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45-454: The Beneficent Spiritist Center União do Vegetal (Portuguese: Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal [ˈsẽtɾwisˈpiɾitɐ benefiˈsẽtʃ uniˈɐ̃w du veʒeˈtaw] ; or UDV ) is a religious society founded on July 22, 1961 in Porto Velho ( Rondônia ) by José Gabriel da Costa, known as Mestre Gabriel . The UDV seeks to promote peace and to "work for the evolution of the human being in

90-466: A conical shape, with a concave-shaped base. Each tank is elevated from the ground by four columns made of iron lattice on concrete foundations. They are at the height of the bulge surrounded by a walkway railing with metal lattice through which arrives via a ladder. Each reservoir has a capacity for 200,000 liters and supplied the city of Porto Velho by the year 1957, working as gravity-fed reservoirs. The Cathedral had its construction initiated in 1917, but

135-502: A halt. Porto Velho's modern history begins with the discovery of cassiterite around the city, and of gold on the Madeira River , at the end of the 1950s. In addition, the government's decision to allow large cattle farms in the territory began a trend of migration into the city. Almost one million people moved to Rondônia, and Porto Velho's population increased to three hundred thousand. This intense migration caused much trouble for

180-537: A network of national research and dissemination components, comprising: Also in Rio are five boards and a school: Executive Directors (ED), Directorate of Research (DPE), Department of Geosciences (DGC), Department of Informatics (DI), Center for Documentation and Information Dissemination (CDDI) and the National School of Statistical Sciences  [ pt ] , a degree-granting institution. The Directorate of Research

225-405: A sudden halt. Cities like Santo Antônio do Madeira , which had a tram line and a weekly newspaper by the time of Porto Velho's foundation, are still nothing but ruins to this day. Porto Velho's survival is associated with the better conditions of the area where it was built, its easy access by the river and its harbor: these were all considerations in the choice of Porto Velho as the capital of

270-519: A treatment for depression. Porto Velho Porto Velho ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpoʁtu ˈvɛʎu] , Old Port ) is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia , in the upper Amazon River basin. The population is 548,952 people (as of the IBGE 2021 estimation). Located on the border of Rondônia and the state of Amazonas , the town is an important trading center for cassiterite ,

315-539: Is both the westernmost and northernmost city in the state. Officially founded on October 2, 1914, Porto Velho was founded by pioneers around 1907, during the construction of the Madeira-Mamoré railroad . After the railroad was completed, the local population was about one thousand inhabitants; its buildings were chiefly the railway's installations and the wooden houses of the Caribbean (mainly Barbadian ) workers - hence

360-517: Is conducted solely by the IBGE, as enshrined in law. Comprehensive demographic data is collected on the population (including age, income, sex, etc.), as well as housing stock. Unlike approaches taken in other countries (e.g., the United States ), the questionnaire asks respondents to self-identify by skin color , phrasing the question as " Color or Race ". The most recent census was conducted in 2010;

405-594: Is housed in a warehouse that was used for loading and unloading for almost a century. One can see hundreds of materials in this preserved railway. The museum has several pieces from the time of its construction and operation. Besides the first locomotive brought to the Amazon, the Coronel Church , there is also a 'stork and a tricycle', used to transport the line foremen who checked lathes, machines, furniture, as well as photographs of workers, books, documents and more. The museum

450-561: Is located at Avenida September 7 - Railroad Square Madeira-Mamore. Outside the museum, on the waterfront, you can take a ride in one of the "barges" to Teotônio waterfall. Also known as The Three Marias, the water tanks are in the center of town, in the square of the same name. The first was erected in 1910 and the other two in 1912. They were designed and built by Chicago Bridge & Iron Works of Chicago as per information contained in cast-iron plate, carved pilasters on each of them. There are three cylindrical tanks, covered with metal sheets in

495-541: Is made by boiling two plants, mariri ( Banisteriopsis caapi ) and chacrona ( Psychotria viridis ), both of which are native to the Amazon rainforest . In its sessions, UDV members drink Hoasca tea for the effect of mental concentration. In Brazil, the use of Hoasca in religious rituals was regulated by the Brazilian federal government's National Drug Policy Council on January 25, 2010. The policy established legal norms for

