52-617: Tulliallan (Gaelic tulach-aluinn , 'Beautiful knoll') was an estate in Perthshire , Scotland, near to Kincardine , and a parish . The Blackadder lairds of Tulliallan, a branch of the Blackadder border clan, wielded considerable power in the 15th and 16th centuries. The modern Tulliallan Castle is relatively recent, built in 1812-1820 and now the home of the Scottish Police College The original parish of Tulliallan covered only
104-675: A pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1508. One of the Lairds of Tulliallan, Sir John Blackadder, was beheaded in March 1531 for the murder of James Inglis, Abbot of Culross , in a dispute over land. He was succeeded at Tulliallan by his brother Patrick, who renewed a dispute against the Homes for the Blackadder family lands around Allanton in Berwickshire . Patrick was murdered in an ambush near Edinburgh, where he
156-555: A knight baronet of Nova Scotia by King Charles I of England . His estate, with lime works, salt pans and other enterprises, yielded an income of 36,000 merks annually, but this was not enough to satisfy Sir John's expensive habits and he ran up debts far beyond his ability to pay. When his effects were seized he fled to the continent, and in 1642 seems to have been in the French service. He died in America in 1651. Sir John's wife, Elizabeth Graham,
208-400: A review of boundaries, with exclaves being transferred to a county they actually bordered, and parishes which straddled more than one county being adjusted such that each parish was entirely in a single county. There were several such changes affecting the boundaries of Perthshire, notably including the exclaves of Culross and Tulliallan being transferred to Fife . Reforms in 1930 under
260-469: A single burgh. In 1947 Pitlochry was created a small burgh. In 1894 parish councils were established for the civil parishes, replacing the previous parochial boards. The parish councils were in turn replaced by district councils in 1930. Following the boundary changes caused by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, the county contained the following civil parishes: In 1930 the landward area of
312-459: A widow and two daughters, Beatrix and Margaret, who at the time were mere children. From the unprotected state of Robert’s daughters, the Homes of Wedderburn formed a design of seizing the lands of Blackadder . They began by cutting off all within their reach whose affinity was dreaded as an hereditary obstacle. They attacked Robert Blackadder , the Prior of Coldingham , and assassinated him. His brother,
364-717: The Act of Union , Perthshire returned members to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1708. In 1885 seats in the House of Commons were redistributed: Perthshire received three seats. In 1918 there was a further redistribution. Perthshire was combined with Kinross-shire to form a parliamentary county, divided into two constituencies: These boundaries continued in use until 1983, when new constituencies were formed based on
416-544: The County of Perth , is a historic county and registration county in central Scotland . Geographically it extends from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, Rannoch Moor and Ben Lui in the west, and Aberfoyle in the south; it borders the counties of Inverness-shire and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus to the east, Fife , Kinross-shire , Clackmannanshire , Stirlingshire and Dunbartonshire to
468-470: The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 saw the burgh of Perth brought within the administrative area of the county council, and merged the county councils of Perthshire and the neighbouring small county of Kinross-shire for most purposes. The two county councils continued to be elected as separate bodies, but operated together as the "Perth and Kinross Joint County Council", serving the combined area of
520-761: The North Sea ; along the north shore lies the Carse of Gowrie , an extremely flat area of land given over to agriculture. Within the Forth can be found the small island of Mugdrum . The Highland Main Line railway line connects Perth to Inverness, and in the far west the West Highland Line criss-crosses the Perthshire-Argyllshire boundary. Other lines in the south-east link Perth to the towns of Fife and Stirlingshire. Following
572-626: The 10th highest peak in Scotland. Most towns are fairly small, with the larger ones being clustered in the flatter south-east of the county. In the far south along the borders with Clackmannanshhire and Kinross-shire lie the Ochil Hills , and in the south-east part of the Sidlaw Hills lie within the county, continuing on into Angus. Perthshire borders the Firth of Tay in the south-east, which provides access to
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#1732855818952624-556: The Dean of Dunblane , shared the same fate. Various others were dispatched in like manner. They now assaulted the Castle of Blackadder (which was sited somewhere on the land that is now Blackadder Mains and was destroyed in the early 16th century when the English, under the command of Surrey , invaded Scotland) where the widow and her two young daughters resided. The garrison refused to surrender but
676-415: The Forth from a height of 324 feet (99 m) Between 1823 and 1839 a large area of land was recovered from the tidal waters of the Forth by two large embankments. The 1885 description said about 500 acres (200 ha) was wooded and almost all the rest cultivated. High-quality sandstone had been quarried near Longannet for many years. The land was also rich in coal and ironstone. At the last census (2011),
