97-490: Velachery is a neighborhood of Chennai. It is located in the southern part of the Chennai city sharing borders with Guindy in the north, Taramani in the east, Perungudi in the south-east, Pallikaranai in the south, Madipakkam in south-west, Adambakkam in the west and north-west. It is the headquarters of Velachery taluk and straddles the boundary between Chennai and Kancheepuram districts . Velachery has it origin in
194-607: A Siva temple in northern Tamil Nadu and named it Kadaremkonda Cholaeswarem. Following Rajendra's victories in the wars on the Indian mainland and near-overseas, he built two "magnificent & gigantic temples completely out of Granite stone" as living monuments of his forces' great valour and superior status in this region, which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage Series . The two granite temples were built to commemorate their triumphs far overseas and as monuments of
291-412: A hot battle; Takkaṇalāḍam, whose fame reached (all) directions, (and which he occupied) after having forcibly attacked Raṇaśura; Vangāḷa-deśā, where the rain water never stopped, (and from which) Gōvindacandra fled, having descended (from his) male elephant; elephants of rare strength, women and treasure, (which he seized) after having been pleased to put to flight in a hot battlefield the strong Mahipāla by
388-507: A large army into Anuradhapura and captured Mahinda's crown, queen and daughter, a vast amount of wealth and the king himself, whom Rajendra took to India as a prisoner to India, where he died in exile in 1029. 11–12 years after the Chola conquest of Rohana, Prince Kassapa, son of Mahinda, hid in Rohana, where Chola forces unsuccessfully searched for him. Soon after the death of Mahinda, Kassapa assumed
485-571: A large fleet of ships with Chola warriors was sent to Sri Vijaya, Palembang in southern Sumatra, which was captured. After that, the fleet captured the adjacent settlement Malaiyur. From there, the fleet sailed to the nearby island Bangha and captured Mevilibangham. The fleet then sailed to Pannai , on the eastern Sumatran mainland, followed by Ilamuridesam in northern Sumatra. The forces next sailed to Malaysia and captured Vallaipandur in modern-day north-east Malaysia and Kadarem in north-west Malaysia. From here, Rajendra's forces sailed north and captured
582-499: A large heap of family-treasures with many (other) treasures (which he carried away), after having conquered Indraratha of the ancient race of the moon, together with (his) family, in a fight which took place at Ādinagar, (a city) whose fame knew no decline; Oḍḍa- viṣaya which was difficult of approach on account of its dense forest defence; the good Kōśalai-nāḍu where Brahmins assembled; Taṇḍabutti in whose gardens bees abounded, (land which he acquired) after having destroyed Dharmapāla (in)
679-465: A separate assembly constituency the woes of its residents are expected to be mitigated at a faster pace. Several IT/ITES companies have set up their offices in Velachery. Some major ones include Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), ZOHO Corp, AllSec Technologies . Laptopstore, Fyndus, TeleData and Sutherland Global Services. IT and working-class people prefer to settle in Velachery as more IT parks emerge on
776-484: A similar difficulty; he had to contend with the hostility of local chiefs who regarded him as a more-significant threat than the Cholas to their independence. For that reason, the Cholas recruited nominal support from rebel chiefs in Rohana. Vijayabahu needed help consolidating a firm territorial base from which to launch a decisive campaign against the Cholas. On another front, the Cholas needed to eliminate similar opposition in
873-513: A title of Rajaraja. Chola official Tali Kumaran erected a Siva temple called Rajarajeshvara ("Lord of Rajaraja") in the town Mahatittha – modern Mantota, Mannar – which was renamed Rajaraja-pura. Chola-occupied territories on the island were named Mummudicholamandalam after Mummudi Chola or Rajaraja I, Rajendra's father. During his reign, Rajendra's father Rajaraja I annexed the Kingdom of Anuradhapura in northern Sri Lanka. Rajendra invaded
970-414: A younger brother named Araiyan Rajarajan, who became a commanding general of a Chola army, and at least three sisters; the younger sister was Kundavai (not to be confused with Kundavai Pirattiyar ), the queen of Chalukya-Vimaladitya; and a daughter called Mahadevi. Other significant members of the royal household include queen mother Dantisakti Vitanki—alias Lokamahadevi. The nakshatra of Rajendra's birth
1067-453: Is being constructed underneath the 6 lane road connecting Velachery with Taramani . This project is funded by the world bank. 3. Construction of twin flyovers at the busy Vijayanagar junction in Velachery. The busy Vijayanagar junction in Velachery is to dot with twin multilevel flyovers that connects three arterial roads namely Velachery-Tambaram main road, 100 feet bypass road and Taramani link road. These flyovers would bring much relief to
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#17328553710951164-446: Is found in Velachery. As in other contemporary Madras regions, the Velachery epigraphs attest to the remarkable system of local administration systems under Pallavas and Cholas of Tamilakam . There was harmonious functioning of the institutions of central government along vast network of village 'sabaikal'/'sabhas' or assemblies which enjoyed considerable local autonomy and which were the real guardians of villages. The functioning of
