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28-531: Romanian Moldavia consists of eight counties , spanning over 18% of Romania's territory. Six out of the 8 counties make up Romania's designated Nord-Est development region , while the two southern counties are included within Romania's Sud-Est development region . It comprises roughly 48.67% of the wider region of Moldavia . The names Moldavia and Moldova are derived from the name of the Moldova River ; however,

56-646: A total area of 6,621 km (2,556 sq mi). In the western part of the county there are mountains from the Eastern Carpathian group. Here, along the valleys of the Oituz River and Trotuș River , there are two important links between Moldavia and Transylvania . On the East side, the heights decrease and the lowest point can be found on the Siret River valley which crosses the county from North to South down

84-507: Is mentioned in a 1334 document as a local boyar in service to Yuriy II of Halych ; this attests to the use of the name before the foundation of the Moldavian state and could be the source for the region's name. The delimitation of the Moldavian dialect, as with all other Romanian dialects , is made primarily by analyzing its phonetic features and only marginally by morphological, syntactical, and lexical characteristics. The Moldavian dialect

112-651: Is the representative of the northern grouping of Romanian dialects and has influenced the Romanian spoken over large areas of Transylvania . The Moldavian and the Wallachian dialects are the only two that have been consistently identified and recognized by linguists. They are clearly distinct in dialect classifications made by Heimann Tiktin , Mozes Gaster , Gustav Weigand , Sextil Pușcariu , Sever Pop , Emil Petrovici , Romulus Todoran , Ion Coteanu , Alexandru Philippide , Iorgu Iordan , Emanuel Vasiliu , and others, whereas

140-536: The Csángós lived was called Csángó Land . According to Romanian Census (2011) data, the region has a total population of 4,178,694 inhabitants (20.7% of Romania's population), distributed among the ethnic groups as follows: The most populous cities as of 2011 census ( metropolitan areas , as of 2014): [REDACTED] Media related to Western Moldavia at Wikimedia Commons Counties of Romania A total of 41 counties ( Romanian : județe ), along with

168-615: The Monarch . The ținuturi represented another layer of administration between counties and the country, as the county borders were not erased. Due to the territorial changes during World War II, this style of administration did not last, and the administration at the județ level was reintroduced after the war. Between 1941 and 1944, Romania administered the territory between the Dniester and Southern Bug rivers known as Transnistria , which consisted of 13 separate counties. After taking over

196-547: The NUTS-3 geocode statistical subdivision scheme of Romania within the European Union . Each of the counties is further divided into cities (some of which have municipality status) and communes . The prefect and his administration have executive prerogatives within the county limits, while limited legislative powers are assigned to a County Council elected every four years during local elections. The territorial districts of

224-510: The Romanian Old Kingdom . County borders were kept largely intact, with few adjustments, and the total number of counties was raised to 71; this lasted until the beginning of World War II . In 1938, King Carol II modified the law on the administration of the Romanian territory according to the fascist model. Ten ținuturi (approx. translation "lands") were created, ruled by Rezidenți Regali (Royal Residents), appointed directly by

252-582: The Romanian judicial system overlap with county borders, thus avoiding further complication in the separation of powers on the government. Bac%C4%83u County Bacău County ( Romanian pronunciation: [baˈkəw] ) is a county ( județ ) of Romania , in Western Moldavia , with its capital city at Bacău . It has one commune, Ghimeș-Făget , in Transylvania . This county has

280-433: The collapse of the communist regime , Bacău continued to be the region's most important GDP supplier, but the county became more famous for the controversial figures involved in the local economy than for its performance. The predominant industries in the county are: In Bacău County there are important reserves of oil and salt. Also coal is exploited. The main tourist destinations in the county are: Some estimates put

308-440: The municipality of Bucharest , constitute the official administrative divisions of Romania . They represent the country 's NUTS-3 ( Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics – Level 3) statistical subdivisions within the European Union and each of them serves as the local level of government within its borders. Most counties are named after a major river , while some are named after notable cities within them, such as

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336-503: The union of Wallachia and the rump of Moldavia , the administrative division was modernized using the French administrative system as a model, with județ as the basic administrative unit. Aside from the 1950–1968 period, this system has remained in place until today. Since 1864, for each județ there exists a prefect , a subordinate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and representative of

364-496: The 71 județe that existed before World War II to only 39 after 1968. The current format has largely been in place since 1968 as only small changes have been made since then, the last of which was in 1997. According to the 2021 census data from the National Institute of Statistics , the average population of Romania's 41 counties is about 423,000, with Iași County as the most populous (760,000) and Tulcea County (193,000)

392-544: The administration of the country in 1945, the Communist Party changed the administrative model to that of the Soviet Union ( regions and raions ) in 1950, but changed it back in 1968. Nevertheless, the county borders set then were quite different from those present during the interbellum , as only 39 counties were formed from the 56 remaining after the war. In 1981, Giurgiu and Călărași were split from Ialomița and

