95-489: Trentham Military Camp is a New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF) facility located in Trentham , Upper Hutt , near Wellington . Originally a New Zealand Army installation, it is now run by Defence and accommodates all three services. It also hosts Joint NZDF facilities including: Elements of Army General Staff at Trentham Camp (including Messines Defence Centre) are: Units at Trentham Military Camp include: Prior to 1981 (when
190-653: A bombardment of a suspected guerilla camp, while operating with the Royal Navy 's Far East Fleet – the first of a number of bombardments by RNZN ships over the next five years. Jack Welch , later to become Chief of Naval Staff decades later, wrote that in 1959, the RNZN "was still very much part of the Royal Navy supported by New Zealand tax-payers. The officer corps and senior specialist ratings were very dependent on loan and exchange RN personnel, while our own [New Zealand] officers and senior ratings were almost exclusively trained in
285-682: A critical shortage of skilled trades including plumbers, electricians, carpenters, Special Forces, Navy propulsion experts and middle managers had led the Force to make two rounds of NZ$ 10,000 payments in an attempt to convince personnel to remain in the Defence Force. In July 2024, the NZDF confirmed that it would be investing NZ$ 490 million to expand and upgrade housing at the Waiouru Military Camp in partnership with local iwi (tribe) Ngāti Rangi over
380-400: A dispatch on 24 November 1846 from The Right Hon Earl Grey to advise Lieutenant Governor George Grey that ... the formation of a well-organised Militia and of a force of Natives in the service of Her Majesty, would appear to be the measures most likely to be successfully adopted. Further pressure in the early 1850s from Britain for removing their forces prompted pleas for them to remain as
475-619: A dive and hydrographic vessel commissioned in 2019, which sank off the coast of Samoa on 6 October 2024, and HMNZS Matataua. HMNZS Matataua was a land-based unit (a stone frigate ) commissioned in 2017 (previously the Littoral Warfare Support Force, the Littoral Warfare Support Group, and most recently the Littoral Warfare Unit) with two operational groups, one for military hydrographic survey and
570-415: A government set defence policy framework that defines its principles, outcomes and priorities. The NZDF is a critical component of New Zealand’s national security system. New Zealand takes an “all-hazards” approach to national security that brings government agencies together to respond to all risks to national security, whether internal or external, human, natural or artificial. The commander-in-chief
665-626: A man named Rily, later died of his wounds. The Auckland Militia was disbanded in August or early September 1845 because of budgetary constraints. Disbandment of the Nelson and Wellington Militias followed much to the dismay of their supporters. Those at Nelson under Captain Greenwood decided, regardless of pay or not, to continue training. Trouble in the Hutt Valley, near Wellington, in early March 1846 prompted
760-660: A mounted body of not more than 500 troops, with both Maori and settlers, and costing no more than 30,000 pounds per annum. All were volunteers and expected to serve for three years. Formation of the first unit did not begin until early April 1863, with 100 men being sought at New Plymouth under Captain Atkinson. Hawke's Bay was to have the next unit. By late April, papers were reporting few had enlisted in New Plymouth. Formation of an Auckland unit under Colonel Nixon commenced in July and by
855-434: Is a light combat force made up of infantry and motorised infantry equipped with 102 Canadian-manufactured LAV III light armoured vehicles. There are also armoured reconnaissance, artillery, logistic, communications, medical and intelligence elements. The New Zealand Special Air Service is the NZDF's special forces capability, which operates in both conventional warfare and counter-terrorist roles. The Corps and Regiments of
950-515: Is responsible for policing New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone, one of the largest in the world. In addition, the Patrol Force provides assistance to a range of civilian government agencies, including the Department of Conservation, New Zealand Customs and Police, Ministry of Fisheries and others. The Patrol Force consists of: The Littoral Warfare Support Force consisted of HMNZS Manawanui ,
1045-715: Is the Governor-General (as the representative of the King of New Zealand ). Control of the NZDF is under the Minister of Defence , under the Defence Act 1990 . The current Governor-General is Cindy Kiro , and the Minister of Defence is Judith Collins . Air Marshal Tony Davies was appointed Chief of Defence Force on 6 June 2024. After the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, New Zealand's security
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#17328516209991140-635: The 96th Regiment from Auckland to Wellington. These calls for a militia continued to grow with the Wairau Affray , the start of the New Zealand Wars . The calls eventually led to a bill being introduced to the Legislative Council in 1844. Those present noted their disapproval of the bill, unanimously deferring it for six months. On 22 March 1845 the Flagstaff War broke out, which proved to be
1235-557: The Anglo-Boer War and New Zealand officer candidates had trained at Australia's Royal Military College Duntroon since 1911, a practice that continues to this day. A combined Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ( ANZAC ) was formed for the Gallipoli campaign during World War I, and its exploits are key events in the military history of both countries. The NZDF came into existence under the Defence Act 1990 . Under previous legislation,
