32°50′30.62″N 116°42′17.66″W / 32.8418389°N 116.7049056°W / 32.8418389; -116.7049056
62-624: Viejas Casino & Resort is a hotel casino and outlet center owned by the Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians in Alpine, California . The casino has over 2,000 slot machines, up to 86 table games, three restaurants, a deli, bingo, an off-track betting facility, a lounge, the largest outdoor ice rink in Southern California, concert venues and multiple indoor and outdoor meeting spaces. Opened in March 2013,
124-420: A casino with temporary lodging provided in an on-premises hotel . Customers receive the benefits of both gambling facilities and lodging. Since the casino and hotel are located on the same premises, a gambler's necessities can be provided for in one location. The casino may offer common forms of gambling including slot machines , table games , and sports betting . The hotel, nearby or directly connected to
186-627: A 40-stall truck stop/charging station in Bakersfield, California. At full capacity, it would provide a combined 25 MW of charging power, partially drawn from an on-site solar array and battery storage. Common connectors include Type 1 (Yazaki) , Type 2 (Mennekes) , CCS Combo 1 and 2 , CHAdeMO , and Tesla. Many standard plug types are defined in IEC 62196 -2 (for AC supplied power) and 62196-3 (for DC supplied power): CCS DC charging requires power-line communication (PLC). Two connectors are added at
248-538: A bid to counter their seedy image"; customers are limited to three visits a week; and locals will have to pay an entrance charge of ¥6000, while foreigners can enter for free. The bill "clearly takes a leaf from Singapore's book". In 2007, the Philippine Amusement & Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) opened Entertainment City by the Manila Bay to four integrated resorts. In 2022, Universal Hotels & Resorts of
310-403: A business center, fitness center, and resort style pool with VIP cabanas. As part of the original hotel construction project both east and west entrances to the casino were remodeled and valet parking was moved from the east entrance to the west entrance. Additional valet parking was made available at the hotel entrance when the hotel opened. Bingo was moved into a new 340-seat bingo hall inside
372-525: A conductive connector (generally AVCON ). Proponents of the inductive system were GM, Nissan, and Toyota; DaimlerChrysler, Ford, and Honda backed the conductive system. Magne Charge paddles were available in two different sizes: an older, larger paddle (used for the EV1 and S-10 EV) and a newer, smaller paddle (used for the first-generation Toyota RAV4 EV , but backwards compatible with large-paddle vehicles through an adapter). The larger paddle (introduced in 1994)
434-441: A day, The Cafe provides a variety of dishes for breakfast, lunch, dinner, or late-night cravings. The menu includes New York steak, hamburgers, sandwiches, carne asada, sliders, soups, and salads. 4. Ginger Noodle Bar : For those who enjoy Asian cuisine, this restaurant offers traditional and favorite meals served express style, conveniently located near the gaming floor 5. Daily Roast : Perfect for coffee lovers, this spot serves
496-583: A hindrance to the market over the next several years that needs to be worked out. In the United States, many of the EVs first marketed in the late 1990s and early 2000s such as the GM EV1 , Ford Ranger EV , and Chevrolet S-10 EV preferred the use of Level 2 (single-phase AC) EVSE, as defined under NEC-1999, to maintain acceptable charging speed. These EVSEs were fitted with either an inductive connector ( Magne Charge ) or
558-423: A home charging station, as is common in multi-family housing. Costs vary greatly by country, power supplier, and power source. Some services charge by the minute, while others charge by the amount of energy received (measured in kilowatt-hours). In the United States, some states have banned the use of charging by kWh. Charging stations may not need much new infrastructure in developed countries, less than delivering
620-457: A new bingo room was built east of the casino. In 2006, a $ 19 million project to remodel the casino was completed. In 2007, the Viejas tribe announced an $ 800 million expansion project including a second casino, hotel, and parking garage. By 2015, Viejas Casino had a newly renovated non-smoking casino area, a 5-story parking garage, and an expanded hotel section. A poker room was added in early 2016 but
682-516: A new fuel over a new network. The stations can leverage the existing ubiquitous electrical grid . Charging stations are offered by public authorities, commercial enterprises, and some major employers to address a range of barriers. Options include simple charging posts for roadside use, charging cabinets for covered parking places, and fully automated charging stations integrated with power distribution equipment. As of December 2012 , around 50,000 non-residential charging points were deployed in
