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134-541: The Volkswagen Tiguan ( German pronunciation: [ˈfɔlksˌvaːɡn̩ ˈtiːɡu̯aːn] ) is a sport utility vehicle produced by German manufacturer Volkswagen since 2007, sitting between the smaller T-Roc and the larger Touareg in the company's crossover SUV range. The first generation was based on the PQ46 platform , while the second generation, released in 2016, utilizes the Volkswagen Group MQB A2 platform . It

268-520: A Top Safety Pick+ award: On 14 June 2023, Volkswagen unveiled a prototype of the third-generation Tiguan, which was officially launched in 2024. The production version was officially presented on 19 September 2023. The third-generation Tiguan is marketed as the Tiguan L Pro (途观 L Pro) in China, which has a longer wheelbase and body length. It is sold alongside the previous generation Tiguan L. In North America,

402-429: A clutchless manual , is a type of multi-speed automobile transmission system that is closely based on the mechanical design of a conventional manual transmission , and automates either the clutch system, the gear shifting, or both simultaneously, requiring partial, or no driver input or involvement. Earlier versions of these transmissions that are semi-automatic in operation, such as Autostick , control only

536-464: A unibody construction (as with passenger cars); however, the designations are increasingly blurred because of the capabilities of the vehicles, the labelling by marketers, and the electrification of new models. The predecessors to SUVs date back to military and low-volume models from the late 1930s, and the four-wheel-drive station wagons and carryalls that began to be introduced in 1949. Some SUVs produced today use unibody construction; however, in

670-671: A 1.4-litre TSI engine while the Tiguan Allspace R-Line 4Motion is powered by a 2.0-litre TSI engine. The second generation Tiguan was first launched in Indonesia at the 25th Gaikindo Indonesia International Auto Show in August 2017 as a SWB variant, under Volkswagen's distributor and assembler for the Indonesian market, Garuda Mataram Motor. The Tiguan Allspace was launched in July 2019, replacing

804-520: A 2.0-litre TSI four-cylinder gasoline engine, mated with an 8-speed torque converter automatic transmission. The Tiguan was updated for the North American market in 2022, with similar exterior and interior changes as the short wheelbase European model. Standard LED lights, a different grille, as well as new wheel designs are present. On the interior, there is a new steering wheel as well as a standard 8-inch digital gauge cluster. The infotainment system

938-530: A 5% import tariff, compared with 10% for passenger cars. In February 2024, voters in Paris mandated a triple parking charge rate for SUVs, citing environmental impact and street capacity; this followed similar decisions in Lyon and Tübingen with similar ordinances being considered by London, Brussels and Amsterdam. Many years after most passenger cars had transitioned to unibody construction, most SUVs continued to use

1072-559: A 7-speed DSG transmission. The second-generation Tiguan was unveiled for the North American market at the 2017 North American International Auto Show , with sales starting in summer 2017 for the 2018 model year. It is solely available in with a long-wheelbase body. At launch in the US, it was offered in four trim levels: S, SE, SEL and SEL Premium and 3 in Canada: Trendline, Comfortline and Highline. The R-Line Package later became available for

1206-532: A coil-sprung independent front suspension . The relatively compact Niva is considered a predecessor to the crossover SUV and combines a hatchback-like passenger car body with full-time four-wheel drive, low-range gearing, and lockable center differential. Nonetheless, unibody SUVs remained rare until the 1984 Jeep Cherokee (XJ) was introduced and became a sales success. The introduction of the 1993 Jeep Grand Cherokee resulted in all Jeep SUV models using unibody construction, with many other brands following suit since

1340-461: A common, rear-wheel drive vehicle, any 4WD (four-wheel drive) needed many essential extra components, including a transfer case , a second differential, and constant-velocity joints for the driven front axle—which were expensive due to the precision involved in this required manufacturing gears and other specialized parts. Before World War   II, these were produced in the United States by only

1474-508: A constant angular velocity while the vehicle moves at varying speeds. CVTs are used in cars , tractors , UTVs , motor scooters , snowmobiles , and earthmoving equipment . The most common type of CVT uses two pulleys connected by a belt or chain , however, several other designs have also been used. A dual-clutch transmission (DCT, sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission , or double-clutch transmission ) uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets . The design

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1608-409: A crash than regular cars and that SUV roofs were more likely to cave in on passengers than in other cars, resulting in increased harm to passengers. Between 1991 and 2001, the United States saw a 150% increase in sport-utility vehicle rollover deaths. In 2001, though roll-overs constituted just 3% of vehicle crashes overall, they caused over 30% of occupant fatalities in crashes; and in crashes where

1742-483: A day, with electric cars reducing oil demand by under 100,000 barrels a day. Whereas SUVs can be electrified , or converted to run on a variety of alternative fuels , including hydrogen , their (manufacturing) emissions will always be larger than smaller electric cars. On average, SUVs consume about a quarter more energy than medium-size cars. Furthermore, the vast majority of these vehicles are not converted to use alternative fuels. Between 2010 and 2018 SUVs were

1876-400: A few specialized firms with limited production capacity. Due to the increase in demand for parts for the war effort, in the spring of 1942 Ford , Dodge , and Chevrolet joined in fabricating these parts in mass quantities, boosting their production more than 100-fold. An early usage of the term was the 1947 Crosley CC Four Sport Utility model, which used a convertible wagon body style and

2010-479: A form of manual transmission which removed the reliance on the driver's skill to achieve smooth gear shifts. The first automatic transmission using hydraulic fluid was developed in 1932 by two Brazilian engineers, José Braz Araripe and Fernando Lehly Lemos. The evolution towards mass-produced automatic transmissions continued with the 1933–1935 REO Motor Car Company Self-Shifter semi-automatic transmission, which automatically shifted between two forward gears in

2144-499: A gas that is linked to global warming. According to the International Energy Agency , from 2010 SUVs have been the second-largest contributor to the increase in global CO 2 emissions, second only to the power sector. SUVs were responsible for all of the 3.3 million barrels a day growth in oil demand from passenger cars between 2010 and 2018, whereas efficiency improvements in smaller cars saved over 2 million barrels

2278-869: A long-bodied version of a full-size SUV, which is called an "extended-length SUV" like the Ford Expedition EL and the Chevrolet Suburban . The additional length is used to provide extra space for rear passengers or cargo. As per the full-size SUVs they are based on, most extended-length SUVs are built on dedicated platforms, full-sized pickups ( 1⁄2 ton ), or heavy-duty pickups (3⁄4 ton or more). Extended-length SUVs are mostly sold in North America but may also be exported to other markets in small numbers. Some SUVs or crossovers with sloping rear rooflines are marketed as "coupe crossover SUVs" or "coupe SUVs", even though they have four side doors for passenger access to

