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50-582: He is the current head of the Qom Seminary . Khorasani is considered to be the most learned Shia religious authority alive by a number of scholars. Khorasani was born in Nishapur , a city 130 km west of Mashhad , to Sheikh Esmail Khorasani, a revered alim and orator. He began his religious education at an early age in Mashhad, completing his muqadamat and Arabic under Sheikh Shams and al-Muhaqiq al-Mughani in

100-547: A law centre / center , college of law , or faculty of law ) is an institution, professional school , or department of a college or university specializing in legal education , usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge , lawyer , or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction. Depending on the country, legal system, or desired qualifications, the coursework is undertaken at undergraduate, graduate, or both levels. In Argentina, lawyers-to-be need to obtain an undergraduate degree in law in order to practice

150-404: A 5-year Master of Laws (LL.M.) degree. Law school is usually entered to at the undergraduate level in a university. In Japan, legal education is undertaken at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. Admission to postgraduate law schools does not require specialization in law in undergraduate degree. In Nigeria, the primary route for obtaining a legal education to qualify as a practicing lawyer

200-545: A PhD in law ( doctorat de droit ). Many French universities offer Law courses in department labelled as Research and Education Units ( unité de formation et de recherche ) and/or Faculties of Law or Law Schools. A LLM-level is a prerequisite for some legal professions, but is combined with vocational education, such as the école nationale de la magistrature for judges and the Certificat d'aptitude aux fonctions d'avocat for advocates . In Hong Kong , which generally follows

250-409: A combined civil law and common law program, which has been called "transsystemic". At other faculties, if a person completes a common law degree, then a civil law degree can be obtained with only an extra year of study. This is also true for civil law graduates who wish to complete a common law degree. Despite changes in designation, schools opting for the J.D. have not altered their curricula. Neither

300-547: A constitutionally-mandated three years of legal experience. Second degree courts and higher must have at least one-fifth of their judges be members of a lawyers' association, and also from federal/state/labour prosecutors (ministério público) regarding the court jurisdiction. Electoral and military courts do not have this requirement. After achieving the bachelor's degree in law, it is possible to specialize ( lato sensu ) or to follow an academic law path ( stricto sensu ), or both. The stricto sensu postgraduate program consists of

350-864: A law school. The legal education is a three tier system – 4-year bachelor's degree studies, 1-year Master of Law and 5-year doctoral studies. The Belgrade Law School is the most distinguished and largest by capacity in Serbia. Courses are offered in Serbian and English. On July 3, 2007, the Korean National Assembly passed legislation introducing 'Law School', closely modeled on the American post-graduate system. Moreover, naturally, since March 2, 2009, 25 (both public and private) 3-year professional Law Schools that officially approved by Korean Government , has been opened to teach future Korean lawyers. The first bar test to

400-583: A master's degree, which is usually a two-year degree, followed by a doctorate degree, which can take up to another four years. The oldest civil law faculty in Canada offering law degrees was established in 1848 at McGill University in Montreal, and the oldest common law faculty in Canada offering law degrees was established in 1883 at Dalhousie University in Halifax. The typical law degree required to practice law in Canada

450-404: Is B.S. It takes about two to three years to earn a Master of Science. The Master of Science is a mix of course work in a specific field of law and a dissertation. The Ph.D. in law is the highest law degree offered by some law schools. It takes about 5–7 years depending on the school as well as the students. In Italy, the route for obtaining a legal education to qualify as a practicing lawyer is via

500-640: Is Doctor / DR. (Doctor in Law). To work in legal professions of choice in Indonesia, a Bachelor Law Degree (S.H.) is obligatory. Graduates can pursue their career as Legal in-house counsel, Judge profession (requires admission and further training at Supreme Court Educational Center), Public Prosecutor (requires admission and further training at Public Prosecutor Educational and Training Center), other legal-related work and Advocate. To become an Advocate, Law Graduate should attend an Advocate Special Course (1–2 months) and pass

550-552: Is a 5-year Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree from an accredited law program of any Nigerian university. An additional year of training at any of the Nigerian Law School campuses is mandatory and a candidate must pass the bar examinations and be ascertained by the body of benchers to be a fit and proper individual. Law degree programs are considered graduate programs in the Philippines . As such, admission to law schools requires

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600-484: Is aimed primarily at producing law graduates focused on family law and criminal law, as there is a pressing need for lawyers practicing in these areas. Additionally, the SMU School of Law offers the 3-year Juris Doctor degree for aspiring candidates who have already completed a prior undergraduate course of study and who have been awarded a bachelor's degree in another field. The SMU J.D. is recognised for qualification to