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540-459: Is responsible for estimating populations annually for every municipality in the country, and these population counts enhance the quality of estimates. The first population count was conducted in 1996, not only to update population data, but also to get municipality level data after the emergence and redefinition of new municipalities after the census of 1991. The most recent count was done in 2007, delayed from 2005 because of budgetary concerns, and

585-519: Is responsible for planning and coordinating the research of nature and processing of statistical data collected by the state units; the Department of Geosciences is responsible for basic cartography , the national geodetic system, with a survey of natural resources and environment and by survey and geographical studies. The Center for Documentation and Information Dissemination is responsible for documentation and dissemination of information produced by

630-713: Is short and covers the months of June, July and August. Porto Velho is particularly wet from November through April, averaging roughly 200 mm (7.9 in) of rain per month in each of these months. According to the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), between 1961 and 1990 the lowest temperature recorded in Porto Velho was 7.4 °C or 45.3 °F in July 1975, and the highest reached 40.9 °C or 105.6 °F in August 1969. The Amazon has over half of

675-552: The Bom Futuro National Forest , established in 1988. The majority of the forest surrounding Porto Velho has been cut down, however. As of 2005 , GDP for the city was R$ 3,656,512,000. The per capita income for the city was R$ 9,779 for the same year. Porto Velho International Airport , 7 km from the city, has its main access at the Av. Governador Jorge Teixeira de Oliveira, with two lanes. Buses from downtown run to

720-541: The Iara , the Boto and Mapinguari folklore , influenced by migrants. As for handicrafts , there are various exhibitions of indigenous works, utilities and adornment using raw materials like clay , vines, bamboo and rubber . The Artisan's House serves as a support to the initiatives of the genre. The collection of library articles in municipal Porto Velho was waiting for a permanent headquarters for several years until completion of

765-540: The Mapinguari National Park , a 1,776,914 hectares (4,390,850 acres) conservation unit created in 2008. It also contains part of the 221,218 hectares (546,640 acres) Jacundá National Forest , a sustainable use conservation unit. The municipality contains 66% of the 197,364 hectares (487,700 acres) Jaci Paraná Extractive Reserve , created in 1996. It contains the 18,281 hectares (45,170 acres) Mujica Nava Ecological Station , created in 1996. It contains part of

810-578: The Roncador Ecological Reserve , situated 35 km south of Brasília. Gives an overview of the economy and describes the phenomena of economic life: production, consumption and wealth accumulation, providing a comprehensive and simplified representation of these data. The System of National Accounts IBGE follows the most recent UN recommendations expressed in the Handbook of National Accounts (System of National Accounts 1993 , SNA), including

855-435: The 2016 count was completely cancelled for similar reasons. The agricultural census collects information on agricultural establishments, forests and/or aquaculture of all municipalities of the country. The goal of this research is to update previous census data and to provide information about economic, social, and environmental farming. Since 1996, the census has occurred roughly every 10 years. The 1996 agricultural census

900-537: The 2020 census was delayed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic . A simpler population count (contagem de população) is theoretically made in the interval between two censuses, starting in 1996. These aim to update the data on the number of inhabitants, of great importance to Brazil's cities, because annual grants from the Municipalities Participation Fund are determined mainly by population. The IBGE

945-574: The American membership from Brazil. U.S. Customs agents seized a shipment and raided a UDV member's office, finding over 30 gallons of Hoasca tea in 1999. The UDV sued in 2000, seeking exemption from the Controlled Substances Act and equal treatment under the law. In 2001, the 10th Circuit Court of New Mexico granted a preliminary injunction preventing the government from interfering with UDV's religious use of Hoasca. The government appealed and

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990-574: The Bahia Carnival, with electric trios and 'Axé' groups. Two theaters enliven the cultural sector: The Municipal Theater, Avenida Nabuco (center) and Theatre Uirassu Rodrigues, Jose Bonifacio Street. The railway complex is located the Museum of Railroad Madeira-Mamore, in the city center. Within it lies the State Museum, with abundant material on archeology , ethnology and Mineralogy . The Museum

