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37-723: The UUUC was established in January 1974. It was organised by Harry West and constituted a formal electoral pact between his Ulster Unionist Party , the Democratic Unionist Party and the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party . West arranged the movement, having gained control of the UUP from Brian Faulkner , to galvanise opposition to power sharing arrangements that were being put in place and to run against Faulkner's Pro-Assembly Unionists who later formed themselves into

74-633: A Catholic background, according to the 2011 census . Fermanagh spans an area of 1,851 km (715 sq; mi), accounting for 13.2% of the landmass of Northern Ireland. Nearly a third of the county is covered by lakes and waterways, including Upper and Lower Lough Erne and the River Erne . Forests cover 14% of the landmass (42,000 hectares). It is the only county in Northern Ireland that does not border Lough Neagh . The county has three prominent upland areas: The county borders: Fermanagh

111-572: A Senior Provincial or an All-Ireland title in any Gaelic games, it is only one of two counties to win neither title. There are 22 GAA clubs in the county, this is the second least of all 32 counties (Longford now has the least, with 21 GAA clubs). Only Ballinamallard United F.C. take part in the Northern Ireland football league system . All other Fermanagh clubs play in the Fermanagh & Western FA league systems. Fermanagh Mallards F.C. played in

148-503: A lack of temperature extremes, according to the Köppen climate classification . The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty manages three sites of historic and natural beauty in the county: Crom Estate , Florence Court , and Castle Coole . The oldest sediments in the county are found north of Lough Erne. These so-called red beds were formed approximately 550 million years ago. Extensive sandstone can be found in

185-843: A member of the Ulster Unionist Council and was highly critical of his successor, James Molyneaux , for his opposition to proposals for power sharing devolution. He was married to Maureen Hall and they had four sons and three daughters. He was a Presbyterian . His nephew is James Cooper, who was chairman of the Ulster Unionist Party from 2003 to 2005 and unsuccessfully was the Party's candidate in Fermanagh and South Tyrone in 2001. County Fermanagh County Fermanagh ( / f ər ˈ m æ n ə / fər- MAN -ə ; from Irish Fir Manach / Fear Manach , meaning 'men of Manach')

222-647: A new Assembly that would use proportional representation but with smaller constituencies, the abolition of the Council of Ireland and any concept of cross-border institutions and the removal of the veto held by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland . In the general election of October that same year the UUUC lost West's seat, Fermanagh and South Tyrone , to Frank Maguire , an independent Republican running as an agreed candidate, leaving them with 10 overall. At Westminster

259-479: A potential coalition government with the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party . When it became clear that Craig's ideas were not in keeping with those of his partners, Vanguard split with his opponents setting up the United Ulster Unionist Party (UUUP) while Craig's supporters stayed with Vanguard which left the UUUC. The UUUC thereafter consisted of the UUP, DUP and UUUP. The UUUC set up

296-548: Is Enniskillen ( Inis Ceithleann , 'Ceithleann's island'). The island town hosts a range of attractions including the Castle Coole Estate and Enniskillen Castle , which is home to the museum of The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and the 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards . Fermanagh is also home to The Boatyard Distillery, a distillery producing gin . Attractions outside Enniskillen include: The classification of settlements by NISRA defines six categories following

333-467: Is by far the least populous of Northern Ireland's six counties, with just over one-third the population of Tyrone , the next least populous county. It is approximately 120 km (75 mi) from Belfast and 160 km (99 mi) from Dublin . The county town, Enniskillen, is the largest settlement in Fermanagh, situated in the middle of the county. The county enjoys a temperate oceanic climate ( Cfb' ) with cool winters, mild humid summers, and

370-422: Is one of the thirty-two counties of Ireland , one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of six counties of Northern Ireland . The county covers an area of 1,691 km (653 sq mi) and had a population of 63,585 as of 2021. Enniskillen is the county town and largest in both size and population. Fermanagh is one of four counties of Northern Ireland to have a majority of its population from

407-447: The April 1981 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election , shortly before his death. On Census Day 27 March 2011, the usually resident population of Fermanagh Local Government District , the borders of the district were very similar to those of the traditional County Fermanagh, was 61,805. Of these: On Census Day (2021), the usually resident population of Fermanagh Local Government District ,

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444-640: The Leinster coast c.  216 BC . They later settled around Lough Erne , becoming known as the Fir Manach, and giving their name to Fermanagh and Monaghan . Mongán mac Fiachnai , a 7th-century King of Ulster , is the protagonist of several legends linking him with Manannán mac Lir . They spread across Ireland , evolving into historic Irish (also Scottish and Manx) clans. The Annals of Ulster which cover medieval Ireland between AD 431 to AD 1540 were written at Belle Isle on Lough Erne near Lisbellaw . In