1261-726: Is headquarters of Ashok Leyland This junction serves as the entry point to the city limits from the suburbs. It is surrounded by Saidapet in the North, Kotturpuram and Adyar towards the East, Velachery in the South, Adambakkam and Alandur in the South-West, Parangimalai in the West and Ekkatutthangal in the North-West. Guindy is home to many important landmarks in the city, the most famous amongst them being
1358-410: Is that the recent rapid developments has also resulted in a few drawbacks, such as water scarcity , congestion of roads and the damage to the marshland. It is feared that in a few years unless something substantial is done, the marshlands would all be converted into residential and commercial properties. Every November, Velachery is flooded by cyclonic rains. The major areas that are usually flooded are
1455-552: Is the infrastructure. Even though most of the regions in Velachery are flood prone, major investments have gone in to improve the storm water drain network in the locality. The corporation has also invested in rail and road connectivity to Velachery from the central business districts of Chennai. Some major infrastructure projects which are being executed by the Chennai Corporation in Velachery are, 1. MRTS extension connecting Velachery with St. Thomas Mount . The extension of
1552-553: The Chera and Pandiya vassal states, and in Sri Lanka . As Emperor, Rajendra completed the conquest of Anuradhapura and brought a large portion of Sri Lanka under imperial rule. Rajendra expanded Chola rule by defeating the kingdoms of Kalinga and Vengai , and subduing the islands of Laccadives and the Maldives , which he renamed Munnir Palantivu Pannirayiram ("Twelve Thousand Islands and
1649-511: The Ganges ' ), and Kadaram Kondan (Middle Tamil: Kaṭāram Koṇṭāṉ ; lit. ' Conqueror of Kedah ' ), was a Chola Emperor who reigned from 1014 and 1044 CE. He was born in Thanjavur to Rajaraja I . His queen was Vanavan Mahadevi and he assumed royal power as co-regent with his father in 1012 until his father died in 1014, when Rajendra ascended to the Chola throne. During his reign,
1746-559: The Guindy National Park . It also serves as a main hub for several small and medium scale industries ( Guindy Thiru Vi Ka Estate ). Transportation to/from the neighborhood is catered by Guindy railway station and Guindy metro station . The precise origin of the word is unclear. According to regional Hindu tradition, the sage Bhringi is said to have performed penance on the Parangimalai hill, before which he had to circumambulate
1843-512: The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa in the south in 1017. Chola raids were launched southwards from Rajarata into Rohana. By his fifth year, Rajendra claimed to have completely conquered the island. The whole of Anuradhapura, including the south-eastern province Rohana, was incorporated into the Chola Empire. According to the Sinhalese chronicle Mahavamsa , the conquest of Anuradhapura was completed in
1940-672: The Malacca and Sunda Straits , the Malacca Strait's north-west opening was controlled from Kedah on the Malay Peninsula side and from Pannai on the Sumatran side. In 1025 CE, Rajendra's Chola forces crossed the Indian Ocean and invaded Srivijaya, attacking several places in modern-day Malaysia and Indonesia. The Cholas sacked the capital Kadaram and Pannai on Sumatra, and Malaiyur on
2037-497: The Pandya and Chera Perumal kingdoms. He appointed one of his sons as viceroy with the title Jatavarman Sundara Chola-Pandya with Madurai as the headquarters in charge of both Pandya and Chera/Kerala. Rajendra Chola I fought several battles with Western Chalukyas . From 992 CE to 1008 CE, during the reign of Rajaraja I, Rajendra raided and annexed several towns, such as Rattepadi, Banavasi and Toanur. In 1015, Jayasimha II became
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#17328553710952134-459: The Sinhalese monarchy as Kassapa VI – also known as Vikramabahu – and reigned in Rohana from 1029 to 1040 while attempting to organise a campaign of liberation and unification. He became the king of Rohana after the 11–12 years of Chola rule in Rohana. Taking advantage of uprisings in the Pandya and Chera kingdoms,which seems to have no effect in this conflict, 2 Sinhala dandanayakas by
2231-494: The Tamil words வேளர் ( Velar ) meaning farmers or வேளிர் ( Velir ) from the name of older Tamilakam tribe and the word சேரி ( Cheri ) meaning community. The name Veli Cheri is found in an inscription at Selliamman temple dating to the period of Cholas . புலியூர் கோட்டம் வெளிச்சேரியில் உள்ள ஊர் சபையோர் காளாபடாரி கோயிலுக்கு ஒரு நந்தா விளக்கெரிக்கவும் இரண்டு திருவமிர்துக்கும் சேர்த்து நிலம் தானமாக அளித்துள்ளனர் Another theory states that
2328-517: The 36th year of the reign of the Sinhalese monarch Mahinda V – about 1017 to 1018. But the Cholas never consolidated their control over the south of the island, which lacked large, prosperous settlements to tempt long-term Chola occupation. Under Rajendra, the Chola's predatory expansion in Sri Lanka approached a point of diminishing returns. According to the Culavamsa and Karandai plates, Rajendra led
