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27-667: Uttaradit means the "port of the north" or "northern landing", as it was formerly a trade center on the Nan River . In the Sukhothai era several city states ( Mueang ) subject to the king were in the area of the modern province. Mueang Fang was in modern-day Mueang Uttaradit district, Mueang Thung Yang in Laplae, and Mueang Ta Chuchok in Tron district. During the Ayutthaya kingdom , Mueang Phichai

54-496: A composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017. 17°37′47″N 100°5′48″E  /  17.62972°N 100.09667°E  / 17.62972; 100.09667 Nan River The Nan River ( Thai : แม่น้ำน่าน , RTGS :  Maenam Nan , pronounced [mɛ̂ː.náːm nâːn] ; Northern Thai : น้ำแม่น่าน , pronounced [náːm mɛ̂ː.nâːn] )

81-459: A total of four wildlife sanctuaries, three of which are in region 11 (Phitsanulok) and Lam Nam Nan Fang Khwa Wildlife Sanctuary is in region 13 (Phrae) of Thailand's protected areas. Uttaradit is largely an agricultural province. Among its best known crops are two fruits: durian and langsat. A durian festival is held each year around the beginning of June in Laplae District. The province

108-663: Is 37 meters high and has a circumference of 9.58 meters at its base. Although the upper part of the tree broke off in a storm, the trunk is still alive. Discovered in 1927, the giant teak tree is part of the 35 square kilometer park of mixed deciduous forest. The edible cyprinid fish Cyclocheilichthys enoplus is the provincial aquatic life. Uttaradit is served by the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand . There are two stations in Uttaradit town: Uttaradit railway station ,

135-526: Is a fruit that is similar in taste to the longan . A langsat festival is held each year around the middle to end of September. Uttaradit's main hospital is Uttaradit Hospital , operated by the Ministry of Public Health . The provincial seal shows the mondop at the temple Wat Phra Thaen Sila At, in Baan Phra Thaen in the Laplae district. The main item of worship in the temple is a laterite block, which

162-694: Is a river in Thailand . It is one of the most important tributaries of the Chao Phraya River . The Nan River originates in the Luang Prabang Range , Nan Province . The provinces along the river after Nan Province are Uttaradit , Phitsanulok and Phichit . The Yom River joins the Nan at Chum Saeng District , Nakhon Sawan Province . When the Nan river joins together with the Ping River at Pak Nam Pho within

189-488: Is believed to have been used by Buddha to seek enlightenment. The mondhop is built upon this block. The seal was first designed in 1940, later a garuda as the symbol of Thailand and the name of the province were added. The provincial tree is the teak ( Tectona grandis ). The largest teak tree in the world stands in Ton Sak Yai National Park (สักใหญ่). The tree, estimated to be more than 1,500 years old,

216-454: Is known for two varieties of durian which lack the usual, and to some people offensive, odour: Longlaplae and Linlaplae , both named after Laplae District . Durian production in Uttaradit province was estimated to be around 20,000 tonnes in 2012. The province has approximately 10,600 acres of durian orchards. The langsat (ลางสาด) ( Lansium parasiticum ), for which Uttaradit is famous, and its thick-skinned sibling, longkong (ลองกอง),

243-856: The Khwae Noi River which joins the Nan within Phitsanulok Province, the Khlong Tron and Nam Pat , which join the Nan within Uttaradit Province, and the Lam Wa , Nam Haet , Nam Pua , Nam Yao and Nam Hao , which join the Nan within Nan Province. Kaeng Luang is a waterfall on the Nan River in Nan Province. The expanse of the Nan River's tributaries, i.e. the Nan River System, together with

270-634: The Tai who presently inhabit the Nan basin. The human population around the Chao Phraya River and its tributaries, such as the Nan, remained sparse until late in the region’s history. The settlement of the indigenous populations of the region began around the advent of rice agriculture during the Bronze Age , and continued through the Iron Age . Archaeologists suspect that Mon–Khmer speaking tribes spread through

297-528: The 23,616 square kilometres (9,118 sq mi) of land drained by the Yom and its tributaries, the Nan basin drains a total of 34,331 square kilometres (13,255 sq mi) of land in the provinces of Phitsanulok, Phichit, Nan and Uttaradit. Ancient civilizations lived in the fertile land along the Nan River and its tributaries, as is evidenced by Stone Age tools unearthed near Phitsanulok . However, these early hunter-gatherers are not likely to be ancestors of

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324-534: The Burmese and was awarded the title Phraya Phichai Dap Hak - the "Lord of Pichai with a Broken Sword", as he had broken one of his swords in fierce hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. In the reign of King Rama III Mueang Phichai controlled several Mueang of northern Siam like Nan or Phrae, and even Luang Prabang and Vientiane. At the point where the Nan river became shallow a port was established. As this town grew in importance as an important trade point, in 1887 it

351-462: The Nan River in the city, and adhere to a traditional way of life. There is even a floating houseboat museum along the Nan in Phitsanulok, which allows tourists to experience the Nan houseboat culture first-hand. The Naresuan Dam, named after King Naresuan , was constructed throughout the span of 1976 through 1985 on the Nan River in Phitsanulok Province, north of the city of Phitsanulok, as part of

