Wade Dump was a rubber recycling facility and illegal industrial waste storage and disposal facility in Chester, Pennsylvania . It was located at 1 Flower Street on the western bank of the Delaware River just north of the Commodore Barry Bridge .
82-493: In 1978, a fire at the site burned out of control for several days, injuring firefighters and leading to the owner's conviction and imprisonment. Many of the first responders to the fire suffered long-term health consequences and higher-than-normal cancer rates. In 1983, the site was designated a Superfund cleanup site by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and was remediated in stages over six years. It
164-530: A consent decree subject to public comment (section 122). This was to address sweetheart deals between industry and the Reagan-era EPA that Congress had discovered. In 1994 President Bill Clinton issued Executive Order 12898, which called for federal agencies to make achieving environmental justice a requirement by addressing low income populations and minority populations that have experienced disproportionate adverse health and environmental effects as
246-458: A Superfund site. In 1978, residents of the rural black community of Triana, Alabama were found to be contaminated with DDT and PCB , some of whom had the highest levels of DDT ever recorded in human history. The DDT was found in high levels in Indian Creek, which many residents relied on for sustenance fishing. Although this major health threat to residents of Triana was discovered in 1978,
328-456: A contribution action under the CERCLA. CERCLA liability has generally been judicially established as joint and several among PRPs to the government for cleanup costs (i.e., each PRP is hypothetically responsible for all costs subject to contribution), but CERCLA liability is allocable among PRPs in contribution based on comparative fault. An "orphan share" is the share of costs at a Superfund site that
410-512: A five-year review of the site concluded that the site continues to be protective of human health and the environment. The EPA approved a request from the PADEP to discontinue groundwater monitoring at the site after nearly three decades of sampling data showed that groundwater beneath the site had reached acceptable levels of contamination. The remaining wells on the site were decommissioned. Periodic inspections are ongoing to ensure proper maintenance of
492-686: A football field, Subaru Park has recently been used as an annual site for the Drum Corps International Summer Competition Tour. The United States Military Academy at West Point, New York , and the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland , have played their annual men's soccer rivalry, called the Army–Navy Cup at Subaru Park. The 2012 meeting marked just the third time in the 75-year history of
574-608: A group of investors led by longtime MLS executive Nick Sakiewicz initiated the planning for a soccer-specific stadium in Chester after the funding for the Rowan project failed to pass the New Jersey legislature. After many months of negotiations, Delaware County politicians announced their approval of funding for the stadium in October 2007. Delaware County owns the land and the stadium itself, while
656-477: A lesser chance of successful listing and cleanup than areas with higher income levels. After the executive order had been put in place, there persisted a discrepancy between the demographics of the communities living near toxic waste sites and their listing as Superfund sites, which would otherwise grant them federally funded cleanup projects. Communities with both increased minority and low-income populations were found to have lowered their chances of site listing after
738-428: A matter of if but when Philadelphia gets a team." Initially, Major League Soccer was interested in a site in the borough of Bristol , about 23 miles (37 km) north of Center City Philadelphia . The plans never came to fruition, however. Rowan University later provided plans for a soccer stadium near its Glassboro, New Jersey campus, but funding from the state of New Jersey fell through in 2006. In late 2006,
820-760: A perfect 23–0 season. From 2019 to 2023, the Premier Lacrosse League hosted several matches at Subaru Park. Major League Ultimate had hosted two of its annual championship games at Subaru Park. The first was on July 19, 2014, when the DC Current defeated the Vancouver Nighthawks 23–17. The stadium again hosted the championship on August 8, 2015, in which the Boston Whitecaps defeated the Seattle Rainmakers 31–17. Given its ability to be used as
902-482: A result of their programs, policies, and activities. The EPA regional offices had to apply required guidelines for its Superfund managers to take into consideration data analysis, managed public participation, and economic opportunity when considering the geography of toxic waste site remediation. Some environmentalists and industry lobbyists saw the Clinton administration's environmental justice policy as an improvement, but
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#1732844618828984-574: A site for the NPL is intended primarily to guide the EPA in: Despite the name, the Superfund trust fund has lacked sufficient funds to clean up even a small number of the sites on the NPL. As a result, the EPA typically negotiates consent orders with PRPs to study sites and develop cleanup alternatives, subject to EPA oversight and approval of all such activities. The EPA then issues a Proposed Plans for remedial action for