2412-627: A long-wheelbase (LWB) version with standard (or optional in some market) third-row seats, seating up to seven passengers. The latter was revealed in March 2017, offering 109 mm (4.3 in) longer wheelbase and the 215 mm (8.5 in) longer body. In some markets where the Tiguan is sold in both SWB and LWB variants, the LWB Tiguan is sold as the Tiguan Allspace or Tiguan L (in China). The LWB version

2546-413: A manual transmission. The 1904 Sturtevant "horseless carriage gearbox" is often considered to be the first automatic transmission for motor vehicles. At higher engine speeds, high gear was engaged. As the vehicle slowed down and engine speed decreased, the gearbox would shift back to low. However, the transmission was prone to sudden failure, due to the transmission being unable to withstand forces from

2680-867: A maximum approach angle of 18 degrees. Features included six airbags, ESP , Trailer Stability Program integrated with the ESP, ISOFIX child seat anchorages on the rear bench and electronic parking brake with auto hold function, RCD 210 radio with integrated CD player, semi automatic climate control system, four electric window lifts, electrically adjustable and heated outside mirrors, trip computer, RF remote control of central locking and various storage compartments and bins. Sport & Style offered additional features, including 17-inch alloy wheels, chrome roof rail, chrome strips on front bumper and surrounding side window lining, tinted windows, sport seats with height adjustable lumbar supports centre console with folding and height adjustable armrest, folding front passenger seat, drawers under

2814-400: A patent was approved in the United States describing the operation of a transmission where the manual shifting of gears and manual operation of a clutch was eliminated. This patent was submitted by Henry R. Hoffman from Chicago and was titled: Automatic Gear Shift and Speed Control . The patent described the workings of such a transmission as "...having a series of clutches disposed intermediate

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2948-702: A prototype preview in Namibia, before being officially launched at the Frankfurt International Motor Show in September 2007. The Tiguan went on sale in Europe in early 2008, and was initially available with two engines, a 2.0-litre 140 PS (138 hp; 103 kW) TDI and a 1.4-litre 150 PS (148 hp; 110 kW) TSI petrol unit. All first generation Tiguans featured two-row seating and transversely mounted four-cylinder engines. Production began in

3082-429: A result, VW claimed interior space has been improved, with rear passengers having 29 mm (1.1 in) more knee room. Furthermore, the rear bench seat is asymmetrically split and can be adjusted up to 180 mm (7.1 in) longitudinally. The Tiguan Mk2 is available in two wheelbase variants: a short-wheelbase (SWB) version (referred to as "normal wheelbase" (NWB) by Volkswagen) seating up to five passengers; and

3216-456: A separate body-on-frame method, due to being based on the chassis from a light truck , commercial vehicle , pickup truck , or off-road vehicle . The first mass-produced unibody four-wheel-drive passenger car was the Russian 1955 GAZ-M20 Pobeda M-72 , which could be considered the first crossover car. The 1977 Lada Niva was the first off-road vehicle to use both a unibody construction and

3350-445: A separate transmission control unit . This allows for more precise control of shift points, shift quality, lower shift times and manual control. The first five-speed automatic was the ZF 5HP18 transmission , debuting in 1991 on various BMW models. The first six-speed automatic was the ZF 6HP26 transmission , which debuted in the 2002 BMW 7 Series (E65) . The first seven-speed automatic was

3484-676: A special exclusive limited edition model for the Mexican-spec Tiguan was launched there on October 15, 2019. It is based on the Comfortline model. 243 hp) (273 lb-ft) In its most basic Latin American market configuration with 6 airbags and ESC , it received 5 stars for adult occupants, 5 stars for infants and Advanced Award from Latin NCAP in 2019. The 2022 Tiguan was tested by the IIHS and earned

3618-457: A study by the U.S.-based IIHS found that, of a sample of 79 crashes from three urban areas in Michigan, SUVs caused more serious injuries compared to cars when impacts occurred at greater than 31 km/h (19 mph). The IIHS noted the sample size of the study was small and that more research is needed. The popularity of SUVs contributed to an increase in pedestrian fatalities in the U.S. during

3752-482: A total of 100 kW (134 hp). These figures allow the Tiguan HyMotion to reach a top speed of 150 km/h (93 mph) and accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62 mph) in about 14 seconds. The 6.8 ampere hour lithium-ion battery can be charged by the fuel cell or by recovered braking energy. Power output from the lithium-ion battery is 22 kW (30 hp). The second generation Tiguan

3886-577: Is attributed to the increasing number of electric and hybrid cars, and the ease of integrating it with safety systems such as Autonomous Emergency Braking . The efficiency, power output as a percentage of input, of conventional automatic transmissions ranges from 86 to 94%. Manual transmissions are more fuel efficient than all but the newest automatic transmissions due to their inherently low parasitic losses, typically of about 4%, in addition to being cheaper to make, lighter, better performing, and of simpler mechanical design. However, manual transmissions have

4020-446: Is based on the facelifted Tiguan and the chassis is based on the long wheelbase version of the Tiguan which means it retains its 2,791 mm (109.9 in) wheelbase. The variant is offered with a 2.0-litre TSI petrol engine with 190 PS (187 hp; 140 kW) and 320 N⋅m (33 kg⋅m; 236 lb⋅ft) or the range-topping 220 PS (217 hp; 162 kW) and 380 N⋅m (39 kg⋅m; 280 lb⋅ft), both paired with

4154-521: Is connected to the engine via a torque converter (or a fluid coupling prior to the 1960s), instead of the friction clutch used by most manual transmissions . A hydraulic automatic transmission uses planetary gearsets instead of the manual transmission's design of gears lined up along input, output and intermediate shafts. To change gears, the hydraulic automatic uses a combination of internal clutches, friction bands or brake packs. These devices are used to lock certain gears, thus setting which gear ratio

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4288-449: Is generally considered to be a medium-sized SUV in Europe, while in North America it is considered to be a compact crossover SUV . The name Tiguan is a portmanteau of the German words Tiger (" tiger ") and Leguan (" iguana ") and won a naming contest by German car magazine publisher Auto Bild —from a field of names that also included Namib , Rockton , Samun and Nanuk . As of