728-511: The Homes succeeded in obtaining possession of the fortress, seized the widow and her children, compelling them to the marriage by force. In 1518, the two daughters were contracted to younger sons, John and Robert, and as they were only in their eighth year, they were confined in the Castle of Blackadder until they became of age. The Earl of Home was an ally of Margaret Tudor , and she came to Blackadder in September 1515 as she escaped to England from
780-531: The Local Government councils (the part outside of burgh boundaries) was divided into five districts, replacing the parish councils established in 1894: The county forms part of the Highland geographic area; it consists of predominantly mountainous and hilly land within the Grampian Mountains , interspersed with numerous lochs and glens. The highest point is Ben Lawers at 1,214 m (3,983 ft), making it
832-401: The Local Government regions and districts created in 1975. Perthshire was represented in House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1975 to 2005. Perthshire has two constituencies and two Members of Parliament . 56°30′N 4°00′W / 56.500°N 4.000°W / 56.500; -4.000 Blackader Castle Blackadder House was an estate and stately house near
884-572: The Perthshire Gentlemen and Yeomanry Cavalry, was also Lord Lyon King of Arms at the time, and he presented the arms to the county in 1800. The grant document was discovered in the Lyon Office in 1890, and forwarded to the newly formed Perth County Council. The shield is very similar to the Scottish royal arms , reflecting that Perthshire was the home county of the House of Dunkeld and contains
936-524: The Tulliallan estate to the Edmiston family in 1402. In 1456 the gift was confirmed to Sir James Edmiston, great-grandson of King Robert II of Scotland , by royal charter. Patrick Blackader, grandson of Cuthbert Blackader of Blackader Castle in Berwickshire , married Elizabeth Edmiston, daughter of Sir James. She brought the Tulliallan estate as her dowry. A noted member of the Blackadder family of Tulliallan
988-509: The barony of Tulliallan by his brother Patrick, who again renewed his dispute against the Homes for the family lands. Patrick went to meet the Homes to try to resolves their differences, but he was ambushed and murdered near Edinburgh, which Anderson attributed to treachery by the Homes. The Blackadders thereafter relinquished their claim to the Borders lands, and Sir John Home was created Baronet of Blackadder in 1671. The Homes retained possession of
1040-415: The barony of Tulliallan. In 1673 it was extended to include the barony of Kincardine and the lands of Lurg, Sands and Kellywood, formerly included in the neighbouring Culross parish. For many years the parishes of Culross and Tulliallan formed an exclave some miles away from the rest of Perthshire , on the boundaries of Clackmannanshire and Fife . Culross and Tulliallan were transferred to Fife based on
1092-504: The castle until 1836, when it was acquired by the Houston family, later Houston-Boswalls. In 1857 the owner was listed as Sir George A.F.H. Boswell. The original peel tower was probably relatively unchanged until the mid eighteenth century. Around then James Playfair drew up plans for substantial rebuilding and remodelling of the earlier house, but these were not undertaken. Later, Robert Adam drew up plans which were carried out. In 1842
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#17328558189521144-663: The conservatory, which seems to have been the most notable feature of the house. The proprietor was given as Lady Houston. In 1853 John Lessels extended the house, ballastrading the terraces and adding a large asymmetrical wing. The result was a magnificent classical house built in Palladian style. The house was described as "The Home of the Stately Home". It was probably the first in Berwickshire to have electric power. The original power house survives. The gardens suffered badly from
1196-452: The county council's jurisdiction: The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 divided burghs into two classes from 1930: large burghs , which were to gain extra powers from the county council, and small burghs which lost many of their responsibilities. Of the twelve burghs in Perthshire, only Perth was made a large burgh. There were ten small burghs: Blairgowrie and Rattray being united into
1248-481: The east opens into an apartment which has been termed the great hall, where three compartments are curiously formed by elegant groined arches, which rest upon a central octagonal column, the whole being in a state of remarkable preservation. In 1885 the old castle, although ruined, was still described as an imposing-looking edifice. The castle passed into the ownership of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas (c. 1327–1384). Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas gifted
1300-501: The entrance to the former Blackadder House. The farm of Blackadder Mains along with Blackadder Bank, Blackadder West and Blackadder Mount and the nearby village of Allanton were all originally part of the Blackadder Estate which surrounded Blackadder House. While the house is gone, impressive ruins remain that make a walk through the estate worthwhile. Little remains of the house other than a folly walkway with stone balustrade which
1352-491: The family of Home (now the Home Robertson family) by the forced marriage of Beatrix and her younger sister, the only heirs of their father Robert, to younger sons of Home of Wedderburn in 1518. According to Anderson, this was achieved in the following manner: ‘Andrew Blackadder followed the standard of Douglas at Flodden in 1513 and was slain along with two hundred gentlemen of that name on that disastrous field leaving