1066-418: A site on which it takes public comment, after which it makes a cleanup decision in a Record of Decision (ROD). RODs are typically implemented under consent decrees by PRPs or under unilateral orders if consent cannot be reached. If a party fails to comply with such an order, it may be fined up to $ 37,500 for each day that non-compliance continues. A party that spends money to clean up a site may sue other PRPs in
1148-564: A specific entrance for the Sons of Ben supporters group in recognition of their loyalty. This entrance leads into a 2,000-seat section at the southeast end of the stadium reserved specifically for the group known as The River End. Cantilevered roofs run above the Main and Bridge Stands and were designed to protect fans from the elements without obstructing the view of the Commodore Barry Bridge and
1230-523: Is a possible polluter who may eventually be held liable under CERCLA for the contamination or misuse of a particular property or resource . Four classes of PRPs may be liable for contamination at a Superfund site: The liability scheme of CERCLA changed commercial and industrial real estate, making sellers liable for contamination from past activities, meaning they can't pass liability onto unknowing buyers without any responsibility. Buyers also have to be aware of future liabilities. The CERCLA also required
1312-449: Is attributable to a PRP that is either unidentifiable or insolvent. The EPA tries to treat all PRPs equitably and fairly. Budgetary cuts and constraints can make more equitable treatment of PRPs more difficult. Upon notification of a potentially hazardous waste site, the EPA conducts a Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection (PA/SI), which involves records reviews, interviews, visual inspections, and limited field sampling. Information from
1394-602: Is based in Ardmore . The project is the result of combined commitments of $ 30 million from Delaware County and $ 47 million from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania . Subaru of America is the stadium's naming rights sponsor. Major League Soccer (MLS) had been interested in entering the Philadelphia market for several years, with many promises of a team by Commissioner Don Garber , as evidenced by his statement, "It's not
1476-411: Is often pointed to as the roots of the environmental justice movement. PCBs were illegally dumped into the community and then it eventually became a PCB landfill . Community leaders pressed the state for the site to be cleaned up for an entire decade until it was finally detoxified. However, this decontamination did not return the site to its pre-1982 conditions. There has been a call for reparations to
1558-733: Is presented in a Proposed Plan for public review and comment, followed by a selected alternative in a ROD. The site then enters into a Remedial Design phase and then the Remedial Action phase. Many sites include long-term monitoring. Once the Remedial Action has been completed, reviews are required every five years, whenever hazardous substances are left onsite above levels safe for unrestricted use. As of December 9, 2021 , there were 1,322 sites listed; an additional 447 had been delisted, and 51 new sites have been proposed. Historically about 70 percent of Superfund cleanup activities have been paid for by potentially responsible party (PRPs). When
1640-635: Is the Church Rock uranium mill spill on the Navajo Nation. It was the largest radioactive spill in the US but received a long delay in government response and cleanup after being placed as a lower priority site. Two sets of five-year cleanup plans have been put in place by US Congress, but contamination from the Church Rock incident has still not been completely cleaned up. Today, uranium contamination from mining during
1722-596: Is the highest profile college rugby competition in the United States, and is broadcast live on NBC annually. In 2011, over 17,800 fans attended the tournament. Subaru Park hosted its first rugby union international on November 9, 2013, when the Maori All Blacks squared off against the United States . A sold-out crowd of 18,500 witnessed a hard-fought match in which the visiting Maori All Blacks won 29–19. It
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#17328446188281804-581: The Commodore Barry Bridge on the waterfront along the Delaware River . The venue is home to the Philadelphia Union of Major League Soccer . Subaru Park was designed as an initial step for economic development on the waterfront, with additional plans calling for a riverwalk amidst other entertainment, retail, and residential projects. The stadium was constructed by T.N. Ward Company, which
1886-701: The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act reauthorized an excise tax on chemical manufacturers, for ten years starting in July 2022. The EPA and state agencies use the Hazard Ranking System (HRS) to calculate a site score (ranging from 0 to 100) based on the actual or potential release of hazardous substances from a site. A score of 28.5 places a site on the National Priorities List, eligible for long-term, remedial action (i.e., cleanup) under
