34-613: Tynong is a town in Gippsland , Victoria , Australia , 66 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District , located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area . Tynong recorded a population of 523 at the 2021 census . Tynong was settled in the early 1880s and the Post Office opened on 1 November 1882. Places of interest include Gumbuya World , Pakenham Racecourse, Mill Valley Ranch and Tynong railway station . Tynong
68-504: A " Warrowen massacre " in present-day Brighton which saw invading Kurnai warriors of the Borro Borro willun clan wipe out around 60 Boonwurrung Yowenjerre clan members, effectively eliminating the clan and allowing the Kurnai to occupy Boonwurrung lands near Wilsons Promontory . However, there is little record of the Borro Borro willun clan outside of this incident. The Kurnai people resisted
102-546: A black actually killing my sheep, I would shoot him with as little remorse as I would a wild dog, but no consideration on earth would induce me to ride into a camp and fire on them indiscriminately, as is the custom whenever the smoke is seen. They [the Aborigines] will very shortly be extinct. It is impossible to say how many have been shot, but I am convinced that not less than 500 have been murdered altogether. In 1863, Reverend Friedrich Hagenauer established Rahahyuck Mission on
136-590: A continuity of ritual practice for at least 12,000 years. The name of this Aboriginal nation has been alternatively written in such forms as Gunai , Kurnai , Gunnai , and Ganai . As a compromise, the group is now often referred to as the Gunaikurnai or Gunai/Kurnai . The names of clans or tribes have also attracted a number of alternative spellings. Alternative names arose as Aboriginal languages had no written form before European settlement. Thus Aboriginal words and tribal names can have many alternative spellings, as
170-555: A different dialect with its own name, though these different names may largely reflect recording differences of early Europeans as discussed above. The clans are summarised in the table below: The Kurnai nation was bordered to the west of the Brataualung and Braiakalung by the lands of the Kulin nation centred on present day Melbourne , specifically the Wurundjeri and Boonwurrung clans. To
204-561: A letter to his relatives in England: The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with … I have protested against it at every station I have been in Gippsland, in the strongest language, but these things are kept very secret as the penalty would certainly be hanging … For myself, if I caught
238-523: A name chosen by Strzelecki in honour of the New South Wales Governor , George Gipps , his sponsor. Angus McMillan led the second European expedition between 1840, naming Gunai country "Caledonia Australis". The naming of this geographical region, however, remained the name given by P. E. Strzelecki – Gippsland. The township of Bass was surveyed and colonised in the early 1860s. The intensive colonisation of south Gippsland began late in
272-628: A squatter agricultural settlement on the Bass River in Gippsland, the third permanent colonial settlement in Victoria (then called the Port Phillip District ). His business partner Robert Massie joined him in 1837. Both had worked for the Van Diemen's Land Company at Circular Head, Tasmania. Samuel's brothers Hugh (1808–1898) and Thomas (1814–1903) arrived at Bass shortly after, where they established
306-495: A successful farming venture. Further European colonisation followed two separate expeditions to the area. During his expedition to the South (December 1839 – May 1840) in March 1840, Polish explorer Paweł Edmund Strzelecki led an expedition across Gunai country, and gave his own names to many of their natural landmarks and places. Following these expeditions, the name "Gippsland" stuck,
340-462: Is notable for the granodiorite quarried from the area for the construction of the Melbourne Shrine of Remembrance . This article about a location in Gippsland (region) is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gippsland Gippsland ( / ˈ ɡ ɪ p s l æ n d / ) is a rural region in the southeastern part of Victoria , Australia , mostly comprising
374-457: Is required for agriculture or pastoral development. Despite this, parts of Gippsland have become highly productive dairying and vegetable-growing regions: the region supplies Melbourne with most of its needs in these commodities. A few alluvial soils (chiefly near the Snowy) have much better native fertility, and these have always been intensively cultivated. In the extreme northeast is a small section of
SECTION 10
#1732851391793408-528: Is temperate and generally humid, except in the central region around Sale , where annual rainfall averages around 600 millimetres (24 in). In the Strzelecki Ranges annual rainfall can be as high as 1,500 millimetres (59 in), while on the high mountains of East Gippsland it probably reaches similar levels – much of it falling as snow . In lower levels east of the Snowy River , mean annual rainfall
