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24-530: Inhabitants of Varennes-Jarcy are known as Varennois in French. Dedicated to Saint-Sulpice , bishop of Bourges , the church was built at the end of the 13th century, between 1269 and 1282. It is a large chapel with ogival vault, comprising 4 tumulary stones (tombs), which have been classified historic buildings since February 1915. They are indicated on the left and on the right entry by 2 commemorative plates. They are tombs seigneuriales : The church shelters also

48-454: A World Heritage Site . It is considered one of the earliest examples of the High Gothic style of the thirteenth century. Bourges has a long tradition of art and history. Apart from the cathedral, other sites of importance include the 15th-century Palais Jacques Cœur and a sixty-five-hectare district of half-timbered houses and fine town-houses . Bourges sits at the river junction where

72-456: A vita of his saintly contemporary, Eustadiola . Bourges Bourges ( / b ʊər ʒ / BOORZH , French: [buʁʒ] ) is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre . It is the capital of the department of Cher , and also was the capital city of the former province of Berry . The name of the commune derives either from the Bituriges , the name of

96-453: A Roman town, with a monumental gate, aqueducts , thermae and an amphitheatre; it reached a greater size than it would attain during the Middle Ages. The massive walls surrounding the late-Roman town, enclosing 40 hectares, were built in part with stone re-used from earlier public buildings. The third-century AD Saint Ursinus , also known as Saint Ursin, is considered the first bishop of

120-471: A monastery which he had founded near Bourges. There he died on 17 January 646, which day several manuscripts of the Hieronymian Martyrology indicate as his feast. The reports of miracles at his tomb in the basilica he had ordered built began soon after his death and the place became a place of pilgrimage. That place, the basilica, where the memorable man of God is buried, is called Navis, because

144-587: A superb white marble statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary , dated from the end of the 17th century and known under the name of MATER Dolorosa . It comes from the Abbaye de Jarcy , from where it was saved during the French Revolution and was installed there between 1792 and 1804, at the same time as the altar and the wooden sculpture of Saint Roch , dating from the 16th century. Many alterations took place over

168-523: A writing workshop in collaboration with Oulipo . The Bourges station offers direct railway connections to Orléans , Tours , Lyon , Paris , Nantes and several regional destinations. The A71 motorway connects Bourges with Orléans and Clermont-Ferrand . Bourges Airport is a small regional airport. Bourges' principal football team are Bourges Football 18 . It is also home to the women's basketball club CJM Bourges Basket , which has won multiple titles in domestic and European basketball. Bourges XV

192-747: The Auron flows into the Yèvre . The disused Canal de Berry follows alongside the course of the Auron through Bourges. Bourges, located in the center of France , away from the Atlantic Ocean , features a typical degraded oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ), characterized by colder, drier winters and warmer, wetter summers than the oceanic climate. The Printemps de Bourges music festival takes place in Bourges every year. Every summer, and since 2002, Les mille univers hosts

216-520: The Gauls implemented a scorched-earth policy to try to deny Caesar's forces supplies, the inhabitants of Avaricum convinced the council not to have their town burned. It was temporarily spared due to its good defences provided by the surrounding marshes, by a river that nearly encircled it, and by a strong southern wall. Julius Caesar's forces, nevertheless, captured and destroyed the town, killing all but 800 of its inhabitants. Rome reconstructed Avaricum as

240-532: The 1420s during the Hundred Years' War . His son, Louis XI , was born there in 1423. In 1438, Charles VII decreed the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges . During this period, Bourges was a major centre of alchemy . In 1487, a third of Bourges was destroyed by fire, after which the economic decline of the city started. The Gothic Cathedral of Saint Étienne , begun at the end of the twelfth century, ranks as

264-657: The 16th century. At the bottom is the mausoleum of the family Bosquillon de Jarcy , owner of the Domaine de Jarcy . Remainders partial of the Abbaye Royale de Jarcy . Sulpitius the Pious Sulpicius II. the Pious ( / s ʌ l ˈ p ɪ ʃ ə s / ; died 17 January 646) was a 7th-century bishop of Bourges and saint . According to his Vita , Sulpicius was born at Vatan ( Diocese of Bourges ), of noble parents, before

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288-770: The Aquitanian dukes up to the destructive siege by the Frankish King Pepin the Short in 762, when Basque troops are found defending the town along with its count. During the Middle Ages , Bourges served as the capital of the Viscounty of Bourges until 1101. In the fourteenth century, it became the capital of the Duchy of Berry (established in 1360). The future king of France, Charles VII ( r.  1422–1461 ), sought refuge there in