1968-417: The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act . The new chemical excise tax is effective July 1, 2022, and is double the rate of the previous Superfund tax. The 2021 law also authorized $ 3.5 billion in emergency appropriations from the U.S. government general fund for hazardous site cleanups in the immediate future. CERCLA authorizes two kinds of response actions: A potentially responsible party (PRP)
2050-585: The South Philadelphia Sports Complex , the stadium is located near Interstate 95 . It is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) from the Chester Transportation Center SEPTA station, where shuttle service is provided from four hours prior to kickoff and from full-time until the park is empty. Philadelphia International Airport is 5 miles (8.0 km) away. Proposals to improve transit service to Highland Avenue station on
2132-686: The Steinfeld Cup . In this game, the Chesapeake Bayhawks defeated the Charlotte Hounds 10–9 in front of 3,892 fans. On April 24 & 26, 2015, the 2015 ACC Lacrosse Championship was hosted at the facility. In 2015, the stadium hosted the NCAA Division I and Division III Women's Lacrosse Championship. Maryland beat North Carolina in the DI game while SUNY Cortland beat Trinity College of Hartford in
2214-580: The "Sports/Recreation Project of the Year." The company grants the award to premier construction projects in the Mid-Atlantic region. In February 2011, the Delaware County Planning Commission awarded the stadium the 2010 William H. Bates Memorial Award. Since 1980, the honor is presented annually to real-estate developers that improved a Delaware County property. Subaru Park features many of
2296-574: The Cold War era remains throughout the Navajo Nation, posing health risks to the Navajo community. The data in the Superfund Program are available to the public. While the simple and relatively easy sites have been cleaned up, EPA is now addressing a residual number of difficult and massive sites such as large-area mining and sediment sites, which is tying up a significant amount of funding. Also, while
2378-518: The DIII game. In 2016, the stadium again hosted the NCAA Division I and Division III Women's Lacrosse Championship, May 28 and May 29, 2016. At the high school level, notable events included the boys' 2015 Inter-Academic League Championship game, between The Haverford School , from Pennsylvania , and The Hun School of New Jersey . The Haverford School won the game, as well as the Inter-Ac title, capping off
2460-590: The Delaware River from their seats. The exterior façade is made up of brick and natural stone, a continuity of traditional Philadelphia architecture. Additional features include thirty luxury suites, a full-service restaurant and club above the Chester End, and a built-in concert stage in The River End (which has yet to be used). In February 2020, as part of Subaru of America becoming the naming rights holder for
2542-623: The EPA issued a Record of Decision (ROD) which outlined a long-term plan for the site cleanup which was managed by the PADEP. The work took place in 1987. Tires, tankers, debris piles, and buildings were removed, decontaminated, and disposed of. Contaminated soil was removed to depths with acceptable levels of contamination or to the level of the water table. The site was leveled, filled and graded, then covered with topsoil and seeded to minimize erosion. Thirteen separate monitoring wells were installed in order to collect groundwater sampling and conduct testing for contaminants. The EPA, in conjunction with
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2624-539: The Oil Pollution Act. CERCLA created the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). The primary goal of a Superfund cleanup is to reduce the risks to human health through a combination of cleanup, engineered controls like caps and site restrictions such as groundwater use restrictions. A secondary goal is to return the site to productive use as a business, recreation or as a natural ecosystem. Identifying
2706-524: The PA/SI is used by the EPA to develop a Hazard Ranking System (HRS) score to determine the CERCLA status of the site. Sites that score high enough to be listed typically proceed to a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS). The RI includes an extensive sampling program and risk assessment that defines the nature and extent of the site contamination and risks. The FS is used to develop and evaluate various remediation alternatives. The preferred alternative
2788-444: The Superfund balance had decreased to about $ 4 billion, Congress chose not to reauthorize collection of the tax, and by 2003 the fund was empty. Since 2001, most of the funding for cleanups of hazardous waste sites has come from taxpayers. State governments pay 10 percent of cleanup costs in general, and at least 50 percent of cleanup costs if the state operated the facility responsible for contamination. By 2013 federal funding for
2870-475: The Superfund program each year. Consequently, less than half the number of sites were cleaned up from 2001 to 2008, compared to before. The decrease continued during the Obama administration , and since under the direction of EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy Superfund cleanups decreased even more from 20 in 2009 to a mere 8 in 2014. In November 2021, Congress reauthorized an excise tax on chemical manufacturers, under