1404-480: The former royal capital, Scone . Further royal references are made on the canton , which shows Scone Palace surmounted by the Crown of Scotland . The crest is a Highland soldier, reflecting that the famous Black Watch were formed in the county. The supporters are an eagle and a warhorse, the former from the arms of the city of Perth. By the 1890s the county contained the following burghs , which were largely outside
1456-476: The historic county of Perthshire are still used for some limited official purposes connected with land registration, being a registration county . The coat of arms of the County of Perth appears to have been granted for use on the colours and standards of the volunteer and militia units of the county raised at the end of the eighteenth century. The Earl of Kinnoull , a native of Perthshire, and commanding officer of
1508-466: The house was described as an elegant modern edifice with extensive shrubberies and greenhouses and a beautiful Gothic conservatory. An 1845 description highlighted the conservatory, which took the form of a Gothic chapel with a framework made entirely of cast iron, and with some of the glass panels stained. The conservatory had been erected by the late proprietor, Thomas Boswall, at a cost of several thousand pounds. An 1848 magazine article again mentioned
1560-475: The main administrative body for the area until the creation of county councils in 1890. Following the Acts of Union in 1707, the English term "county" came to be used interchangeably with the older term "shire". Elected county councils were established in 1890 under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 , taking most of the functions of the commissioners (which were eventually abolished in 1930). The burgh of Perth
1612-514: The mansion was requisitioned by the government as accommodation for troops, who vandalised the building, using parts of the grand staircase bannisters for firewood. The post-war government refused to pay for the restitution of the house to its former state and with the agricultural depression it was closed up. It was demolished circa 1925. Within Allanton's main street still stand a pair of splay-fronted lodges (Lydd Cottage and Westside Cottage), defining
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1664-431: The population of the civil parish was 3,001. The area of the parish is 3,685 acres. Tulliallan parish is also a Community Council area under the name Kincardine, with some variations in the boundary with Culross , its neighbouring civil parish and community council to the east. The first fortification at Tulliallan was built some time before 1304, when it was ordered to be strengthened by Edward I of England . The position
1716-544: The recommendations of the boundary commission appointed under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 . The parish is bounded on the west and north by Clackmannan , on the east by Culross and on the south by the River Forth . It is 3.75 miles (6.04 km) from north to south and 3 miles (4.8 km) from east to west, and contains 4,176 acres (1,690 ha). In 1885, 484 acres (196 ha) were foreshore and 106 acres (43 ha) water. The parish slopes gently southward to
1768-459: The regime of Regent Albany . The Home possession of the estates was challenged by a cousin, Sir John Blackadder, who held the lands of Tulliallan . Sir John sought assistance from Parliament but, as was so often the case at that time, the matter was ultimately resolved by steel. Sir John Blackadder was beheaded in March 1531 for the murder of the Abbot of Culross in a land dispute. He was succeeded in
1820-412: The reign of David I (reigned 1124–1153). The Sheriff of Perth had authority over several provinces , including Atholl , Breadalbane , Gowrie , Menteith and Strathearn . Over time, Scotland's shires became more significant than the old provinces, with more administrative functions being given to the sheriffs. In 1667 Commissioners of Supply were established for each shire, which would serve as
1872-470: The severe frosts of the winter of 1879-1880, when the temperature was measured at −23 °F (−31 °C). Peach trees that had been planted by Lady Boswall's family fifty years earlier were killed to the roots, as were apricots and other fruit trees. An English Yew that had been planted the year Lady Boswall was born also died, as did many oaks. The frost killed Bay Laurels, Portugal Laurels, Rhododendrons, Hollies and other smaller trees. During World War I
1924-499: The south and Argyllshire to the west. Perthshire is known as the "big county", or "the Shire", due to its roundness and status as the fourth largest historic county in Scotland . It has a wide variety of landscapes, from the rich agricultural straths in the east, to the high mountains of the southern Highlands . Perthshire's origins as a shire (the area administered by a sheriff ) are obscure, but it seems to have been created during
1976-619: The southwestern part that is now in the Stirling council area and a few parishes that are now in Clackmannanshire . Perth and Kinross also contains some areas that were not historically in Perthshire, such as Kinross-shire. The lieutenancy areas in the area of historic Perthshire are mostly coterminous with the council areas, the exception being that the Stirling council area forms part of a larger Stirling and Falkirk lieutenancy. The boundaries of
2028-459: The two counties. As part of the same reforms, the county council took over the functions of the abolished Perthshire Education Authority. The education authority had bought the former County and City Infirmary on York Place in Perth (completed 1838) in 1920 to serve as its headquarters; after 1930 it served as the headquarters of the joint county council, and was renamed County Offices . Perthshire