481-788: The Lough Allen basin. The basin is estimated to contain 9.4 trillion cubic metres of natural gas , equivalent to 1.5 billion barrels of oil . The county is situated over a sequence of prominent faults, primarily the Killadeas – Seskinore Fault , the Tempo – Sixmilecross Fault , the Belcoo Fault and the Clogher Valley Fault which cross-cuts Lough Erne. The Menapii are the only known Celtic tribe specifically named on Ptolemy 's 150 AD map of Ireland , where they located their first colony—Menapia—on

518-687: The South Down constituency in the October 1974 general election , but his opposition to the restoration of Stormont and preference for greater integration with the United Kingdom was to cause ruptures within the party. West himself lost his seat in Parliament due to a pact between Nationalists, so having the dubious distinction of being the only MP who served between the two general elections in 1974 who never served in any other Parliament, but he remained leader of

555-550: The Unionist Party of Northern Ireland . The UUUC first tested its political credentials in the 1974 general election and the party captured 11 out of 12 Northern Irish seats (7 UUP, 3 VUPP, 1 DUP), whilst the Pro-Assembly Unionists failed to win any seats. In April the group arranged a coalition conference at Portrush during which they agreed a joint policy statement that included an end to power-sharing, elections to

592-467: The 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses, where noted with an "N/A". Baronies Parishes Townlands Newspapers There are 41 primary schools currently in operation in County Fermanagh, 10 secondary schools, one special school and one further education college. Primary Schools Secondary Schools Further Education College Special School Closed Schools Fermanagh GAA has never won

629-413: The 2011 census (ignoring Belfast and Derry City which have their own separate categories), namely; Large towns, Medium towns, Small towns, Intermediate settlements, Villages and Small villages or hamlets. The majority of the settlements in County Fermanagh lie within the final category, five within the village category and one each in the intermediate settlements and medium towns categories. No settlements in

666-681: The Stormont government was dissolved in 1972. West emerged as a fierce critic of the negotiations that would lead to the Sunningdale Agreement , and led the "anti-White Paper" Unionists in the Northern Ireland Assembly, 1973 . When in January 1974 the Ulster Unionist Council voted against Faulkner's course of action the latter was forced into resignation. West succeeded him as leader of the party and sought to regain much of

703-465: The UK without a railway service. The county was administered by Fermanagh County Council from 1899 until the abolition of county councils in Northern Ireland in 1973. With the creation of Northern Ireland's district councils, Fermanagh District Council became the only one of the 26 that contained all of the county from which it derived its name. After the re-organisation of local government in 2015, Fermanagh

740-636: The Ulster Unionists. The 1979 general election was relatively disappointing for the Ulster Unionists, as they won only five of the province's twelve constituencies. In June 1979 West stood as one of two candidates in the first elections to the European Parliament . However he was unsuccessful in the Single Transferable Vote constituency for the entire province and had the personal humiliations of seeing rival DUP leader Ian Paisley top

777-604: The United Unionist Action Council (UUAC) in 1977 a policy group and an activism co-ordinating committee. Chaired by Joseph Burns and featuring DUP leader Ian Paisley and UUUP leader Ernest Baird , the group included representatives from loyalist paramilitary groups the Ulster Defence Association , Down Orange Welfare and the Orange Volunteers and also organised its own vigilante group under

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814-513: The borders of the district were very similar to those of the traditional County Fermanagh, was 63,585. Of these: Agriculture and tourism are two of the most important industries in Fermanagh. The main types of farming in the area are beef, dairy, sheep, pigs and some poultry. Most of the agricultural land is used as grassland for grazing and silage or hay rather than for other crops. The waterways are extensively used by cabin cruisers, other small pleasure craft and anglers. The main town of Fermanagh

851-643: The coalition operated under the name of Unionist Parliamentary Coalition with West accepted as leader until his elimination from parliament when Jim Molyneaux took over as coalition chief. The UUUC remained fairly coherent as it united behind the Ulster Workers Council Strike in mid 1974 and continued for 1975 elections to the Constitutional Convention in which the group won 46 out of the 78 seats. The UUUC began to fall apart in 1976 when VUPP leader William Craig suggested working in

888-484: The county are classified as Large towns or Small towns. (population of 18,000 or more and under 75,000 at 2011 Census) (population of 10,000 or more and under 18,000 at 2011 Census) (population of 5,000 or more and under 10,000 at 2011 Census) (population of 2,500 or more and under 4,500 at 2011 Census) (population of 1,000 or more and under 2,500 at 2011 Census) (population of less than 1,000 at 2011 Census) Population statistics were not made available from

925-479: The early 9th century, the Erne was considered to be the boundary of Connacht and Ulster , specifically the over-kingdom of Airgíalla . The Fir Manach proper, Tirkennedy and Magherastephana , along with Clankelly were part of the western Airgíalla group-kingdom of Uí Creamthainn with its seat at Clogher , whereas Lurg was associated with the northern Airgíalla branch of Uí Fiachrach centred at Ardstraw . Fermanagh