2952-478: The Superfund program, the EPA and state agencies use the HRS to calculate a site score (ranging from 0 to 100) based on the actual or potential release of hazardous substances from a site through air , surface water or groundwater . A score of 28.5 places the site on the National Priorities List, making the site eligible for long-term remedial action (i.e., cleanup) under the Superfund program. Federal actions to address
3034-516: The Superfund program. As of March 23, 2022 , there were 1,333 sites listed; an additional 448 had been delisted, and 43 new sites have been proposed. Superfund also authorizes natural resource trustees, which may be federal, state, and/or tribal, to perform a Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA). Natural resource trustees determine and quantify injuries caused to natural resources through either releases of hazardous substances or cleanup actions and then seek to restore ecosystem services to
3116-558: The Union's first goal at the stadium on a crossed header. However, Pat Noonan of Sounders FC scored the first goal in the venue's history. The stadium's record attendance was achieved on December 5, 2021, for the 2021 Eastern Conference Final when the Union were defeated by New York City FC 2–1 in front of 19,487 fans. Due to consistently high attendance and ticket sales, in 2011 the Philadelphia Union expressed interest in expanding
3198-506: The capacity of the stadium. The planned expansion would occur in three phases, initially to 20,000, then to 27,000, and finally to approximately 30,000. In 2024, the club commissioned Gensler to study an expansion of the stadium, which would be able to accommodate 27,000 seats on its current footprint. Subaru Park hosted the Collegiate Rugby Championship every June between 2011 and 2019. The Collegiate Rugby Championship
3280-513: The city to ensure that construction activities did not impact the nearby parking facility, which had been the site of the Wade Dump , a previously polluted Superfund site. Construction delays led to the Philadelphia Union's decision to play their inaugural home game at Lincoln Financial Field instead of Subaru Park. Their first match at the stadium was played on June 27, 2010, when they defeated Seattle Sounders FC 3–1. Sébastien Le Toux scored
3362-415: The cleanup of the lead-contaminated hot spots. It wasn't until 1993 that the site was declared a Superfund site, and at the time it was one of the largest ones. However, it was not until 2004 when the EPA completed the clean-up efforts and eliminated the lead pollutant sources from the site. The Afton community of Warren County, North Carolina is one of the most prominent environmental injustice cases and
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3444-523: The cleanup operations. Through the 1980s, most of the funding came from an excise tax on petroleum and chemical manufacturers. However, in 1995, Congress chose not to renew this tax and the burden of the cost was shifted to taxpayers in the general public. Since 2001, most of the cleanup of hazardous waste sites has been funded through taxpayers generally. Despite its name, the program suffered from under-funding, and by 2014 Superfund NPL cleanups had decreased to only 8 sites, out of over 1,200. In November 2021,
3526-632: The community which has not yet been met. Bayview-Hunters Point, San Francisco , a historically African American community, has faced persistent environmental discrimination due to the poor remediation efforts of the San Francisco Naval Shipyard , a federally declared Superfund site. The negligence of multiple agencies to adequately clean this site has led Bayview residents to be subject to high rates of pollution and has been tied to high rates of cancer, asthma, and overall higher health hazards than other regions of San Francisco. One example
3608-427: The disproportionate health and environmental disparities that minority and low-income populations face through Executive Order 12898 required federal agencies to make environmental justice central to their programs and policies. Superfund sites have been shown to impact minority communities the most. Despite legislation specifically designed to ensure equity in Superfund listing, marginalized populations still experience
3690-530: The duration of the fire. Local hospitals treated 43 firefighters for injuries sustained during the fire. The immediate effects of exposure to the toxic fumes included raw, burning throats; vomiting; a quickly forming red, itchy rash; and seared eyes and nasal passages. Over 200 first responders including firemen, police and paramedics were exposed to the toxic fumes. First responders to the fire experienced many health problems in subsequent years, including several deaths from rare cancers. Cancer rates of firemen at
3772-517: The end of FY 2003. Since that time Superfund sites for which the PRPs could not pay have been paid for from the general fund. Under the 2021 authorization by Congress, collection of excise taxes from chemical manufacturers will resume in 2022. The Hazard Ranking System is a scoring system used to evaluate potential relative risks to public health and the environment from releases or threatened releases of hazardous wastes at uncontrolled waste sites. Under
3854-401: The executive order, while on the other hand, increases in income led to greater chances of site listing. Of the populations living within 1 mile radius of a Superfund site, 44% of those are minorities despite only being around 37% of the nation's population. As of January 2021, more than 9,000 federally subsidized properties, including ones with hundreds of dwellings, were less than a mile from
