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31-643: Trie-sur-Baïse is named after Jean de Trie, Lord of Toulouse. Trie-sur-Baïse is a commune of the Pays des Coteaux, an administrative area that includes Tournay , Castelnau-Magnoac , Pouyastruc and Galan. The town lies next to the Baïse river, which runs through the Gers et de Lot-et-Garonne and Hautes-Pyrénées departments. Trie-sur-Baïse is a crossing point of five roads going to Castelnau-Magnoac (towards Toulouse), Lannemezan , Miélan , Mirande and Tarbes . Trie-sur-Baïse

62-470: A sociolect of Gascon with special phonetic and lexical features, which linguistics named Judeo-Gascon . It has been superseded by a sociolect of French that retains most of the lexical features of this former variety. Béarnais , the official language when Béarn was an independent state, does not correspond to a unified language: the three forms of Gascon are spoken in Béarn (in the south, Pyrenean Gascon, in

93-481: A center of cultural activities. A typical example of meridional gothic architecture, the church is the centerpoint of local historical interest and its cloister has been reconstructed stone by stone at The Cloisters museum in New York City . In Trie-sur-Baïse, there are shops to satisfy everyday requirements. In addition, every Tuesday, there is a traditional market in the centre of town. From December to February,

124-495: A delicious white bean prized for its rich flavour and fine skin, is grown locally, usually in conjunction with corn crops as the corn stalks are used to support the climbing beans. Rugby is a popular sport, with the local FCT teams playing regular matches. The handball, badminton, cycling, football (soccer), judo, skeet shooting and tennis clubs are also active. Cycling is a popular sport in the region, with Trie being ideally located for rides on relatively flat roads or longer rides in

155-511: A southern Gascon variety, is spoken in Catalonia alongside Catalan and Spanish . Most people in the region are trilingual in all three languages, causing some influence from Spanish and Catalan. Both these influences tend to differentiate it more and more from the dialects of Gascon spoken in France. Most linguists now consider Aranese a distinct dialect of Occitan and Gascon. Since the 2006 adoption of

186-558: Is 12.9 °C (55.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 998.7 mm (39.32 in) with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20.6 °C (69.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.8 °C (42.4 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Tournay was 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) on 13 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded

217-527: Is located in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France. The royal fortified town of Trie-sur-Baïse, the new Bastide, was founded in 1323 under a contract of a paréage signed by Jean de Trie, Seneschal of Toulouse and representative of the King, the seigneur of Bernard Duffort Manas, the seigneur of Puydarrieux Gerald of Esparros and a representative of the abbey Escaladieu, Father Roger Mauleon. In 1355,

248-514: Is often considered a variety of Occitan , although some authors consider it a different language. Gascon is mostly spoken in Gascony and Béarn ( Béarnese dialect ) in southwestern France (in parts of the following French départements : Pyrénées-Atlantiques , Hautes-Pyrénées , Landes , Gers , Gironde , Lot-et-Garonne , Haute-Garonne , and Ariège ) and in the Val d'Aran of Catalonia. Aranese ,

279-680: Is organised where one can buy, sell or simply admire curios, pieces of furniture and artefacts. Around the first Sunday of August, the local fair takes place over five days with various activities for children and adults. Tournay, Hautes-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es Tournay ( French pronunciation: [tuʁnaj] ; Gascon : Tornai ) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department , southwestern France . Tournay station has rail connections to Toulouse, Tarbes and Pau. Tournay has an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfb ). The average annual temperature in Tournay

310-704: Is the change from "f" to "h". Where a word originally began with [f] in Latin, such as festa 'party/feast', this sound was weakened to aspirated [h] and then, in some areas, lost altogether; according to the substrate theory, this is due to the Basque dialects' lack of an equivalent /f/ phoneme , causing Gascon hèsta [ˈhɛsto] or [ˈɛsto] . A similar change took place in Spanish . Thus, Latin facere gives Spanish hacer ( [aˈθer] ) (or, in some parts of southwestern Andalusia , [haˈsɛɾ] ). Another phonological effect resulting from

341-498: The 11th century over the coastal fringe of Gipuzkoa extending from Hondarribia to San Sebastian , where Gascon was spoken up to the early 18th century and often used in formal documents until the 16th century, with evidence of its continued occurrence in Pasaia in the 1870s. A minor focus of influence was the Way of St James and the establishment of ethnic boroughs in several towns based on

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372-425: The Basque substrate may have been Gascon's reluctance to pronounce a /r/ at the beginning of words, resolved by means of a prothetical vowel. Although some linguists deny the plausibility of the Basque substrate theory, it is widely assumed that Basque, the "Circumpyrenean" language (as put by Basque linguist Alfonso Irigoyen and defended by Koldo Mitxelena , 1982), is the underlying language spreading around

403-797: The Pyrenees onto the banks of the Garonne River, maybe as far east as the Mediterranean in Roman times ( niska cited by Joan Coromines as the name of each nymph taking care of the Roman spa Arles de Tech in Roussillon , etc.). Basque gradually eroded across Gascony in the High Middle Ages (Basques from the Val d'Aran cited still circa 1000), with vulgar Latin and Basque interacting and mingling, but eventually with

434-454: The center and in the east, Eastern Gascon; to the north-west, Western Gascon). A poll conducted in Béarn in 1982 indicated that 51% of the population could speak Gascon, 70% understood it, and 85% expressed a favourable opinion regarding the protection of the language. However, use of the language has declined dramatically over recent years as a result of the Francization taking place during

465-611: The city was sieged and destroyed by the Prince of Wales, better known as Black Prince, as part of his devastating expeditions to the Southwest of France during the Hundred Year War. The reconstruction of the city started in 1365. The structure of the town follows the classic structure of the Bastide with the central square surrounded by stone houses and shops under the arcades. In some Bastides,

