Tripoli Eyalet ( Ottoman Turkish : ایالت طرابلس شام , romanized : Eyālet-i Ṭrāblus-ı Şām ; Arabic : طرابلس الشام ) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire . The capital was in Tripoli, Lebanon . Its reported area in the 19th century was 1,629 square miles (4,220 km).
12-565: It extended along the coast, from the southern limits of the Amanus mountains in the north, to the gorge of Maameltein to the south, which separated it from the territory of the sanjak of Sidon-Beirut. Along with the chiefly Sunni Muslim and Maronite Christian coastal towns of Latakia , Jableh , Baniyas , Tartus , Tripoli, Batrun and Byblos , the eyalet included the Wadi al-Nasara valley (the Valley of
24-675: A few months in 1521. From the time of the Ottoman conquest in 1516 until 1579, the affairs of the sanjak were under the control of the Turkoman ‘Assaf emirs of Ghazir in Kisrawan . When the eyalet was reconstituted in 1579, a new Turkoman family was put in charge, the Sayfas, and they held power until the death of the family's patriarch, Yusuf , in 1625. The Sayfas were frequently dismissed as governors, mainly for failing to meet their financial obligations to
36-747: Is a mountain range in the Hatay Province of south-central Turkey . It begins south of the Taurus Mountains and the Ceyhan river , runs roughly parallel to the Gulf of İskenderun , and ends on the Mediterranean coast between the Gulf of İskenderun and the Orontes ( Asi ) river mouth. The range is around 100 miles (200 kilometers) in length and reaches a maximum elevation of 2,240 m (7,350 ft). It divides
48-648: Is the northernmost range in the Prince Charles Mountains of Mac. Robertson Land , Antarctica . The range consists of many individual mountains and nunataks that trend east–west for 40 miles (64 km) along the north side of Scylla Glacier . These mountains were first observed from aircraft of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump , 1946–47. The western part of the range was first visited by an ANARE Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) party led by John Béchervaise in November 1955. The range
60-580: The Christians), the An-Nusayriyah Mountains , inhabited by Alawites , as well as the northern reaches of the Lebanon range, where the majority of inhabitants were Maronite Christians . Ottoman rule in the region began in 1516, but the eyalet wasn't established until 1579, when it was created from the north-western districts of the eyalets of Damascus and Aleppo . Previously, it had been an eyalet for
72-589: The coastal region of Cilicia from Antioch and inland Syria , making a natural border between Asia Minor ( Anatolia ) in the southeast region and the rest of Southwest Asia . Its highest peak is Bozdağ Dağı. A major pass through the mountains known as the Belen Pass (Syrian Gates) is located near the town of Belen , and another pass known as the Amanic Gates (Bahçe Pass) lies farther north. The Amanos Mountains, located in southern Turkey, are recognized as one of
84-651: The mountains. On account of this, it was called Gâvur Dağ (Mount of Infidels) by the Turks. In 1028, the Emperor Romanos III , disturbed by the number of "heretical" (i.e., Syriac and Armenian) monks in the Black Mountain, tried to draft them for his campaign against Aleppo . In the 1050s the famous physician Ibn Butlan , who later would himself become a monk in Antioch, was impressed by the general health of monasticism in
96-769: The region and especially of the monastery of St Simeon the Younger . In 1066, the monasteries were devastated by Afshin Bey who killed many monks. In 1098, the monks gave provisions to the Crusader army besieging Antioch . The monasteries were plundered again after the Battle of Ager Sanguinis in 1119 and many monks slain. 36°45′N 36°20′E / 36.750°N 36.333°E / 36.750; 36.333 Athos Range Athos Range ( 70°13′S 64°50′E / 70.217°S 64.833°E / -70.217; 64.833 )
108-499: The state, rather than for being rebellious. From 1800 to 1808, 1810–20 and 1821–35 the governor of the eyalet was Mustafa Agha Barbar . Eyalet consisted of five sanjaks between 1700 and 1740 as follows: Amanus The Nur Mountains ( Turkish : Nur Dağları , "Mountains of Holy Light"), formerly known as Alma-Dağ , the ancient Mount Amanus ( Ancient Greek : Ἄμᾱνος ), medieval Black Mountain , or Jabal al-Lukkam in Arabic,
120-461: The world’s biodiversity hotspots and one of Turkey's 9 environmental hotspots. This pristine region features typical Mediterranean flora and is home to numerous endemic species. Its rich ecosystems contribute significantly to the ecological diversity of Turkey, making it a vital area for conservation efforts. The specific term "Mount Amanus" is referred to by ancient writers. In the Middle Ages , it
132-607: Was again visited in December 1956 by the ANARE southern party, 1956–57, led by W.G. Bewsher , and a depot was established at the eastern extremity. It was named after a character in The Three Musketeers , a novel by Alexandre Dumas, père which was the most popular book read on the southern journey. Geographical features include: [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of
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#1732855110875144-667: Was called the Black Mountain in Byzantine Greek , Armenian , Syriac and Latin . While monks had been leading a solitary life in the mountains since the fourth century, it was during the 10th and 11th century that the area became a major monastic hub for Byzantine monasticism, in its importance for the Byzantine East comparable to the influence of Athos in the Byzantine West. There were numerous Armenian , Melkite , Jacobite , Georgian , and Catholic monasteries and hermits in
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