3936-456: The federal government did not act until 5 years later after the mayor of Triana filed a class-action lawsuit in 1980. In West Dallas, Texas , a mostly African American and Latino community, a lead smelter poisoned the surrounding neighborhood, elementary school, and day cares for more than five decades. Dallas city officials were informed in 1972 that children in the proximity of the smelter were being exposed to lead contamination. The city sued
4018-511: The federal government has reserved funding for cleanup of federal facility sites, this clean-up is going much more slowly. The delay is due to a number of reasons, including EPA's limited ability to require performance, difficulty of dealing with Department of Energy radioactive wastes, and the sheer number of federal facility sites. Subaru Park Subaru Park is a soccer-specific stadium located in Chester , Pennsylvania , located next to
4100-408: The fifth smallest state in the U.S., is the location of about ten percent of the priority Superfund sites, a disproportionate amount. The EPA seeks to identify parties responsible for hazardous substances released to the environment (polluters) and either compel them to clean up the sites, or it may undertake the cleanup on its own using the Superfund (a trust fund) and seek to recover those costs from
4182-651: The fire or cleanup were five to six times the norm. In 1980, Melvin Wade was convicted of risking a catastrophe, failing to prevent a catastrophe, and violating the Clean Water Act by polluting the Delaware River. He was sentenced to one to two years in prison and fined $ 30,000. In late 1981 and early 1982, the EPA conducted two emergency cleanups in which workers removed an estimated 5,000 gallons of PCB -contaminated waste, 10,000 gallons of other hazardous wastes for incineration and 155 tons of contaminated solids. In 1984,
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#17328446188284264-399: The foods commonly sold at American sports venues, and also offers traditional Philadelphia food items such cheesesteaks , hoagies , and soft pretzels (shaped like the Union's primary logo). Several foods are provided by local companies such as Turkey Hill , Herr's Snacks and Seasons Pizza, while beers from local breweries such as Victory and Dogfish Head are also available. Like
4346-560: The framework for implementing the program came from the oil and hazardous substances National Contingency Plan. The EPA published the first Hazard Ranking System in 1981, and the first National Priorities List in 1983. Implementation of the program in early years, during the Ronald Reagan administration , was ineffective, with only 16 of the 799 Superfund sites cleaned up and only $ 40 million of $ 700 million in recoverable funds from responsible parties collected. The mismanagement of
4428-683: The intended reuse early in the cleanup often results in faster and less expensive cleanups. EPA's Superfund Redevelopment Program provides tools and support for site redevelopment. CERCLA was enacted by Congress in 1980 in response to the threat of hazardous waste sites, typified by the Love Canal disaster in New York , and the Valley of the Drums in Kentucky . It was recognized that funding would be difficult, since
4510-444: The lead smelters in 1974, then reduced its lead regulations in 1976. It wasn't until 1981 that the EPA commissioned a study on the lead contamination in this neighborhood and found the same results that had been found a decade earlier. In 1983, the surrounding day cares had to close due to the lead exposure while the lead smelter remained operating. It was later revealed that EPA Deputy Administrator John Hernandez had deliberately stalled
4592-490: The natural resource trustees appointed by state's governors. Federally recognized Tribes may act as trustees for natural resources, including natural resources related to Tribal subsistence, cultural uses, spiritual values, and uses that are preserved by treaties. Tribal natural resource trustees are appointed by tribal governments. Some states have their own versions of a state Superfund law and may perform NRDA either through state laws or through other federal authorities such as
4674-438: The order did not receive bipartisan support. The newly elected Republican Congress made numerous unsuccessful efforts to significantly weaken the program. The Clinton administration then adopted some industry favored reforms as policy and blocked most major changes. Until the mid-1990s, most of the funding came from an excise tax on the petroleum and chemical industries, reflecting the polluter pays principle. Even though by 1995
4756-506: The party either cannot be found or is unable to pay for the cleanup, the Superfund law originally paid for site cleanups through an excise tax on petroleum and chemical manufacturers. The last full fiscal year (FY) in which the Department of the Treasury collected the excise tax was 1995. At the end of FY 1996, the invested trust fund balance was $ 6.0 billion. This fund was exhausted by