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#1732859007772744-469: A range of tantalizing entrees, including Certified Angus Beef steaks aged for a minimum of 28 days, delicious seafood, and an eclectic wine list. 2. Baron Long Bar & Grill : This spot offers a familiar food menu with a twist, featuring craft beer and cocktails in a comfortable, energetic sports bar environment. It's a great place to enjoy American bar food classics while watching your favorite sports on multiple large screens. 3. The Cafe : Open 24 hours
806-536: A total of 237 rooms and suites. In 2016, Viejas Casino & Resort began another development project with the construction of a third hotel tower named the Willows Hotel & Spa. It is open to guests age 21 and older and has 159 suites, a saltwater pool, two new restaurants, outdoor dining and a day spa and salon. IGroup Design was the Lead Design Architect on the 225,000 square foot addition. The project
868-425: A variety of coffee styles, teas, pastries, and more, proudly featuring Starbucks products. Each restaurant at Viejas Casino strives to provide excellent service and delicious meals made with fresh, locally grown ingredients. Whether you're in the mood for a gourmet steak, casual bar food, or a quick coffee, Viejas Casino has something to offer. Hotel casino A casino hotel is an establishment consisting of
930-417: Is a major resort property that includes a hotel with a casino , together with convention facilities, entertainment shows, theme parks , luxury retail and fine dining . The term is largely Singaporean . Earlier IR licenses were awarded to Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa , which both began operations in early 2010, and were by 2013 the most profitable casinos in the world. Since then,
992-722: Is defined by three cases (IEC 61851-1): The North American Charging System (NACS) was developed by Tesla, Inc. for use in the company's vehicles. It remained a proprietary standard until 2022 when its specifications were published by Tesla. The connector is physically smaller than the J1172/CCS connector, and uses the same pins for both AC and DC charging functionality. As of November 2023, automakers Ford , General Motors , Rivian , Volvo , Polestar , Mercedes-Benz , Nissan , Honda , Jaguar , Fisker , Hyundai , BMW , Toyota , Subaru , and Lucid Motors have all committed to equipping their North American vehicles with NACS connectors in
1054-479: Is delivered from the power grid as alternating current. For this reason, most electric vehicles have a built-in AC-to-DC converter commonly known as the "onboard charger" (OBC). At an AC charging station, AC power from the grid is supplied to this onboard charger, which converts it into DC power to recharge the battery. DC chargers provide higher power charging (which requires much larger AC-to-DC converters) by building
1116-491: Is expected to operate in the range of 200–1500 V and 0–3000 A for a theoretical maximum power of 4.5 megawatts (MW). The proposal calls for MCS charge ports to be compatible with existing CCS and HPC chargers. The task force released aggregated requirements in February 2019, which called for maximum limits of 1000 V DC (optionally, 1500 V DC) and 3000 A continuous rating. A connector design
1178-549: Is favored by Nissan , Mitsubishi , and Toyota , while the SAE J1772 Combo standard is backed by GM , Ford , Volkswagen , BMW , and Hyundai . Both systems charge to 80% in approximately 20 minutes, but the two systems are incompatible. Richard Martin, editorial director for clean technology marketing and consultant firm Navigant Research, stated: The broader conflict between the CHAdeMO and SAE Combo connectors, we see that as
1240-506: Is necessary. This requires a much larger AC-to-DC converter which is not practical to integrate into the vehicle. Instead, the AC-to-DC conversion is performed by the charging station, and DC power is supplied to the vehicle directly, bypassing the built-in converter. This is known as DC fast charging. Charging stations are usually accessible to multiple electric vehicles and are equipped with current or connection sensing mechanisms to disconnect
1302-585: Is one of five California tribes that signed a modified compact with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger granting unlimited slot machines in return for higher payments to the state. In 1977, the Viejas Bingo Room opened in the Ma Tar Awa RV Park on the Viejas reservation. The Viejas Casino opened its doors on September 13, 1991. The bingo room was moved inside the casino from the RV resort in 1994. Six years later,
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#17328590077721364-502: Is under development, which will provide higher power charging for large commercial vehicles ( Class 8, and possibly 6 and 7 as well , including school and transit buses). When the Charging Interface Initiative e. V. (CharIN) task force was formed in March 2018, the new standard being developed was originally called High Power Charging (HPC) for Commercial Vehicles (HPCCV), later renamed Megawatt Charging System (MCS). MCS