2425-634: The Chola Empire during the reign of Rajaraja Chola I, leading to Mara Vijayatungavarman building the Chudamani Vihara in Nagapattinam . Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman succeeded Mara. Khmer Emperor Suryavarman I started a war against the kingdom of Tambralinga on the Malay Peninsula , and requested aid from Rajendra. After learning of Suryavarman's alliance with Rajendra, Tambralinga requested aid from Srivijaya, which Sangrama granted. This led to
2522-623: The Chola Empire reached its zenith in the Indian subcontinent ; it extended its reach via trade and conquest across the Indian Ocean , making Rajendra one of only a few Indian monarchs who conquered territory beyond South Asia. In his early years, Rajendra was involved in the Chola Army , with which he fought in several campaigns against the Western Chalukyas and the rulers of Anuradhapura , earning him his first victories. He quelled rebellions in
2619-515: The Chola Empire. After his successful campaign for the Ganges river in North India, Rajendra gained the title Gangaikonda Chola (The Chola who took the Ganges river). After his successful South-East Asian campaign, he gained the title "Kadaram Kondan" (He who took Kedah). He inherited the title Mummudi Cholan (Chola with three crowns) from his father Mummudi , a title used by Tamil kings who ruled
2716-793: The Chola army. According to the Siddhantasaravali of Trilocana Sivacharya, many Shaivite Brahmins from Bengal were taken to Chola country, where Rajendra granted them lands. They eventually settled in Kanchipuram and the Cauvery Delta , forming the Sivacharya community. Srivijaya was a kingdom centred in Palembang , Sumatra , and was ruled by the Sailendra dynasty . During the reign of Mara Vijayatungavarman , Srivijaya had cordial relations with
2813-505: The Chola invasion of the Srivijiya Empire. This belligerence were partly influenced by religion; the Chola and Khmer Empire were Hindu Shaivites , while Tambralinga and Srivijaya Empires were Mahayana Buddhists . The Cholas are known to have benefitted from both piracy and foreign trade. Sometimes, Chola naval expeditions led to plunder and conquest as far as South-east Asia. While Srivijaya controlled two major naval choke points
2910-446: The Chola military. These networks also extended west; the Cholas engaged in the spice trade with Arabia , North Africa , Anatolia and Turkic peoples . Rajendra Chola I was succeeded by his son Rajadhiraja I , who ruled from 1044 to 1054. The exact birth date of Rajendra I is unknown; it is speculated he was born around 971 CE. He was the son of Rajaraja I and queen Vanathi, who is also called Thiripuvāna Mādēviyār. Rajendra had
3007-802: The Chola's achievements in South-East Asia and the high status of the Medieval Chola Empire in the world history of that period (1025 CE). Rajendra led campaigns from 1002 CE; these include the conquest of the Rashtrakutas and the campaigns against the Western Chalukyas . He conquered the Chalukyan territories of Yedatore – a large part of Raichur district between the Krishna and the Tungabhadra rivers – Banavasi in north-western Mysore and
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3104-696: The Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the great Gangaikonda Choleswarer temple, and the sacred Cholagangam Tank at the Udaiyar Palaiyam region of Ariyalur district. In the temple " Gangaikonda Cholaeswarem " he built, the presiding deity of the Karuvarai (Sanctum Sanctorum) called the "Gangaikonda Cholaeswarer" also known as "Peruvudaiyar" – the God Siva in the form of Lingam, the biggest Lingam among the Siva Temples in
3201-650: The Ganges river. In Kalinga, the Chola forces defeated Indraratha, ruler of the Somavamsi dynasty . Rajendra accepted the help of the Paramaras and the Kalachuris, with whom Indraratha had a bitter enmity, and Rajendra took advantage of this situation. The combined armies defeated Indraprastha, who was probably killed. The Chola army eventually reached the Pala kingdom of Bengal, where they defeated Mahipala . The Chola army also defeated
3298-451: The Gangetic expedition. Rajendra commenced the construction of a new city named "Gangaikonda Cholapuram", with a new Siva temple named "Gangaikonda Cholaeswarem" and a large temple water tank called "Chola Gangam", where the holy water brought from the Ganges river was mixed. The Essalam Copper Plates of Rajendra state with the conquest of the Gangetic region, Rajendra constructed the new city of
3395-480: The House of Lambakanna II. By the age of seventeen, he had defeated his most-potent rivals in Rohana and was anxious to take on the Cholas. The crisis in the country left a few scattered, turbulent chiefs and intractable rebels whose allegiance, if any, was at best opportunistic, which proved a problem to both sides in the conflict, frustrating both the Sinhalese kings and the Cholas. Vijayabahu, from his base in Rohana, faced
3492-645: The Indian mainland when he was a co-regent for his father in an expedition in 1012 with the capture of Aduthurai in modern-day central Tamil Nadu and Vanavasi in western Tamil Nadu. He then directed his attention to Kollipaakkai in northern Andhra Pradesh and captured it in 1013. In 1014, Rajendra led a war against the Irratiapaadi ElaraIiakam in northern Karnataka and southern Maharashtra . He also captured its capital city Mannaikadakkam or Maleked on behalf of his father, which met this reversal after its initial capture by Rajaraja Cholan in 1006. With
