30-423: (Redirected from White Heron ) White heron may refer to: Great egret , ( Ardea alba ), also known as the great white egret, common egret or white heron Eastern great egret ( Ardea alba modesta ) " A White Heron ", a short story by Sarah Orne Jewett Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
60-413: A subspecies of the great egret ( A. alba ). In New Zealand it is known as the white heron or by its Māori name kōtuku . It was first described by British ornithologist John Edward Gray in 1831. This species was originally described as the "pure white heron of India", Ardea modesta , by Gray in 1831, but was later generally considered a synonym of Ardea alba , by Ellman in 1861 through to
90-646: A great egret chick had hatched, making it a new breeding bird record for the UK. In 2017, seven nests in Somerset fledged 17 young, and a second breeding site was announced at Holkham National Nature Reserve in Norfolk where a pair fledged three young. In January 2021, BirdGuides, a UK website and magazine which reports sightings of rare birds, dropped the species from its list of nationally rare birds because sightings had become so numerous. In August 2024, RSPB Scotland announced that
120-628: A half times as long as its own body. The eastern great egret has a wide distribution throughout Asia and Oceania, with breeding populations in Australia , Bangladesh , China , Nepal , India , Indochina , Indonesia , Japan , Korea , Myanmar , New Zealand (in the Waitangiroto Nature Reserve ), Pakistan , Papua New Guinea , Philippines (Zamboanga), Russia (north-eastern), Solomon Islands , Sri Lanka , Thailand and Taiwan . The egret breeds across Australia but only rarely in
150-737: A pair had raised three chicks at their Loch of Strathbeg nature reserve in North Aberdeenshire, the first chicks to hatch in Scotland. A similar move northwards has been observed in the Nordic countries where historically it was only a rare visitor. The first confirmed breeding in Sweden was 2012 and in Denmark was 2014. Both countries now have small colonies. In 2018, a pair of great egrets nested in Finland for
180-499: Is a large heron with all-white plumage. Its bill is black in the breeding season and yellow at other times, and its long legs are red or black. The colours of the bare parts of the face change to green during the breeding season. The breeding plumage is also marked by long neck plumes and a green facial area. The eastern great egret can be distinguished from other white egrets and herons in Asia and Australia by its very long neck, one and
210-522: Is featured in the cover art of the 1992 Faith No More album Angel Dust . In Belarus , a commemorative coin has the image of a great egret. The great egret also features on the New Zealand $ 2 coin and on the Hungarian 5-forint coin . Eastern great egret Ardea modesta The eastern great egret ( Ardea alba modesta ) is a species of heron from the genus Ardea , usually considered
240-538: Is from Asia and Australasia and some taxonomists consider it to be a full species, the eastern great egret ( Ardea modesta ), but most scientists treat it as a subspecies. The great egret is a large heron with all-white plumage . Standing up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall, this species can measure 80 to 104 cm (31 to 41 in) in length with a wingspan of 131 to 170 cm (52 to 67 in). Body mass can range from 700 to 1,500 g (1.5 to 3.3 lb), with an average around 1,000 g (2.2 lb). It
270-535: Is not normally a vocal bird; it gives a low, hoarse croak when disturbed, and at breeding colonies, it often gives a loud croaking cuk cuk cuk and higher-pitched squawks. Owing to its wide distribution across so much of the Americas, as well as Africa, Europe and Asia, the great egret shares its habitat with many other similar species. For example, the little egret ( Egretta garzetta ), intermediate egret ( Ardea intermedia ), Chinese egret ( Egretta eulophotes ), and
300-463: Is often referred to as the "great white egret". This species is sometimes confused with the great white heron of the Caribbean , which is a white morph of the closely related great blue heron . Four subspecies are found in various parts of the world, which differ but little. Differences among them include bare-part coloration in the breeding season and size. The smallest subspecies, A. a. modesta ,
330-579: Is raised a year, although the breeding season varies within Australia. In the north of the country it is in March to May, in southern and central Queensland December and January, and October to December in the south. Located atop trees at a height of 20 metres (66 ft) or more, the nest is a flat wide platform of dry branches and sticks with a shallow basin for eggs and young. The clutch consists of anywhere from two to six pale blue-green eggs, with three or four being
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#1732854827909360-472: Is thus only slightly smaller than the great blue or grey heron ( A. cinerea ). Apart from size, the great egret can be distinguished from other white egrets by its yellow bill and black legs and feet, though the bill may become darker and the lower legs lighter in the breeding season. In breeding plumage, delicate ornamental feathers are borne on the back. Males and females are identical in appearance; juveniles look like nonbreeding adults. Differentiated from
390-658: The Ciconiiformes , the Ardeidae are closer relatives of pelicans and belong in the Pelecaniformes , instead. The great egret—unlike the typical egrets—does not belong to the genus Egretta , but together with the great herons is today placed in Ardea . In the past, however, it was sometimes placed in Egretta or separated in a monotypic genus Casmerodius . The Old World population
420-506: The common egret , large egret , or (in the Old World ) great white egret or great white heron , is a large, widely distributed egret . The four subspecies are found in Asia, Africa, the Americas, and southern Europe. Recently, it has also been spreading to more northern areas of Europe. Distributed across most of the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world, it builds tree nests in colonies close to water. The great egret
450-488: The intermediate egret ( Ardea intermedia ) by the gape , which extends well beyond the back of the eye in case of the great egret, but ends just behind the eye in case of the intermediate egret. Its flight is slow with its neck retracted. This is characteristic of herons and bitterns , and distinguishes them from storks , cranes , ibises , and spoonbills , which extend their necks in flight. The great egret walks with its neck extended and wings held close. The great egret