1035-495: The Municipal Library next to City Hall. The space has two air-conditioned floors in the city center. The Carnival takes place every year, attracting a large number of people from other cities and neighboring states of Rondônia. During the carnival, there are the parades of carnival and samba schools; among the best known are The Diplomats, Asfaltão, among others. In July Carnival happens out of season, with characteristics of

1080-520: The United States as a Schedule I drug. Plants, animals, and humans containing DMT are not. Neither Banisteriopsis caapi nor Psychotria viridis are listed in any schedule of the Controlled Substances Act. A study of UDV members by psychiatrist Charles Grob of the UCLA School of Medicine found them to be psychologically and physically healthier than average, and he has recommended ayahuasca as

1125-432: The airport every hour, and there is a fleet of taxis serving only the airport. The airport is served by 98 scheduled flights weekly, most going to other large Brazilian cities. The presence of Porto Velho Air Force Base ensures considerable movement of military aircraft. The local people refer to Porto Velho International as Belmont Airport because it is located in this district. It became an international airport in 2002. It

1170-517: The appeals court stayed the injunction of the lower court. In December 2004, the Supreme Court lifted a stay thereby allowing the church to use Hoasca tea in their sessions. The Supreme Court heard oral arguments for the case on November 1, 2005. On February 21, 2006, the Supreme Court issued its ruling on the case. The court ruled, unanimously, that the lower courts had not erred in holding that

1215-431: The basis of the previous year and chained with reference to 1990 (1990 = 100). The series is seasonally adjusted using X-12-ARIMA , enabling calculation of the rates of change over the previous quarter. The IBGE survey was started in 1988 and restructured after 1998, when their results were integrated into the current System of National Accounts. The annual weights are derived from this new system accounts. IBGE maintains

1260-561: The calculation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Input-output matrix . Displays the current value and volume indices (1991 = 100) every quarter for the Gross Domestic Product at market prices, taxes on products, value added at basic prices, personal consumption, government consumption, Gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories, exports and imports of goods and services. Two series of index numbers are calculated:

1305-533: The city. Among many other problems, the suburban boroughs, for example, were nothing but shanty towns . The Catedral Metropolitana Sagrado Coração de Jesus is the cathedral archiepiscopal see of a Latin Catholic jurisdiction that started on May 1, 1925. The vast Territorial Prelature of Porto Velho split off from the then- Diocese of Amazonas and Diocese of São Luíz de Cáceres , and also lost parts to three new Territorial prelatures , before being promoted as

1350-525: The federal government had failed to prove the "compelling interest" in barring UDV use of Hoasca required under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act . Chief Justice John Roberts wrote the opinion in the case, in the second opinion he authored as a member of the Court. One of the active compounds of Hoasca is DMT , which is produced by the human body and in many plants. DMT is classified in

1395-469: The first bishopric (Diocese of Porto Velho). On October 4, 1982, it was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Porto Velho . Porto Velho features a tropical monsoon climate (climate type Am ) under the Köppen climate classification . The temperatures tend to be relatively consistent throughout the course of the year, with average daily temperatures typically between 25 and 26 degrees Celsius. The dry season

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1440-446: The following archives (non-exhaustive list): The legislation, according to Federal Decree No. 73,177 of November 20, 1973 and Law No. 5534 of November 14, 1968, modified by Law No. 5878 of May 11, 1978, deals with the obligation and confidentiality of information collected by IBGE, which is intended exclusively for statistical purposes and has no legal value, not being usable as evidence or proof. Failure to provide information within

1485-609: The institute as well as coordinating the 27 CDDIs in the country, and the National School of Statistical Sciences, besides being responsible for training the institute's employees, is a federal institution of higher learning that offers the following courses: BA in statistics; specialization in Environmental Analysis and Management Planning, and Masters in Population Studies and Social Research. The IBGE also maintains

1530-463: The mining of which represents the most important economic activity in the region , as well as a transportation and communication center. It is on the eastern shore of the Madeira River , one of the main tributaries of the Amazon River . It is also Rondônia's largest city, and the largest state capital of Brazil by area. The municipality occupies most of the border between Amazonas and Rondônia, and