442-714: Is typically about 900–950 millimetres (35–37 in) and less variable than in the coastal districts of New South Wales. Mean maximum temperatures in lower areas range from 24 °C (75 °F) in January to 15 °C (59 °F) in July. In the highlands of the Baw Baw Plateau and the remote Errinundra Plateau , temperatures range from a maximum of 18 °C (64 °F) to a minimum of 8 °C (46 °F). However, in winter, mean minima in these areas can be as low as −4 °C (25 °F), leading to heavy snowfalls that often isolate
476-475: The 2016 Australian census , Gippsland had a population of 271,266, with the principal centres Traralgon , Warragul , Drouin , Bairnsdale , Moe , Sale , Morwell , Wonthaggi , Leongatha , and Phillip Island . Gippsland is known for mining, power generation and farming as well as its tourist destinations — Phillip Island , Wilsons Promontory , the Gippsland Lakes , Walhalla , the Baw Baw Plateau , and
510-657: The Alfred National Park , Baw Baw National Park , Coopracambra National Park , Croajingolong National Park , Errinundra National Park , Gippsland Lakes Coastal Park , Lind National Park , Mitchell River National Park , Morwell National Park , Snowy River National Park , Tarra-Bulga National Park , The Lakes National Park , and Wilsons Promontory National Park . There are also large areas of State forest that contribute towards conservation objectives. Gunai people The Kurnai kur-nye ) people Aboriginal Australian nation of south-east Australia. They are
544-865: The High Country (which separate it from Hume region in Victoria's northeast), to the southwest by the Western Port Bay , to the south and east by the Bass Strait and the Tasman Sea , and to the east and northeast by the Black–Allan Line (the easternmost section of the Victoria/ New South Wales state border). Gippsland is divided by the Strzelecki Ranges and tributaries of the Gippsland Lakes into West Gippsland , South Gippsland , Latrobe Valley , Central Gippsland and East Gippsland . At
578-463: The Monaro Tableland used for grazing beef cattle . Gippsland possesses very few deposits of metallic minerals ( gold rushes in the nineteenth century around Foster , Buchan petered out quickly). However, the deep underground gold mines operated at Walhalla for a fifty-year period between 1863 and 1913. Gippsland has no deposits of major industrial nonmetallic minerals, but it does feature
612-676: The Strzelecki Ranges . It also includes around a hundred islands, mostly between the mainland and Tasmania. The traditional owners are Indigenous Australians of the Gunai nation and in part of West Gippsland the Bunurong nation. Before permanent European colonisation, the area was visited by sealers and wattle bark gatherers who did not settle . Samuel Anderson (1803–1863), a Scottish immigrant from Kirkcudbright , agriculturist and explorer, arrived in Hobart, Tasmania , in 1830, and in 1835 established
646-611: The Traditional Custodians of most of present-day Gippsland and much of the southern slopes of the Victorian Alps . The Kurnai nation is composed of five major clans. During the 19th century, many Kurnai people resisted the incursions by early European squatters and subsequent settlers, resulting in a number of deadly confrontations, and massacres of the indigenous inhabitants. There are about 3,000 Kurnai people today, predominantly living in Gippsland. The Kurnai dialects are
680-461: The coastal plains south of the Victorian Alps (the southernmost section of the Great Dividing Range ). It covers an elongated area of 41,556 km (16,045 sq mi) east of the Shire of Cardinia ( Melbourne 's outermost southeastern suburbs ) between Dandenong Ranges and Mornington Peninsula , and is bounded to the north by the mountain ranges and plateaus / highlands of
714-476: The 1870s. A story of that process is told in, The land of the Lyre Bird (1920). Before the cancellation of the 2026 Commonwealth Games , Gippsland was set to serve as one of its hosts in regional Victoria. Gippsland is traditionally subdivided into four or five main sub–regions or districts: Gippsland Plains Grassy Woodland is an endangered vegetation community within the region. The climate of Gippsland
SECTION 20
#1732851391793748-500: The 19th century, such caves were not used for residence; they were the domains of mulla-mullung , magic-workers of either sex. In Cloggs Cave, artifacts (sticks of Casuarina wood smeared with animal fat) of the type associated in the 19th century with GunaiKurnai death-magic rituals were found. Other features of the cave included broken stalactites and a grindstone (the fragments were also of ritual significance) and miniature fireplaces used for small fires of short duration; these indicate
782-707: The Errinundra Plateau between June and October. Gippsland is home to many species of flora and fauna. Animals that live there include the swamp wallaby , koala , echidna and wombat . Native plants and trees include grass trees ( Xanthorrhoea australis ), which provide a valuable food source of nectar, pollen, larvae and seeds for birds, insects and mammals. The soils in Gippsland are generally very infertile, being profoundly deficient in nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium and calcium . Apart from frequently flooded areas, they are classed as Spodosols , Psamments and Ultisols . Consequently, heavy fertilisation