3589-400: The Indian mainland, became more ambitious in conquering the northern and north-western parts of India. He commenced his war expedition in this direction in 1021, capturing Sakkarakkoattam in the south of Chhattisgarh . Then, he sent part of his forces to the Ganges river in the north and the other in a north-westerly direction. At the same time, he stationed himself at Sakkarakkoattam until
3686-588: The Kedah king at the request of the Srivijayan Maharaja, and Kedah accepted Srivijayan sovereignty. Rajendra I died in 1044 in Brahmadesam, present-day Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu. Rajendra's son Rajadhiraja I recorded this information in an inscription, which states Rajendra's queen Viramahadevi committed sati upon her husband's death. Her remains were interred in the same tomb at Brahmadesam. It adds
3783-648: The King of Lamuri in north Sumatra. The Chola invasion led to the fall of the Sailendra Dynasty of Srivijaya also coincided with the return voyage of the Buddhist scholar Atiśa from Sumatra to India in 1025. Despite the devastation, the Srivijaya mandala survived because the Chola attack was short and only meant to plunder so the invasion failed to install direct administration over Srivijaya. This invasion severely weakened
3880-523: The MRTS from Velachery to St. Thomas Mount is a long pending project which faced severe hardships since the last 0.5 km (0.31 mi) stretch of land is to be acquired from densely populated residential localities of St. Thomas Mount . This project is likely to be completed soon, as the link is crucial to realize the maximum usage of the MRTS. 2. Construction of storm water drain connecting Velachery with South Buckingham canal. The storm water drain network
3977-640: The Malay Peninsula. Rajendra also invaded Tambralinga and the Gangga Nagara Kingdom in modern-day Malaysia and southern Thailand. Chola forces captured the last ruler of the Sailendra Dynasty Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman . The Chola invasion was the end of Srivijaya. Srivijaya's maritime power declined under the Chola attack. Chola forces conquered large portions of Srivijaya, including its ports Ligor , Kedah and Tumasik (now Singapore). The Chola invasion furthered
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4074-532: The Ocean Where Three Waters Meet"). These islands were later used as strategic naval bases. During his South-East Asia campaign , he annexed Srivijaya , Kedah , Tambralinga and Pegu , achieving imperial dominance in the region and strengthening Indian influence in Southeast Asia . Rajendra conducted a war against the Pala dynasty and captured a great deal of wealth, which he used to build
4171-634: The Old Mahabalipuram road and its proximity to the Central Business Districts of Chennai. This part of Chennai was considered to be socio-economically backwards a decade ago, but the area has changed rapidly after a string of key residential projects. The standard of living in and around Velachery has increased considerably. Phoenix Market City was opened in January 2013 at Velachery is one of India's Biggest shopping Malls Further, The Grand Mall
4268-472: The Srivijaya court, and in 1067, a Chola prince named Divakara or Devakala was sent as a Srivijayan ambassador to the Imperial Court of China. The prince, who was the nephew of Rajendra Chola, was enthroned in 1070 as Kulothunga Chola I . During the Kedah rebellion, Srivijaya asked the Cholas for help. In 1068, Virarajendra Chola launched a naval raid to help Srivijaya reclaim Kedah. Virarajendra reinstated
4365-501: The Srivijayan hegemony, and enabled the formation of regional kingdoms like Kahuripan and its successor Kediri , in Java , which were based on agriculture rather than coastal and long-distance trade. Sri Deva was enthroned as the new king and trading activities resumed. Deva sent an embassy to the court of China in 1028. The invasion was not followed by direct Cholan occupation, and the region
4462-463: The adjacent settlement Ilankasokam in south-east Thailand, followed by Mathamalingam, eastern Thailand and Thalaitakkolam in south-west Thailand. From here, the fleet departed to India, en route capturing Manakkavaarem in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands , the southern Myanmar (Burma) seaport city Magpapaalam, and returned to Chola country. The Chola south-east Asian expedition ended in 1024, and details of
4559-572: The airport is via the Inner Ring Road (IRR) which is less traffic prone. The other way is to go via Guindy using the GST- Anna Salai (Mount Road) route which is more traffic prone and it is the longest route. There are direct Volvo buses between the airport and Velachery operated by MTC. Autos (Indian Taxi) and Taxicab ply between Airport and Velachery at a nominal cost of ₹ 200-250 (US$ 4–5). MTC buses also ply on this route but one has to break
4656-414: The capital Manyakheta . Rajendra erected a Siva temple at Bhatkal . He also conquered Kollipakkai, located north of Hyderabad in present-day Telangana . An excerpt from an inscription in Tamil from Kolar states: In the eighth year of the reign of Kopparakesarivanmar sri Rajendra Sola Deva, who, while the goddess of Fortune, having become constant, increased, and while the goddess of the great Earth,
4753-602: The city of Gangaikondacholapuram , the capital of the Chola Empire , and one of the centers of trade and commerce in the empire for several centuries. The city was remarkable for its artificial lake, extensive fortifications, moats surrounding the imperial palace, and the Brihadisvara Temple . Rajendra was a follower of Shaivism but welcomed Buddhism and built several stupas across South-East Asia and South India. New forms of trade emerged during Rajendra's reign such as
