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21-453: According to some texts Uddhava was also Krishna's cousin, being the son of Devabhaga, who was the brother of Vasudeva , Krishna's father. His physical appearance was so like that of Krishna's that in some instances, he is mistaken for the latter. The Mahabharata mentions that Uddhava was a minister of the Vrishnis , whom they all regarded and respected. The Bhagavata Purana mentions that Uddhava

42-574: A pronounced ā ) is a popular name of Krishna , the son of Vasudeva and Devaki . "Vāsudeva" is a vṛddhi , a derivative of the short form "Vasudeva", a linguistic pragmatic in Sanskrit signifying "of, belonging to, descended from". "Vasudeva" as an object of worship in Hinduism usually refers to the son Vāsudeva (Krishna), rather than his father Vasudeva. Vasudeva was born to the Yadava king Shurasena in

63-518: A daughter – Vatsala/Shashirekha. Krishna had eight principal wives , and he begat many children from them, such as Pradyumna , Samba , Bhanu etc., and they also had many children. Vasudeva's daughter Subhadra married Pandava prince Arjuna , and they had a son Abhimanyu . Ultimately, it was Abhimanyu's son Parikshit who ascended the Kuru throne after Yudhishthira . Many of the Yadavas killed themselves in

84-784: A powerful warrior merchant class of south India and ruled nayaka dynasties . The sons of Vasudeva were related to Bhagavatism that was largely formed by the 1st-millennium BCE where Vāsudeva (Krishna, the son of Vasudeva) was worshiped as supreme ultimate reality. This is evidenced by texts and archaeological evidence. As textual evidence, the Mahanarayana Upanishad records the verse: नारायाणाय विद्महे वासुदेवाय धीमहि तन्नो विष्णुः प्रचोदयात् nārāyāṇāya vidmahē vāsudēvāya dhīmahi tannō viṣṇuḥ pracōdayāt We endeavor to know Narayana, we meditate on Vāsudeva and Vishnu bestows wisdom on us. This verse asserts that Narayana, Vāsudeva (Krishna), and Vishnu are synonymous. The author and

105-445: Is Kunti's and Vasudeva's sister. He is named "Dantavakra" as his teeth were crooked after his birth. Viduratha is his brother. He is an ally of Jarasandha , Kamsa , Shishupala , and Paundraka , and an enemy of Vasudeva Krishna . The Harivamsha Purana depicts Dantavakra in a more sympathetic light. After learning of Krishna's intention of eloping with Princess Rukmini during her svayamvara , he confers with his allies in

126-417: Is said to have performed a yajna (a ritual sacrifice) in his hermitage . Kashyapa sought the help of the god Varuna for the offerings of milk and ghee . Varuna lent the sage a divine cow that would provide him the required offerings. After completing the sacrifice, Kashyapa delayed in returning the cow back to the deity. Varuna cursed the sage and his wife, Aditi, to be born on earth as Vasudeva and Devaki,

147-560: Is the king of Karusha in Hinduism . Dantavakra is the third and last birth of Vishnu's gatekeeper, Vijaya , while his brother Jaya is Shishupala . According to the Padma Purana (VI.274.16-7), he is of Chaidya lineage. According to the Vishnu Purana (IV.XIV.40), and some editions of Bhagavata Purana (X.78.5-6) he is a son of Vriddhasharman and Shrutadeva (or Shrutadevi), who

168-939: The Surasena kingdom of Khandalwansha. Vasudeva had many brothers such as Devashrava and Devabhaga, and 5 sisters Srutakirti, Kunti , Rajadhidevi, Srutadeva (Mother of the Dantavakra ), Shrutasravas (mother of Shishupala ). According to the Harivamsa Purana , Vasudeva and Nanda , the Kshatriya chief of Gokula, were brothers or cousins. Vasudeva married Devaki , and also had other wives such as Pauravi Rohini , Madira, Vaishakhi, Bhadra, Sunama, Sahadeva, Shantideva, Shrideva, Devarakshita, Vrikadevi, Upadevi and Badarva. Rohini bore several sons, namely, Balarama , Sarana and Shatha. Vrikadevi gave birth to Avagaha and Nandaka. By Devaki, he had eight sons – six of whom were killed by Kamsa and

189-480: The Yadava fratricide . Krishna, Balarama and Vasudeva later gave up their lives, and the Pandavas collected the remaining Yadava children and ladies with them to Indraprastha , where Pradyumma's grandson Vajra was crowned as king of Mathura , and some other survivors also were crowned as kings of different places. (See Mausala Parva ) .Many migrated southwards and known as vira balija or vir banajiga and created

210-616: The Yadavas had to perish, stating that due to the insolence caused by their prowess, heroism, and fortune, the Yadavas wished to conquer the entirety of the earth. He informed him that the earth would suffer if he did not take his clan with him before his demise. Greatly saddened by this, Uddhava approached Krishna and besought him to take him as well. In reply, Krishna expounded the Uddhava Gita. Vasudeva Vasudeva ( Sanskrit : वसुदेव, IAST : Vasudeva ), also called Anakadundubhi ( anakas and dundubhis both refer to drums , after

