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Usselo

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Usselo ['ʏsəloː] is a Dutch village in the municipality of Enschede in the eastern Netherlands region of Twente . It is located just west of Enschede and east of Boekelo . It has existed for over 800 years. Archaeology shows that the region was inhabited more or less continuously since the last ice-age. The region is very fertile and will support agriculture and cattle. The countryside is marked by artificial hills, called es or esch, which were formed by depositing dung mixed with dirt. A prime example is the Fleringer Esch, near Fleringen .

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26-529: The village was one of the earliest settlements in the area. This was confirmed by finds of the remains of a prehistoric village (on the Usseler Es). During World War II the village was bombed by Allied fighters strafing the retreating German forces. This unfortunately led to casualties in the village bakery. The village has a Dutch Reformed church, a church of the Christelijke Gemeente Nederland,

52-585: A lesser extent Belgium , by the monarchs of each country. It was first introduced by Louis Bonaparte in 1807, then King of Holland , who awarded the title to cultural associations. Companies awarded with the title may opt to use the English equivalent royal instead. It is comparable with the Royal Warrant in the United Kingdom. The word is also used in the names of some state-controlled organisations, such as

78-660: A penalty because it provided "decisive information" about the cartel which operated between 1996 and 1999 with others in the EU market. The brewers controlled 95% of the Dutch market, with Heineken claiming a half and the three others 15% each.   Former EU Competition Commissioner Neelie Kroes said, at the time, that she was "very disappointed" that the collusion took place at the very highest (boardroom) level. She added, Heineken, Grolsch, Bavaria and InBev tried to cover their tracks by using code names and abbreviations for secret meetings to carve up

104-606: A primary school and some shops. Of interest are the windmill (of the rare Stenderkast model), called Wissinks Möl ("Wissink's Mill"), and the Usseler Es , the man-made elevation forming the heart of the village farmlands. The village has a primary school, dating back to 1766 but now housed in a new building behind the church. Grolsch Brewery is located on the road to Boekelo. Usselo's rural landscape, notably its es, has been transformed by encroaching housing and industry. Usselo, together with neighbouring Boekelo and Enschede, hosts

130-507: A rival's product. Five beers are featured in the US market: Grolsch Lager, Grolsch Amber, Grolsch Blonde and Grolsch Light. Grolsch Premium Pilsner is available in a wide variety of serving sizes, including swing-top bottles, mini-kegs and half-barrels. The others have only been confirmed available in 6 pack, 12 oz bottles. Though built as a secondary facility, the Enschede brewery over the years became

156-604: Is a Dutch brewery founded in 1615 by Willem Neerfeldt in Groenlo . In 1895, the de Groen family bought the brewery. They had started their own brewery in Enschede in the early 19th century and held a significant stake until 2007. Today the main brewery is in Enschede. It was awarded the Koninklijk (Royal) title in 1995. Grolsch became part of the SABMiller group in 2008. As part of

182-538: Is by far the most important beer in its international profile, while its Amsterdam brand grew by 40% in 2006, primarily in Russia and France. For 25 years, Grolsch Premium Pilsner was brewed under licence in the UK by Grolsch (UK) Ltd., a joint venture with Coors Brewers Ltd until November 2019. It was no longer available in the UK after Asahi ended the JV. However, it was reintroduced into

208-508: Is classified as either a weakly podzolized Arenosol or as a weakly podzolized Regosol. Numerous radiocarbon dates, optically stimulated luminescence dates, pollen analyses, and archaeological evidence from a number of locations have been interpreted to show that the Usselo Soil formed as the result of pedogenesis during a period of landscape stability during the Allerød oscillation . Locally,

234-459: Is fit to be seen again." In November 2014, the brewery changed to new, smaller bottles that contain 300 mL for Grolsch Premium Pilsner, Grolsch Stender, Grolsch Radler and Kornuit. Koninklijk Koninklijk ( pronounced [ˈkoːnɪŋklək] , Dutch for 'royal') is an honorary title given to certain companies and non-profit organisations in the Netherlands and to

260-471: Is found in the Usselo Soil, and contemporaneous Lateglacial paleosols and organic sediments across Europe, may have been created by wildfires caused by a large bolide impact. This conclusion is based upon the reported occurrence of alleged extraterrestrial impact indicators and hypothetical correlations with Clovis -age organic beds in North America. However, many geologists and geomorphologists wholly dispute

286-526: Is now made of plastic. Bottles with porcelain tops are still in circulation in the Netherlands. They are popular with homebrewers , as they are very robust and can easily be sealed by hand without the expense of new crown seals . Occasionally, Grolsch will use different color bottles, depending on the brew, e.g. the bottle for blonde lager is yellow, while the 2.5 lemon variety came in a clear 250 mL bottle. In 2007, Grolsch also started using green bottles for

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312-495: The Koninklijke Marine . The monarch of the Netherlands has the right to appoint the royal title to a company or organisation. To qualify for a nomination, the company or organization has to meet the following conditions: As a rule, the monarch will award only one royal title per branch of business. Medical and financial corporations are excluded, as are organizations with political or religious goals. The King of

338-488: The 2008–2009 season. The stadium is named De Grolsch Veste (Grolsch Fortress), a reference to the history of fortified city Grol , the hometown of Grolsch. On 18 April 2007, the European Commission imposed fines on Heineken International of €219.3m, Grolsch of €31.65m and Bavaria of €22.85m for operating a price-fixing cartel in the Netherlands, totalling €273.7m. InBev , (formerly Interbrew ), escaped without