4850-628: The city. Station Code: VLCY -- Velachery is well connected by 5 ft 6 in ( 1,676 mm ) broad gauge rail to the rest of the city through the Velachery MRTS Railway Station . The daily EMU services are operated by the Indian Railways . The second part of the Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) between Tirumailai and Velachery was formally inaugurated by M. Karunanidhi (former CM of Tamil Nadu) in
4947-529: The commercial system called "emporia," this was after the Chola's had gained control of Strait of Malacca and several other coastal areas. Emporia refers to exporting goods according to their demand, arose, making trade within the Empire profitable and helped maintain the Chola military. The Khmer Empire was a major ally and trading partner, and helped the Cholas expand their networks as far as Song China . This link allowed Rajendra to incorporate Chinese vessels into
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#17328553710955044-506: The countries conquered by his forces in the expedition were included in his Meikeerthi's from 1023. With the return of Rajendra Chola's forces to the Chola capital in 1022, the Royal Guru of Rajendra, Isaana Pandithar, built Gangaikonda Cholaeswarer temple at Kulampandel, Tamil Nadu. With his return, Rajendra claimed a new title, "Gangaikondaan", and gave the title "Gangaikonda Cholan" (the Chola who captured Gangai) to his younger brother, who led
5141-482: The death of Rajaraja Cholan I in 1014 CE and the ascension of Rajendra to the Chola throne in the same year. After a lapse of two years, in 1016, Rajendra sent a naval force to Sri Lanka and brought the Anuradhapura Kingdom under his control. Following an expedition to eastern Kerala in 1017, Rajendra captured Kudamalai Nadu. In 1018, Rajendra's forces captured the Maldives and Lakshadweep islands, and
5238-527: The expansion of Tamil merchant associations such as the Manigramam , Ayyavole and Ainnurruvar into South-East Asia, and for the next century, Tamil trading companies from southern India dominated the region. Rajendra's expedition is mentioned in corrupted form as Raja Chulan in the medieval Malay chronicle Sejarah Melaya , and Malay princes have names ending with Cholan or Chulan, such as Raja Chulan of Perak . One record of Rajendra describes him as
5335-482: The four Vedas . (In current times, the Mettu Theru areas of Dhandeeswaram are thought to correspond to the references). In such Brahmadeya villages or Agarams, the lands were held by the village in common on a tenure system known as Ganabhogam, cultivated under joint ownership by the community and the profits shared in proportion to the share held on the land. Another kalvettu mentions a sale of land by non-Brahmins with
5432-412: The goddess of victory in battle and the matchless goddess of Fame, having become his great queens, rejoiced-that in his extended lifetime, conquered with his great war-like army Idaiturai-nadu, Vanavasi shut in by a fence of continuous forests; Kollipakkai, whose walls were surrounded by sulli trees; Mannaikkadakkam whose fortification was unapproachable. In 1018 and 1019 CE, Rajendra invaded and conquered
5529-523: The governor's ceremonial use, there was a glittering coach with prancing horses, accompanied by a bodyguard of Indian troopers with red uniforms, glittering steel accoutrements and pennoned lances. There was also Guindy, a spacious and elegant country home on the outskirts of Madras, surrounded by an extensive park. Nearby were a golf course, hockey pitches, riding stables and the Guindy Horse Racing Track . From May to October each year during
5626-621: The hot season, the Madras Government and its officials, the governor and his family went to Government House in the hill station of Ooty or Ootacamund in the Nilgiri Hills. Rajendra Chola I Rajendra I ( /rɑːdʒeɪndrə/ ; Middle Tamil : Rājēntira Cōḻaṉ; Old Malay : Raja Chulan ; 26 July 971 CE – 1044 CE), often referred to as Rajendra the Great , Gangaikonda Cholan (Middle Tamil: Kaṅkaikoṇṭa Cōḻaṉ ; lit. ' Bringer of
5723-418: The journey and change buses. Velachery is well connected to rest of the city by bus services operated by MTC . Vijayanagar Bus Terminus is the major and biggest bus stand in the Velachery locality from where buses fly to various parts of the city. There are three arterial roads: Velachery Main Road, Taramani Link Road, and Velachery Bypass Road. The Vijayanagar junction is one of the most important junctions in
5820-404: The king erected the Cholaganga tank as a Ganga-jalamayam jayasthambham ("liquid pillar of victory). The Chola expedition to the Ganges had a long-lasting influence. According to R. D. Banerji, a Kannadiga chief who accompanied Araiyan Rajarajan on his campaign settled in Bengal and founded the Sena Dynasty . It is believed the Karnata people of Mithila might have descended from soldiers of
5917-438: The king of Western Chalukyas. He tried to recover the losses suffered by his predecessor Satyashraya , who fled his capital and was later restored to the throne by Raja Raja I as a tribute-paying subordinate. Initially, Jayasimha II was successful because Rajendra was busy with his campaigns in Sri Lanka. In 1021, after the demise of the Eastern Chalukyan king Vimaladitya of Vengi , Jayasimha supported Vijayaditya VII's claim to