816-648: The European invasion of their land. It is extremely difficult to ascertain the numbers killed in the guerilla warfare undertaken, or the numbers who died in the massacres that were inflicted upon the Gunaikurnai by the superior weaponry of the Europeans. A partial list from letters and diaries for an exhibition called Koorie , mounted by the Museum of Victoria in 1991, included: In 1846, Gippsland squatters , Henry Meyrick, wrote in
850-609: The Nationals. For elections for the Victorian Legislative Assembly , the electoral districts of Bass , Narracan , Morwell , Gippsland South and Gippsland East lay entirely or partly in the Gippsland region. Bass is held by Labor, Narracan is held by the Liberals, while Gippsland East, Gippsland South and Morwell are held by the Nationals. Gippsland contains six local government areas : The Gippsland region contains
884-475: The area covered under the agreement and the native title determination shows that it does not fully cover the entire area thought to comprise the traditional lands of the Gunaikurnai, however most of the original nation is covered. Notable exclusions are to the west, including Wilsons Promontory, to the east of the Snowy River, and exclusions in the north, particularly the northeast region. Also included as part of
918-526: The banks of the Avon River , near Lake Wellington, to house the Gunaikurnai survivors from west and central Gippsland. The mission sought to discourage all tribal ritual and culture. It closed in 1908 and the few remaining residents were moved to the Lake Tyers Mission . The Kurnai launched a native title claim in 1997 following on from the successful Mabo native title case of 1992. On 22 October 2010
952-661: The case was settled in the Federal Court under the Native Title Act (1993) . The Court recognised the Gunaikurnai as traditional owners , and found that they held native title over much of Gippsland. Based on these findings the Victorian Government entered into an agreement with the Gunaikurnai on the same day, the first agreement reached under the Traditional Owner Settlement Act (2010) Maps of
986-423: The deep water of the inlets Borun put down his canoe and discovered, much to his surprise, there was a woman in it. She was Tuk, the musk duck . He was very happy to see her and she became his wife and the mother of the Kurnai people. Cloggs Cave , near Buchan , was first frequented by people by about 23,000 years ago, while occupation at New Guinea Cave in the same area has been dated to over 20,000 years. In
1020-776: The east, bordering the Krauatungalung from around Cann River and out to Mallacoota , were the Bidawal people. To the north, in the Australian Alps and around the upper Murray River , were a number of clans, including the Jaitmathang whose lands bordered the Brabawooloong south of Omeo . According to European accounts, the Kurnai nation were actively fighting with the Boonwurrung at the time of European invasion. There are records of
1054-503: The fishing of abalone , whose shells could fetch very high prices because of their use for pearls and pearl inlays. For Australian federal elections for the House of Representatives , the electoral divisions of Flinders , Monash , and Gippsland lay entirely or partly in the Gippsland region. Flinders and McMillan are currently held by the Liberal Party, while Gippsland is held by
Tynong, Victoria - Misplaced Pages Continue
1088-537: The oral transmission from the Indigenous people may have been heard or recorded differently by various early European sources. It is also possible that the European sources correctly recorded alternative pronunciations and dialects of the indigenous people. The Kurnai nation is made up of five major clans or tribes. Various closely related dialects were spoken among the people of the region in pre-European times, although these have now been largely lost. Each clan spoke
1122-486: The traditional language of the Kurnai people, although there are very few fluent speakers now. It is told that the first Kurnai came down from the north west mountains, with his canoe on his head. He was known as Borun, the pelican. He crossed the Tribal River (where Sale now stands) and walked on into the west to Tarra Warackel ( Port Albert ). He heard a constant tapping sound, as he walked, but could not identify it. At
1156-453: The world's largest brown coal deposits and, around Sale and offshore in the Bass Strait , some of the largest deposits of oil and natural gas in Australia. Like the rest of Australia, the seas around Gippsland are of very low productivity as there is no upwelling due to the warm currents in the Tasman Sea . Nonetheless, towns such as Marlo and Mallacoota depended for a long time on
#792207