496-463: The concerned region. It is mainly in Béarn that the population uses concurrently the term "Béarnais" to designate its Gascon forms. This is because of the political past of Béarn, which was independent and then part of a sovereign state (the shrinking Kingdom of Navarre ) from 1347 to 1620. In fact, there is no unified Béarnais dialect, as the language differs considerably throughout the province. Many of

527-430: The day, pigs and pork were the subject of various events, for example: In the evening, dinner was served and, to end the day with a flourish, musical entertainment was provided by a celebrity. After a run of 36 years, the last festival was held in 2011 . Each year, on July 13 and August 13, night markets with fireworks, music and dancing are held from 7 pm onwards on the town square. At the end of July, an antique fair

558-435: The differences in pronunciation can be divided into east, west, and south (the mountainous regions). For example, an 'a' at the end of words is pronounced "ah" in the west, "o" in the east, and "œ" in the south. Because of Béarn's specific political past, Béarnais has been distinguished from Gascon since the 16th century, not for linguistic reasons. Probably as a consequence of the linguistic continuum of western Romania and

589-574: The former replacing the latter north of the east and middle Pyrenees and developing into Gascon. However, modern Basque has had lexical influence from Gascon in words like beira ("glass"), which is also seen in Galician-Portuguese . One way for the introduction of Gascon influence into Basque came about through language contact in bordering areas of the Northern Basque Country , acting as adstrate. The other one has taken place since

620-564: The last centuries, as Gascon is rarely transmitted to young generations any longer (outside of schools, such as the Calandretas ). By April 2011, the Endangered Languages Project estimated that there were only 250,000 native speakers of the language. The usual term for Gascon is "patois", a word designating in France a non-official and usually devaluated dialect (such as Gallo ) or language (such as Occitan ), regardless of

651-494: The mountains. There are also trails for mountain biking. On 26 July 2018, stage 18 of the Tour de France departed from Trie-sur-Baïse, with the route taking the professional cyclists to the finish in Pau . The festival, called "La Grande Pourcailhade", was based around the theme of the pig and was traditionally held at the beginning of August. However, due to a lack of volunteers, notably for

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682-455: The name Occitan : instead, they argue that the latter is a cover term for a family of distinct lengas d'òc rather than dialects of a single language. Gascon, in particular, is distinct enough linguistically to have been described as a language in its own right. The language spoken in Gascony before Roman rule was part of the Basque dialectal continuum (see Aquitanian language ); the fact that

713-563: The new statute of Catalonia , Aranese is co-official with Catalan and Spanish in all of Catalonia (before, this status was valid for the Aran Valley only). It was also one of the mother tongues of the English kings Richard the Lionheart and his younger brother John Lackland . While many scholars accept that Occitan may constitute a single language, some authors reject this opinion and even

744-441: The old market structures, the halles- have been replaced by more recent buildings. This is the case for Trie-sur-Baïse, where the central market building was reconstructed using iron. In August 1355, the early inhabitants of Trie assembled to decide where the church should be built. Snow began to fall and covered the ground except for one spot in the shape of a cross. This is where they built the first chapel dedicated to our "Lady of

775-429: The pig-squealing contest, it was decided by the festival's organisers, the town's Office de Tourisme, that the festival would be cancelled for 2012 and thereafter until a more convenient date could be agreed upon (Office de Tourisme) . August is a poor month due to it being the region's hottest month of the year and the time of year most French people, and therefore potential volunteers, take their annual holidays. During

806-550: The privileges bestowed on the Francs by the Kingdom of Navarre from the 12th to the early 14th centuries, but the variant spoken and used in written records is mainly the Occitan of Toulouse. The énonciatif (Occitan: enunciatiu ) system of Gascon, a system that is more colloquial than characteristic of normative written Gascon and governs the use of certain preverbal particles (including

837-434: The snow", who is, to this day, the protector of the town. The anniversary on the first Sunday of August is still a date for important local worship and rejoicing. The Carmes monastery was founded in 1365. In 1659, arson destroyed the main buildings and only the church could be partly saved from complete destruction. The monastery was only rebuilt 60 to 70 years later. The church was fully restored in 1992 and has today become

868-463: The sometimes emphatic affirmative que , the occasionally mitigating or dubitative e , the exclamatory be , and the even more emphatic ja / ye , and the "polite" se ) has also been attributed to the Basque substrate. Gascon is divided into three varieties or dialect sub-groups: The Jews of Gascony, who resided in Bordeaux , Bayonne and other cities, spoke until the beginning of the 20th century

899-437: The special "marché au gras" (goose and duck produce) takes place on Sundays. Also at the end of August is the "foire aux broutards", where over 3500 calves are sold. The local economy is primarily based on agriculture, with corn, wheat, beets, canola and soy, among others, grown. The region is well-known for its high-quality veal that is raised "under the mother" and for duck. Haricots Tarbais (Indication Géographique Protégée),

930-414: The word 'Gascon' comes from the Latin root vasco / vasconem , which is the same root that gives us 'Basque', implies that the speakers identified themselves at some point as Basque. There is a proven Basque substrate in the development of Gascon. This explains some of the major differences that exist between Gascon and other Occitan dialects. A typically Gascon feature that may arise from this substrate

961-406: Was −16.3 °C (2.7 °F) on 9 January 1985. This Hautes-Pyrénées geographical article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gascon language Gascon ( English: / ˈ ɡ æ s k ə n / ; Gascon: [ɡasˈku(ŋ)] , French: [ɡaskɔ̃] ) is the vernacular Romance variety spoken mainly in the region of Gascony , France . It

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