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#17328553710956014-407: The lands conquered by his forces in this expedition were included in his Meikeerthan early silver kasu of 1025. With Rajendra's victory over Sri Vijaya(m) of Sumatra in 1023, he built a Siva Temple at Erumbur, Tamil Nadu, and named it Vijayamkonda Cholaeswarem. With his triumph over the Kadaram, Rajendra assumed the new title "Kadaremkondaan", and one of his grandsons who led the Kadaram expedition
6111-526: The last ruler of the Kamboja Pala dynasty , Dharmapala of Dandabhukti. The Chola army went on to raid eastern Bengal – modern-day Bangladesh – defeated Govindachandra of the Chandra dynasty , and invaded the Bastar region. The Tamil praśasti of Rajendra I reads: (He seized) Śakkarakkōţţam, whose warriors were brave; Madura-maṇḍalam destroyed in a trice, the prosperous city of Nāmaṇaik-kōṇam with its dense groves. Pañcap-paḷḷi whose warriors (bore) cruel bows, Māśunideśa with its green fields;
6208-414: The low-lying areas around the Velachery Lake. A floodwater drainage canal was constructed along the Velachery 100-feet (30 m) road. Due to encroachments, some part of the canal in the Velachery-Tambaram high road is not constructed completely. Generally, it is felt that after the canal was built; to a major extent, the flooding problem in many areas along the 100-foot road had decreased substantially. All
6305-529: The name might have its origin from Sanskrit Vedasreni , translated as 'refuge of the Vedas'. The history of Velachery dates back to ninth century CE when it was a small village. Epigraphs indicate that the area was contemporary to other historical townships in the Tondaimandalam region of Tamilakam . The oldest kalvettus in Velachery are in the ancient Selliamman temple from the reigns of Parakesarivarman/ Parantaka Chola (9th century) and Parthivendravarman. The Dhandeeswaram temple contains many epigraphs from
6402-463: The names of Budha and Kiththi massacred the Chola garrisons (on behalf of Kassapa IV) in a 6 month long battle at Palatupana in Rohana. Leftover soldiers of the 95,000-strong Chola army escaped to Pulatthinagara across dhakkina principality. Prince Kassapa IV launched an unsuccessful raid into Pulattinagara but died because of a disease before he could consolidate his power to a second raid into Pulattinagara. A series of non-sinhalese ephemeral aspirants to
6499-401: The nature of the expedition. Early scholars such as V. Venkayya interpreted Rajendra's campaign to "bring the waters of the Ganges into Chola territory" as a pilgrimage to the Ganges river. This theory has been refuted by later historians, the most notable being K. A. Nilakanta Sastri . The military nature of the campaign is suggested by the last line of the Thiruvalangadu plates, which state
6596-442: The neglect of its wetlands. The area was severely affected by flooding in 2015 and continues to experience flooding every November due to the encroachment of the neighbouring Pallikaranai marshland. Over time, the marshland has been encroached upon and has lost 1850 hectares (nearly 75.5% of the total wetland) between 1991-2015 to projects like the Mass Rapid Railway line, the IT corridor, and other infrastructural projects. Due to this,
6693-467: The north. Gradually the wider conflict developed into a prolonged, back-and-forth struggle of raids and counter-raids; the forces of Vijayabahu advanced upon Polonnaruva, and then fell back to fortresses in Dakkhinadesa and Rohana to withstand retaliatory Chola attacks and sieges. Vijayabahu eventually defeated the Cholas and drove them out of the island restoring ancient Sri Lanka's sovereignty. In 1019 CE, Rajendra's forces marched through Kalinga towards
6790-399: The permission of king Rajendra Chola I , indicating that even non-Brahmins held land in the Brahmadeya villages. Velachery is a prominent residential neighbourhood in Chennai, which gained importance as the city expanded in the late 20th century. The American Advent Mission School has been a key educational institution in the area since the 1950s. The transformation of Velachery occurred with
6887-410: The presence of R.Velu (former Union Minister of State for Railways) and this became operational on 15 November 2007. There are EMU services from Chennai Beach to Velachery at a minimum interval of 10 minutes and a maximum of 40 minutes. The first service starts at 0500 hrs and the last service is at 2300 hrs during week-days One of the major reasons for Velachery to become a residential attraction
6984-558: The present-day Kadambavanesvara temple near Erumbur – was built to commemorate the victory of Rajendra's forces over Sri Vijaya and many regions of Sumatra . The Kadaremkonda Cholaeswarem Siva temple in Kudimallur in Vellore district – present-day Bhimeswara temple near Kalavai – was built to commemorate Rajendra's victory over Kadarem and many regions of present-day Malaysia. Rajendra I's overseas war expedition commenced in 1023;
7081-596: The queen's brother Madhuranthaka Parakesari Velan, who was a general in Rajendra's army, constructed a watershed at the same place in memory of his sister. According to the Siddanta Saravali of Trilochana Sivacharya, Rajendra Chola I was a poet who composed hymns to praise the god Siva. A commentary on the same work says Rajendra brought several Saivas from the banks of the Ganges river and settled them in Kanchi and across