312-656: The colors recalls the large canopies of the cathedral of Chartres , and the Gothic paintings are like those of the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris". With the revolution , after an inventory of all the church (ornamentation, pieces of furniture) and a financial statement of the Factory, all will be wasted with the profit of the commune and the church will be transformed into "Temple de la raison". One even projected, if time allowed it, to cut down

336-419: The cross of the bell-tower on December 25, 1793! The bell dates back to 1781 and failed, like many others, being melted in 1867. Lastly, to release the village square, the old cemetery located around the church, was separated from the village in 1876: The first burial took place in 1886. On right-hand side of the entry, a stele commemorates old Varennois (inhabitants of Varenne) buried in the first cemetery since

360-462: The death of Bishop Austregisilus (c. 624) Sulpicious was recalled to Bourges to succeed him. Thenceforth he labored with much zeal and success to re-establish ecclesiastical discipline, for the relief of the poor. In 627 Sulpicius attended the Council of Clichy and held several others with the bishops of his province. St. Desiderius of Cahors , treasurer to King Clothar II and later Bishop of Cahors,

384-566: The end of the sixth century. From his youth he devoted himself to good works and to the study of Scripture , and donated his large patrimony to the Church and the poor. Austregisilus , Bishop of Bourges, ordained him cleric of his church, then deacon , and finally made him director of his episcopal school. Clotaire II (King of the Franks from 613 to 629), who had heard of his merits, summoned him and made him almoner and chaplain of his armies. Upon

408-421: The king's command. Sulpicius intervened with King Dagobert on behalf of his flock, of whom a too heavy tax was exacted. When the people came complaining of their treatment to Sulpicius, he decreed a three-day fast for clergy and laity, but also sent one of his clergy, Ebargisilus by name, to the king, and the tax was remitted. Towards the end of his life Sulpicius took a coadjutor , Vulfoleudus, and retired to

432-514: The money of the day, but finally it was the state which, 3 years later, bought them for the sum of 600 francs, on behalf of the museum of Decorative Arts. They represent: These two works formed the basis of a museum of the stained glass, before being stored within the Musée de Cluny . According to the statements of the Easter painter and glass maker, having restored these stained glasses in 1741, "the glare of

456-524: The original inhabitants, or from the Germanic word Burg (French: bourg ; Spanish: burgo ; English, others: burgh , berg , or borough ), for "hill" or "village". The Celts called it Avaricon ; Latin -speakers: Avaricum . In the fourth century BC, as in the time of Caesar , the area around it was the center of a Gallic (Celtic) confederacy. In 52 BC, the sixth year of the Gallic Wars , while

480-531: The port of ships is seen to be there. It is a most lovely place between two rivers with pastures and woods and vineyards in great number, with fields and rivers flowing between huge plains so that there, the inhabitants may be seen to possess the image of paradise. In his honour the church of Saint-Sulpice was built in Paris , from which the Society of Saint-Sulpice derives its name. The vita of Sulpicius also contains

504-469: The sign of the cross. The vita asserts with approval that "he, the holy man gave leave for no-one, neither heretic, gentile or Jew, to live in the city of Bourges without the grace of baptism" - with many consequent conversions from the Jews of Bourges. The Vita tells that Dagobert I sent his representative the merciless general Lollo ( Lollonius ) to reside at Bourges and to bring the city more closely under

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528-427: The strands of time, as the history testifies, to some to the stained glass windows . The stained glass windows of were 13th century were installed in the abbey church during work carried out about 1652, and were reused in the church of the commune of Jarcy. In 1882, significant repairs were necessary and the stained glass was then put on sale. Monsieur Bosquillon, châtelain de Jarcy , become purchaser for 450 francs in

552-527: The town. Bourges functions as the seat of an archbishopric . During the 8th century Bourges lay on the northern fringes of the Duchy of Aquitaine and was therefore the first town to come under Frankish attacks when the Franks crossed the Loire. The Frankish Charles Martel captured the town in 731, but Duke Odo the Great of Aquitaine immediately re-took it. It remained under the rule of counts who pledged allegiance to

576-460: Was his personal friend; three letters survive which he addressed to him. In the settings of Vita Sulpicii Episcopi Biturgi , Sulpicius' miracles show him receiving "Theudogisilus", a noble from the palatium of the king with entertainments and a "great heaped fire" (in a fireplace in the centre of the great hall , the smoke issuing through a vent in the roof). Sulpicius allegedly extinguished this fire, when it threatened to get out of control, with

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