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24-400: The college was founded in 1874. Its first headmaster, Cormell Price , took twelve boys with him to the new school from Haileybury College , where he had been a housemaster. For its home the school occupied a terrace of twelve substantial villas, recently built, which still survive under the name of Kipling Terrace. In his book Schooldays with Kipling (1936), George Beresford noted that as

48-636: A new gateway and lodge were built by the Marquess of Downshire . Between 1805 and 1809, the castle became the home of the East India Company College . In 1822, a general dispensary was established at the castle by the Rev. Thomas Lloyd, who was a prime mover in charitable work in the town. In 1911, the Hertford Corporation leased the gatehouse of the castle (which was all that then remained) from

72-656: A royal residence and in 1299 Edward I gave it to his second wife Margaret . During the reign of Edward II the castle saw its first political prisoners, some of the Knights Templar , in 1309. Edward's wife Isabella of France and their son, Edward III both spent much time in the castle, and Isabella died in the castle in 1358. During the Hundred Years' War the castle was used to detain prisoners of royal and noble rank. These included King David II of Scotland and, in 1359, King John II of France . The following year

96-561: Is a Norman era castle built beside the River Lea in Hertford , the county town of Hertfordshire , England . Most of the internal buildings of the structure have been demolished. The main surviving section is the Tudor gatehouse, which is a Grade I listed building. Parts of the bailey walls on the east side of the castle also still stand, and are a Grade II* listed building. Hertford Castle

120-672: Is to be built." It was still at Westward Ho! under the headmastership of the Rev. F. W. Tracy, M.A. in February 1904, but in April 1904, the Senior Division of the school was re-opened at Harpenden , in Hertfordshire , and the Junior Division at Bognor , Sussex . At Harpenden, the school took over the empty buildings of St George's School. Only temporary arrangements were made at first , while

144-821: The East India Company . The East India College was initially based at Hertford Castle , but substantial grounds in Hertford Heath were acquired for future development. William Wilkins , the architect of Downing College, Cambridge , and the National Gallery in London, was appointed principal architect. The buildings compose four ranges which enclose an area known as Quad, the second-largest academic quadrangle in Britain after Christ Church, Oxford . The East India College closed in 1858 and, four years later, Haileybury College

168-563: The Rugby Group and enrols pupils at the 11+, 13+ and 16+ stages of education. Over 890 pupils attend Haileybury, of whom more than 550 board . The campus occupies over 500 acres of Hertfordshire countryside, approximately 20 miles from London. Haileybury was judged 'Excellent in all areas' in its 2022 Inspection Report by the Independent Schools Inspectorate (ISI). In 2022, 90% of A Level/IB grades were awarded at A*-B, or

192-455: The cane ) was used, but USC was very unusual in that the cane was applied to the student's upper back (as described by Kipling) rather than the buttocks. Haileybury and Imperial Service College Haileybury is an English co-educational public school (fee-charging boarding and day school for 11- to 18-year-olds) located in Hertford Heath , Hertfordshire . It is a member of

216-473: The Imperial Service College Trust raised funds. It did not stay there long, as it could not come to terms with its new landlord. Between 20 and 22 June of 1904, a public auction of the school's furniture and equipment at Westward Ho! took place. The school remained divided between Harpenden and Bognor in 1905. In April 1906 came an announcement that the Senior Division, still under F. W. Tracy,

240-494: The building of the flint walls, drawbridges and gatehouses. The castle was further strengthened during the reign of Richard I by his regent , William Longchamp . By this time the castle was governed by the Crown after Robert de Valognes had died in 1184 leaving no male heirs. However it had been claimed by Robert Fitzwalter , Robert de Valoignes's son-in-law. He seized the castle and installed his own tenants and garrison. Although he

264-549: The buildings. He then assigned his lease to Sir William Cowper, Collector of Customs at the Port of London. From this time the castle remained in the ownership of the Cecil family, who leased it out to a succession of occupiers, many of them successors to William Cowper. Around 1790 the south wing was added to the gatehouse. The windows of the existing gatehouse were all remodelled, and the parapet added with its brick battlements. Around 1800

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288-456: The castle to his wife. Henry himself spent little time at Hertford, but he is recorded as having made two visits to Sele Mill , a paper mill just outside the town, where he appears to have sourced a supply of paper. His son Henry VIII spent considerable sums turning the castle into a civilian palace, including building the gatehouse, which still stands. Subsequently, Edward VI granted the castle to Princess Mary . During her eventual reign,