7178-473: The regions surrounding the hillock, considered as an abode of Shiva . The place where he completed the circumambulation and left his kindi (vessel) before starting the journey to the hilltop is said to have been named as kiṇḍi , and later the region's name was anglicized as Guindy during the British Raj . Guindy is well connected by road and train services. Many buses ply through Guindy and connect it to
7275-633: The residential colonies that are lying south of Taramani link road were flooded during the floods of 2008, which were of moderate intensity. A major storm water drain project running all through the Taramani Link road from Vijayanagar bus stand in Velachery connecting South Buckingham canal is in progress. This project which is funded by the World Bank , is expected to bring much relief to the residents of flood-prone Velachery. The residential area of Velachery in Chennai serves as an example of flooding because of
7372-458: The rest of Chennai. It is also well connected by the trains with Chennai Suburban Railway and Chennai Metro . Guindy is also located 10 km away from the airport. The governor lived in Government House, Fort St. George, a palatial residence with numerous servants, and had an official Daimler car at his disposal. There was a head butler called Muniswami, who ruled with a rod of iron. For
7469-457: The rulers in battle. Vengi was later the site of the coronation of Rajendra's nephew following his victories in the Chola expedition to North India . Under his father Rajaraja I, Rajendra Chola I's commander Vallavaraiyan Vandiyadevan commanded an army that invaded Sri Lanka and sacked the capital city Anuradhapura . The new Chola capital was at Polonnaruwa , which was renamed "Jananathamangalam",
7566-535: The sabaikal in places like Velachery, Kunrattur, Thirumazhisai, Poonamalle and Padi are well attested, with their composition of village elders and learned members of the community, and maintaining law order, levying taxes and ensuring the functioning of the economy. However, under the subsequent Vijayanagara empire and their feudatories, the power of the local assemblies seems to have progressively declined in favour of more centralized rule. The Velachery kalvettus mention instances of an Alanganattar family (thought to be
7663-550: The same year captured Sandimaaththivu, the Kavaratti island west of Kerala. In 1019, Rajendra sent another expedition against the Irrataipaadi Elaraiillakam, northern Karnataka and southern Maharashtra. With its new capital at Kalyani in northernmost Karnataka, which the Cholas lost again but recaptured after a battle at Musangi in eastern Karnataka. After a two-year lapse, Rajendra, with his capture of many regions of
7760-583: The sound of a conch from the deep sea; Uttiralāḍam (on the shore of) the expansive ocean (producing) pearls; and the Gangā whose waters bearing flagrant flowers dashed against the bathing places ( tirtha ) To celebrate his victory in the Ganges, Rajendra constructed a new capital at Gangaikondacholapuram and built Gangaikonda Choleeswarar Temple , which is similar to the Brihadeeswarar Temple at Thanjavur. There has been general disagreement among historians on
7857-627: The three kingdoms of Cholas , Pandyas and Cheras . Rajendra assumed other titles to commemorate his conquests, such as Mudigonda Cholan and Irattapadikonda Cholan . Rajendra I bore the title Chalukya-Chudamani (Crest Jewel of the Chalukyas). Rajendra I had many queens; Tribhuvana or Vanavan Mahadevi, Mukkokilan, Panchavan Mahadevi, Puteri Onangki and Viramahadevi, the last of whom committed sati upon Rajendra's death. He had seven sons; Rajarajan, Rajadhiraja , Manukula Kesari , Sanga Varman, Rajendra II , Rajamahendran and Virarajendra . Rajarajan
7954-498: The throne against the claims of Rajaraja Narendra , the son of Vimaladitya and Chola princess Kundavai. Rajendra helped his nephew Rajaraja defeat Vijayaditya. Rajendra fought Jayasimha in the Battle of Maski. Rajendra led a 900,000-strong army and defeated Jayasimha II at the Battle of Maski in 1019 and 1020. On the eastern front, Rajendra led Rajaraja Chola I 's army in Vengi and routed
8051-425: The throne subsequently appeared and disappeared in Rohana without dislodging the Cholas from the north. Kassapa VI's mysterious death in 1040, however, brought an end to the war until the rise of Vijayabahu. His successor Mahalana-Kitti (1040–1042) tried to lead an revolt against the Cholas but failed. Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa I (1055–1110) descended from or claimed to be descended from the Sinhalese royal house,
8148-482: The times of Gandaraditya Chola (10th century) and emperors Raja Raja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I (11th century). During the 12th century, Velachery, along with the rest of Tondaimandalam, was thought to have briefly come under the rule of the Kadavas (or Kadavarayas) who were feudatory powers under the Cholas and subsequent Pandya emperors. An epigraph from king Kopperunjingan I of Sendamangalam of South Arcot region
8245-507: The title of the village elders) donation to the Dhandeeswaram temple, and of two people buying land from the sabai and donating them to the temple. Contemporary accounts from Kavanur near Tiruvottiyur describe how the village assemblies receiving money from individuals and agreeing to pay interest on it. It is clear that the village assemblies possessed the right of buying and disposing of land or other categories of properties owned jointly by
