730: A Native American tribe , the Wicocomico Indian Nation based in Heathsville, Virginia, claims descent from the Wicocomico. They are neither federally recognized nor state-recognized . Weroance Weroance is an Algonquian word meaning leader or commander among the Powhatan confederacy of the Virginia coast and Chesapeake Bay region. Weroances were under a paramount chief called Powhatan. The Powhatan Confederacy , encountered by

51-588: A yard tug in the United States Navy Wicomico High School Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Wicomico . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wicomico&oldid=699974776 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

68-686: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Wicocomico people According to John R. Swanton they were a subdivision of the Nanticoke. They were the first Native people on the mainland to encounter Captain John Smith , before his famous interaction with Pamunkey and Pocahontas of the Powhatan people. Due to constant encroachment and manipulation by settlers, opportunists, and Captain Smith, as well as internal conflict regarding how to respond to these,

85-663: The Battle of the Wilderness fought there, because the ground was so littered with bodies. Being a massive "burial" site, the ground could no longer be cultivated. Some of the splintered tribe joined the Powhatan Confederacy, the rest integrated. They were rendered functionally extinct and soon disappeared from the historical record. Wicocomico is also written Wiccocomoco, Wighcocomoco, Wicomico, Wicomoco (by James Mooney ), Wicocomoco (by John Reed Swanton ), and Wicacoan. Originally just

102-627: The Weroance of Arrohattec (whose given name was Ashaquid) was often referred to simply as "Arrohattec", much as the Earl of Essex would be referred to just as "Essex" in lieu of a personal name. When the English arrived in Virginia, some of the weroances subject to the paramount chief Powhatan, or mamanatowick (Wahunsenacawh) were his own nearest male relatives: In Powhatan society, women could inherit power, because

119-416: The Wicocomico, by 1719 they retained only 1,700 acres (6.9 km ) of their original 4,400-acre (18 km ) reservation. In 1705, Robert Beverley, Jr. wrote "In Northumberland, Wiccocomoco, has but three men living, which yet keep up their Kingdom, and retain their Fashion; they live by themselves, separate from all other Indians, and from the English." After June 1719 and the death of William Taptico,

136-517: The colonists of Jamestown and adjacent area of the Virginia Colony beginning in 1607, spoke an Algonquian language. Each tribe of the Powhatan Confederacy was led by its own weroance. Most foreign writers who have come across a weroance only did so on a special occasion. This is the case because a foreigner's presence was special. John Smith noted that there are few differences between weroances and their subjects. In older texts, especially from

153-415: The inheritance of power was matrilineal . In A Map of Virginia John Smith of Jamestown explains: His [ Chief Powhatan 's] kingdome descendeth not to his sonnes nor children: but first to his brethren, whereof he hath 3 namely Opitchapan , Opechancanough , and Catataugh ; and after their decease to his sisters. First to the eldest sister, then to the rest: and after them to the heires male and female of

170-551: The last Wicocomico weroance, the colonial government confiscated the lands by force. The remnants of the Wicocomico dispersed, and the tribe has been considered extinct. In 1730, the Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 declared that one of the public tobacco warehouses should be "At Wiccocomico, at Robert Jones's; and at Coan, at the warehouses in Northumberland, under one inspection." An organization that self-identifies as

187-531: The local tribes by the mid-17th century. Sometime between 1652 and 1655, the Court directed the Wicocomico and Chicacoan (or Sekakawons ) tribes to merge and relocate slightly south of the Great Wicomico River . They were given 50 acres per fighting man, for a total of 4,400 acres (18 km ) near Dividing Creek. The Lower Cuttatawomen probably merged with them between 1656 and 1659. The merged tribes' adopted

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204-475: The name "Wicocomico" since that group was the most numerous. The court appointed Machywap (formerly the leader of the Chicacoan) as the weroance of the combined tribes, as he had an English wife, was therefore considered a friend of the Smith and his fellow colonists and "easy to manage (manipulate)". By 1659, the frustrations over encroachment from English colonists boiled over, resulting in the combined majority of

221-554: The name of a single band, the Wicocomico became an umbrella term for survivors of related bands in the 1650s. The Wicocomico people were encountered by Captain John Smith in 1608 as he explored Virginia. He notes a village of about 130 men on the South side of the mouth of the Patawomeke (Potomac) River. The Northumberland County Court began manipulating and interfering in the governance of

238-541: The newcomers (English settlers). Weroances and Priest were the only ones allowed to enter into religious temples. A weroance did not go to meet any visitor, visitors were escorted to see a weroance. The weroance, their wives, and councilors often dressed in the finest jewels, and tanned deer skin. Several of the weroances' personal names were known and some recorded by William Strachey and other sources. The names of their respective chieftaincies were also commonly used as titles, exactly analogous to European peerages, so that

255-411: The time of the early Jamestown settlers, spelling was not standardized, so the following spellings are used in different texts: A weroansqua is a female ruler. Spellings of this word also vary. Paramount chiefs let their district and subordinate weroances make the final decision on how to handle a hostile situation. This was made apparent with the events that took place in 1607 and the hostility with

272-437: The tribe splintered. The colonial court of Virginia ordered them to merge with a smaller tribe and renamed the Wicocomico. The English colonists assigned them a flag and a reservation of 4,400 acres (18 km ) near Dividing Creek, south of the Great Wicomico River . The grandson of Machywap (later called Machywap Taptico, once a friend of John Smith) was forced to sell the last remaining piece of Wicacoan-owned land following

289-400: The tribes of the Wicocomico to depose Machywap, possibly by force, and replace him with Pekwem (a Powhatan confederacy sympathizer without ties to the English colonists) as their weroance. Colonists' encroachment on their lands created constant problems. From 1660 to 1673, the Wicocomico frequently challenged colonists in court over land disputes. Although most disputes were settled in favor of

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