312-690: The castle was granted to Edward's third son, John of Gaunt who spent much time there, using it as his chief country home when not abroad on campaigns. The defences were repaired and strengthened again at this time. When John of Gaunt died in 1399, Richard II seized all the Lancastrian estates, including Hertford Castle, where he installed his new wife, the eight-year-old Princess Isabella of Valois . The castle continued to remain in royal hands and in 1418 Henry V granted it to his new wife, Princess Katherine of France , and they spent much time there together. Henry's son Henry VI spent much of his infancy at

336-491: The castle was used to imprison Protestant martyrs . Elizabeth I was a frequent visitor to Hertford. From the reign of James I the castle ceased to be a royal residence and it fell into decay. After Charles I came to the throne, the castle was granted to William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury . Much of the castle was now in ruins, having not been used since Tudor times. The castle was leased to Sir William Harrington of Hertingfordbury Park, who carried out work to restore

360-559: The castle. In 1445 he married Margaret of Anjou and granted her the castle. However as a result of the Wars of the Roses the crown went to Edward IV who granted the castle to his wife, Elizabeth Woodville . When Richard III became king, the castle was granted to one of his greatest supporters, the Duke of Buckingham . Henry VII married Elizabeth of York in 1486 and the following year he conferred

384-612: The equivalent. In 2023, the school saw 43.9% of its candidates score A*/A Haileybury hosts its own Model United Nations Conference every year, for over a thousand pupils, making it largest MUN conference in the UK. The conference is typically held the weekend before the Easter holiday. The Haileybury campus originally belonged to, and was occupied by, the East India College , the training establishment founded in 1806 for administrators of

408-691: The first batch of pupils pass their IGCSE exams. Since August 2011, Haileybury Almaty has opened a sixth form . In 2016, 11 pupils graduated from the sixth form, with one getting admission to Trinity College, Cambridge University , and 6 securing places at University College, London (UCL). A second school, in the Kazakhstan capital, Nur-Sultan , was opened in September 2011. Past pupils are known as Old Haileyburians . For details of notable alumni, see List of people educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College . Hertford Castle Hertford Castle

432-532: The villas and hotels of Westward Ho! were not a thriving township, it was easy for the school to lease "ample acreage for football and cricket fields". Rudyard Kipling was a boy at the school from 1878 to 1882, and his book Stalky & Co. (1899), set in a school referred to as "the Coll.", was based on his years at the United Services College. Cormell Price retired as headmaster in 1894, and this event

456-644: Was built on a site first fortified by Edward the Elder around 913. By the time of the Norman Invasion in 1066, a motte and bailey were on the site surrounded by a moat . William the Conqueror granted the castle to Peter de Valognes, the High Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire . Henry II took a great interest in the castle and its potential and it was practically reconstructed between 1170 and 1174. This included

480-501: Was marked by a speech by Kipling, already the most notable former pupil, on 25 July 1894. The speech was later printed in Kipling's College (1929). The College suffered financial difficulties in 1903, and after rumours about its future had circulated came newspaper reports in July of that year that "The United Services College. Westward Ho! ... is to be merged in an Imperial Service College, which

504-504: Was responsible for making the school fully co-educational. In 2006/2007, Haileybury advised on the building of a Haileybury in Almaty , Kazakhstan where all English GCSEs are taught and the curriculum is taught similarly under the guidance of Haileybury. The school, opened in September 2008, is known as Haileybury Almaty. The pupils are made up mostly of Kazakhstan citizens. They are all required to speak English. The academic year 2010–11 saw

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528-636: Was set up as a boarding school for boys on the site. The first headmaster was Arthur Gray Butler . In 1942, Haileybury and the Imperial Service College (which had itself subsumed the United Services College ) merged to become Haileybury and Imperial Service College, now referred to simply as Haileybury. In the late 20th century, reforming headmaster David Jewell took charge of Haileybury, bringing it out of its post-Cold War austerity. Stuart Westley , Master of Haileybury until July 2009,

552-449: Was subsequently evicted by King John , he was eventually appointed governor of the castle. Following the death of Angelo Salvo in 1216, a French invasion besieged the castle for a month until the governor, Walter de Godarvil, surrendered. However the country then supported Henry III and by 1217 the French had left. Following this the castle's military role became secondary to its use as

576-503: Was to move to Onslow Hall, Richmond Green , on 4 May. In the event, it stayed there only for the Summer term. The school next merged with St Mark's School, Windsor , later in 1906, but it continued to use the name "United Services College, Windsor", until 1911. It was then renamed as "Imperial Service College", and this was merged with Haileybury College in 1942. As at virtually all boys' schools of its era, corporal punishment (strokes of

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