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18-669: Along with the Semmering Pass , the Wechsel Pass is one of the most important connections between Lower Austria and Styria. Until the A2 Autobahn was built in the 1980s, it was the major highway between Vienna and Graz . This Lower Austria location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Styria location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Semmering Pass Semmering ( German pronunciation: [ˈzɛməʁɪŋ] )

36-526: A coin. In 1945, the Allies introduced notes (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling. The Oesterreichische Nationalbank also introduced notes in 1945, in denominations of 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 schilling and the allied currency with small values up to 5 schilling remained valid until 1947. With the banknote reform of 1947, new notes were issued in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling. Until 1957,

54-584: A result, the composition of the 5 Schilling coins changed from aluminum to silver in the 1950s, which was a highly unusual event. Cupro-nickel replaced silver in the 5 and 10 schilling coins in 1969 and 1974, respectively. An aluminium-bronze 20 schilling coin was introduced in 1980. Silver coins were in the value of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 schilling, but gold coins also existed for 500 and 1,000 schilling. They were considered legal currency, but were rarely found in actual transactions. Coins under 10 groschen were rarely seen in circulation during their final years. At

72-534: A tunnel or on the local street on top), or using the Semmering Railway in a short tunnel. A longer Railway tunnel is currently under construction. The village of Semmering is on the pass. The villages of Maria Schutz and Spital am Semmering are slightly below the pass, on the Lower Austrian and Styrian sides respectively. Schottwien and Mürzzuschlag are the closest sizeable towns on either side. As

90-642: Is a mountain pass in the Eastern Northern Limestone Alps connecting Lower Austria and Styria , between which it forms a natural border . Semmering Pass is located west of Sonnwendstein and Hirschenkogel and east of the Pinkenkogel . With the Wechsel Pass , the Semmering is the most important connection between Lower Austria and Styria. It can be crossed by road (via an Autobahn with

108-498: Is expected to attract more customers to rail. The Semmering ski resort , called Zauberberg , which also hosts World Cup events, is located at the pass and extends on to the Hirschenkogel mountain. It is mainly used by skiers from Vienna, from where it can be reached within one hour, but increasingly also by people from Hungary and Slovakia . The view was printed on the 20 shilling note from 1966 to 1983. The Semmering Pass

126-529: Is featured on a famous commemorative coin: the 25 euro 150 Years of the Semmering Alpine Railway Coin . The reverse of the coin shows a typical Semmering view. A steam engine has just emerged from a tunnel crossing one of the distinctive viaducts. Austrian schilling The schilling ( German : Schilling ; German pronunciation: [ˈʃɪliŋ] ) was the currency of Austria from 1925 to 1938 and from 1945 to 1999, and

144-1012: The introduction of the euro by 28 February of that year. Schilling banknotes and coins which were valid at the time of the introduction of the euro will indefinitely remain exchangeable for euros at any branch of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank . In 1925, bronze 1 and 2 groschen, cupro-nickel 10 groschen, and silver 1 ⁄ 2 and 1 schilling coins were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 5 groschen issues in 1931. In 1934, cupro-nickel 50 groschen and 1 schilling were introduced, together with silver 5 schilling. Coins were issued until 1938. Also issued gold and silver coins: 2 schillings (1937) – 64% silver, 5 schillings (1934) – 83% silver, 25 schillings (1926) – 90% gold, 100 schillings (1924) – 90% gold. Between 1947 and 1952, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 groschen; and 1, 2, and 5 schilling were introduced. The 1, 5, 10, and 50 groschen were initially made from leftover blanks from

162-589: The 1950s, with the schilling being tied to the U.S. dollar at a rate of $ 1 = 26 schilling. Following the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the schilling was initially tied to a basket of currencies until July 1976, when it was coupled to the German mark . Although the euro became the official currency of Austria in 1999, euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002. Old schilling denominated coins and notes were phased out from circulation because of

180-631: The Semmering is a major bottleneck in the Austrian railway network, the Semmering Railway , which is a UNESCO World Heritage site, is planned to be supplemented by a tunnel at the base of the mountains. The project is supported by the Austrian Federal Government and the governments of Styria and Carinthia , but has been heavily opposed by the government of Lower Austria, which stalled the project by issuing negative environmental impact statements . The project has now been revised according to

198-442: The advanced state of technology and the layout of the line has been altered in order to minimize effects on ground water . A ground-breaking ceremony was held at Gloggnitz on April 25, 2012 to officially launch preliminary construction works for the 27.3 km Semmering Base Tunnel . Opening is planned for 2030. The €3·1bn base tunnel between Gloggnitz and Mürzzuschlag is a key part of the 'new Südbahn' project. It will eliminate

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216-521: The circulating currency until 2002. The euro was introduced at a fixed parity of €1 = 13.7603 schilling to replace it. The schilling was divided into 100 groschen . Following the Carolingian coin reform in 794 AD, new units of account were introduced, including the schilling , which consisted of 12 silver pfennigs . It was initially only a coin of account but later became an actual coin produced in many European countries. The currencies preceding

234-513: The current bottleneck on the 41 km Semmering Railway route where steep gradients and numerous curves require freight trains to use two or three locomotives. The tunnel will comprise two 10 m bores between 40 and 70 m apart, linked by cross passages every 500m. Boring is planned to start in 2014, with excavation completed ready for fitting out from 2021. The tunnel will be designed for passenger trains to run at up to 230 km/h, shortening Vienna - Graz journey times by 40 min to 1 h 50 min, which

252-458: The reichsmark was 1:1, limited to 150 schilling per person. The Nationalbank also began issuing schilling notes in 1945 and the first coins were issued in 1946. With a second "schilling" law on 21 November 1947, new banknotes were introduced. The earlier notes could be exchanged for new notes at par for the first 150 schilling and at a rate of 1 new schilling for 3 old schillings thereafter. This reform did not affect coins. The currency stabilised in

270-500: The schilling include: In mediaeval Austria , there were short and long schilling coins, valued at 12 and 30 pfennigs respectively. Until 1857, the schilling was a currency unit for 30 pfennigs or 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 kreuzers . The Austrian groschen (also known as the Kaisergroschen , lit. “emperor's groschen / groat ”) was a silver coin worth 12 pfennigs = 3 kreuzers = 2 ⁄ 5 schillings . The schilling

288-409: The time of the changeover to the euro, the coins in circulation were the following: In 1925, the Oesterreichische Nationalbank issued notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 Schilling e (note the different spelling of the plural on this first 1925-series of notes). In 1927–1929 a second series was added with 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 schilling notes. The one schilling was substituted by

306-569: The wartime pfennig issues. The 2 and 50 groschen; 1, 2, and 5 schilling were struck in aluminium, as was the second type of 10 groschen coin. The 1 and 5 groschen and the first type of 10 groschen were in zinc, with the 20 groschen struck in aluminium-bronze. The 1 groschen was only struck in 1947, while the 20 groschen and 2 schilling coins were suspended from production in 1954 and 1952, respectively. In 1957, silver 10 schilling coins were introduced, followed in 1959 by aluminium-bronze 50 groschen and 1 schilling, and in 1960 by silver 5 schilling coins. As

324-670: Was established by the Schilling Act ( Schillingrechnungsgesetz ) of 20 December 1924, at a rate of one schilling to 10,000 kronen and issued on 1 March 1925. The schilling was abolished in the wake of Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938, when it was exchanged at a rate of 1.50 schilling for one Reichsmark . The schilling was reintroduced after World War II on 30 November 1945 by the Allied Military, who issued paper money (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, and 1000 schilling. The exchange rate to

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