650-570: Is arranged after the individual passes the lawyer, judge, or prosecutor exams. A degree in law (bachelor, master or doctor) is one way to qualify to sit for the bar examination. You can also sit for the bar examination if you do not have a law degree, but have taken the requisite number and type of law courses. The bar examination is administered in two written stages. Stage one exam subjects are tested by multiple-choice format and stage two exam subjects are tested in an essay format. Candidates who fail stage one are disqualified from taking stage two, and

700-642: Is complete, the title of varatuomari (VT) is obtained with a one-year externship in a district court. This is the basic qualification to practice law as a judge. With further experience, the candidate may be admitted to the Finnish Bar Association and licensed with the legally protected title asianajaja , similar to barrister . In France, the legal education is a three tier system. The student may study for an LL.B. ( licence de droit ), then an LL.M. ( master de droit ) and, for those interested in Law theory,

750-584: Is elective with various concentrations such as business law, international law, natural resources law, criminal law, Aboriginal law, etc. Given that the Canadian legal system includes both the civil law and the common law , some law schools offer both an LL.B. or J.D. (common law) and a B.C.L., LL.L. or LL.B. (civil law) degree, such as McGill University , University of Ottawa and the Université de Montréal . In particular, McGill University Faculty of Law offers

800-539: Is now the Juris Doctor , which requires previous university coursework and is similar to the first law degree in the United States. There is some scholarly content in the coursework (such as an academic research paper required in most schools). The programs consist of three years, and have similar content in their mandatory first year courses. Beyond first year and the minimum requirements for graduation, course selection

850-474: Is that while the eligibility qualification for the three year law degree is that the applicant must already be a holder of a bachelor's degree, for being eligible for the five years integrated law degree, the applicant must have successfully completed Class XII from a recognized Boards of Education in India. Both the holders of the three-year degree and of the five-year integrated degree are eligible for enrollment with

900-760: Is the Degree of which carries the title of Sarjana Hukum/S.H. (Bachelor of Law). This can be obtained in 4–7 years after they enter Law School straight from Senior High School. The second tier varies depending on the legal specialties taken after the first tier. The general title for this tier is Magister Hukum / M.H. (Master in Law). Although it is also common to see other title for secondary tier such as Magister Kenotariatan / M.Kn. (Master in Notary) for Notarial professionals line of work. The second tier can be obtained normally in 1-2 year. The third tier in Indonesian Law Degree

950-614: The M.D. and D.D.S. degrees are considered second entry programs and not graduate programs.) Nevertheless, disagreement persists regarding the status of the degrees, such as at the University of Toronto, where the J.D. degree designation has been marketed by the Faculty of Law as superior to the LL.B. degree designation. Some universities have developed joint Canadian LL.B or J.D. and American J.D programs, such as York University and New York University,

1000-579: The Advocates Act, 1961, which is a law passed by the Parliament both on the aspect of legal education and also regulation of conduct of legal profession. Under the act, the Bar Council of India is the supreme regulatory body to regulate the legal profession in India and also to ensure the compliance of the laws and maintenance of professional standards by the legal profession in the country. To this regard,

1050-516: The B.A., LL.B / B.B.A.LL.B (Honours). The Mysore University School of Justice set up by the University of Mysore in Mysore offered a five-year integrated law degree course of B.A., LL.B (Honours) from 2007. The course for three years LL.B. is also regularized in University of Delhi as an option for post graduation after the completion of graduation degree. The National Law University, Jodhpur offered for

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1100-597: The Ba'in Ya school. He then moved to the Mirza Jafar school and completed his intermediate level studies under Sheikh Husayn Birsi, Mirza Ahmed Kifaei, Abu al-Qasim al-Hakim al-Ilahi and Sheikh Husayn-Ali al-Isfahani. He also attended the classes of Mirza Mehdi al-Isfahani, Sheikh Mahdi al-Ishtiyani and Sheikh Muhammad Nahawndi. He received an ijaza from his teacher Sayyid Muhammad Hujjat Kuh-Kamari . He moved to Najaf in 1949 and studied in

1150-465: The Bar Council of India prescribes the minimum curriculum required to be taught in order for an institution to be eligible for the grant of a law degree. The Bar Council also carries on a periodic supervision of the institutions conferring the degree and evaluates their teaching methodology and curriculum and having determined that the institution meets the required standards, recognizes the institution and

1200-415: The Bar Council of India upon the fulfillment of eligibility conditions and upon enrollment, may appear before any court in India. In Iran, the legal education has been influenced both by civil law and Islamic Shari'ah law. Like many countries, after high school, one can enter the law school. The first law degree is Bachelor of Science . It takes about four years to get B.S. The first graduate program in law

1250-578: The Bar exam. The title Advocate can be obtained after a graduate passes the Bar exam and fulfill several obligation and requirements created by the Indonesian Advocates Association (PERADI), and is a prerequisite for practicing trial law in Indonesia. In India, legal education has been traditionally offered as a three-year graduate degree. However, the structure has been changed since 1987. Law degrees in India are granted and conferred in terms of