4422-404: Is in use at a given time. A sprag clutch (a ratchet-like device which can freewheel and transmits torque in only one direction) is often used for routine gear shifts. The advantage of a sprag clutch is that it eliminates the sensitivity of timing a simultaneous clutch release/apply on two planetary gearsets, simply "taking up" the drivetrain load when actuated, and releasing automatically when

4556-449: Is integrated into the engine control unit (ECU). Modern designs have replaced the centrifugal governor with an electronic speed sensor that is used as an input to the TCU or ECU. Modern transmissions also factor in the amount of load on an engine at any given time, which is determined from either the throttle position or the amount of intake manifold vacuum. The multitude of parts, along with

4690-440: Is less than a quarter of what it was for 2004 models. With ESC dramatically reducing rollover risk, the inherent advantages offered by SUVs' greater size, weight, and height emerge more clearly. Today's SUVs have the lowest driver death rate of any vehicle type." The high danger for cyclists and pedestrians of being seriously injured or even killed by SUV drivers has caused some public protests against SUVs in urban areas. In 2020,

4824-653: Is manufactured in Mexico to supply worldwide markets (except China), with some countries importing them as knock-down kits . The LWB Tiguan will be succeeded by the Tayron Mk2 , except in China where the Mk3 Tiguan is offered in a sole LWB version called the Tiguan L Pro. The updated Tiguan was released on 30 June 2020, along with the introduction of the Tiguan R and Tiguan eHybrid. The updated Tiguan features newly designed headlamps, radiator grille, and broader bumper intakes similar to

4958-426: Is no commonly agreed-upon definition of an SUV, and usage of the term varies between countries. Thus, it is "a loose term that traditionally covers a broad range of vehicles with four-wheel drive." Some definitions claim that an SUV must be built on a light truck chassis; however, broader definitions consider any vehicle with off-road design features to be an SUV. A crossover SUV is often defined as an SUV built with

5092-454: Is not possible to push start a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission with no rear pump (aside from several automatics built prior to 1970, which also included a rear pump for towing and push-starting purposes). The pressure of the ATF is regulated by a governor connected to the output shaft, which varies the pressure depending on the vehicle speed. The valve body inside the transmission

5226-554: Is often considered to be the first true automatic transmission. The first mass-produced automatic transmission is the General Motors Hydramatic four-speed hydraulic automatic, which was introduced in 1939. Automatic transmissions are also found in some heavy commercial vehicles, particularly those which are subject to intense stop/start operation such as buses and waste collection vehicles . Vehicles with internal combustion engines, unlike electric vehicles, require

5360-505: Is often similar to two separate manual transmissions with their respective clutches contained within one housing, and working as one unit. In most car and truck applications, the DCT functions as an automatic transmission, requiring no driver input to change gears. The first DCT to reach production was the Easidrive automatic transmission introduced on the 1961 Hillman Minx mid-size car. This

5494-450: Is pressurized by a pump and then directed to the appropriate bands/clutches to obtain the required gear ratio. The ATF provides lubrication, corrosion prevention, and a hydraulic medium to transmit the power required to operate the transmission. Made from petroleum with various refinements and additives, ATF is one of the few parts of the automatic transmission that needs routine service as the vehicle ages. The main pump which pressurises

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5628-403: Is responsible for directing hydraulic pressure to the appropriate bands and clutches. It receives pressurized fluid from the main pump and consists of several spring-loaded valves, check balls, and servo pistons. In older automatic transmissions, the valves use the pump pressure and the pressure from a centrifugal governor on the output side (as well as other inputs, such as throttle position or

5762-422: Is sometimes defined as a crossover being built using a unibody platform (the type used by most passenger cars), while an SUV is built using a body-on-frame platform (the type used by off-road vehicles and light trucks). However, these definitions are often blurred in practice, since unibody vehicles are also often referred to as SUVs. Also, crossover is a relatively recent term and early unibody SUVs (such as

5896-605: Is that the Tiguan is built on the PQ35 chassis that underpins the Mk5 and Mk6 generation Volkswagen Golf. While the PQ46 chassis is based upon the PQ35 platform, there are several differences between the more entry level PQ35 and the mid range PQ46. It shares the same dashboard design with the Golf Plus . It has a 0.37 drag coefficient. The Tiguan in Europe was offered worldwide in various trim levels. In

6030-566: Is therefore unrelated to the design of later SUVs. Several models of carryall wagons began to be offered with four-wheel drive, beginning in 1949 when the Willys Jeep Station Wagon introduced the option of four-wheel drive. Four-wheel-drive versions of the Chevrolet Suburban were introduced for 1955, followed by the International Harvester Travelall in 1956 (credited as being the first full-size SUV) and

6164-615: The Mercedes-Benz 7G-Tronic transmission , which debuted a year later. In 2007, the first eight-speed transmission to reach production was the Toyota AA80E transmission . The first nine-speed and ten-speed transmissions were the 2013 ZF 9HP transmission and 2017 Toyota Direct Shift-10A (used in the Lexus LC ) respectively. The gear selector is the input by which the driver selects the operating mode of an automatic transmission. Traditionally

6298-530: The Power Wagon Town Wagon in 1957. Automatic transmission The most common type of automatic transmission is the hydraulic automatic , which uses a planetary (epicyclic) gearset , hydraulic controls , and a torque converter . Other types of automatic transmissions include continuously variable transmissions (CVT), automated manual transmissions (AMT), and dual-clutch transmissions (DCT). The 1904 Sturtevant "horseless carriage gearbox"

6432-475: The clutch system automatically — and use different forms of actuation (usually via an actuator or servo ) to automate the clutch, but still require the driver's input and full control to manually actuate gear changes by hand. Modern versions of these systems that are fully automatic in operation, such as Selespeed and Easytronic , require no driver input over gear changes or clutch operation. Semi-automatic versions require only partial driver input (i.e.,

6566-618: The "Forward" mode (or between two shorter gear ratios in the "Emergency low" mode). Driver involvement was still required during normal driving, since standing starts required the driver to use the clutch pedal. This was followed in 1937 by the Oldsmobile Automatic Safety Transmission . Similar in operation to the REO Self-Shifter , the Automatic Safety Transmission shifted automatically between

6700-508: The "Utility Vehicle" category per the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) definitions and carry a 27% excise tax. Those that are 4 metres (13 feet) long, have a 1,500 cc (92 cu in) engine or larger, along with 170 mm (6.7 in) of ground clearance, are subject to a 30% excise duty. In Australia, SUV sales were helped by having lower import duties than passenger cars. Up until January 2010, SUVs were subject to