2080-572: The village of Allanton , in Berwickshire , Scotland. It was built on the site of the earlier Blackadder Castle. The house was vandalised by troops in World War I . Since there was no money to repair it, the house was demolished around 1925. The Blackadder family were an integral part of the constant Borders’ feuds, and extended their lands by grants from James II . These were bestowed as a reward for repelling English raids, with great ferocity. The Borders holdings of Blackadder of that ilk were taken into
2132-526: Was Robert Blackadder , brother of Patrick Blackadder, Laird of Tulliallan. Robert Blackadder was Bishop of Aberdeen, Bishop of Glasgow from 1484 and then in 1492 the first Archbishop of Glasgow , who added the eponymous crypt and aisle in Glasgow Cathedral . The bishop sided with rebel nobles who defeated and killed King James III of Scotland in 1488 at the Battle of Sauchieburn . The archbishop died while on
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2184-583: Was abolished as an administrative area in 1975 under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 . It was split between the Central and Tayside Regions: The two-tier system introduced in 1975 was superseded by a system of unitary authorities in 1996. The districts of Tayside and Central Scotland all became unitary authorities, with Longforgan being transferred from Dundee to Perth and Kinross. The majority of historic Perthshire lies in Perth and Kinross . The exceptions are
2236-689: Was acquired by the Mitchell family in 1924. During the World War II it was the headquarters of the Polish Armed Forces in the West . It has been the home of the Scottish Police College since 1954 and was the temporary headquarters of Police Scotland upon its creation in 2013. Perthshire Perthshire ( locally : [ˈpɛrθʃər] ; Scottish Gaelic : Siorrachd Pheairt ), officially
2288-433: Was at the back of the house below ground level, cut into the rock of a cliff face that overlooks the river Blackadder below. Where the house was, a wood was planted. Below the folly on the bank of the river the remains of the hydro electric power house is still visible (Blackadder House was reputedly the first in Berwickshire to have electric lighting). Other buildings built to service the estate remain. Blackadder Cottage (or
2340-436: Was deemed capable of managing its own affairs and so was excluded from the administrative area of the county council, although the county council still chose to base itself there. Perthshire County Council held its first official meeting on 22 May 1890 at Perth Sheriff Court , then also known as County Buildings, the courthouse (built 1819) which also served as the meeting place for the commissioners. The 1889 Act also led to
2392-499: Was dug out of these ruins, about 8.5 inches (22 cm) in diameter and 5 inches (13 cm) high. Legend says that it formerly hung from one of the bosses of the castle roof, filled with gold. As long as it hung there, the castle would stand and the Blackadders of Tulliallan would prosper. The modern-day Tulliallan Castle is about a half mile to the southeast of the old castle, built in 1818-1820 for Lord Viscount Keith. The building
2444-406: Was extended in the fifteenth century, and a major reconstruction seems to have been undertaken in the late sixteenth century. The castle was surrounded by a moat, which would have been filled by water from the Firth of Forth , which in the old days extended further inland. An 1853 account of the then-ruined building said "two narrow posterns open from each end of the southern front, of which that on
2496-476: Was legally the heir to the Blackadder baronetcy , but did not claim the title. The last occupant of the old castle was Colonel Erskine, known locally as the "Black Colonel", who died in the 1790s. George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith bought the estate in 1799, and built today's castle as his family residence. The roof of the old castle was removed and it was allowed to crumble into ruins. An ancient bronze kettle
2548-544: Was probably built later, by the Douglasses. The Douglas castle was initially an L-shaped two-storey building of ashlar masonry, with a tower at the southwest corner holding the main entrance, which was reached by a drawbridge. Most of the ground floor had small, square windows, while there were large slits above. The interior was unusual in that there were important rooms on the ground floor. The ceilings of these rooms included ribbed vaults springing from octagonal piers. The house
2600-464: Was strategic, near the main ferry over the Forth, and in 1304 Edward I gave orders for the walls of "Tolyalwyn" to be strengthened. Presumably this would have included strengthening the D-shaped moat and the outer rampart, making the position strong against attack across the marshy land, which would not be drained until the 18th century. There would have been buildings within the enclosure, but the old castle
2652-477: Was the daughter of the Earl of Menteith . She had an annuity of 360 merks, and lived at Tulliallan until 1662. His son, Alexander, could not free the estate from the burden of debts that his father had contracted. The Court of Session ordered a judicial sale. In 1700 the estate was purchased by Colonel John Erskine, son of David Erskine, 4th Lord Cardross . The celebrated covenanting preacher John Blackadder (1622-1685)
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#17328558189522704-499: Was to meet the Homes to try to resolve their differences. Following this the Blackadders made no further attempts to recover their ancestral estates. William Blackadder was among the supporters of Mary, Queen of Scots at the Battle of Carberry Hill (15 June 1567). He was arrested soon after and hanged in June, and his brother was hanged in September. The last Blackadder to own Tulliallan was Sir John, born in 1596 and on 18 July 1626 created
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