480-535: The western reef heron ( Egretta gularis ). In the Americas, the snowy egret ( Egretta thula )—a medium-sized heron that shares the same habitat as the great egret—is one such species. The snowy egret is readily distinguished from the great egret because it is noticeably smaller, and it has a more slender bill which is black in color and yellow feet, whereas the great egret has a yellow bill and black feet. Another species that—in North America—is easily confused with
510-452: The Peters checklist in 1979. It was elevated to species status again by Sibley and Monroe in 1990, and this was supported by a 2005 revision of the herons. It is still sometimes considered a subspecies of the great egret Ardea alba. Measuring 83–103 centimetres (33–41 in) in length and weighing 0.7–1.2 kilograms (1 lb 9 oz – 2 lb 10 oz), the eastern great egret
540-465: The adults. Of the digeneans found in central European great egrets, numerous species likely infected their definitive hosts outside of central Europe itself. The great egret is depicted on the reverse side of a 5- Brazilian reais banknote. The great egret is the symbol of the National Audubon Society . An airbrushed photograph of a great egret in breeding plumage by Werner Krutein
570-502: The end of the 19th century so that their plumes, known as " aigrettes ", could be used to decorate hats. Numbers have since recovered as a result of conservation measures. Its range has expanded as far north as southern Canada . However, in some parts of the southern United States , its numbers have declined due to habitat loss, particularly wetland degradation through drainage, grazing, clearing, burning, increased salinity, groundwater extraction and invasion by exotic plants. Nevertheless,
600-455: The first time, raising four young in a grey heron colony in Porvoo . The species breeds in colonies in trees close to large lakes with reed beds or other extensive wetlands , preferably at height of 10–40 feet (3.0–12.2 m). It begins to breed at 2–3 years of age by forming monogamous pairs each season. Whether the pairing carries over to the next season is not known. The male selects
630-636: The great egret is the white morph of the great blue heron ( Ardea herodias ). The great blue heron is a bit larger, and has a thicker bill than that of the great egret. The great egret is generally a very successful species with a large and expanding range, occurring worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. It is ubiquitous across the Sun Belt of the United States and in the Neotropics . In North America , large numbers of great egrets were killed around
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#1732854827909660-729: The nest area, starts a nest, and then attracts a female. The nest, made of sticks and lined with plant material, could be up to 3 feet across. Up to six bluish green eggs are laid at one time. Both sexes incubate the eggs, and the incubation period is 23–26 days. The young are fed by regurgitation by both parents and are able to fly within 6–7 weeks. The great egret forages in shallow water or in drier habitats, feeding mainly on fish, frogs, other amphibians, small mammals (such as mice), and occasionally small reptiles (such as snakes), crustaceans (such as crayfish) and insects (such as crickets and grasshoppers). This species normally impales its prey with its long, sharp bill by standing still and allowing
690-400: The prey to come within the striking distance of its bill, which it uses as a spear. It often waits motionless for prey or slowly stalks its victim. A long-running field study (1962–2013) suggested that the great egrets of central Europe host 17 different helminth species. Juvenile great egrets were shown to host fewer species, but the intensity of infection was higher in the juveniles than in
720-412: The reserve, an increase compared with recent years. The increase was attributed mainly to the effects of predator control around the reserve. The kōtuku shares this site with the kōtuku ngutupapa , or Royal spoonbill . When Queen Elizabeth II visited New Zealand in 1953 to 1954, she was compared to the kōtuku —a compliment to rare, distinguished visitors. The egret is featured on the reverse side of
750-772: The southwest of the continent or dry interior. The largest colonies within Australia are in the Top End and Channel Country , which can number several thousand pairs. Colonies in the southeast of Australia can number several hundred pairs. The bird is an uncommon autumn and winter visitor to Tasmania . The diet includes vertebrates such as fish , frogs , small reptiles , small birds and rodents , and invertebrates such as insects , crustaceans , and molluscs . The eastern great egret hunts by wading or standing still in shallow water and "spearing" prey with its bill. The eastern great egret often breeds in colonies with other herons, egrets, cormorants , spoonbills and ibises . One brood
780-524: The species adapts well to human habitation and can be readily seen near wetlands and bodies of water in urban and suburban areas. The great egret is partially migratory , with northern hemisphere birds moving south from areas with colder winters. It is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies. In 1953, the great egret in flight
810-544: The title White heron . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_heron&oldid=964525361 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bird common name disambiguation pages Great egret The great egret ( Ardea alba ), also known as
840-505: The usual number. They are oval in shape and measure 52 by 36 millimetres (2 in × 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 in). The subspecies is protected in Australia under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 . In New Zealand the white heron is highly endangered, with only one breeding site at Waitangiroto Nature Reserve in Whataroa . In 2023, there were 56 pairs of kōtuku nesting in
870-454: Was formally described in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the binomial name Ardea alba . He specified the type locality as Europe. The scientific name comes from Latin ardea , "heron", and alba , "white". Like all egrets, it is a member of the heron family , Ardeidae . Traditionally classified with the storks in
900-712: Was chosen as the symbol of the National Audubon Society , which was formed in part to prevent the killing of birds for their feathers. On 22 May 2012, a pair of great egrets was observed nesting in the UK for the first time at the Shapwick Heath nature reserve in Somerset . The species was a rare visitor to the UK and Ben Aviss of the BBC stated that the news could mean the UK's first great egret colony had become established. The following week, Kevin Anderson of Natural England confirmed
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