1426-553: The AAA Four Diamond Award consecutively each year. In February 2013 a Tribal Environmental Impact Report was filed for construction of a 6-story parking structure with capacity for up to 1,000 vehicles to be built on the north side of the casino. The parking garage would provide additional parking for both the casino and hotel. Construction was started in April 2013 and the parking structure opened on November 21, 2013. In 2014,
1488-575: The California Energy Commission . The charging station project was announced in 2023 by the builder, EVPassport. Viejas Casino in Alpine, California offers a variety of dining options to suit different tastes and preferences: 1. The Grove Steakhouse : This is the only Four Diamond casino steakhouse in San Diego, known for its luxurious decor and exceptional gourmet experience. The menu features
1550-595: The European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) defined the following terms: The terms "electric vehicle connector" and "electric vehicle inlet" were previously defined in the same way under Article 625 of the United States National Electric Code (NEC) of 1999. NEC-1999 also defined the term "electric vehicle supply equipment" as the entire unit "installed specifically for the purpose of delivering energy from
1612-1110: The Las Vegas Strip and in Atlantic City, New Jersey . Casino hotels can be significant employers in an area; in 2009 in Atlantic City, Local 54 of the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union represented 22,000 casino hotel workers. Charging station A charging station , also known as a charge point , chargepoint , or electric vehicle supply equipment ( EVSE ), is a power supply device that supplies electrical power for recharging plug-in electric vehicles (including battery electric vehicles , electric trucks , electric buses , neighborhood electric vehicles , and plug-in hybrid vehicles ). There are two main types of EV chargers: Alternating current (AC) charging stations and direct current (DC) charging stations. Electric vehicle batteries can only be charged by direct current electricity, while most mains electricity
1674-617: The Type 2 connector defined in IEC 62196 -2) and SAE J3105 (automated connection of DC charging devices). In 2003, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) adopted a majority of the SAE J1772 standard under IEC 62196-1 for international implementation. The IEC alternatively defines charging in modes ( IEC 61851 -1): The connection between the electric grid and "charger" (electric vehicle supply equipment)
1736-527: The "Electric Island", the first heavy-duty vehicle charging station, across the street from its headquarters in Portland, Oregon. The station is capable of charging eight vehicles simultaneously, and the charging bays are sized to accommodate tractor-trailers . In addition, the design is capable of accommodating >1 MW chargers once they are available. A startup company, WattEV, announced plans in May 2021 to build
1798-662: The Gokongwei-led JG Summit Holdings conglomerate opened the Nustar Resort and Casino integrated resort in Kawit Island of the South Road Properties reclamation area of Cebu City . Cinnamon Life Colombo is Sri Lanka's first integrated resort. The resort is consists of an 800 room hotel, 47-storeyed resident tower and convention center with 5,000 seating capacity. Integrated resorts are common on
1860-672: The Integrated Casino Resorts Cyprus Consortium, is the first integrated resort in Cyprus, and all of Europe. It was expected to launch in 2021, and is currently open. On 20 July 2018, the Japanese Diet passed a bill allowing the establishment of casinos in three Japanese cities. Under the Integrated Resort Implementation Law, "the casinos will be embedded in family-friendly resorts, partly in
1922-519: The Magne Charge paddle was discontinued by the following March. Three conductive connectors existed at the time, named according to their manufacturers: Avcon (aka butt-and-pin, used by Ford, Solectria , and Honda); Yazaki (aka pin-and-sleeve, on the RAV4 EV); and ODU (used by DaimlerChrysler). The Avcon butt-and-pin connector supported Level 2 and Level 3 (DC) charging and was described in the appendix of
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1984-516: The Supercharger version, power is supplied at 72, 150, or 250 kW, the first corresponding to DC Level 1 and the second and third corresponding to DC Level 2 of SAE J1772. As of Q4 2021, Tesla reported 3,476 supercharging locations worldwide and 31,498 supercharging chargers (about 9 chargers per location on average). An extension to the CCS DC fast-charging standard for electric cars and light trucks