6834-424: The 1980s, automatic transmissions with four gear ratios became increasingly common, and many were equipped with lock-up torque convertors in order to improve fuel economy. Electronics began to be more commonly used to control the transmission, replacing mechanical control methods such as spring-loaded valves in the valve body. Most systems use solenoids which are controlled by either the engine control unit , or

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6968-488: The 1984 Jeep Cherokee) are rarely called crossovers. Due to these inconsistencies, the term SUV is often used as a catch-all for both crossovers and SUVs. Outside of the United States, the term crossover tends to be used for C-segment ( compact ) or smaller vehicles, with large unibody vehicles—such as the Mercedes-Benz GLS-Class , BMW X7 , and Range Rover —usually referred to as SUVs rather than crossovers. In

7102-401: The 1990s and early 2000s was partly due to buyers perceiving that SUVs provide greater safety for occupants, due to their larger size and raised ride height. Regarding the safety of other road users, SUVs are exempted from U.S. regulation stating that a passenger car bumper must protect the area between 16 and 20 inches (41 and 51 cm) above the ground. This often increases the damage to

7236-406: The 1990s, systems to manually request a specific gear or an upshift/downshift have become more common. These manumatic transmissions offer the driver greater control over the gear selection that the traditional modes to restrict the transmission to the lower gears. Use of the manumatic functions are typically achieved either via paddles located beside the steering column, or "+" and "-" controls on

7370-553: The 2010s, alongside other factors such as distracted and drunk driving. A 2021 study by the University of Illinois Springfield showed that SUVs are 8 times more likely to kill children in a collision than passenger cars, and multiple times more lethal to adult pedestrians and cyclists. SUVs generally have poorer fuel efficiency than smaller cars, and thus contribute more to environmental degradation and global warming . SUVs emit about 700 megatonnes of carbon dioxide per year,

7504-425: The ATF is typically a gear pump mounted between the torque converter and the planetary gear set. The input for the main pump is connected to the torque converter housing, which in turn is bolted to the engine's flexplate, so the pump provides pressure whenever the engine is running. A disadvantage of this arrangement is that there is no oil pressure to operate the transmission when the engine is not running, therefore it

7638-457: The CAFE regulations were changed to classify small, two-wheel-drive SUVs as passenger cars. However, the licensing and traffic enforcement regulations in the United States vary from state to state, and an SUV may be classified as a car in some states but as a truck in others. For industry production statistics, SUVs are counted in the light truck product segment. In India, all SUVs are classified in

7772-483: The Chinese market in 2009, with a locally built version (aka Shanghai-Volkswagen Tiguan) debuting at 2009 Guangzhou Motor Show. The Chinese built Tiguan uses 1.8-litre TSI 160 PS (158 hp; 118 kW) and 2.0-litre TSI 200 PS (197 hp; 147 kW), and has a revised front fascia. At the same time, the import Tiguan is still sold in China, which has 2.0 TSI and R-Line kit as highlights. The basic design of

7906-529: The Corvair. Most cars use a "P–R–N–D–L" layout for the gear selector, which consists of the following positions: Some automatic transmissions, especially by General Motors from 1940 to 1964, used a layout with reverse as the bottom position (e.g. N–D–L–R or P–N–D–L–R). Many transmissions also include positions to restrict the gear selection to the lower gears and engages the engine brake . These positions are often labelled "L" (low gear), "S" (second gear) or

8040-648: The European market, it features a characteristic off-road exterior design, compared to the normal Tiguan, including different bumper designs with skid plates, black chrome window trim strips, black roof rails and side mirror covers, and a special "OFFROAD" badge located on the B-pillar. For the interior, it features comfortable front seats with the centre storage compartment wrapped in fabric leather, black headliner, multifunction steering wheel, gear knob wrapped in leather, aluminum trim, stainless steel pedals and rubber floor mats. It

8174-610: The Hydra-Matic included a wide spread of ratios (allowing both good acceleration in first gear and cruising at low engine speed in top gear) and the fluid coupling handling only a portion of the engine's torque in the top two gears (increasing fuel economy in those gears, similar to a lock-up torque converter). Use of the Hydra-Matic spread to other General Motors brands and then to other manufacturers starting 1948 including Hudson , Lincoln , Kaiser , Nash , Holden (Australia), as well as Rolls-Royce and Bentley licensing production in

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8308-610: The LWB variant of the Tiguan in Malaysia. The LWB variant of the Tiguan will be sold as the Tiguan Allspace in Malaysia. It will be sold alongside the SWB variant. The LWB version will be imported from Mexico as HICOM Automotive only produces the SWB variant of the Tiguan. The Tiguan Allspace will be available in two trim levels: Highline and R-Line 4Motion. The Tiguan Allspace Highline will be powered by

8442-620: The Mexican market on 9 September 2021 for the 2022 model year, discontinuing the Trendline Plus and Highline trim levels. The second generation Tiguan was launched in China by SAIC-Volkswagen in January 2017, available in both SWB and LWB variants and sold alongside the previous generation Tiguan, which was continued to be sold in China as the Tiguan Silk Road. The LWB Tiguan is marketed there as

8576-458: The Mk8 Golf, along with a new bonnet, LED tail lights, and rear diffuser. A new multifunction 'digital' steering wheel is offered and a redesigned centre dashboard incorporates a new touchscreen display with VW’s latest MIB3 software. It is also equipped with Volkswagen's IQ Drive feature for the first time, which can take over the steering, braking and acceleration of the vehicle. For the first time,

8710-405: The North American launch, with sales starts at the same time as the US models for the 2018 model year. Like the US and Canadian models, it was only available as a LWB variant with optional third-row seats and initially available in four trim levels: Trendline, Trendline Plus, Comfortline, and Highline. The R-Line was later added to the Mexican lineup as a separated trim level. The lower trim levels of

8844-787: The PT Cruiser, being classified as light trucks. This classification as trucks allowed SUVs to be regulated less strictly than passenger cars under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act for fuel economy, and the Clean Air Act for emissions. However, from 2004 onwards, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began to hold sport utility vehicles to the same tailpipe emissions standards as cars for criteria pollutants, though not greenhouse gas emissions standards as they were not set until 2010. In 2011,

8978-568: The SEL and SEL Premium models (Highline in Canada) in early 2018, and was showcased at the 2017 Los Angeles Auto Show . In the US market, it was available in front-wheel drive or Volkswagen's 4Motion all-wheel drive system, with third-row seats being standard on front-wheel drive models and optional on all-wheel drive models. Only one engine choice was available for the North American-spec Tiguan,