364-578: The Amsterdam brand of low-priced, mainly strong lagers for the European market. It is also sold in Singapore and Australia. In addition to the 'new' bottle, Grolsch uses a distinctively shaped bottle for some of its products, known as de beugel or ' swingtop '. Bottles of this type use a flip-top cap, eliminating the need for an opener. The brown domestic bottle contains 450ml, which is over one-third more than

390-591: The UK in late October 2020 with a lower ABV recipe at 4%. In 2002, the Canadian Sleeman Breweries purchased the rights to distribute Grolsch in Canada. In 2006, Grolsch ended its five-year relationship with importer United States Beverage, LLC, and signed a distribution agreement with Anheuser-Busch effective 1 April 2006, which was terminated following the SABMiller acquisition as A-B did not want to promote

416-535: The agreements made with regulators before Anheuser-Busch InBev was allowed to acquire SABMiller , the company sold Grolsch to Asahi Breweries in 2016. The Grolsch brewery was founded in 1615 in Groenlo . The city of Groenlo was then known as Grolle, hence the name Grolsch, meaning 'of Grolle'. Grolsch is best known for its 5% abv pale lager , Grolsch Premium Pilsner. The brewery was first operated by Willem Neerfeldt. Neerfeldt's son-in-law, Peter Sanford Kuyper, later took over. Grolsch was, as of February 2006,

442-635: The annual Military Boekelo Enschede , an international equestrian event usually held in October. The village is also notable for being the location of the novel, The Upstairs Room by Johanna Reiss . She was a Jewish girl taken into a family in Usselo while hiding from the German occupation during World War II . Further literary links consist of the poets H.H. ter Balkt , who was born in Usselo, and Willem Wilmink , who spent part of his youth in Usselo. Usselo observes

468-428: The capacity of the average Dutch beer bottle, while the green export bottle is slightly larger, at 467 mL. In 2008, the brewery introduced a slimmer design that is a consistent 450ml for both the domestic market and export. The new bottles can be opened by hand, using a lever at the side of the bottleneck. The label is applied over the lever in order to make any tampering evident. The top used to be made of porcelain , but

494-680: The company to Anheuser-Busch InBev . Further, in April 2016, the latter accepted Asahi Group Holdings Ltd.'s offer to buy not only Grolsch but also the Peroni and Meantime beer brands for €2.55 billion (US $ 2.9 billion). Grolsch is the 21st largest provider of beer in the world, and is available in 70 countries. Grolsch focuses primarily on the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. These primary markets make up 78% of Grolsch's international sales (by volume). Grolsch Premium Pilsner

520-441: The contemporaneous nature of the Usselo Soil with Clovis-age organic beds in North America, the presence of impact indicators within it, and the impact origin of the charcoal. The YDIH has now been refuted comprehensively by earth scientists and planetary impact specialists. Grolsch Brewery Koninklijke Grolsch N.V. ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˈɣrɔls] ; "Royal Grolsch"), known simply as Grolsch ,

546-525: The home market. Grolsch was the first major brewery to stop using the brown refillable bottles which were used by nearly every brewery in the Netherlands. The new green bottles have the Grolsch logo marked in the glass and come in a new package. The label is now placed higher at the neck of the bottle, and the bottles contain 10% more beer (now 330ml). The new bottle was introduced through the slogan 'Bier mag weer gezien worden', which translates roughly as, "Beer that

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572-528: The main producer of Grolsch. This brewery was heavily damaged during a fireworks explosion on 13 May 2000. The brewery in Groenlo has closed and a new brewery in Boekelo, near Enschede (replacing both the Groenlo and the old Enschede affiliate) was opened in 2004. To underline their ties with Enschede and the whole region Grolsch signed a deal with professional football club FC Twente to sponsor their stadium starting

598-411: The market for beer sold to supermarkets, hotels, restaurants and cafes. The price fixing extended to cheaper own-brand labels and rebates for bars. This is simply unacceptable: that major beer suppliers colluded to up prices and to carve up markets among themselves Grolsch produces a range of mainly pale lager beers from alcohol free to 11.6% abv : Speciality brews: Grolsch also produces

624-466: The period of landscape stability and pedogenesis associated with the formation of the Usselo Soil continued into the Younger Dryas stadial . The 'Usselo Soil' is an extremely important and very useful marker bed that is used by European archaeologists and geologists in their research. Proponents of the widely disputed Younger Dryas impact hypothesis (YDIH) proposed that the abundant charcoal , which

650-400: The second largest brewer in the Netherlands (after Heineken ) with annual production of 320 million litres. The domestic market comprises 51% of total production. On 19 November 2007, the board of Royal Grolsch NV accepted an €816 million offer for the company by SABMiller . The takeover was completed with the delisting of Grolsch's shares on 20 March 2008. SABMiller subsequently sold

676-552: The tradition of Noaberschop, which is the social framework governing relations in Twenthe. Usselo is the type site for the 'Usselo Soil', which is also known as either the 'Usselo horizon' or 'Usselo layer'. It is a distinctive and widespread Weichselian (Lateglacial) buried soil, paleosol , that is found within Lateglacial eolian sediments known as 'cover sands' in the Netherlands, western Germany, and western Denmark. This paleosol

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