4838-445: The program had decreased from $ 2 billion in 1999 to less than $ 1.1 billion (in constant dollars). In 2001, the EPA used funds from the Superfund program to institute the cleanup of anthrax on Capitol Hill after the 2001 anthrax attacks . It was the first time the agency dealt with a biological release rather than a chemical or oil spill. From 2000 to 2015, Congress allocated about $ 1.26 billion of general revenue to
4920-463: The program under Anne Gorsuch Burford , Reagan's first chosen Administrator of the agency, led to a congressional investigation and the reauthorization of the program in 1986 through an act amending CERCLA. The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) added minimum cleanup requirements in Section 121 and required that most cleanup agreements with polluters be entered in federal court as
5002-467: The public through conservation, restoration, and/or acquisition of equivalent habitat. Responsible parties are assessed damages for the cost of the assessment and the restoration of ecosystem services. For the federal government, EPA, US Fish and Wildlife Service, or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration may act as natural resource trustees. The US Department of Interior keeps a list of
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#17328446188285084-400: The responsible parties through settlements or other legal means. Approximately 70% of Superfund cleanup activities historically have been paid for by the potentially responsible parties (PRPs), reflecting the polluter pays principle . However, 30% of the time the responsible party either cannot be found or is unable to pay for the cleanup. In these circumstances, taxpayers had been paying for
5166-499: The responsible parties were not easily found, and so the Superfund was established to provide funding through a taxing mechanism on certain industries and to create a comprehensive liability framework to be able to hold a broader range of parties responsible. The initial Superfund trust fund to clean up sites where a polluter could not be identified, could not or would not pay (bankruptcy or refusal), consisted of about $ 1.6 billion and then increased to $ 8.5 billion. Initially,
5248-546: The revision of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan 9605(a)(NCP). The NCP guides how to respond to releases and threatened releases of hazardous substances , pollutants, or contaminants. The NCP established the National Priorities List, which appears as Appendix B to the NCP, and serves as EPA's information and management tool. The NPL is updated periodically by federal rulemaking. The identification of
5330-606: The site along with thousands of tires. In 1977, the Health Director for the City of Chester became aware of the site and inspected it along with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP). The owner and operators of the site were ordered to cease operations and clean-up the site. During the legal appeals to this order the site was inoperative and virtually abandoned. In February 1978, an intense fire at
5412-429: The site are ongoing. From about 1950 to the early 1970s, the 3 acres (1.2 ha) site was the location of Eastern Rubber Reclaiming, a rubber recycling facility. The property owner, Melvin Wade, turned the site into an illegal industrial waste storage and disposal facility which operated until 1978. ABM Disposal Company paid Wade $ 1.00 to $ 1.50 per 55-gallon drum to store industrial waste on his property. ABM Disposal
5494-413: The site destroyed one building and damaged two others where drums of waste were stored. The burning chemicals produced multi-colored smoke and noxious fumes. The Chester Fire Department mounted an aggressive attack but were driven back by exploding 55-gallon drums and disabling smoke. The fire was extinguished after 20 hours but rekindled twice in the ensuing days. The Commodore Barry Bridge was closed for
5576-699: The site. In 2012, Stefan Roots published a book titled Toxic Man - the Melvin Wade Story . Superfund Superfund is a United States federal environmental remediation program established by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 ( CERCLA ). The program is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The program is designed to investigate and clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances. Sites managed under this program are referred to as Superfund sites . Of all
5658-408: The sites selected for possible action under this program (and there are tens of thousands across the U.S.), 1178 (as of 2024) remain on the National Priorities List (NPL) that makes them eligible for cleanup under the Superfund program. Sites on the NPL are considered the most highly contaminated and undergo longer-term remedial investigation and remedial action (cleanups). The state of New Jersey ,
5740-453: The soccer rivalry that the schools met at a neutral location and was the first regular-season neutral site meeting, with the previous two occurring in the NCAA tournament. Philadelphia is the traditional home of the classic football rivalry and is halfway between the two schools. 3,672 turned out for the first Philadelphia matchup. After Hurricane Sandy , the 2012 Big East Men's Soccer Tournament