1300-617: The English common law system, an undergraduate L.L.B. is common, followed by a one or two year Postgraduate Certificate in Laws before one can begin a training contract (solicitors) or a pupillage (barristers). All three law schools (HKU, CUHK, CityU) in Hong Kong also offer 2-year Juris Doctor programme allowing students with a bachelor's degree in any field to be considered for PCLL. Law Degree in Indonesia consists of three tier systems. The first tier

1350-478: The J.D. in Canada was to distinguish the degree from the European counterpart that requires no previous post-secondary education, However, in the eyes of the Canadian educational system, the J.D. awarded by Canadian universities has retained the characteristics of the LL.B. and is considered a second entry program, but not a graduate program. (This position is analogous to the position taken by Canadian universities that

1400-574: The J.D. or LL.B. alone is sufficient to qualify for a Canadian license, as each province's law society requires an apprenticeship and successful completion of provincial skills and responsibilities training course, such as the British Columbia Law Society's Professional Legal Training Course, the Law Society of Upper Canada's Skills and Responsibilities Training Program. and the École du Barreau du Québec . The main reason for implementing

1450-599: The Legal Profession Admission Board, followed by an internship for 12 months or an extra course in practical legal training (PLT) depending on the jurisdiction and university, and be admitted as a lawyer of one of a state's Supreme Court. In Belgium, the admission to the Belgian Bar is permitted after a 5-year law degree. In Brazil, the legal education begins between 1827/28 in Olinda/PE and São Paulo/SP where

1500-891: The Qom Seminary. Because Sharia is legally binding in Iran, the Qom seminary also functions as a law school in Iran. Ebrahim Raisi , the former Chief Justice and former President of the Islamic republic of Iran, was one of the alumni of the Qom seminary. All judges in the Islamic Republic of Iran must have received education in Islamic Law; most qadis are "members of the group of ruling clergies ." 34°38′29″N 50°52′48″E  /  34.6414°N 50.8800°E  / 34.6414; 50.8800 Law school A law school (also known as

1550-660: The Singapore Bar. There are several private law schools in Singapore that are run by private education providers and which also award the Bachelor of Laws degree. These private law schools are neither recognised nor supported by the government and their graduates are, in the vast majority of cases, ineligible for qualification to the Singapore Bar . In Serbia, prospective students are required to pass an admission test for enrollment in

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1600-543: The Sri Lanka Law College and study law or directly undertake exams after gaining an LL.B. from a local or foreign university. In Sweden, the route for obtaining a legal education to qualify as a practicing lawyer is via a 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 -year Master of Laws (LL.M.) degree (270 ECTS). In Taiwan, law is primarily studied as an undergraduate program resulting in a Bachelor of Law (B.L.). Students receive academic rather than practical training. Practical training

1650-412: The University of Windsor and the University of Detroit Mercy, and the University of Ottawa and Michigan State University program. Law school is usually entered to at the undergraduate level in a university. There is an intermediate bachelor's degree ( oikeusnotaari ), but the target is the master's degree in law ( oikeustieteen maisteri ; until 2005 oikeustieteen kandidaatti ). Once university education

1700-480: The Yazdi school for ten years. He attended the classes of Sheikh Muhammad-Husayn Naini for a year; Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani for two years; Sheikh Musa Khonsari for six years; Agha Dhiya al-Din al-Iraqi , Sayyid Jamal al-Din al-Golpayegani, Sheikh Kadhim al-Shirazi, Sayyid Abd al-Hadi al-Shirazi and Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim . He studied under Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei the longest, which was twelve years, becoming one of

1750-588: The bar examinations were held during November. The University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil Law was the first secular faculty, and hence the oldest law school in the Philippines. In Singapore, the primary route for obtaining a legal education to qualify as a practicing lawyer is via a 4-year Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree from either the NUS Faculty of Law , or the SMU School of Law . The SUSS School of Law

1800-568: The completion of a bachelor's degree, with a sufficient number of credits or units in certain subject areas. Graduation from a Philippine law school constitutes the primary eligibility requirement for the Philippine Bar Examination , the national licensure examination for practicing lawyers in the country. The bar examination is administered by the Supreme Court of the Philippines during the month of September every year. As of 2011

1850-441: The controversial marja' Sayyid Muhammad-Husayn Fadhlallah declared his opinion that the attack of the door was a myth, and deemed most stories as fiction, Khorasani along with Mirza Jawad Tabrizi and Sayyid Muhammad-Sadiq Rohani deemed him a "deviant". Khorasani's stance on Iran's government has been relatively vague, and he has been considered–if anything–an indirect critic. He has been often quoted in his lectures to challenge

