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38-569: Tunjungan Plaza ( TP ) is a mixed development superblock in Surabaya and is the second-largest shopping center in Indonesia after Pakuwon Mall , both owned-and-operated by Pakuwon Jati which has its headquarters inside the superblock. Initially inaugurated in 1986, it has a net leaseable area of 170,000 m, which houses more than 500 retail outlets including boutiques, restaurants, cafes, cinemas, bookstores, supermarkets, and children's arcade center. It

76-454: A land lot or plot of land is a tract or parcel of land owned or meant to be owned by some owner (s). A plot is essentially considered a parcel of real property in some countries or immovable property (meaning practically the same thing) in other countries. Possible owners of a plot can be one or more persons or another legal entity, such as a company, corporation , organization , government , or trust . A common form of ownership of

114-544: A central space that is semi-private. They may contain a mixture of uses, with commercial or retail functions on the ground floor. Perimeter blocks are a key component of many European cities and are an urban form that allows very high urban densities to be achieved without high-rise buildings. In North American English and Australian English , the word "block" is used as an informal unit of distance. For example, someone giving directions might say, "It's three blocks from here", meaning either literally three blocks distant (in

152-410: A city grid) or the equivalent of three blocks without a grid. Since there is no standard dimension for city blocks, and they are typically rectangular in shape, meaning a block and one direction is a different length than a block in another, colloquial directions involving blocks as proxies for measurements in feet or meters are obviously both imprecise and relative. Land lot In real estate ,

190-451: A city with a grid system, the block is the smallest group of buildings that is surrounded by streets . City blocks are the space for buildings within the street pattern of a city, and form the basic unit of a city's urban fabric. City blocks may be subdivided into any number of smaller land lots usually in private ownership, though in some cases, it may be other forms of tenure. City blocks are usually built-up to varying degrees and thus form

228-464: A large tract of land into lots as a subdivision . Certain areas of the land are dedicated (given to local government for permanent upkeep) as streets and sometimes alleys for transport and access to lots. Areas between the streets are divided up into lots to be sold to future owners. The layout of the lots is mapped on a plat diagram, which is recorded with the government, typically the county recorder's office . The blocks between streets and

266-416: A lot's area. Lots can come in various sizes and shapes. To be considered a single lot, the land described as the "lot" must be contiguous. Two separate parcels are considered two lots, not one. Often a lot is sized for a single house or other building. Many lots are rectangular in shape, although other shapes are possible as long as the boundaries are well-defined. Methods of determining or documenting

304-500: A minimum lot area and/or frontage length for building a house or other building, maximum building size, or minimum setbacks from a lot boundary for building a structure. This is in addition to building codes which must be met. Also, minimum lot sizes and separations must be met when wells and septic systems are used. In urban areas, sewers and water lines often provide service to households. There may also be restrictions based on covenants established by private parties such as

342-420: A periodic property tax payable by the owners to local governments such as a county or municipality . These real estate taxes are based on the assessed value of the real property; additional taxes usually apply to transfer of ownership and property sales. Other fees by government are possible for improvements such as curbs and pavements or an impact fee for building a house on a vacant plot. Property owners in

380-522: A plot is called fee simple in some countries. A small area of land that is empty except for a paved surface or similar improvement, typically all used for the same purpose or in the same state is also often called a plot. Examples are a paved car park or a cultivated garden plot. This article covers plots (more commonly called lots in some countries) as defined parcels of land meant to be owned as units by an owner(s). Like most other types of property, lots or plots owned by private parties are subject to

418-513: A series of cells or Superblocks, each containing a network of narrower streets.” Superblocks can also be retroactively superimposed on pre-existing grid plan by changing the traffic rules and streetscape of internal streets within the superblock, as in the case of Barcelona 's superilles ( Catalan for superblocks). Each superilla has nine city blocks, with speed limits on the internal roads slowed to 10–20 km/h (6.2–12.4 mph), through traffic disallowed, and through travel possible only on

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456-433: A short-circuit. The fire was extinguished in less than an hour before it could spread to neighboring buildings, and it was confirmed that there were no casualties. Videos of the fire from an outside view surfaced and spread around Indonesian social media users. After the incident, Tunjungan Plaza stayed open while Tunjungan Plaza 5 stayed temporarily closed for repair and investigation. Superblock (urban planning) In

494-449: Is a part of Tunjungan City Superblock, an integrated multi-facilities venue, which includes the mall (Tunjungan Plaza), Menara Mandiri Office Tower at the top of TP 2, Regency Condominium and Sheraton Surabaya Hotel & Towers at the top of TP 3, Four Points by Sheraton at the top of TP 4, The Peak Residence and Pakuwon Center at the top of TP 5, One Icon Residence and Pakuwon Tower at the top of TP 6. First opened on 15 December 1986, it