2046-732: The U.S., Europe, Japan and China. As of August 2014 , some 3,869 CHAdeMO quick chargers were deployed, with 1,978 in Japan, 1,181 in Europe and 686 in the United States, and 24 in other countries. As of December 2021 the total number of public and private EV charging stations was over 57,000 in the United States and Canada combined. As of May 2023, there are over 3.9 million public EV charging points worldwide, with Europe having over 600,000, China leading with over 2.7 million. United States has over 138,100 charging outlets for plug-in electric vehicles (EVs). In January 2023, S&P Global Mobility estimated that
2108-494: The US has about 126,500 Level 2 and 20,431 Level 3 charging stations, plus another 16,822 Tesla Superchargers and Tesla destination chargers. As of December 2012 , Japan had 1,381 public DC fast-charging stations, the largest deployment of fast chargers in the world, but only around 300 AC chargers. As of December 2012 , China had around 800 public slow charging points, and no fast charging stations. As of September 2013 ,
2170-425: The bottom of Type 1 or Type 2 vehicle inlets and charging plugs to supply DC current. These are commonly known as Combo 1 or Combo 2 connectors. The choice of style inlets is normally standardized on a per-country basis so that public chargers do not need to fit cables with both variants. Generally, North America uses Combo 1 style vehicle inlets, while most of the rest of the world uses Combo 2. The CHAdeMO standard
2232-508: The casino and the former bingo hall was razed to make room for the hotel. The east entrance was enlarged and extended to connect the hotel to the casino and the buffet was remodeled and expanded. The buffet is the only restaurant that allows children and persons under the age of 21. Those under 21 are not permitted anywhere else in the casino. With the hotel opening, Viejas was renamed from Viejas Casino to Viejas Casino & Resort. Since its opening in 2013, Viejas Casino & Resort has received
2294-476: The casino underwent a year-long development project to include a 15,000 square foot expansion of their gaming floor, an additional five-story hotel tower and renovated non-smoking casino areas. The extended casino floor allowed for the addition of another 1,000 slot machines, while the new hotel tower increased accommodations. This expansion created an additional 50,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor multifunction resort space, and increased hotel accommodations to
2356-426: The casino, provides lodging and may include other popular services such as food and beverages, valet parking , a swimming pool , health club , and on-site entertainment. Many casino hotels in popular destinations, operate as resort hotels with additional services such as upscale lodgings, ballrooms, and large conference facilities, in which case they may be called integrated resort . An integrated resort ( IR )
2418-527: The casino. Plans were scaled back slightly resulting in a 5-story hotel with 128 rooms consisting of 99 deluxe rooms and 29 luxury suites. The $ 36 million project broke ground in early 2012 and the building was topped out in November 2012. Hotel construction was completed in March 2013 with the grand opening celebration held on March 21, 2013. Viejas describes the hotel as "modern amenities, streamlined design and handcrafted, boutique feel". The original hotel includes
2480-463: The code) was connected to the grid through a standard NEMA 5 -20R 3-prong electrical outlet with grounding, and a ground-fault circuit interrupter was required within 12 in (30 cm) of the plug. The supply circuit required protection at 125% of the maximum rated current; for example, charging equipment rated at 16 amperes ("amps" or "A") continuous current required a breaker sized to 20 A. Level 2 charging equipment (as defined in
2542-991: The converter into the charging station instead of the vehicle to avoid size and weight restrictions. The station then directly supplies DC power to the vehicle, bypassing the onboard converter. Most modern electric car models can accept both AC and DC power. Charging stations provide connectors that conform to a variety of international standards. DC charging stations are commonly equipped with multiple connectors to charge various vehicles that use competing standards. Public charging stations are typically found street-side or at retail shopping centers, government facilities, and other parking areas. Private charging stations are usually found at residences, workplaces, and hotels. Multiple standards have been established for charging technology to enable interoperability across vendors. Standards are available for nomenclature, power, and connectors. Tesla developed proprietary technology in these areas and began building its charging networking in 2012. In 2011,
