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31-533: Trollhättan was granted city rights (which today have no legal effect) in 1916 at which time it had about 15,000 inhabitants, now grown to 59,058. Trollhättan was founded on the river Göta älv , at the Trollhättan Falls . The site was first mentioned in literature from 1413. Trollhättan had a strategic significance on the road between Västergötland and Norway. It was also of a commercial and political significance for shipping to and from Vänern . Utilization of

62-672: A borough (or burgh ) was distinguished from the countryside by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws . Common privileges involved trade (marketplace, the storing of goods, etc.) and the establishment of guilds . Some of these privileges were permanent and could imply that the town obtained the right to be called a borough , hence the term "borough rights" ( German : Stadtrecht ; Dutch : stadsrechten ). Some degree of self-government , representation by diet , and tax-relief could also be granted. Multiple tiers existed; for example, in Sweden ,

93-472: A Dominican order established in 1286. The diocese also consisted of a Cistercian monastery at Varnhem and a Cistercian nunnery at Gudhem , founded around 1160. Besides Skara Cathedral and Varnhem Abbey , there are a large number of romanesque churches which were constructed during this period within the diocese. In the village of Husaby there was a spring dedicated to St. Brigid of Kildare , an Irish saint. This Irish dedication may be accounted for by

124-433: A large rock at the bottom of the waterfall (before the hydro dam was built) was imagined to look like a troll's hat. Other former names of the site are Eiðar and Stora Edet ; the latter lives on in the name of the south-bordering municipality of Lilla Edet . The manufacturing company Nydqvist & Holm AB (now NOHAB) was based in the city of Trollhättan dating from 1847. Further industries quickly followed. Dating from

155-477: A long time one of Sweden's biggest tourist attractions, owing to its impressive views of the Trollhättan Falls. On 22 October 2015, a mass stabbing occurred at Kronan School, a high school. The name Trollhättan itself was originally used only for the falls area. The name Trollhättan is translated as " troll 's bonnet ". The latter part " hätta " could also mean mountain top. The water that splashed from

186-469: A saint and in 1499 Alexander VI allowed for the translation of his relics, but Saint Brinolfo was never formally canonized . Both he and his successor, Bishop Benedict III Tunnesson (1317–21), oversaw the restoration of Skara Catheral which began in 1312 and was completed in 1320. Bishop Sven the Great (1435– c. 1448) added frescos to the restored cathedral. Bishop Bryniolph III Gerlaktsson (1478–1505) regulated

217-517: A system of locks began and the first lock was completed around 1607 at Lilla Edet . During the 18th century several unsuccessful attempts were made to complete the locks. In 1718 a contract was signed by the government and Christopher Polhem (1661–1751) for construction of a canal between Kattegatt and Lake Vänern and from Vättern to the Baltic Sea . Trollhätte Canal first begun construction in 1718. In 1800, Baltzar von Platen (1766–1829) completed

248-453: Is known of the next four bishops which succeeded Adalvard the younger: Rodulvard, Rikulf, Hervard, and finally Styrbjörn, who died c. 1130. They were eventually succeeded by Bishop Ödgrim or Oedgrim. Varnhem Abbey was founded in 1150 during his episcopate, and Oedgrim is known to have been present at the consecrations of Lund Cathedral in 1145 as well as Skara Cathedral . Oedgrim's successor, Bishop Benedict I (1158–90), expanded and furnished

279-676: Is the oldest existing diocese in Sweden. It was originally a Latin bishopric of the Roman Catholic church , but since the Protestant Reformation has been a Lutheran diocese within the Church of Sweden , with its seat in Skara at Skara Cathedral . In 2014, it celebrated its 1000-year anniversary as a full diocese. The diocese was first founded around 990 CE in Skara , the capital of the country of

310-548: The 2017 Bandy World Championship . The following sports clubs are located in Trollhättan: City rights Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditions of the self-administration of Roman cities. Judicially,