532-602: Is about 264 by 900 feet (80 m × 274 m). In Chicago , a typical city block is 330 by 660 feet (100 m × 200 m), meaning that 16 east-west blocks or 8 north-south blocks measure one mile, which has been adopted by other US cities. In much of the United States and Canada, the addresses follow a block and lot number system , in which each block of a street is allotted 100 building numbers. The blocks in central Melbourne, Australia , are also 330 by 660 feet (100 m × 200 m), formed by splitting

570-464: Is an important informal unit of length equal to the distance between two streets of a street grid. In most cities of the New World that were planned rather than developing gradually over a long period of time, streets are typically laid out on a grid plan of square or rectangular city blocks. Using the perimeter block development principle, city blocks are developed so that buildings are located along

608-516: Is divided into six buildings: TP 1, TP 2, TP 3, TP 4, TP 5 and TP 6. Construction of Tunjungan Plaza began in 1985 and was completed in 1986. Tunjungan Plaza first opened on 15 December 1986 as a shopping center built on Jalan Jend. Basuki Rahmat with a tenant area of 25,000 m2. In July 1990, Tunjungan Plaza was then expanded by 21,600 m2 and Tunjungan Plaza II was opened in December 1991. In 1994, Tunjungan Plaza changed its name to Plaza Tunjungan when

646-426: Is known, from the deed, then the frontage line can be calculated as depth by measuring the width (as area divided by width = depth). Sometimes minor, usually unnamed driveways called alleys , usually publicly owned, also provide access to the back of a lot. When alleys are present, garages are often located in back of a lot with access from the alley. Also when there are alleys, garbage collection may take place from

684-480: The United States and various other countries are also subject to zoning and other restrictions. These restrictions include building height limits, restrictions on architectural style of buildings and other structures, setback laws, etc. In New Zealand land lots are generally described as sections. A lot has defined boundaries (or borders) which are documented somewhere, but the boundaries need not be shown on

722-450: The real estate developer . There may be easements for utilities to run water, sewage, electric power , or telephone lines through a lot. Something which is meant to improve the value or usefulness of a lot can be called an appurtenance to the lot. Structures such as buildings , driveways , pavements , patios or other surfaces, wells , septic systems , signs, and similar improvements which are considered permanently attached to

760-401: The alley. Lots at the corners of a block have two sides of frontage and are called corner lots. Corner lots may have the advantage that a garage can be built with street access from the side, but have the disadvantage that there is more parkway lawn to mow and more pavement to shovel snow from. In areas with large blocks, homes are sometimes built in the center of the block. In this situation,

798-630: The area of Mal Kelapa Gading in North Jakarta as the second largest mall in Indonesia. Tunjungan Plaza has some anchor tenants such as Hero Supermarket , Matahari Department Store , Sogo Department Store , Gramedia , Ace Hardware , Electronic Solution, Planet Sports, Informa, Informa- Ashley , XXI Cinema , XXI Cinema ( IMAX ), Zara , Marks & Spencer , H&M , Uniqlo , LC Waikiki, Pasarame, Chipmunks, Toys Kingdom, Aeon Fantasy Kidzoona. On 13 April 2022, Tunjungan Plaza 5 caught on fire due to

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836-470: The area of Mall Taman Anggrek in West Jakarta as the third largest mall in Indonesia. Tunjungan Plaza V was inaugurated on 9 October 2015. The interior renovation of Tunjungan Plaza III-IV was completed around 2014-15, while the exterior renovation of Tunjungan Plaza III-IV was completed in 2016. On 23 September 2017, Tunjungan Plaza VI opened, expanding Tunjungan Plaza by 122,800 m2 to 148,500 m2, beating

874-437: The boundaries of a lot are not indicated on the lot, a survey of the lot can be made to determine where the boundaries are according to the lot descriptions or plat diagrams. Formal surveys are done by qualified surveyors , who can make a diagram or map of the lot showing boundaries, dimensions, and the locations of any structures such as buildings, etc. Such surveys are also used to determine if there are any encroachments to

912-399: The boundaries of lots include metes and bounds , quadrant method , and use of a plat diagram. Use of the metes and bounds method may be compared to drawing a polygon . Metes are points which are like the vertices (corners) of a polygon. Bounds are line segments between two adjacent metes. Bounds are usually straight lines, but can be curved as long as they are clearly defined. When

950-458: The example of Philadelphia , New York City adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 for a more extensive grid plan . Some variations of the interpretation of city blocks include superblocks, subblocks, and perimeter blocks. A superblock , or super-block , is an area of urban land that is bounded by arterial roads and the size of multiple typically sized city blocks. Within the superblock,