1575-402: The name of the town's largest district by then, "Bajan Hill" or "Barbados Town", nowadays called the "Alto do Bode". During the first sixty years, the city's development was directly connected to the railway's activities. The town prospered during the rubber boom; after the discovery of cheap Malaysian rubber made that of the Amazon obsolete, the region's rubber-centered economy ground to

1620-504: The newly formed Federal Territory of Guaporé, in 1943. Only with the beginning of World War II was there another cycle of progress in the region. Once the Allied forces lost control of Malaysian rubber, the Amazon's was needed again due to the war effort . This produced what is known in Brazil as the "second rubber boom ". Subsequently, when the war ended, the region's economy once again came to

1665-508: The past the city was also home to Ferroviário AC , CR Flamengo , São Domingos EC , and Ypiranga EC before these clubs folded. All clubs share the one stadium in the city, the Aluizão , named after Aluízio Ferreira , with a smaller ground Saldanão also available. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics IBGE is a public institute created in 1936 under the name National Institute of Statistics . Its founder and chief proponent

1710-659: The planet's remaining rainforests and is the largest and most species-rich tract of tropical rainforest in the world . Wet tropical forests are the most species-rich biome , and tropical forests in the Americas are consistently more species-rich than wet forests in Africa and Asia . As the largest tract of tropical rainforest in the Americas, the Amazonian rainforests have unparalleled biodiversity . More than one third of all species in

1755-448: The religious institutions that responsibly use this tea. The Supreme Court of the United States unanimously affirmed the UDV's right to use Hoasca tea in its religious sessions in the United States, in a decision published on February 21, 2006. Hoasca tea made from Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis (the only two ingredients used in the UDV's preparation of Hoasca) was shipped to

1800-598: The sense of his or her spiritual development", as is written in its bylaws. The institution today has over 18,000 members, distributed among more than 200 local chapters located in all the states of Brazil , as well as in Peru , Australia , several countries in Europe , and the United States . The translation of União do Vegetal is Union of the Plants referring to the sacrament of the UDV, Hoasca tea, also known as Ayahuasca . This beverage

1845-478: The specified deadlines, or providing false information is a crime subject to a fine, initially, of up to 10 times the highest minimum wage in the country, and up to twice this limit on later occasions. The best known census is the population census ( Brazilian Portuguese : censo demográfico ). First conducted in its modern form in 1872 , it is now conducted every ten years, usually in years ending in zero. No census took place in 1880, 1910 or 1930 . The census

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1890-637: The world live in the Amazon Rainforest. The municipality contains what is left of the Rio Madeira Sustainable Yield Forest (B) and (C), created in 1990. It contains the 55,850 hectares (138,000 acres) Lago do Cuniã Extractive Reserve , created in 1999. It contains part of the strictly-protected Cuniã Ecological Station , an area of savannah parkland. It holds all of the strictly protected 87,412 hectares (216,000 acres) Serra dos Três Irmãos Ecological Station . It contains part of

1935-562: Was built as a replacement to Caiari Airport , which was closed on April 16, 1969. Porto Velho Air Force Base - ALA6 , one of their most important bases of the Brazilian Air Force , is located in Porto Velho. The culture of Porto Velho is marked by a strong Northeastern influence with Bumba Meu Boi , the Juninas and Pastorinha peoples, and some influences of south central Brazil . The interpretation of Native American legends, such as

1980-601: Was completed only ten years later because of difficulties in transporting material. Original paintings of a religious nature inside the Cathedral, were executed by Father Angelo Cerri and Alfonso Liguori. The stained glass windows that surround it, with the themes of the Cross, were all donated by the community-velhense port. The city currently has seven football teams: CF Amazônia , Cruzeiro EC , Porto Velho EC , SC Genus de Porto Velho , SC Shallon , Moto EC and Rondoniense SC . In

2025-605: Was statistician Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The current name dates from 1938. Its headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro , and its current president is Marcio Pochmann , replacing Eduardo Rios Neto. It was made a federal agency by Decree-Law No. 161 on February 13, 1967, and is linked to the Ministry of the Economy , inside the Secretariat of Planning, Budget and Management. IBGE has

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