231-518: The century in which the above Mahanarayana Upanishad was composed is unknown. The relative chronology of the text, based on its poetic verse and textual style, has been proposed by Parmeshwaranand to the same period of composition as Katha , Isha , Mundaka and Shvetashvatara Upanishads , but before Maitri , Prashna and Mandukya Upanishad . Feuerstein places the relative composition chronology of Mahanarayana to be about that of Mundaka and Prashna Upanishads . These relative chronology estimates date

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252-594: The city of Kundina, and expresses the desire to contract a friendship with the deity, realising that he is God himself. In the epic Mahabharata 2:30, he is mentioned as the king of the Adhirajas. After the Pandava general Sahadeva defeats him, making him pay tribute, he is reinstalled on his throne. He attacks Krishna, who is on his way to Dvaraka , after the Rajasuya sacrifice (which Dantavakra had not attended, to protest

273-406: The court of a Shunga king, and addresses himself as a Bhagavata on this pillar, an epithet scholars consider as evidence of Vāsudeva worship was well established in 1st millennium BCE. A popular short prayer for worshipping Vāsudeva is Dwadashaakshar . Sage Kashyapa is said to have incarnated as Vasudeva, the father of Krishna, due to a curse of the deities Varuna or Brahma . Once, the sage

294-477: The impending destruction of the Yaduvamsha community, in which Krishna was also brought up, born as a Kshatriya . Uddhava was famous as a devotee and a dear friend of Krishna, but even he could not fathom why he had not prevented the destruction from happening. Brahma , the creator and the celestials implored Krishna to return to his divine abode after the purpose of his descent was over. Krishna then explained why

315-473: The message and the feelings aroused by it when heard by the residents of Vrindavana constitute the highest understanding of the love of God in the tradition of Gaudiya Vaishnavism . Krishna delivered the Uddhava Gita (also referred to as Hamsa Gita ) to Uddhava shortly before he left the world in order to help console Uddhava after his forthcoming departure. It commences with Uddhava's perplexity after he saw

336-513: The musicians who played these instruments at the time of his birth), is the father of the Hindu deities Krishna ( Vāsudeva , i.e. "son of Vasudeva"), Balarama , and Subhadra . He was a king of the Vrishnis . The son of the Yadava king Shurasena , he was also the second cousin of Nanda , the foster-father of Krishna. His sister Kunti was married to Pandu . The patronymic Vāsudeva (with

357-540: The other two being Balarama (transferred into the womb of Rohini) and Krishna . He also had a daughter – Subhadra from Rohini. In some versions of the Bhagavata Purana, Vasudeva also married Sutanu, the princess of Kasi, and they had a son named Paundraka . Vasudeva traced a number of descendants through his sons. Sarana had many sons like Satyadhriti and Marsti, and Shatha had a son called Sarthi. Balarama married Revati and had two sons – Nishatha and Ulmuka &

378-588: The parents of Vishnu in his avatar of Krishna. In other iterations, Kashyapa is stated to have stolen a divine cow from Varuna for the performance of a ritual sacrifice. The deity requested Brahma for his intervention. For his theft of a cow, Brahma cursed Kashyapa to be born on earth as a cowherd. Since his wives, Aditi and Surasa, had assisted him in concealing the cows in his hermitage, they were also born on earth as his two wives, Devaki and Rohini . Traditional Dantavakra Dantavakra ( Sanskrit : दन्तवक्र , lit.   'crooked-teeth')

399-602: The text to second half of 1st millennium BCE. Srinivasan suggests a later date for the composition of the Mahanarayana Upanishad, one after about 300 BCE and probably in the centuries around the start of the common era. Other evidence is from archeological inscriptions, where Bhagavan is documented epigraphically to be from around 100 BCE, such as in the inscriptions of the Heliodorus pillar . An Indo-Greek ambassador from Taxila named Heliodorus, of this era, visited

420-498: Was a disciple of Brihaspati . In the Bhagavata Purana and Brahmavaivarta Purana , after Krishna had defeated Kamsa , Uddhava came to see him, much to Krishna's pleasure. Krishna requested Uddhava to visit Vrindavana with a message on his behalf to the gopis and other residents of the village, who were missing his company. Krishna asks Uddhava to tell the people of Vrindavana to forget about him because he needed to be forgotten by his devotees to complete his duties on earth. Uddhava

441-475: Was so mesmerised with the devotion of Radha and gopis towards Krishna that he stayed in Vrindavana for the next six months, where he also asked the gopis to be his teachers. The gopis told him that when Akrura came to Vrindavana, he took their Krishna with him, and rhetorically asked him if he was there to take away their memories of him from them as well, to which Uddhava was rendered speechless. The content of

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