5822-822: The stadium known as "Subaru Plaza" was expanded to facilitate pregame festivities and a new community garden to grow fruits and vegetables for the local community. On February 25, 2010, the Philadelphia Union announced that the Allentown -based PPL Corporation purchased the naming rights to its home venue for $ 20 million over 11 years. As part of the deal, PPL EnergyPlus provides the stadium with sustainable energy derived from other sources in Pennsylvania. The Panasonic Corporation provides broadcast and television production systems, large-screen LED displays, security systems, and point-of-sale systems. On November 30, 2015, Talen Energy assumed naming rights and energy supply of
5904-410: The stadium, the Union replaced the previous video board above the Chester End with a new 3,440 sq ft (320 m ) high dynamic range (HDR) video board that was the first of its kind in an MLS soccer-specific stadium. The LED ribbon boards around the field and seating bowl were also upgraded. A new VIP premium area called the "Tunnel Club" opened for the 2020 season as well. The area outside
5986-404: The stadium. Talen Energy spun off as an electricity producer from PPL which in turn concentrated on transmission and distribution aspects. On February 18, 2020, Subaru of America , whose headquarters are in Philadelphia's neighboring city Camden, New Jersey , was announced as the new naming rights holder for the stadium. In September 2010, Mid-Atlantic Construction Magazine named the stadium
6068-561: The state, removed the site from the National Priorities List in 1989. In 2004, with EPA and state approval, the site was given drainpipes to clear stormwater and paved with asphalt to create a parking lot for the city's Barry Bridge Park. In 2008, the Barry Bridge Park site adjacent to Wade Dump was selected as the site of Subaru Park , home of the Philadelphia Union Major League Soccer franchise. In 2018,
6150-518: The team owns the naming rights based on their approval of a 30-year lease. The newly formed Delaware County Sports Authority pays the county's share of $ 30 million through taxes from the Harrah's Chester harness racing track and casino. An additional $ 80 million was contributed by private investors. On January 31, 2008, Pennsylvania's state government unveiled a combined soccer stadium and economic revitalization package for Chester. $ 25 million
6232-604: Was allocated to the construction of the stadium, with an additional $ 7 million towards a two-phase project composed of 186 townhouses, 25 apartments, 335,000 square feet (31,100 m ) of office space, a 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m ) convention center, more than 20,000 square feet (1,900 m ) of retail space, and a parking structure to house 1,350 cars. In phase two, another 200 apartments will be built, along with 100,000 square feet (9,300 m ) of office space and 22,000 square feet (2,000 m ) of retail space. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) worked with
6314-528: Was announced on May 17, 2017, that English side Newcastle Falcons would play their home Premiership Rugby game against Saracens at the stadium on September 16, 2017. This was the second English premiership game hosted in the US and Saracens' second visit after London Irish hosted them at the Red Bull Arena in Harrison, New Jersey on March 12, 2016 . The first college football game played at Subaru Park
6396-415: Was moved to Subaru Park from Red Bull Arena . Subaru Park served as host again in 2013 for the restructured conference's tournament. The stadium also hosted an international friendly between Greece and Nigeria in 2014. The match was a scoreless draw. The 2013 College Cup was held at Subaru Park and the tournament returned to the venue in 2017 . The first set of matches of the 2017 SheBelieves Cup
6478-542: Was not regulated by the state and had a long criminal record of dumping abuses in the Philadelphia area. Wade accumulated 100 to 150 drums per week and eventually had 20,000 drums and 20 tank trucks full of chemical waste on the site. The drums leaked and workers dumped their contents onto the ground or into various trenches, severely contaminating the soil and ground water. More than 3 million gallons of cyanide , benzene , toluene , sodium copper(I) cyanide , polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other chemicals were stored on
6560-436: Was played at the stadium, in which France beat England and the United States beat Germany . When the initial architectural drawings were revealed, the stadium was to have been an oval-shaped stadium with a cantilevered roof covering all seating areas – not unlike most European football grounds. After consulting with the nascent club's supporters, the Union's ownership group, Keystone Sports & Entertainment, re-designed
6642-511: Was removed from the National Priorities List in 1989. In 2004, it was turned into a parking lot for the city's Barry Bridge Park with approval from the state and the EPA. The sixth five year review of the site conducted by the EPA in 2018 concluded that the site continues to be protective of human health and the environment. Groundwater monitoring was discontinued in 2018 and the monitoring wells decommissioned. Periodic inspections of
6724-567: Was the Battle of the Blue on November 19, 2011, in which Delaware beat Villanova to earn the trophy for the first time. These same two teams met again on November 23, 2013, with Villanova beating Delaware 35–34. The stadium hosted two quarterfinal matches in the 2012 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship . In 2013, the stadium hosted the Major League Lacrosse 's Championship known as
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