8342-439: The traffic-choked Vijayanagar junction. 4. Beautification of Velachery lake. A detailed project report was prepared to make Velachery lake fit for boating and to make it a tourist attraction. The corporation has initiated a major development plan for Velachery lake since it is one of the very few surviving water bodies in the city. The lake also serves as a major groundwater recharge for the adjoining localities. A major concern
8439-572: The two expeditions were complete. The second expedition went to Uttarapatha and Gangetic region countries towards the Ganges river in the north from Sakkarakkoattam; they captured the regions of Odda Vishayam and Thandabuththi in Odisha , Kosala Naadu in northern Chhattisgarh, Thakkana Laadam and Uttara Laadam in Jharkhand , and Vangala Desam in modern-day Bangladesh, and reached the Ganges. The Chola Indian Mainland expedition ended in 1022, and details of
8536-428: The villagers for them and on their behalf. A Chola record from Velachery mentions a Council of Justice, called Dharmasana, presided by the King and assisted by learned Brahmins, called Dharmasanabhattars. Lesser cases were decided by local courts named as Nyayattar. In the epigraphs, some parts of the Velachery village were known as Dinachintamani Chaturvedimangalam in honor of land grants given to Brahmins for teaching
8633-486: The wetland could no longer hold the capacity to absorb a large amount of flood water. There are also two big open to air dumping grounds. These spoil the underground water and are breeding grounds for mosquitoes and other flies and the frequent burning of the waste also creates a lot of pollution problems to the people especially those traveling past it. It is a favorite shooting location among filmmakers and has been filmed in as far as 3 movies. Now that Velachery has become
8730-599: The widening of Bypass Road in 2005, when it was expanded to a six-laned road, leading to ample opportunities for commercial development. Velachery is surrounded by Guindy in the North, IIT Madras in the North-East, Taramani in the East, Perungudi in the South-East, Pallikaranai Wetland in the South, also Madiipakkam in the South & South-West, Adambakkam in the West & North-West. Velachery majorly consists of areas that have clay and hard rock. The Velachery lake
8827-507: The world over, having a height of 13 feet (4.0 m) and a circumference of 20 ft (6.1 m). The praśasti mentions Rajendra's conquests: On the third Regnal year of Rajendra Chola – the conqueror of the East country, Ganges and Kadaram; this stone inscription was made to record the tax exemption grant given by Rajendra, the one who surrendered to Shiva . The Vijayamkonda Cholaeswarem Siva temple of Erumbur in Cuddalore district –
8924-422: Was Thiruvathirai (Ardra). Rajendra was declared heir apparent and formally associated with his father in the administration of the Chola Empire in the final years of his father's reign (1012–1014). In 1018, Rajendra appointed his son Rajadhiraja as heir apparent or co-regent to the Chola throne, which Rajadhiraja occupied from 1018 to 1044. On his father's behalf Rajaraja I, Rajendra I started his wars on
9021-560: Was a sanctuary for resident and migratory birds. Beginning in the last decades of 20th century, the marshland all but disappeared due to rapid development and encroachment. The remaining southern portions of the marshland make up the Pallikaranai wetland . The nearest airport to Velachery is the Chennai International Airport near Meenambakkam which is at a distance of ~8–10.5 km (5.0–6.5 mi). The shortest route to
9118-403: Was also opened in 2013 near the Velachery railway station. Guindy Guindy is a neighborhood of Chennai, Tamil Nadu . The Kathipara junction where Anna Salai , Mount-Poonamallee Road , Inner Ring Road , 100 Feet Road or Jawaharlal Nehru Road, and GST Road meet here. It is one of the important nodal points of road traffic in the metropolitan area. It is also a commercial hub. Here
9215-536: Was given the title "Kadaremkonda Cholan" (the Chola who captured Kadarem). A region of the present-day Kudimallur, Tamil Nadu, was named "Kadarekonda Cholapuram". Some villages in present-day Tamil Nadu still bear the names Kidarankondan in Thiruvaarur and Ariyalur regions (present Gedaramkondan in Ariyalur) and Kadaramkonda Cholapuram (present Narasingpuram). With Rajendra's victories over Kadaram, Malaysia, in 1023, he built
9312-432: Was historically about 250 acres with the ancient Selliamman and Narasimhar temples on its Southern corner. South of Velachery, there were thousands of acres of marshland called Kazhuveli made of coarse elephant grass (called Kazhu Pul) and swamps. The area was also called Kazhiveli as it allowed rain water runoff and catchment. It had six natural spring aquifers that enabled groundwater table to be recharged. The marshland also
9409-458: Was unchanged geo-politically, trade had considerable consequences. Tamil traders encroached on the Srivijayan realm that was traditionally controlled by Malay traders, and the Tamil guilds' influence increased on the Malay Peninsula and the north coast of Sumatra. With the growing presence of Tamil guilds in the region, relations between Srivijaya and the Cholas improved. Chola nobles were accepted in
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