9112-548: The SUV. Automotive websites' descriptions of SUVs range from specifically "combining car-like appointments and wagon practicality with steadfast off-road capability" with "chair-height seats and picture-window visibility" to the more general "nearly anything with available all-wheel drive and raised ground clearance". It is also suggested that the term "SUV" has replaced "jeep" as a general term for off-road vehicles. American dictionary definitions for SUVs include: In British English,

9246-527: The SWB variant. It is now locally assembled at GMM's plant in Purwakarta , West Java as a medium knock down (MKD) unit to avoid large import tax. It is powered by the same 1.4-litre TSI engine from the previous version and it is only available in one trim level. Through to its production, the Tiguan have received various special trim levels and limited edition models in some markets. In Australia, Volkswagen Australia has launched two limited edition models for

9380-598: The SWB variant. It was available in two trim levels: Comfortline and Highline. The Indian-spec Tiguan is locally assembled at Volkswagen India's Aurangabad plant. The launch of the Tiguan in the Indian market marks Volkswagen India's return to the SUV segment, since the Touareg was discontinued there in 2013. The LWB Tiguan Allspace was showcased at the Auto Expo 2020 and was launched to the Indian market in March 2020. The facelift Tiguan

9514-667: The Tiguan L. Both Chinese-spec Tiguans are locally assembled and offered in three trim levels: 280TSI, 330TSI and 380TSI. SAIC Volkswagen only produces Tiguan L and X; the SWB version was imported from Germany. A fastback variant based on the post-facelift model called the Tiguan X was available from October 2020. The second generation Tiguan was first announced for the Australian market in October 2015, about one month after its debut in IAA. Pricing and specifications were made available in July 2016, with

9648-664: The Tiguan exclusively for the Australian market in each respectively dates, the first being the Wolfsburg Edition, available on the SWB model in November 2018, with a limited up to 500 units. The second being the R-Line, available also on the SWB model in April 2019, with only 1000 units being sold. At the 2018 Moscow International Automobile Salon , Volkswagen unveiled the Tiguan Offroad for

9782-514: The Tiguan line-up also includes the performance-oriented R variant. Released in 2020 alongside the facelifted model, the Tiguan R is powered by a new 2.0-litre turbocharged inline-4 that delivers 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) and 420 N⋅m (310 lb⋅ft), shared with the Arteon R and the Mk8 Golf R. The engine is mated to an all-wheel-drive system which has the ability to split torque between

9916-522: The Tiguan were powered by a 1.4-litre TSI engine, a 2.0-litre TSI engine was only available to the Highline model. The Mexican-built Tiguan was qualified 5 stars by Latin NCAP in 2019 in both infant and adult passengers, and was awarded two Latin NCAP Advanced Awards, one for its pedestrian safety system and other for AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking). The locally-built Tiguan was later facelifted for

10050-563: The UK and providing the transmission to Jensen Motors , Armstrong Siddeley and other UK manufacturers. During World War II, the Hydra-Matic was used in some military vehicles. The first automatic transmission to use a torque converter (instead of a fluid coupling) was the Buick Dynaflow , which was introduced for the 1948 model year. In normal driving, the Dynaflow used only the top gear, relying on

10184-776: The United Kingdom The Collins English Dictionary defines a sport utility vehicle as a "powerful vehicle with four-wheel drive that can be driven over rough ground. The abbreviation SUV is often used." In Europe, the term SUV is generally used for road-oriented vehicles, described as "J-segment" by the European Commission . "Four-by-four" or the brand name of the vehicle is typically used for off-road-oriented vehicles. Similarly, in New Zealand, vehicles designed for off-road use are typically referred to as "four-wheel drives" instead of SUVs. In

10318-567: The United Kingdom, a crossover is sometimes defined as a hatchback model with raised ride height and SUV-like styling features. The smallest size class of SUVs is the "mini SUV". In Japan, SUVs under 3,400 mm (133.9 in)—such as the Mitsubishi Pajero Mini —are included in the kei car category and therefore attract lower taxes. Many recent vehicles labeled as mini SUVs are technically subcompact crossovers and are built on

10452-560: The United States had automatic transmissions. Automatic transmissions have been standard in large cars since at least 1974. By 2020 only 2.4% of new cars had manual transmissions. Historically, automatic transmissions were less efficient, but lower fuel prices in the US made this less of a problem than in Europe. In the United Kingdom, a majority of new cars have had automatic transmissions since 2020. Several manufacturers including Mercedes and Volvo no longer sell cars with manual transmissions. The growing prevalence of automatic transmissions

10586-512: The United States, many government regulations simply have categories for "off-highway vehicles" which are loosely defined and often result in SUVs (along with pick-up trucks and minivans ) being classified as light trucks . For example, corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) regulations previously included "permit greater cargo-carrying capacity than passenger carrying volume" in the definition for trucks, resulting in cars with removable rear seats, like

10720-468: The United States, trim levels included S , SE , and SEL . In the United Kingdom, trim levels were S , Match , Sport , and Escape . In Canada, trim levels were Trendline , Comfortline , and Highline with an optional sport package. In Russia and other markets, trim levels included Trend & Fun , Sport & Style , and Track & Field . European markets received an R-Line trim level beginning in 2010. The Trend & Fun specification offered

10854-429: The abrupt gear changes. The adoption of planetary gearsets was a significant advance towards the modern automatic transmission. One of the first transmissions to use this design was the manual transmission fitted to the 1901–1904 Wilson-Pilcher automobile. This transmission was built in the United Kingdom and used two epicyclic gears to provide four gear ratios. A foot clutch was used for standing starts, gear selection

10988-421: The axles and between the rear wheels. Other performance upgrades of the Tiguan R include lowered suspension, 21-inch wheels, upgraded brakes, and an available Akrapovič exhaust. A driving mode selector is included complete with a “Race” setting which can be prompted by a dedicated button on the steering wheel. A coupé SUV version of the Tiguan was revealed in China as the Tiguan X in September 2020. The styling

11122-409: The base 2022 Tiguan come with the "IQ.Drive" safety suite, which includes features such as forward-collision warning , autonomous emergency braking with pedestrian monitoring, blind-spot monitoring , lane keep assist , adaptive cruise control , and travel assist (semi-automated or Level 2 driving assistance ). The second generation Volkswagen Tiguan was launched in Mexico, around the same time as

11256-401: The complex design of the valve body, originally made hydraulic automatic transmissions much more expensive and time-consuming to build and repair than manual transmissions; however mass-production and developments over time have reduced this cost gap. To provide coupling and decoupling of the engine, a modern automatic transmission uses a torque converter instead of the friction clutch used in