988-418: The exterior renovation of Tunjungan Plaza I was carried out. In 1996, Plaza Tunjungan was expanded again by 28,300 m2 and Plaza Tunjungan III opened. On 11 November 2001, Plaza Tunjungan IV was opened, expanding Plaza Tunjungan by 28,300 m2 to 103,200 m2. If Plaza Tunjungan I-III is built on Jalan Jend. Basuki Rahmat, Plaza Tunjungan IV was built on Jalan Embong Malang. In 2006, renovations were carried out on

1026-414: The individual lots in each block are given an identifier, usually a number or letter. Land originally granted by the government was commonly done by documents called land patents . Lots of land can be sold/bought by the owners or conveyed in other ways. Such conveyances are made by documents called deeds which should be recorded by the government, typically the county recorder's office. Deeds specify

1064-601: The interior of Plaza Tunjungan I-II and the renovation was completed in 2008. Simultaneously with the renovation, Plaza Tunjungan changed its name back to Tunjungan Plaza and the mall logo was changed twice, namely in 2006 during the renovation and in 2008 after renovations were completed. Construction of the Tunjungan Plaza expansion began in 2012, along with the exterior & interior renovation of Tunjungan Plaza III-IV. In September 2015, Tunjungan Plaza V opened, expanding Tunjungan Plaza by 19,600 m2 to 122,800 m2, surpassing

1102-465: The land in the lot are considered to be real property, usually part of the lot but often parts of a building, such as condominiums , are owned separately. Such structures owned by the lot owner(s), as well as easements which help the lot owners or users, can be considered appurtenances to the lot. A lot without such structures can be called a vacant lot, urban prairie, spare ground, an empty lot, or an unimproved or undeveloped lot. Many developers divide

1140-466: The land itself. Most lots are small enough to be mapped as if they are flat, in spite of the curvature of the Earth . A characteristic of the size of a lot is its area . The area is typically determined as if the land is flat and level, although the terrain of the lot may not be flat, i. e, the lot may be hilly. The contour surface area of the land is changeable and may be too complicated for determining

1178-457: The local road network, if any, is designed to serve only local needs. Superblocks can also contain an orthogonal internal road network, including those based on a grid plan or quasi-grid plan. That typology is prevalent in Japan and China, for example. Chen defines the supergrid and superblock urban morphology in that context as follows: “The Supergrid is a large-scale net of wide roads that defines

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1216-402: The lot by including a description such as one determined by the "metes and bounds" or quadrant methods, or referring to a lot number and block number in a recorded plat diagram. Deeds often mention that appurtenances to the lot are included in order to convey any structures and other improvements also. In front of many lots in urban areas, there are pavements , usually publicly owned. Beyond

1254-532: The lot will usually include a long driveway to provide transport access. Because the shape is reminiscent of a flag (the home) on a flag pole (the driveway), these lots are called flag lots. Local governments often pass zoning laws which control what buildings can be built on a lot and what they can be used for. For example, certain areas are zoned for residential buildings such as houses. Other areas can be commercially, agriculturally, or industrially zoned. Sometimes zoning laws establish other restrictions, such as

1292-410: The lot. Surveyors can sometimes place posts at the metes of a lot. The part of the boundary of the lot next to a street or road is the frontage. Developers try to provide at least one side of frontage for every lot, so owners can have transport access to their lots. As the name implies, street frontage determines which side of the lot is the front, with the opposite side being the back. If the lot area

1330-533: The perimeter of the block, with entrances facing the street, and semi-private courtyards in the rear of the buildings. This historic arrangement reflects organic development of structures and land usage, adapted to urban planning. Since the spacing of streets in grid plans varies so widely among cities, or even within cities, it is difficult to generalize about the size of a city block. Oblong blocks range considerably in width and length. The standard block in Manhattan

1368-434: The perimeter roads. In a geoprocessing perspective there are two complementary ways of modeling city blocks: A block without sidewalks is always within a block with sidewalks . The geometric subtraction of a block without sidewalks from block with sidewalks , contains the sidewalk, the alley, and any other non-lot sub-structure. A perimeter block is a type of city block which is built up on all sides surrounding

1406-502: The physical containers or "streetwalls" of public space. Most cities are composed of a greater or lesser variety of sizes and shapes of urban block. For example, many pre-industrial cores of cities in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East tend to have irregularly shaped street patterns and urban blocks, while cities based on grids have much more regular arrangements. By extension, the word "block"

1444-552: The square blocks in an original grid with a narrow street down the middle. Many Old World cities have grown by accretion over time rather than being planned, making rectangular city blocks uncommon in the innermost development among most European cities , for example. An exception is represented by those cities that were founded as Roman military settlements, and that often preserve the original grid layout around two main orthogonal axes (such as Turin, Italy ) and cities heavily damaged during World War II (like Frankfurt ). Following

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