341-679: The Archdiocese of Lund . In 1164 it was finally made suffragan to the Archdiocese of Uppsala , under which it remained until the Catholic diocese's dissolution during the Protestant Reformation . The diocese's cathedral chapter consisted latterly of a dean, an archdeacon , a subdean , and twenty-one canons . The town also had a Franciscan priory which was established around 1242 and a Dominican order priory from about 1260. At Lödöse there were also Franciscan order established in 1283 and

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372-595: The Geats in Götaland . It covered the entire era of medieval Götaland until about 1100, when the eastern portion of the diocese was split off and formed the Diocese of Linköping . It then consisted of the provinces of Västergötland and Värmland . When the Diocese of Skara was founded, it was initially suffragan to the Archdiocese of Hamburg-Bremen until 1104 when it was transferred to

403-534: The 19th century, Trollhättan formerly housed the headquarters and main production plant of Saab Automobile and subsequently the headquarters and a production plant of National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS). It also has a number of industrial facilities, headed by GKN Aerospace (previously known as Volvo Aero ) and its contractual suppliers. As with parallel locations elsewhere in Europe, much of its production has moved from heavy industry to professional services and

434-595: The Bishop of Skara. Adalvard the Elder died in 1060 and was buried near the first Cathedral of St. Mary, which he had commissioned. Acelin, dean of Bremen, was consecrated bishop in 1061, but never took possession of the see. Adalvard the younger, who had visited and buried his elder namesake in 1060, was invited on his expulsion from the See of Sigtuna in 1067 to become Bishop of Skara, but was recalled to Bremen by Archbishop Adalbert. Little

465-598: The Elder functioned as the first bishop stationed at Skara about 990, Sigfrid was officially named as the first Bishop of Skara in a list of bishops in the Västgötalagen , dating to c. 1325. Sigfrid was an Englishman of Scandinavian origin, a court bishop of King Olaf I of Norway , and a monk of Glastonbury . According to the Västgötalagen, Sigfrid founded three churches in Västergötland and baptized Olof Skötkonung ,

496-455: The basic royal charter establishing a borough enabled trade, but not foreign trade, which required a higher-tier charter granting staple right . This European history –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article relating to the law of Europe or of a European country is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Diocese of Skara The Diocese of Skara ( Swedish : Skara stift )

527-589: The bishop of Skara in about 1031, a position which he held until at least 1043. Although Sigfrid had entered into communication with the Archbishopric of Bremen and sent his relative and successor Osmund to be educated there, both Sigfrid and Osmund seem to have been regarded as intruders by the Archbishop of Hamburg–Bremen . Osmund was consecrated in Poland , and refused to acknowledge the primacy of Hamburg. His refusal

558-498: The border between his diocese and that of the Archdiocese of Lund . His successor, Bishop Vincent Hennings, was beheaded by King Christian II at the Stockholm bloodbath on 8 November 1520, although he protested aloud on his way to the scaffold against the injustice of his condemnation. Vincent Hennings was succeeded by Magnus Haraldsson (1523), whose election was not confirmed by the pope in spite of King Gustavus I 's request. Instead

589-477: The canal under construction, and the falls. It has since been updated several times, and the present locks were finished in 1916. In the late 19th century, hydropower was developed in Trollhättan. The Swedish energy corporation Vattenfall took its name from the falls in Trollhättan. Today the city has two operational hydropower stations, Olidan and Hojum . Trollhättan is also home of King Oscars Bridge , for

620-494: The cathedral. Benedict also oversaw the construction of Churches of St. Nicholas and of St. Peter in Skara, as well other infrastructure works such as roads and bridges. Bishop Jerpulf was consecrated in 1191, and held the position until 1201. During his term, he persuaded a popular assembly at Askubeck to assign to the bishop part of the tithe . Bishop Benedict II (1217–30) founded several secular canonries in 1220, and thus establishing

651-510: The creation of intellectual property . As of 2011, Trollhättan hosts a film production complex known as Trollywood ; movies shot there include Show Me Love ( Fucking Åmål ), Dancer in the Dark , Melancholia , Dogville and studio scenes for Lilya 4-ever . The movie studio Film i Väst centered here produces about half of the Swedish feature-length films. During the 17th century, work on

