19-673: Tucano may refer to: Tucano people , indigenous people of Brazil and Colombia The Tucano language of Brazil and Colombia, part of the Tucanoan family of languages Embraer EMB 312 Tucano , a Brazilian turboprop training aircraft Short Tucano – licence-built version for the Royal Air Force Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano – upgraded version Flying Legend Tucano Replica , an Italian light-sport aircraft Flylab Tucano , an Italian ultralight aircraft The Portuguese name for
38-433: A genetic point of view, aversion to breeding with close relatives results in fewer congenital diseases. If one person has a faulty gene, breeding outside his group increases the chances that his partner will have another functional type gene and their child may not suffer the defect. Outbreeding favours the condition of heterozygosity , that is having two nonidentical copies of a given gene. J. F. McLennan holds that exogamy
57-572: A group of Indigenous South Americans in the northwestern Amazon, along the Vaupés River and the surrounding area. They are mostly in Colombia , but some are in Brazil . They are usually described as being made up of many separate tribes , but that oversimplifies the social and linguistic structure of the region. The Tucano are multilingual because men must marry outside their language group: no man may have
76-438: A social group. Exogamy often results in two individuals that are not closely genetically related marrying each other; that is, outbreeding as opposed to inbreeding . This may benefit offspring as it reduces the risk of the offspring inheriting two copies of a defective gene. Nancy Wilmsen Thornhill states that the drive in humans to not reproduce or be attracted to one's immediate family is evolutionarily adaptive, as it reduces
95-413: A specified group of people to which a person belongs. Thus, persons may be expected to marry outside their totem clan(s) or other groups, in addition to outside closer blood relatives. Researchers have proposed different theories to account for the origin of exogamy. Edvard Westermarck said an aversion to marriage between blood relatives or near kin emerged with a parental deterrence of incest . From
114-520: A uniting force between groups. Dual exogamy, in which two groups continually intermarry with each other, is a traditional form of arranging marriages in numerous modern societies and in many societies described in classical literature. It can be matrilineal or patrilineal. It is practiced by some Australian tribes , historically widespread in the Turkic societies , Taï societies ( Ivory Coast ), Eskimo , among Ob-Ugrians and others. In tribal societies,
133-455: A widespread regional 'trade' language. Children are born into the multilingual environment: the child's father speaks one language (considered the Tucano language ), the child's mother another, other women with whom the child has daily contact, and perhaps still others. However, everyone in the community is interested in language-learning so most people can speak most of the languages. Multilingualism
152-403: A wife who speaks his language, which would be viewed as a kind of incest . Men choose women from various neighboring tribes who speak other languages. Furthermore, on marriage, women move into the men's households or longhouses. Consequently, in any village several languages are used: the language of the men; the various languages spoken by women who originate from different neighboring tribes; and
171-438: Is dual exogamy , in which two groups continually intermarry with each other. In social science , exogamy is viewed as a combination of two related aspects: biological and cultural. Biological exogamy is the marriage of people who are not blood relatives . This is regulated by incest taboos and laws against incest . Cultural exogamy is marrying outside a specific cultural group; the opposite being endogamy , marriage within
190-511: Is a traditional group of people who may be distantly related but have been living in the same area or have an ancestral home in the same area. Morgan maintains that exogamy was introduced to prevent marriage between blood relations, especially between brother and sister, which had been common in an earlier state of promiscuity. Frazer says that exogamy was begun to maintain the survival of family groups, especially when single families became larger political groups. Claude Lévi-Strauss introduced
209-535: Is taken for granted, and moving from one language to another in the course of a single conversation is very common. In fact, multilingualism is so usual that the Tucano are hardly conscious that they do speak different languages as they shift easily from one to another. They cannot readily tell an outsider how many languages they speak, and they must be suitably prompted to enumerate the languages that they speak and to describe how well they speak each one. As mentioned above,
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#1732848047990228-666: The toucan A member or supporter of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party Tucano, Brazil , a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil. Tucanos, Restaurant , a growing Brazilian based restaurant in various locations of the United States. Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tucano . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
247-423: The "Alliance Theory" of exogamy, that is, that small groups must force their members to marry outside so as to build alliances with other groups. According to this theory, groups that engaged in exogamy would flourish, while those that did not would all die, either literally or because they lacked sufficient ties for cultural and economic exchange, leaving them at a disadvantage. The exchange of men or women served as
266-406: The Tucano practice linguistic exogamy . Members of a linguistic descent group marry outside their own linguistic descent group. As a result, it is normal for Tucano people to speak two, three, or more Tucanoan languages, and any Tucano household ( longhouse ) is likely to be host to numerous languages. The descent groups (sometimes referred to as tribes ) all have their accompanying language; some of
285-399: The dual exogamy union lasted for many generations, ultimately uniting the groups initially unrelated by blood or language into a single tribe or nation. Linguistic exogamy is a form of cultural exogamy in which marriage occurs between speakers of different languages. The custom is common among French Canadian communities, as well as among indigenous groups in the northwest Amazon , such as
304-489: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tucano&oldid=1105851053 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tucano people The Tucano people (sometimes spelt Tukano)(In Tucano : ye’pâ-masɨ (m.sg.), ye’pâ-maso (f.sg.), ye’pâ-masa (pl.)) , are
323-447: The most well known are listed below: The Tucano are swidden horticulturalists and grow manioc and other staples in forest clearings. They also hunt, trap, fish, and forage wild plants and animals. Exogamy Exogamy is the social norm of mating or marrying outside one's social group . The group defines the scope and extent of exogamy, and the rules and enforcement mechanisms that ensure its continuity. One form of exogamy
342-422: The risk of children having genetic defects caused by inbreeding, as a result of inheriting two copies of a deleterious recessive gene. In one Old Order Amish society, inbreeding increases the risk of "neonatal and postneonatal mortality." In French populations, the children of first cousins develop cystinosis at a greater rate than the general population. Cultural exogamy is the custom of marrying outside
361-505: Was due originally to a scarcity of women among small bands. Men were obliged to seek wives from other groups, including marriage by capture , and exogamy developed as a cultural custom. Émile Durkheim derives exogamy from totemism . He said that a people had religious respect for the blood of a totemic clan, for the clan totem is a god and is present especially in the blood, a sacred substance. In some forms of Hinduism such as Shaktism , people can only marry outside their gotra which
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