11390-470: The design of modern SUVs was the 1940 Humber Heavy Utility , a four-wheel-drive off-road vehicle built on the chassis of the Humber Super Snipe passenger car. The most prohibitive initial factors to the potential civilian popularity of an SUV-like car were their cost and the availability of certain critical parts. Before the war, adding four-wheel drive to a car almost doubled its cost. Compared to

11524-403: The disadvantage of requiring the driver to operate the clutch and change the gear whenever required. Fuel economy of course worsens with lower efficiency. Real-world tests reported in 2022 found that in typical driving manual transmissions achieved 2 to 5% better fuel economy than automatics, increasing to 20% with an expert driver. Some laboratory tests show automatics in a better light due to

11658-446: The driver locking out the higher gears) to control which ratio is selected. As the vehicle and engine change speed, the difference between the pressures changes, causing different sets of valves to open and close. In more recent automatic transmissions, the valves are controlled by solenoids . These solenoids are computer-controlled, with the gear selection decided by a dedicated transmission control unit (TCU) or sometimes this function

11792-402: The driver must change gears manually), while fully automatic versions require no manual driver input, whatsoever ( TCU or ECU operates both the clutch system and gear shifts automatically). Modern automated manual transmissions (AMT) have their roots and origins in older clutchless manual transmissions that began to appear on mass-production automobiles in the early 1930s and 1940s, prior to

11926-518: The end of 2007 at Volkswagen's subsidiary Auto 5000 in Wolfsburg and continued subsequently under the company's standard contract arrangements, at Wolfsburg and in Kaluga, Russia. The first generation Tiguan is based on the PQ46 platform , which is shared with the four corporate siblings, Volkswagen Passat (B6) , Volkswagen Sharan (7N) , Škoda Superb (3T) and SEAT Alhambra (7N) . A common misconception

12060-411: The engine shaft and the differential shaft and in which the clutches are arranged to selectively engage and drive the differential shaft dependent upon the speed at which the differential shaft rotates". However, it would be over a decade later until automatic transmissions were produced in significant quantities. In the meantime, several European and British manufacturers would use preselector gearboxes ,

12194-494: The engine to operate in a narrow range of rates of rotation, requiring a gearbox, operated manually or automatically, to drive the wheels over a wide range of speeds. Globally, 43% of new cars produced in 2015 were manual transmissions, falling to 37% by 2020. Automatic transmissions have long been prevalent in the United States, but only started to become common in Europe much later. In Europe in 1997, only 10–12% of cars had automatic transmissions. In 1957 over 80% of new cars in

12328-583: The first mass-produced automatic transmission following its introduction in 1939 (1940 model year). Available as an option in cars such as the Oldsmobile Series 60 and Cadillac Sixty Special , the Hydra-Matic combined a fluid coupling with three hydraulically controlled planetary gearsets to produce four forward speeds plus reverse. The transmission was sensitive to engine throttle position and road speed, producing fully automatic up- and down-shifting that varied according to operating conditions. Features of

12462-486: The front seats, folding table and storage pockets on the backs of the front seats, leather for steering wheel, gear shift knob and gear shift boot, fabric seats with Alcantara accents, cruise control system and tire pressure indicator. The Track & Field package featured a redesigned front module, with a 28-degree approach angle (instead of 18-degree), hill descent assistant, modified driving pedal characteristic, EDS adaptation (electronic differential locks are activated at

12596-430: The future under the sense of security, all the while increasing the rate of fatalities of pedestrians. There is no universally accepted definition of the sport utility vehicle. Dictionaries, automotive experts, and journalists use varying wordings and defining characteristics, in addition to regional variations of usage by both the media and the general public. The auto industry also has not settled on one definition of

12730-433: The gear selector is located between the two front seats or on the steering column, however electronic rotary dials and push-buttons have also been occasionally used since the 1980s, as well as push buttons having been used in the 1950s and 1960s by Rambler (automobile) , Edsel , and most famously, by Chrysler . A few automobiles employed a lever on the instrument panel, such as the 1955 Chrysler Corporation cars, and notably,

12864-401: The gear selector. Some cars offer drivers both methods to request a manual gear selection. A continuously variable transmission (CVT) can change seamlessly through a continuous (infinite) range of gear ratios, compared with other automatic transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The flexibility of a CVT with suitable control may allow the engine to operate at

12998-479: The import model is the same as the international one. Due to the regulations, Shanghai-VW Tiguan is given a Chinese name, known as 途观 (tiguan), and the import one keeps the original letter name to differ locally built and import models. Since the launch of the second generation Tiguan, the first generation Tiguan continued to be sold in China as the Tiguan Silk Road until it was discontinued in 2020. The Tiguan

13132-406: The introduction of hydraulic automatic transmissions. These systems were designed to reduce the amount of clutch or gear shifter usage required by the driver. These devices were intended to reduce the difficulty of operating conventional unsynchronised manual transmissions ("crash gearboxes") that were commonly used at the time, especially in stop-start driving. An early example of this transmission

13266-531: The largest size of commonly produced SUVs. Some, such as the Ford Expedition , and Chevrolet Tahoe , are marketed for their off-road capabilities, and others, such as the Lincoln Navigator and Cadillac Escalade , are marketed as luxury vehicles. While a few full-size SUVs are built on dedicated platforms; most share their platforms with full-size pickup trucks . Some North American SUVs are available as

13400-542: The local press releasing details to the market. Sales of the Tiguan in Australia started in September 2016. At launch, it was initially offered in three trim levels: Trendline, Comfortline and Highline. The R-Line Package was also offered and it was only available on the Highline models. The Sportline trim was later added to the Australian lineup in December 2017. The LWB Tiguan Allspace was announced for Australia in April 2018, with

13534-497: The mid-1990s. Today, most SUVs in production use a unibody construction and relatively few models continue to use body-on-frame construction. SUVs are typically of a two-box design similar to a station wagon . The engine compartment is in the front, followed by a combined passenger/cargo area (unlike a sedan, which has a separate trunk/boot compartment). Up until approximately 2010, many SUV models were available in two-door body styles. Since then, manufacturers began to discontinue

13668-443: The next gear's sprag clutch assumes the torque transfer. The friction bands are often used for manually selected gears (such as low range or reverse) and operate on the planetary drum's circumference. Bands are not applied when the drive/overdrive range is selected, the torque being transmitted by the sprag clutches instead. The aforementioned friction bands and clutches are controlled using automatic transmission fluid (ATF), which