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2604-455: The electrical grid, EVs have a small AC-to-DC converter built into the vehicle. The charging cable supplies AC power directly from the grid, and the vehicle converts this power to DC internally and charges its battery. The built-in converters on most EVs typically support charging speeds up to 6–7 kW, sufficient for overnight charging. This is known as "AC charging". To facilitate rapid recharging of EVs, much higher power (50–100+ kW)
2666-692: The first version (1996) of the SAE J1772 recommended practice; the 2001 version moved the connector description into the body of the practice, making it the de facto standard for the United States. IWC recommended the Avcon butt connector for North America, based on environmental and durability testing. As implemented, the Avcon connector used four contacts for Level 2 (L1, L2, Pilot, Ground) and added five more (three for serial communications, and two for DC power) for Level 3 (L1, L2, Pilot, Com1, Com2, Ground, Clean Data ground, DC+, DC−). By 2009, J1772 had instead adopted
2728-619: The future. Automotive startup Aptera Motors has also adopted the connector standard in its vehicles. Other automakers, such as Stellantis and Volkswagen have not made an announcement. To meet European Union (EU) requirements on recharging points, Tesla vehicles sold in the EU are equipped with a CCS Combo 2 port. Both the North America and the EU port take 480 V DC fast charging through Tesla's network of Superchargers , which variously use NACS and CCS charging connectors. Depending on
2790-405: The general physical, electrical, communication, and performance requirements for EV charging systems used in North America, as part of standard SAE J1772 , initially developed in 2001. SAE J1772 defines four levels of charging, two levels each for AC and DC supplies; the differences between levels are based upon the power distribution type, standards and maximum power. AC charging stations connect
2852-515: The handbook) was permanently wired and fastened at a fixed location under NEC-1999. It also required grounding and ground-fault protection; in addition, it required an interlock to prevent vehicle startup during charging and a safety breakaway for the cable and connector. A 40 A breaker (125% of continuous maximum supply current) was required to protect the branch circuit. For convenience and speedier charging, many early EVs preferred that owners and operators install Level 2 charging equipment, which
2914-628: The largest public charging networks in Australia were in the capital cities of Perth and Melbourne , with around 30 stations (7 kW AC) established in both cities – smaller networks exist in other capital cities. In India, public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are commonly located street-side and at retail shopping centers, government facilities, and other parking areas. Private charging stations are typically found at residences, workplaces, and hotels. Several Indian companies are actively developing and managing EV charging infrastructure across
2976-426: The maximum charging power due to limitations of the battery or battery management system , charging losses (which can be as high as 25% ), and vary over time due to charging limits applied by a charge controller . The usable battery capacity of a first-generation electric vehicle, such as the original Nissan Leaf, was about 20 kilowatt-hours (kWh), giving it a range of about 100 mi (160 km). Tesla
3038-475: The original hotel had 128 rooms; an expansion was completed in October 2015 with the opening of an additional hotel tower with 109 deluxe rooms and luxury suites increasing hotel accommodations to a total of 237 rooms and suites. In 1932, The Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians purchased the reservation with their share of proceeds from a forced eviction from the area now containing El Capitan Reservoir . The Viejas tribe
3100-506: The power when the EV is not charging. The two main types of safety sensors: Sensor wires react more quickly, have fewer parts to fail, and are possibly less expensive to design and implement. Current sensors however can use standard connectors and can allow suppliers to monitor or charge for the electricity actually consumed. Longer drives require a network of public charging stations. In addition, they are essential for vehicles that lack access to
3162-399: The premises wiring to the electric vehicle", including "conductors ... electric vehicle connectors, attachment plugs, and all other fittings, devices, power outlets, or apparatuses". Tesla, Inc. uses the term charging station as the location of a group of chargers, and the term connector for an individual EVSE. The National Electric Transportation Infrastructure Working Council (IWC)
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#17328590077723224-418: The round pin-and-sleeve (Yazaki) connector as its standard implementation, and the rectangular Avcon butt connector was rendered obsolete. Charging time depends on the battery's capacity, power density, and charging power. The larger the capacity, the more charge the battery can hold (analogous to the size of a fuel tank). Higher power density allows the battery to accept more charge per unit time (the size of
