A shout , ring shout , Hallelujah march or victory march is a Christian religious practice in which worshipers move in a circle while praying and clapping their hands, sometimes shuffling and stomping their feet as well. Despite the name, shouting aloud is not an essential part of the ritual march, which varies by congregation and locality.
30-554: Victory March may refer to: Ring shout , a Christian practice associated with the New Birth and Entire Sanctification Notre Dame Victory March , the fight song for the University of Notre Dame Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Victory March . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
60-451: A " shout " (or "praise break"), is practiced in many Pentecostal churches, along with black churches of various denominations, to the present day. Traditionally, ushers in Arkansas and Mississippi form a circle around the church member and allows them to shout within the circle. "Shouting" often took place during or after a Christian prayer meeting or worship service. Men and women moved in
90-441: A circle in a counterclockwise direction, shuffling their feet, clapping, and often spontaneously singing or praying aloud. Robert Palmer states that it "developed with the widespread conversion of slaves to Christianity during the revival fervors of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries." He further writes that the "earliest accounts date from the 1840s; more vivid descriptions from the twentieth century leave little doubt that
120-767: A deeper meaning as the word halel in Hebrew means a joyous praise in song, to boast in God. The second part, Yah , is a shortened form of YHWH , and is a shortened form of his name "God, Jah, or Jehovah". The name ceased to be pronounced in Second Temple Judaism , by the 3rd century BC due to religious beliefs. The correct pronunciation is not known. However, it is sometimes rendered in non-Jewish sources as " Yahweh " or " Jehovah ". The Septuagint translates Yah as Kyrios (the L ORD , stylized in all-capitals in English), because of
150-460: A joyous praise in song. The second part, Yah, is a shortened form of YHWH ( Yahweh or Jehovah in modern English). In the Hebrew Bible hallelujah is actually a two-word phrase, hal(e)lu-Yah , and not one word. The first part, hallu , is the second-person imperative masculine plural form of the Hebrew verb hillel . The phrase "hallelujah" translates to "praise Jah/Yah", though it carries
180-610: A large African American membership. Hallelujah marches are associated with the Baptist , Methodist (especially in congregations aligned with the holiness movement ), and Pentecostal branches of Christianity. Hallelujah marches have a strong association with Christian tent meetings and camp meetings , in which the New Birth and entire sanctification are promulgated. They have been practiced by Christians of various ethnic and racial backgrounds. A more modern form, known still as
210-743: Is an interjection from the Hebrew language, used as an expression of gratitude to God. The term is used 24 times in the Tanakh (in the book of Psalms ), twice in deuterocanonical books , and four times in the Christian Book of Revelation . The phrase is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer, where since the earliest times it is used in various ways in liturgies , especially those of
240-478: Is frequently spoken to express happiness that a thing hoped or waited for has happened. An example is its use in the song " Get Happy ". " Hallelujah " was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1979 , performed in Hebrew by Milk and Honey , including Gali Atari , for Israel . Leonard Cohen 's 1984 song "Hallelujah" was initially rejected by Columbia Records for lacking commercial appeal,
270-745: Is this usage that Charles Jennens extracted for the Hallelujah Chorus in Handel 's Messiah . This transliteration is the basis of the alternative Latin transliteration "Alleluia" that is also used by Christians. The word "hallelujah" is sung as part of the Hallel Psalms (interspersed between Psalms 113–150). In Tractate Shabbat of the Talmud, Rabbi Yose is quoted as saying that the Pesukei dezimra Psalms should be recited daily. Psalms 145–150, also known as
300-550: The Bakongo , Igbos , Yoruba , Ibibio , Efik , Bahumono . A minority of scholars have suggested that the ritual may have originated among enslaved Muslims from West Africa as an imitation of tawaf , the mass procession around the Kaaba that is an essential part of the Hajj . If so, the word "shout" may come from Arabic shawṭ , meaning "a single run", such as a single circumambulation of
330-695: The Book of Psalms ( 104–106 , 111–117 , 135 , 145–150 ), but twice in Psalm 150 :6. It starts and concludes a number of Psalms. The Greek transliteration ἀλληλούϊα ( allēlouia ) appears in the Septuagint version of these Psalms, in Tobit 13:17 and 3 Maccabees 7:13 , and four times in Revelation 19:1–6 , the great song of praise to God for his triumph over the Whore of Babylon . It
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#1732855957943360-637: The Catholic Church , the Lutheran Churches and the Eastern Orthodox Church , the three of which use the Latin form alleluia which is based on the alternative Greek transliteration. Hallelujah is a transliteration of Hebrew : הַלְלוּ יָהּ ( hallū yāh ), which means "praise ye Jah!" (from הַלְלוּ , "praise ye!" and יָהּ , "Jah".) The word hallēl in Hebrew means
390-427: The Hallel of pesukei dezimra , are included to fulfill this requirement in the liturgy for the traditional Jewish Shacharit (morning) service. In addition, on the three Pilgrimage Festivals , the new moon and Hanukkah , Psalms 113-118 are recited. The latter psalms are known simply as Hallel with no additional qualification. Psalms 146:10 , ending with Halleluja, is the third and final biblical quotation in
420-557: The Kedushah . This expanded version of the third blessing in the Amidah is said during the Shacharit and Mincha (morning and afternoon) services when there is a minyan present. For most Christians , "Hallelujah" is considered a joyful word of praise to God, rather than an injunction to praise him. The word " Alleluia ", a Latin derivative of the Hebrew phrase "Hallelujah" has been used in
450-473: The 1840s, where the ring shout was described as being a form of revivalistic Christian worship. Certain authors claim that the ring shout may be inspired by cultural practices in Africa that became incorporated as a part of Christian worship and imbued with new theological meaning. Ring shouts may occur when a congregant experienced the New Birth or became entirely sanctified . Ring shouts may also occur when