13802-681: The number of the highest gear used in that position (eg 3, 2 or 1). If these positions are engaged at a time when it would result in excessive engine speed, many modern transmissions disregard the selector position and remain in the higher gear. In descending order of the highest gear available: Many modern transmissions include modes to adjust the shift logic to prefer either power or fuel economy . "Sport" (also called "Power" or "Performance") modes cause gear shifts to occur at higher engine speeds, allowing higher acceleration. "Economy" (also called "Eco" or "Comfort") modes cause gear shifts to occur at lower engine speeds to reduce fuel consumption. Since

13936-543: The other car in a collision with an SUV, because the impact occurs at a higher location on the other car. In 2000–2001, 60% of fatal side-impact collisions were where the other vehicle was an SUV, an increase from 30% in 1980–1981. The introduction of electronic stability control (ESC) and rollover mitigation, as well as increased analysis of the risks of a rollover, led the IIHS to report in 2015 that "the rollover death rate of 5 per million registered vehicle years for 2011 models

14070-593: The past, more SUVs used body-on-frame construction. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the popularity of SUVs significantly increased, often at the expense of the popularity of large sedans and station wagons. SUVs accounted for 45.9% of the world's passenger car market in 2021. SUVs have been criticized for a variety of environmental and safety-related reasons. They generally have poorer fuel efficiency and require more resources to manufacture than smaller vehicles, contributing more to climate change and environmental degradation . Between 2010 and 2018, SUVs were

14204-537: The platform of a subcompact (also called supermini or B-segment) passenger car. The "compact SUV" is the next bigger-size class after mini SUVs. Many recent vehicles labeled as compact SUVs are technically compact crossovers and are built on the platform of a compact (C-segment) passenger car. The next larger size is called the "mid-size SUV". Some mid-size SUVs are based on platforms shared with passenger cars and therefore, are crossovers. Other mid-size SUVs are based on compact or mid-size pickups. Full-size SUVs are

14338-634: The pricing and specifications were later revealed in June 2018. The Tiguan Allspace went on sale in Australia in July 2018 and it was available in two trim levels: Comfortline and Highline. Like the SWB model, the R-Line Package was also offered for the LWB model. The Trendline model on the SWB Tiguan was discontinued in August 2018. The second generation Tiguan was launched in India on May 24, 2017, initially available in

14472-530: The result, sales were proved lackluster compared to its rivals, with only 175,606 Tiguans sold in the United States between 2008 and 2015. In April 2017, Volkswagen of America announced that it would continue to sell its outgoing Tiguan alongside the second generation model, rebranding it as the Volkswagen Tiguan Limited. Due to slow sales compared to the second generation model, the Tiguan Limited

14606-502: The seats and rear hatches for cargo area access. Just before and during World War II , prototypes and low-volume production examples of military cars with sedan or station wagon-type bodies and rugged, off-road capable four-wheel drive chassis began to appear around the world. These early models included the 1936 Kurogane Type 95 from Japan, the 1938 GAZ-61 from Russia as well as the 1941 Volkswagen Kommandeurswagen and 1936 Opel Geländesportwagen from Germany. An early predecessor to

14740-512: The second largest contributor to the global increase in carbon emissions worldwide. The "crossover SUV" segment (also known as "CUVs" or simply "crossovers") has become increasingly popular since around 2010. Crossovers are often based on a platform shared with a passenger car, as a result, they typically have better comfort and fuel economy, but less off-road capability (many crossovers are sold without all-wheel drive) than pickup truck-based SUVs. The difference between crossovers and other SUVs

14874-435: The second-largest contributor to the global increase in carbon emissions worldwide. Their higher center of gravity increases their risk of rollovers . Their higher front-end profile makes them at least twice as likely to kill pedestrians they hit. Additionally, the psychological sense of security they provide influences drivers to drive less cautiously, and may in-turn, cause others with smaller vehicles to opt for SUVs in

15008-428: The slightest slip), ABS adaptation (which aids with braking on loose substrates), hill ascent assistance, automatic transmission gear level pre-selection (including optimal engine braking effect), 16-inch alloy wheels, tire pressure indicator, black roof rails, engine underbody protection, compass display, special door impact guard strips and seats with adjustable lumbar support. The import version of Tiguan appeared on

15142-535: The spring of 2020, six million units had been sold worldwide, with 910,926 units being manufactured in 2019 alone, making the Tiguan the best-selling car overall in the Volkswagen Group . It was also the best-selling SUV in Europe. The first generation Tiguan was initially shown as a concept vehicle at the LA Auto Show in November 2006. The production form of the Tiguan was revealed online in June 2007 following

15276-403: The terms "4x4" (pronounced "four-by-four"), "jeep", four wheel drive, or "off-road vehicle" are generally used instead of "sport utility vehicle". The sardonic term "Chelsea tractor" is also commonly used, due to the perceived popularity of the vehicles with urban residents of Chelsea, London , and their likeness to vehicles used by farmers. However, in the 2020s, the term SUV has entered usage in

15410-424: The tests using a prescribed shifting pattern for manuals not always optimized for economy. However, on long highway journeys manual transmissions require maintaining a very specific cruising speed to optimise economy, making automatics preferable. The most common design of automatic transmissions is the hydraulic automatic, which typically uses planetary gearsets that are operated using hydraulics. The transmission

15544-669: The third-generation Tiguan is based off the Volkswagen Tayron rather than the European-market Tiguan. The Tayron shares the same MQB Evo platform as the long-wheelbase Tiguan. Unlike the previous model, the third-generation Tiguan for North America is only available with two-row seating. Sport utility vehicle A sport utility vehicle ( SUV ) is a car classification that combines elements of road-going passenger cars with features from off-road vehicles , such as raised ground clearance and four-wheel drive . There

15678-605: The torque multiplication of the torque convertor at lower speeds. The Dynaflow was followed by the Packard Ultramatic in mid-1949 and the Chevrolet Powerglide for the 1950 model year. Each of these transmissions had only two forward speeds, relying on the converter for additional torque multiplication. In the early 1950s, BorgWarner developed a series of three-speed torque converter automatics for car manufacturers such as American Motors, Ford and Studebaker. Chrysler

15812-441: The two gear ratios available in the "Low" and "High" ranges and the clutch pedal was required for standing starts. It used a planetary gearset. The Chrysler Fluid Drive , introduced in 1939, was an optional addition to manual transmissions where a fluid coupling (similar to a torque-convertor, but without the torque multiplication) was added, to avoid the need to operate a manual clutch. The General Motors Hydra-Matic became