962-807: The eastern part of the county, laid down during the Devonian , 400 million years ago. Much of the rest of the county's sediments are shale and limestone dating from the Carboniferous , 354 to 298 million years ago. These softer sediments have produced extensive cave systems such as the Shannon Cave , the Marble Arch Caves and the Caves of the Tullybrack and Belmore hills . The carboniferous shale exists in several counties of northwest Ireland, an area known colloquially as

999-605: The name Ulster Service Corps . The UUAC helped organise the May 1977 strike by the Ulster Workers Council , that sought to repeat the effects of 1974. However the second strike proved much less effective and did not get the backing of the Ulster Unionists, who in fact campaigned against it. The strike proved the final straw for the UUUC with the UUP, DUP and UUUP going their separate ways after it collapsed. Harry West Henry William West (27 March 1917 – 5 February 2004)

1036-465: The new settlement were the families of Cole, Blennerhasset, Butler, Hume, and Dunbar. Fermanagh was made into a county by a statute of Elizabeth I, but it was not until the time of the Plantation of Ulster that it was finally brought under civil government. The closure of all the lines of Great Northern Railway (Ireland) within County Fermanagh in 1957 left the county as the first non-island county in

1073-517: The party. The UUUC lasted another few years and won the overwhelming majority of the seats in the 1975 Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention which sought to gain consensus on the future of the province. When the Vanguard Party fell apart over proposals for a voluntary coalition with the Social Democratic and Labour Party , West negotiated with Craig for the majority faction to merge into

1110-460: The poll, fellow Ulster Unionist John Taylor win one of the seats and former Ulster Unionist member James Kilfedder performing better than West to become runner up. West resigned shortly afterwards. He remained active in the Ulster Unionists for some years and was the party's unsuccessful candidate in the bitter April 1981 by-election in Fermanagh and South Tyrone caused by the death of the sitting MP Frank Maguire , West received 29,046 votes and

1147-413: The power-sharing executive. West himself stood in Fermanagh and South Tyrone and won, albeit due to a split nationalist vote. The UUUC campaigned fiercely for the abolition of the executive, which came about in May 1974 following a general strike. West continued to seek ways to expand unionism and recruited the ex- Conservative Member of Parliament Enoch Powell to the party. Powell stood for and won

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1184-616: The support that the party had lost to breakaway and other Unionist groupings. In the February 1974 general election West negotiated the United Ulster Unionist Coalition with the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party , led by Craig, and the Democratic Unionist Party , led by Ian Paisley , which would put up a single anti-Sunningdale Unionist candidate in all twelve constituencies on a platform of abolishing

1221-573: Was a Northern Irish unionist politician who served as leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) from 1974 until 1979. West was born in County Fermanagh and educated at Portora Royal School in Enniskillen . He worked as a farmer, taking an interest in local government, but it was not until 1954 that he entered Stormont as member for the Enniskillen seat, succeeding Thomas Nelson . In 1960 he

1258-702: Was a stronghold of the Maguire clan and Donn Carrach Maguire (died 1302) was the first of the chiefs of the Maguire dynasty. However, on the confiscation of lands relating to Hugh Maguire , Fermanagh was divided in a similar manner to the other five escheated counties among Scottish and English undertakers and native Irish. The baronies of Knockninny and Magheraboy were allotted to Scottish undertakers, those of Clankelly , Magherastephana and Lurg to English undertakers and those of Clanawley , Coole , and Tyrkennedy , to servitors and natives. The chief families to benefit under

1295-528: Was appointed Minister of Agriculture in the government of Lord Brookeborough , which he was to retain under the leadership of Terence O'Neill . He became one of a number of Stormont MPs critical of O'Neill's conciliatory approach towards Nationalists and in 1969 he had the whip withdrawn, along with William Craig . In 1971 the whip was restored under the new Ulster Unionist leader and Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Brian Faulkner . West became Minister of Agriculture once more and retained that position until

1332-399: Was defeated by Bobby Sands standing on an Anti-H-Block/Armagh Political Prisoner ticket with 30,493 votes; Sands died twenty-six days after his election. West was considered to have fought a lacklustre campaign, and the UUP chose Ken Maginnis instead to fight the second by-election; although he did not win he was considered to have fought a more dynamic campaign. Afterwards West remained

1369-472: Was still the only county wholly within one council area, namely Fermanagh and Omagh District Council , albeit that it constituted only a part of that entity. For the purposes of elections to the UK Parliament, the territory of Fermanagh is part of the Fermanagh and South Tyrone Parliamentary Constituency . This constituency elected Provisional IRA hunger-striker Bobby Sands as a member of parliament in

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