480-419: The Christian ring shout may be assumed to be derived from African dance, and scholars usually point out the presence of melodic elements such as call-and-response singing and heterophony, as well as rhythmic elements such as tresillo and "hamboned" rhythm , and aesthetic elements such as counter-clockwise dancing and ecstasy, which makes the ring shouts of Christianity similar to ceremonies among people like
510-450: The Jewish custom of replacing the sacred name with " Adonai ", meaning "my Lord". The linguist Ghil'ad Zuckermann argues that the word Hallelujah is usually not replaced by a praise God! translation due to the belief in iconicity : the perception that there is something intrinsic about the relationship between the sound of the word and its meaning. הַלְלוּיָהּ is found in 24 verses in
540-658: The Kaaba, or an open space of ground for running. Sterling Stuckey in his book, Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory & the Foundations of Black America (1987, ISBN 0195042654 ) argues that ring shout was a unifying element of Africans in American colonies, from which field hollers , work songs , and spirituals evolved, followed by blues and jazz. In his article, "Ring Shout! Literary Studies, Historical Studies, and Black Music Inquiry", Samuel A. Floyd Jr. argues that many of
570-825: The congregation perceives the presence of the Holy Spirit during worship. African slaves in the West Indies and the United States partook in ring shouts upon their conversion to Christianity . The ring shout was has been practiced in some Black churches into the 20th century, and it continues to the present among the Gullah people of the Sea Islands and in "singing and praying bands" associated with many Methodist congregations in Tidewater Maryland and Delaware , which have
600-493: The dancing and stamping constituted a kind of drumming, especially when worshipers had a wooden church floor to stamp on." Ring shouts have often used as an act of praise when a person accepts the message of Christianity. As such, they are also known as "Hallelujah Marches", with the word Hallelujah meaning "Praise Jahweh". The term "Victory March" has been used to reference the Christian concept of actively serving God and living victoriously over sin. In Jamaica and Trinidad
630-666: The early 1900s and spreading to various denominations and churches thereafter, it is still primarily practiced among Christians of West African descent. The ring shout continues today in Georgia with the McIntosh County Shouters . Hallelujah Hallelujah ( / ˌ h æ l ə ˈ l uː j ə / HAL -ə- LOO -yə ; Biblical Hebrew : הַלְלוּ־יָהּ , romanized: hallū-Yāh , Modern Hebrew : הַלְּלוּ־יָהּ , romanized : halləlū-Yāh , lit. 'praise Yah ')
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#1732855957943660-513: The expressions of "Hallelujah" and "Praise the Lord" are used by Christians as spontaneous expressions of joy, thanksgiving and praise towards God. In contemporary worship services across denominational lines, the use of these jubilatory phrases require no specific prompting or call or direction from those leading times of praise and singing. In Methodist worship, "Hallelujah!" is a frequently used ejaculatory prayer . In modern English, "Hallelujah"
690-411: The first written accounts of the ring shout date from the 1840s, during the pinnacle of Christian revivalism. The stamping on the church floor and clapping in a circle was described as a kind of "drumming," and 19th-century writers described it as accompanying the conversion of slaves to Christianity. The ring shout gained ground among Methodists of the holiness movement . Certain authors posit that
720-411: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victory_March&oldid=1235131238 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ring shout The earliest accounts of the practice date to
750-632: The ring include, but are not limited to, Afro-American burial music of New Orleans, the Blues, the Afro-American Symphony , as well as the music that has accompanied various dance forms also present in Afro-American culture. The ring shout has developed into the modern " shout " (or "praise break") tradition now seen across the globe. Though augmented and interracialized by the Pentecostal tradition in
780-651: The same manner, though in Christian liturgy , the "Alleluia" specifically refers to a traditional chant, combining the word with verses from the Psalms or other scripture. In the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church , and in many older Protestant denominations, such as the Lutheran Churches , the Alleluia, along with the Gloria in excelsis Deo , is not spoken or sung in liturgy during
810-705: The season of Lent , instead being replaced by a Lenten acclamation , while in Eastern Churches , Alleluia is chanted throughout Lent at the beginning of the Matins service, replacing the Theos Kyrios , which is considered more joyful. At the Easter service and throughout the Pentecostarion , Christos anesti is used in the place where Hallelujah is chanted in the western rite expressing happiness. In day-to-day situations,
840-401: The shout was usually performed around a special second altar near the center of a church building. In the Sea Islands of Georgia and South Carolina, shouters formed a circle outdoors, around the church building itself. In some cases, enslaved people retreated into the woods at night to perform shouts, often for hours at a time, with participants leaving the circle as they became exhausted. In
870-452: The stylistic elements observed during the ring shout later laid the foundations of various black music styles developed during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. According to Floyd, "...all of the defining elements of black music are present in the ring...". These basic elements of ring shouts included calls, cries, and hollers; blue notes ; call-and-response ; and various rhythmic aspects. Examples of black music that would evolve from
900-593: The twentieth century, churchgoers (especially those of the Methodist and Pentecostal traditions) in the United States performed shouts by forming a circle around the pulpit , in the space in front of the altar, or around the nave . Ring shouts were sometimes held in honour of the dead. This custom has been practiced by traditional bands of carnival revelers in New Orleans . According to musicologist Robert Palmer ,
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