378-552: The early river-side urban areas of the Nan emerging during the era of the Khmer Empire was Song Khwae , which over the years developed into the modern city of Phitsanulok. Phitsanulok is the only place in Thailand where houseboats are legal, as they have been an important aspect of regional culture since long before the drafting of modern municipal law. People of Phitsanulok still gather on houseboats and raft houses along both sides of

405-752: The land upon which falling rain drains into these bodies of water, form the Greater Nan Drainage Basin, which is part of the Chao Phraya watershed. The total area drained by the Nan and its tributaries is 57,947 square kilometres (22,373 sq mi). Much of the lower basin has perfect soil for farming. Most drainage analyses, however, divide the Greater Nan Basin into the Nan Basin and the Yom River Basin. Using this convention, and subtracting

432-433: The language we now call Thai , which is considerably different from other Tai dialects. Even after this Thai migration, the population in the Nan Basin, other than along the banks of the Nan River and its major tributaries, was sparse. predator animal species, as well as malaria , tropical temperatures and other hardships, kept the population from expanding far from the river, despite the region's extremely fertile soil. As

459-530: The main station and Sila At railway station , where it is a major centre for Northern Line operations. It does not have an airport. The nearest airport is in Phrae. The province is divided into nine districts ( amphoe ). These are further divided into 67 subdistricts ( tambon ) and 562 villages ( muban ). As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Uttaradit Provincial Administration Organisation ( ongkan borihan suan changwat ) and 26 municipal ( thesaban ) areas in

486-576: The major product of Uttaradit. The largest teak tree in the world is found at the Ton Sak Yai Park in the Luang Prabang Range . The 1,500-year-old tree measures 9.87 m in circumference and 37 m in height. Originally it was 48.5 m high, but it was damaged in a storm. The total forest area is 4,415 km (1,705 sq mi) or 55.9 percent of provincial area. There are three national parks, along with seven other national parks, make up region 11 (Phitsanulok) of Thailand's protected areas. There are

513-586: The mountainous areas of Northern Thailand, and eventually to the Nan Basin and the other lowland regions of Thailand. Some of the Nan River Mon-Khmer retreated into the hills as the Thai expansion continued, while others generally adopted dialects of the Tai language and blended into the culture of the new settlers. The Tai language spoken in the area was heavily influenced by the Khmer culture as well, and evolved into

540-740: The mountainous areas of northern Thailand. These migrants were the Tai. Their course of immigration probably began south of the Yangzi River . As the Han Chinese spread south of the Yangzi around the sixth century BC, the ancestors of the Thai retreated into the high valleys and, over many centuries, migrated west along an arc from the Guangxi to the Brahmaputra Valley . The Thai brought rice-farming expertise to

567-551: The population grew during these ancient times, settlements along the Nan eventually became more urban, as populations of larger scale were better able to survive the hardships of the heavily forested region. The earliest urban developments along the Nan were modelled after the Mon-Khmer capital at Angkor in Cambodia, which was already quite advanced by the time the Nan Basin had significant population to support urban settlement. Along with

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594-409: The positive effects of urbanization (e.g., development of art and specialization of labor), however, came slavery, war and other societal problems associated with urban culture in the forecoming city-state period. Even in spite of urbanization along the river banks, most of the Nan Basin (aside from the river-side settlements) consisted of virgin forests until around the turn of the 20th century. One of

621-473: The province. Uttaradit has town ( thesaban mueang ) status. Further 25 subdistrict municipalities ( thesaban tambon ). The non-municipal areas are administered by 53 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO ( ongkan borihan suan tambon ). Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI),

648-427: The region, bringing rice agriculture, metalworking, domestic animals. The main course of migration during the metal ages probably ran along the coast of Thailand, but migrants also travelled inland along the Chao Phraya to the Nan Basin and other areas, where it was relatively easier to establish settlements. The next major wave of migration into the Nan Basin came not from the coast along the Chao Phraya, but rather from

675-713: The town Nakhon Sawan it becomes the Chao Phraya River . The Nan river runs about 630 kilometres (390 mi) south. The chief tributary of the Nan is the Yom River, which joins the Nan in Chum Saeng District in Nakhon Sawan Province. Other direct tributaries include Khlong Butsabong and Khlong San Thao of the lower Nan Basin, the Wat Ta Yom and Wang Thong Rivers which join the Nan within Phichit Province,

702-500: Was made a Mueang subordinate of Phichai. 1899 the center of Phichai was moved to this new location, which was renamed to Uttaradit in 1915. The province is in the Nan River valley. About 45 kilometers north of the city of Uttaradit is the Queen Sirikit Dam , which created a 250 km artificial lake. The Phi Pan Nam Range reaches the northwest of the province. Most of the province was once covered with teak forests, then

729-550: Was one of the 16 main Mueang of the Thai kingdom. In the reign of King Naresuan , the ruler of Phichai rebelled, joined by the ruler of the Sawankhalok region. Their revolt was suppressed and the inhabitants of both cities were forced to move south to Phitsanulok. Following the fall of the city of Ayutthaya to the Burmese in 1767, Phichai was the site of several battles against the invaders. The ruler of Phichai succeeded in driving back

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