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682-564: The diocese's cathedral chapter . Brinolfo Algotsson is perhaps the most well known bishop of Skara, and the medieval bishop about whom the most records survive. He studied for eighteen years at the University of Paris before becoming the dean of Linköping . In 1278, he became Bishop of Skara. He issued statutes in 1231, and composed hymns and other works, amongst them a Life of St. Helena of Skövde . Bishop Brinolfo Algotsson died on 6 February 1317. After his death, he became venerated as

713-408: The expense of the canal company, a sacristy was built in the north-west in 1896–1897 with a rise to the pulpit, and the same year came glass paintings designed by Folke Zettervall (1862–1955). The window paintings in the choir, which was installed in 1962, are done by artist Ralph Bergholtz (1908-1988). The church was restored in 1983–84 with Jerk Alton as architect. Trollhättan hosted Division B of

744-557: The fact that King Olof Skötkonung was baptized in Ireland in 1008 by Sigfrid, one of the first bishops of the diocese. St. Olaf was specially venerated in Dalby and Elgaa in Värmland . When the diocese was founded in 990 there was no strict division of the country into dioceses, and missionary bishops traveled around the region preaching wherever they could. Because of this, although Odinkar Hvite

775-479: The first Christian King of Sweden , at Husaby in 1008. In Skara, Odinkar was succeeded by Thurgot, the first diocesan Bishop of Skara who held the position from 1012 to 1030. He was nominally succeeded by Gotskalk, a monk of the Benedictine abbey at Lüneburg , who never left his abbey, although he had been consecrated as bishop of Skara by Archbishop Liavizo of Hamburg (1030–32). Sigfrid took over official domain as

806-524: The locks. Larger locks were later built under Nils Ericson (1802–1870). The further construction of the Göta Canal enabled larger boats to pass through Trollhätte Canal. Trollhättan Church ( Trollhättans Kyrka ) belongs to the Trollhättan congregation in the Diocese of Skara . Between 1860 and 1862, the New Trollhätte Canal Company ( Nya Trollhätte Kanalbolag ) built Trollhättan church. It

837-469: The pope installed Johannes Franciscus de Potentia, a Franciscan , as Bishop of Skara, but the king refused to receive him. Gustavus I is widely considered to have started the Protestant Reformation in Sweden . Bishop Magnus Haraldsson, though at first submissive towards Gustavus I, led his diocesans to Larv to take part in the Westrogothian rebellion in opposition to implementation of Protestantism . He

868-594: The river falls was the first important business activity in the area. From the Middle Ages milling and sawing operations have been conducted where the city center is now located. For centuries, Trollhättan Falls was an obstacle for boats travelling the river, until a lock system was completed in the 19th century. In 1795 the English writer Mary Wollstonecraft visited Trollhattan on her trip through Sweden, Norway and Denmark. She described in one of her letters her observations of

899-518: Was accordingly deposed by the king, who in 1530 appointed a Protestant, Svend Jacobsson, to take over the diocese. After the Reformation, the former dioceses of the Catholic Church in Sweden were overtaken by the Church of Sweden . Värmland , part of the original diocese's jurisdiction, was separated from the Diocese of Skara and made part of the Diocese of Mariestad and then later transferred to

930-462: Was inauguration in 1862 and was handed over to the congregation as a gift. The church is erected in a neo-Gothic style after drawings by architect Adolf W. Edelsvärd (1824–1919). It consists of a longhouse with a north–south orientation. To the south is the tower with main entrance and to the north is a polygonal cairn . It is located on a cliff in the Göta River in the middle of the canal system. At

961-405: Was supported by King Anund Jacob . Consequently, when Adalvard the Elder , the dean of Bremen who had been consecrated Bishop of Skara by Archbishop Adalbert on the death of Bishop Gotskalk, came to Skara around 1050 to take possession of his see, he was prevented from doing so. He had to wait for Osmund's departure for England around 1057 before he could overtake the position and install himself as

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