420-570: The animal and was killed by it. The dog's name would have been combined with the Romanian word for water, apă , and given to the river and extended to the country. The Gothic Mulda ( Gothic : 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰, ᛗᚢᛚᛞᚨ) meaning 'dust', 'dirt' (cognate with the English mould ), referring to the river. A Slavic etymology ( -ova is a quite common Slavic suffix), marking the end of one Slavic genitive form, denoting ownership, chiefly of feminine nouns (i.e., 'that of Molda'). A landowner named Alexa Moldaowicz

448-404: The border, whereas lexical differences are minimal. It is worth mentioning however that while on the Romanian side the vocabulary was updated with words attributed by the arrival of modern technologies of the late 20th century and merged with Wallachian and Transilvanian dialects, on the Moldavian side the language remained somehow archaic, preserving more regionalisms, becoming a "time capsule" of

476-548: The county seat. The earliest organization into județe of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia (where they were termed ținuturi ) dates back to at least the late 14th century. For most of the time since modern Romania was formed in 1859 , the administrative division system has been similar to that of the French departments . The system has since changed several times and the number of counties has varied over time, from

504-532: The etymology is not known and there are several variants: A legend mentioned in Descriptio Moldaviae (1714) by Dimitrie Cantemir links it to an aurochs hunting trip of the voivode of the Voivodeship of Maramureș Dragoș and the latter's chase of a star-marked aurochs. Dragoș was accompanied by his female hound, called Molda ; when they reached the shores of an unfamiliar river, Molda caught up with

532-437: The former county of Ilfov, while in 1997, Ilfov County , which had been a dependency of the municipality of Bucharest for nearly two decades, was reinstated. The county borders set in 1968 are still largely in place today, but the functions of different authorities have changed due to administrative reforms in the 1990s. At present, Romania is divided into 41 counties and one municipality (Bucharest); these are assigned as

560-443: The government inside the county; he is also the head of local administration for areas not delegated to local authorities. Until 1948, each județ was further divided into several plăși , each administered by a pretor . After the adoption of a new Constitution in 1923, the traditional local administrative systems of the newly acquired regions of Transylvania , Bukovina and Bessarabia were made uniform in 1925 with that of

588-411: The late 14th century. Inspired from the organization of the late Byzantine Empire , each județ was ruled by a jude (or pârcălab for a ținut ), a person officially appointed with administrative and judicial functions. Transylvania was divided into royal counties headed by comes (royal counts) with administrative and judicial functions. After modern Romania was formed in 1859 through

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616-595: The least. The average county's land area is 5,809 square kilometres (2,243 sq mi), with Timiș County (8,697 square kilometres (3,358 sq mi)) the largest and Ilfov County (1,583 square kilometres (611 sq mi)) the smallest. The municipality of Bucharest, which has the same administrative level as that of a county, is both more populous and much smaller than any county, with 1,716,983 people and 228 square kilometres (88 sq mi). The earliest organization into județe (for Wallachia ), and ținuturi (for Moldavia ), dates back at least to

644-652: The middle. On the East side there is the Moldavian Plateau crossed by many small rivers. Bears, wolves, foxes, wild boars, and squirrels inhabit Bacău County's mountains, particularly in its rural Slănic-Moldova region; the remnants of the local deer are preserved in Mănăstirea Cașin . The county of Bacău was one of the most industrialized regions in the communist period and it remained Moldavia's most important industrial center ever since. There are two large oil refineries at Onești and Dărmănești . Following

672-576: The other dialects have been considerably more controversial and difficult to classify. The Moldavian dialect is not synonymous with Moldovan language . The latter is another term for the Romanian language as used in the Republic of Moldova . The border between Romania and the Republic of Moldova does not correspond to any significant isoglosses to justify a dialectal division; phonetics and morphology (which define dialectal classifications) are identical across

700-451: The south with Putna County . The county was originally divided into five districts ( plăși ): Subsequently, two more districts were established: According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 260,781, comprising 88.6% Romanians, 5.3% Jews, 3.3% Hungarians, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, 75.8% were Eastern Orthodox, 18.1% Roman Catholics, 5.5% Jewish, as well as other minorities. In 1930,

728-526: The total number of Csángós at around 70,000 in 1987. The Bacău County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections , consists of 36 councillors, with the following party composition: Bacău County has 3 municipalities, 5 towns, and 85 communes Bacău became famous after electing Ilie Ilașcu of the Greater Romania Party as their Senator, while he was held in prison in Transnistria . Between

756-528: The way how people spoke before the annexation of the region by the Soviet Union in 1940 through the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact. The area of the region is 46,173 km (17,827 sq mi) and covers 8 counties ( Romanian : județ ), in eastern and northeastern Romania: Bacău , Botoșani , Galați , Iași , Neamț , Suceava , Vaslui , and Vrancea . Suceava County is also referred to as (the southern) part of Bukovina . The part of Moldavia where

784-414: The world wars, Bacău County had a different territorial extent. The county was located in the east central part of Greater Romania , in the center of Moldavia . Its territory included the central part of the current Bacău County. It bordered on the west with the counties of Trei Scaune and Ciuc , in the north with Neamț and Roman counties, in the east with the counties of Tutova and Tecuci , and in

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