1900-503: The country at the time of its creation, and they would be instituted only in 1949. After the university reform of 1918 the career was renamed ' Attorney '. It is five–six years long, some universities also offering intermediate degrees called 'University Bachelor in Law,' commonly taking three–four years to complete. To practice in Australia, one needs to graduate with a Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Juris Doctor (JD), or Diploma-in-Law issued by

1950-444: The death of his wife. Qom Seminary The Qom Seminary ( Persian : حوزه علمیه قم ) is the largest Islamic seminary ( hawza ) in Iran, established in 1922 by Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi in Qom . It trains Usuli scholars. Although big Shi'a academies existed in Qom dating back as early as 10th century CE, the hawza (seminarium) of the city became prominent at

2000-408: The degree conferred by it. Traditionally the degrees that were conferred carried the title of LL.B. (Bachelor of Laws) or B.L. (Bachelor of Law). The eligibility requirement for these degrees was that the applicant already have a Bachelor's degree in any subject from a recognized institution. Thereafter the LL.B. / B.L. course was for three years, upon the successful completion of which the applicant

2050-528: The distinguished students of al-Khoei. He returned to Mashhad in 1972, and taught there for just under a year, and then travelled to Qom , to settle there until today. Khorasani believes the attack of Fatimah 's house holds a very high religious significance in the Shi'i creed. He leads a large mourning procession in Qom, on the anniversary of her death–in accordance to the third narration– annually, that sees hundreds of thousands of people participating in it. When

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2100-568: The first law University in India was set up in Bangalore which was named as the National Law School of India University (popularly 'NLS'). These law universities were meant to offer a multi-disciplinary and integrated approach to legal education. It was therefore for the first time that a law degree other than LL.B. or B.L. was granted in India. NLS offered a five-year law course, upon the successful completion of which an integrated degree with

2150-611: The first schools of law were established by the new Empire using the Coimbra Faculty of Law as an educational model. The current legal education consists of a 5-year-long course after which the scholar is granted a bachelor's degree. The practice of law is conditioned upon admission to the bar of a particular state or other territorial jurisdiction (Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil - OAB ). Before practicing as public attorneys, public prosecutors or magistrates (judges), candidates must successfully pass an entrance examination and complete

2200-682: The first time in 2001 the integrated law degree of "B.B.A, LL.B. (Honours)" which was preceded by the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences offering the "B.Sc., LL.B. (Honours)" degree. Gujarat National Law University established in Gandhinagar also offers LL.B. However, despite these specialized law universities , the traditional three-year degree continues to be offered in India by other institutions and are equally recognized as eligible qualifications for practicing law in India. Another essential difference that remains

2250-564: The lawschool graduates was scheduled in 2012. In Sri Lanka to practice law, one must be admitted and enrolled as an Attorney-at-Law of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka . This is achieved by passing law exams at the Sri Lanka Law College , which are administered by the Council of Legal Education and spending a period of six months under a practicing attorney of at least 8 years standing. To undertake law exams students must gain admission to

2300-470: The opinion of the supreme leader of Iran . Khorasani has written many books some of which have been translated into Urdu, Persian, Arabic, English, and other languages. Some of his works include: Khorasani is married and has two sons, Mohammad-Esmail and Mohsen. He is the father-in-law of Sadeq Larijani . In 2023, Ali Khamenei the Supreme Leader of Iran offered his condolences to Khorasani upon

2350-501: The profession, as opposed to the US system in which a law degree is not obtained until successfully completing a postgraduate program. In spite of that, it is customary to call Argentine lawyers 'doctors,' although the vast majority of them do not hold a Juris Doctor degree. The reason lies in that the career was originally called 'Doctorate in Laws' ( Doctorado en Leyes ), which was an undergraduate degree. There were no graduate studies available in

2400-579: The time of the Safavids when Shi'a Islam became the official religion of Iran in the 16th century. The famous teachers of that era included Mulla Sadra and Shaykh Bahai . The modern Qom hawza was revitalized by Abdul Karim Haeri Yazdi and Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi and is barely a century old. There are nearly three hundred thousand clerics in Iran’s seminaries. Grand Ayatollah Hossein Vahid Khorasani heads

2450-594: The title of "B.A., LL.B. (Honours)" would be granted. Thereafter, other law universities were set up, all offering five-year integrated law degrees with different nomenclature. The next in line was National Law Institute University set up in Bhopal in 1997. It was followed by NALSAR university of law in 1998. The Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University in Delhi offered a five-year integrated law degree course of LL.B (Honours) from 1998 and subsequently from 2007 started to award

2500-465: Was granted either degree. However, upon the suggestion by the Law Commission of India and also given the prevailing cry for reform, the Bar Council of India instituted upon an experiment in terms of establishing specialized law universities solely devoted to legal education and thus to raise the academic standards of legal profession in India. This decision was taken somewhere in 1985 and thereafter

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