16-655: Unity State , also known as Western Upper Nile , is a state in South Sudan . Unity State is in the Greater Upper Nile region. Unity is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups: the Nuer majority, and the Dinka minority. In 2015, a presidential decree established a new system of 28 states, replacing the previously established 10. Unity State was replaced by the states of Ruweng , Northern Liech and Southern Liech . Unity State
32-506: A decree establishing 28 states in place of the 10 that was previously established. The decree established the new states largely along ethnic lines. A number of opposition parties challenged the constitutionality of this decree and the decree was referred to parliament for approval as a constitutional amendment. In November, the South Sudanese parliament approved the creation of the new states. In January 2017, President Salva Kiir stated
48-540: A decreed of further subdivision of the country from 28 into 32 states. In February 2020, as a result of a peace agreement that ended the South Sudanese Civil War , the country returned to the original 10 states plus two administrative areas, Greater Pibor and Ruweng , and the special administrative status area of Abyei . As a result of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in 2005,
64-526: Is dominated by the National Congress Party , has failed to withdraw over 15,000 troops from southern oilfields and failed to implement the Protocol on Abyei. The SPLM stated that it was not returning to war, while analysts noted that the agreement had been disintegrating for some time, notably because of international focus on the conflict in nearby Darfur . The SPLM announced that it was rejoining
80-459: Is the state's primary economic activity. Many people of the state are nomadic agro-pastoralists who engage in both agriculture and rearing of livestock, especially cattle. Farming is primarily conducted during the rainy season, although some cultivation also occurs during summer. Vegetables are not widely cultivated, as most farmers are rural rather than urban, and therefore lack access to markets for their produce. Some NGOs have introduced farmers to
96-670: The Abyei Area is considered to be simultaneously part of the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, effectively a condominium . The Kafia Kingi area is disputed between South Sudan and Sudan and the Ilemi Triangle is disputed between South Sudan and Kenya. Under the terms of a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020, South Sudan is divided into ten states, two administrative areas and one area with special administrative status. The states and administrative areas are grouped into
112-622: The Muglad rift basin and contains an estimated 150,000,000 barrels (24,000,000 m) of oil. The Greater Nile Oil Pipeline begins in the Unity oilfield. States of South Sudan The States of South Sudan were created out of the three historic former provinces (and contemporary regions) of Bahr el Ghazal (northwest), Equatoria (southern), and Greater Upper Nile (northeast). The states are further divided into 79 counties . In October 2015, South Sudan's President Salva Kiir Mayardit issued
128-507: The SPLM-IO and former vice president Riek Machar declared the 10 states of South Sudan dissolved and the formation of 21 new states in a federal system. The declaration was not recognised by the South Sudanese government. The Sudan Tribune reported on 1 January 2015 that Machar appointed "military governors" for several of his declared states. These states became defunct when the SPLM-IO joined
144-558: The following agreements (also referred to as protocols): The final, comprehensive agreement was signed on 9 January 2005 and marked the commencement of implementation activities. On 11 October 2007, the SPLM withdrew from the government of national unity (GoNU), accusing the central government of violating the terms of the CPA. In particular, the SPLM states that the Khartoum-based government, which
160-440: The government on 13 December 2007, following an agreement. The agreement states that the seat of government will rotate between Juba and Khartoum every three months, though it appears that this will be largely symbolic, as well as funding for a census (vital for the referendum) and a timetable for the withdrawal of troops across the border. Northern Sudanese troops finally left Southern Sudan on 8 January 2008. A referendum
176-450: The practice of cultivation for market. Southern Sudan's first oil reserves were discovered in the area during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to massive displacement of the indigenous population. Oilfields in the state include the Unity oilfield and most of Block 5A . The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in
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#1732852062235192-518: The three former historical provinces of the Sudan: Bahr el Ghazal , Equatoria , Greater Upper Nile . Each state is headed by a Governor and administrative areas are led by Chief Administrators. On 14 January 2017, President Kiir issued a presidential decree that increased the number of federal states from 28 to 32. The 32 states were as follows: Note: - includes Bari, Lokoya and Nyangwara communities On 22 December 2014, leader of
208-679: The unity government formed by the R-ARCSS in February 2020. Comprehensive Peace Agreement The Comprehensive Peace Agreement ( CPA , Arabic : اتفاقية السلام الشامل , romanized : Ittifāqiyyah al-salām al-šāmil ), also known as the Naivasha Agreement , was an accord signed on 9 January 2005, by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the Government of Sudan . The CPA
224-501: Was held from 9 to 15 January 2011 to determine if South Sudan should declare its independence from Sudan, with 98.83% of the population voting for independence. It became independent as the Republic of South Sudan on 9 July 2011. Popular consultations for Blue Nile and South Kordofan were suspended as part of the ongoing conflict in those regions between the northern wing of the SPLA and
240-617: Was meant to end the Second Sudanese Civil War , develop democratic governance countrywide, and share oil revenues . It also set a timetable for a Southern Sudanese independence referendum . The peace process was encouraged by the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), in addition to a "troika" of donor countries comprising the United States , United Kingdom , and Norway . The process resulted in
256-678: Was re-established by a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020 with smaller boundaries as the northern part of the former state became the Ruweng Administrative Area . The capital of Unity state is Bentiu . Before an administrative reorganization in 1994, Unity was part of a much larger province of Upper Nile, and the state was sometimes called Western Upper Nile. The counties of Unity are: Large towns in Unity include Bentiu , Mayom , Rubkona and Leer . Other towns include Riangnom , Rub-Koni , Yoahnyang , Tam , Mankien , Wang-Kay , Koch , Nyal and Ganyliel . Agriculture
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