15946-568: The two-door models as the four-door models became more popular. A few two-door SUVs remain available, such as the body-on-frame Suzuki Jimny , Mahindra Thar , Toyota Land Cruiser Prado , Ford Bronco , and Jeep Wrangler as well as the Range Rover Evoque crossover SUV. SUVs typically have high ground clearance and a tall body. This results in a high center of mass , which made SUVs more prone to roll-over accidents . In 2003, SUVs were quoted as 2.5 times more likely to roll over in

16080-401: The vehicle did roll over, SUV occupants in the early 2000s were nearly three times as likely to be killed as other car passengers. Vehicles with a high center of gravity do sometimes fail the moose test of maneuverability conducted by Swedish consumer magazine Teknikens Värld , for example, the 1997 Mercedes-Benz A-Class and 2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee . The increasing popularity of SUVs in

16214-418: Was among the first to have the basic gear selections ( park , reverse , neutral , drive , low ) which became the standard gear selection used for several decades. By the late 1960s, most of the fluid-coupling two-speed and four-speed transmissions had disappeared in favor of three-speed units with torque converters. Also around this time, whale oil was removed from the automatic transmission fluid. During

16348-522: Was available in six different colours, with a two-tone combination look with a black roof as a part of the optional Offroad Plus package and a standard 18-inch "Sebring" alloy wheels with three alternative wheel options available. The Tiguan Offroad was offered in various range of diesel and petrol engines, it is mated by a 7-speed DSG transmission as standard, along with 4Motion all-wheel drive featuring Active Control system, which can be switched between three driving modes: Onroad, Offroad and Snow. In Mexico,

16482-613: Was called the Controlled Coupling Hydra-Matic , or "Jetaway" transmission. The original Hydra-Matic remained in production until the mid-1960s at GM, with the licensed Rolls-Royce Automatic transmission soldiering on until 1978 on the Rolls-Royce Phantom VI . In 1964, General Motors released a new transmission, the Turbo Hydramatic , a three-speed transmission which used a torque convertor. The Turbo Hydramatic

16616-468: Was discontinued after the 2018 model year. Volkswagen updated the Tiguan with a facelift for 2012 models, which was revealed at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show . The headlights were made bolder and more angular, and the prominent horizontal grille bars of the Golf and new Passat were incorporated, as were the angular line design in the two-part taillight clusters. Performance was also enhanced. The interior trim

16750-501: Was followed by various eastern European tractors through the 1970s (using manual operation via a single clutch pedal), then the Porsche 962 C racing car in 1985. The first DCT of the modern era was used in the 2003 Volkswagen Golf R32 . Since the late 2000s, DCTs have become increasingly widespread, and have supplanted hydraulic automatic transmissions in various models of cars. Automated manual transmission (AMT) , sometimes referred to as

16884-541: Was introduced in the 1955 Citroën DS , which used a 4-speed BVH transmission. This semi-automatic transmission used an automated clutch, which was actuated using hydraulics . Gear selection also used hydraulics , however, the gear ratio needs to be manually selected by the driver. This system was nicknamed Citro-Matic in the U.S. The first modern AMTs were introduced by BMW and Ferrari in 1997, with their SMG and F1 transmissions, respectively. Both systems used hydraulic actuators and electrical solenoids , and

17018-631: Was introduced with the Hudson Commodore in 1942, called Drive-Master . This unit was an early semi-automatic transmission , based on the design of a conventional manual transmission, which used a servo -controlled vacuum -operated clutch system, with three different gear shifting modes, at the touch of a button; manual shifting and manual clutch operation (fully manual), manual shifting with automated clutch operation (semi-automatic), and automatic shifting with automatic clutch operation (fully automatic). Another early example of this transmission system

17152-532: Was late in developing its own true automatic, introducing the two-speed torque converter PowerFlite in 1953, and the three-speed TorqueFlite in 1956. The latter was the first to utilize the Simpson compound planetary gearset. In 1956, the General Motors Hydra-Matic (which still used a fluid coupling) was redesigned based around the use of two fluid couplings to provide smoother shifts. This transmission

17286-457: Was launched in India on 7 December 2021. The second generation Volkswagen Tiguan was launched in Malaysia on April 5, 2017, only the SWB variant was available there. It was offered with two trim levels: Comfortline and Highline. The Malaysian-spec Tiguan is locally assembled at HICOM Automotive 's plant in Pekan, front-wheel drive only and powered by a 1.4-litre TSI engine. In 2020, Volkswagen launched

17420-469: Was launched in United States and Canada in May 2008 for the 2009 model year. It was powered by a direct-injected and turbocharged 200 PS (197 hp; 147 kW) 2.0-litre petrol engine. Imported from Germany, Volkswagen of America had positioned the first generation Tiguan as a niche product due to its high price tag impacted by a crippling dollar-euro exchange, with annual sales of 20,000 to 25,000 units. As

17554-534: Was revised with an updated three spoke steering wheel and gear selector. Pre-facelift styling Post-facelift styling At the November 2007 Michelin Challenge Bibendum , in Shanghai , China, Volkswagen showed the Tiguan HyMotion study powered by a hydrogen fuel cell . The fuel cell produces 80 kW (107 hp) which, when combined with energy stored in the battery, allows the electric motor to output

17688-414: Was unveiled at the Frankfurt International Motor Show in September 2015 for the 2016 model year, now built on the Volkswagen Group MQB A2 platform . It was initially revealed in its short-wheelbase guise, which is 50 kg (110 lb) lighter than the outgoing Tiguan, while also 60 mm (2.4 in) longer, 30 mm (1.2 in) wider, and its wheelbase is extended by 77 mm (3.0 in). As

17822-483: Was updated with wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto being offered on all but the base model. The Tiguan's powertrain remains unchanged, and the third row option is no longer being offered on AWD models. The 2022 Tiguan has new standard safety features: blind-spot monitoring , forward-collision warning , and rear traffic alert. Other safety features are available, for instance automatic high beam , parking assist , and dynamic road sign recognition . All trims but

17956-551: Was using a hand lever, helical gears were used (to reduce noise) and the gears used a constant-mesh design. A planetary gearset was also used in the 1908 Ford Model T , which was fitted with a two-speed manual transmission (without helical gears). An early patent for the automatic transmission was granted to Canadian inventor Alfred Horner Munro of Regina in 1923. Being a steam engineer, Munro designed his device to use compressed air rather than hydraulic fluid , and so it lacked power and never found commercial application. In 1923,

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