3286-742: The tank opening). Higher charging power supplies more energy per unit time (analogous to a pump's flow rate). An important downside of charging at fast speeds is that it also adds stress to the mains electricity grid. The California Air Resources Board specified a target minimum range of 150 miles (240 km) to qualify as a zero-emission vehicle , and further specified that the vehicle should allow for fast-charging. Charge time can be calculated as: Charging Time (h) = Battery capacity (kWh) Charging power (kW) {\displaystyle {\text{Charging Time (h)}}={\frac {\text{Battery capacity (kWh)}}{\text{Charging power (kW)}}}} The effective charging power can be lower than
3348-687: The term has been adopted by the hospitality industry for global use. In August 2018, the Queensland government was set to invite investors to register their interest in developing an Integrated Resort Development in the Gold Coast. This comes after a proposed development on the Gold Coast Spit ended on 1 August 2017. In June 2021, the Integrated Resort Development Act 1987 was updated. The City of Dreams Mediterranean , developed by
3410-606: The vehicle's onboard charging circuitry directly to the AC supply. Commonly, though incorrectly, called "Level 3" charging based on the older NEC-1999 definition, DC charging is categorized separately in the SAE standard. In DC fast-charging, grid AC power is passed through an AC-to-DC converter in the station before reaching the vehicle's battery, bypassing any AC-to-DC converter on board the vehicle. Additional standards released by SAE for charging include SAE J3068 (three-phase AC charging, using
3472-439: Was completed and unveiled January 2018. The Willows was an award winning hospitality project. A 410-stall charging station and the hotel facilities are served by 15 MW solar panels (including a car park) and 60 MWh aqueous zinc batteries and 10 MWh vanadium flow batteries . This microgrid is partly funded with a $ 72.8 million loan package from United States Department of Energy Loan Programs Office, and $ 43.3 million from
3534-496: Was connected to the EV either through an inductive paddle ( Magne Charge ) or a conductive connector ( Avcon ). Level 3 charging equipment used an off-vehicle rectifier to convert the input AC power to DC, which was then supplied to the vehicle. At the time it was written, the 1999 NEC handbook anticipated that Level 3 charging equipment would require utilities to upgrade their distribution systems and transformers. The Society of Automotive Engineers ( SAE International ) defines
3596-566: Was formed in 1991 by the Electric Power Research Institute with members drawn from automotive manufacturers and the electric utilities to define standards in the United States; early work by the IWC led to the definition of three levels of charging in the 1999 National Electric Code (NEC) Handbook. Under the 1999 NEC, Level 1 charging equipment (as defined in the NEC handbook but not in
3658-404: Was later removed. The addition of the new hotel, the Willows Hotel & Spa was completed by February 2018. The new luxury hotel tower is for adults only (21+) and has 159 suites, a spa, fitness center , upscale dining options, and an expanded gaming area. The renovation also included a high-limit gaming area. On August 31, 2011, the Viejas tribe announced plans to add a 150-room luxury hotel to
3720-535: Was required to accommodate a liquid-cooled vehicle inlet charge port; the smaller paddle (introduced in 2000) interfaced with an air-cooled inlet instead. SAE J1773, which described the technical requirements for inductive paddle coupling, was first issued in January 1995, with another revision issued in November 1999. The influential California Air Resources Board adopted the conductive connector as its standard on 28 June 2001, based on lower costs and durability, and
3782-662: Was selected in May 2019 and tested at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in September 2020. Thirteen manufacturers participated in the test, which checked the coupling and thermal performance of seven vehicle inlets and eleven charger connectors. The final connector requirements and specification was adopted in December 2021 as MCS connector version 3.2. With support from Portland General Electric , on 21 April 2021 Daimler Trucks North America opened
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#17328590077723844-418: Was the first company to introduce longer-range vehicles, initially releasing their Model S with battery capacities of 40 kWh, 60 kWh and 85 kWh, with the latter lasting for about 480 km (300 mi). As of 2022 plug-in hybrid vehicles typically had an electric range of 15 to 60 miles (24–97 km). Batteries are charged with DC power. To charge from the AC power supplied by
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