1330-576: The Battle of Inchon , performing shore raids and inland bombardment. Further RNZN Loch -class frigates joined these later – Rotoiti , Hawea , Taupo and Kaniere , as well as a number of smaller craft. Only one RNZN sailor was killed during the conflict – during the Inchon bombardments. The Navy later participated in the Malayan Emergency . In 1954 a New Zealand frigate, HMNZS Pukaki , carried out
1425-742: The Gallipoli Peninsula. Commemorates the town of Jericho in Palestine which the New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade passed through in 1918. Le Qesnoy Barracks are named after the French town of Le Quesnoy that the New Zealand Division Liberated on 5 November 1918. Messines Barracks are named after the 7–14 June 1917 Battle. Passechendaele Barracks are Named after the 12 October - 10 November 1917 Battle which
1520-647: The Imperial Russian Navy . Parliament discussed providing guns at ports around the country for use in the event of a war with a foreign power. By 1858 attention had swung back to local issues with a land dispute in New Plymouth prompting Governor Thomas Gore Browne to call out its militia under Captain Charles Brown. A prelude to what was to become the First Taranaki War and a period of conflict in
1615-685: The Japanese submarine I-20 off Fiji in 1942. In 1941–1942, it was decided in an agreement between the New Zealand and United States governments that the best role for the RNZN in the Pacific was as part of the United States Navy , so operational control of the RNZN was transferred to the South West Pacific Area command , and its ships joined United States 7th Fleet taskforces. In 1943,
1710-554: The Ministry of Works Depot, which was on the site formerly occupied by the former Central Institute of Technology campus. The dates of opening and closing of the Trentham Camp station (a temporary stopping place) are given as 11/8/1942 to 9/2/1953. The barracks are all associated with World War 1. This is appropriate because World War 1 saw the major development of Trentham Camp and thousands of soldiers trained there before they left for
1805-463: The NZ Police , and other government and civil agencies as requested and approved through Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand . The Royal New Zealand Air Force operates eight Kaman SH-2G(I) Super Seasprite helicopters. These aircraft are part of No. 6 Squadron RNZAF based at RNZAF Base Auckland . The aircraft are operated by RNZN aviators and are assigned to RNZN ships as required. The roles of
1900-864: The Naval Defence Act 1913 created the New Zealand Naval Forces , still a part of the Royal Navy. The first ship given by the British government for the New Zealand Naval Forces was the cruiser HMS Philomel , which escorted New Zealand land forces to occupy the German colony of Samoa in 1914. Philomel saw further action under the command of the Royal Navy in the Mediterranean, the Red Sea , and
1995-614: The Naval Defence Act 1913 , and the subsequent acquisition of the cruiser HMS Philomel , which by 1921 had been moored in Auckland as a training ship. A slow buildup occurred during the interwar period , and then in December 1939 HMS Achilles fought alongside two other Royal Navy cruisers at the Battle of the River Plate against the German ship, Graf Spee . The first recorded maritime combat activity in New Zealand occurred off
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#17328516209992090-714: The New Zealand Expeditionary Force to the Middle East in 1940 and was then deployed in the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Leander was subjected to air and naval attack from Axis forces, conducted bombardments, and escorted convoys. In February 1941, Leander sank the Italian auxiliary cruiser Ramb I in the Indian Ocean. In 1943, after serving further time in the Mediterranean, Leander returned to
2185-502: The New Zealand Expeditionary Force . New Zealand Defence Force The New Zealand Defence Force ( NZDF ; Māori : Te Ope Kātua o Aotearoa , lit. "Line of Defence of New Zealand") is the three-branched military of New Zealand . The NZDF is responsible for the protection of the national security of New Zealand and its realm , promoting its interests, safeguarding peace and security, as well as supporting peacekeeping and humanitarian missions. It consists of three services:
2280-570: The Persian Gulf . By 1917 she was worn out and was sent back to New Zealand where she served as a depot ship in Wellington Harbour for minesweepers. In 1921 she was transferred to Auckland for use as a training ship. The New Zealand Naval Forces passed to the control of Commander-in-Chief, China , after the Royal Navy forces in Australia came under Canberra's control in 1911. From 1921 to 1941
2375-770: The Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN), the New Zealand Army and the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF), as well as tri-service components. As of June 2023, the NZDF has a strength of 14,996 employees, consisting of 8,669 regular force personnel, 3,260 reserve force personnel and 3,067 civilian members. It is supported by the New Zealand Ministry of Defence (MOD) and is commanded by the Chief of Defence Force (CDF). The principal roles and tasks expected of
2470-514: The 14th had 30 men. Commander: Major-General Galloway By October 1863 there was no Wairarapa-based defence force, and 50 were based in Wanganui. The Otago force had earlier been moved to Wellington, with further Otago volunteers heading for the Auckland and Hawke's Bay Units. The total Defence Force numbered 375 by 3 November 1863. In October 1864 the Government decided to reduce the numbers in
2565-742: The 2000s, which later became Defence Shared Services. Following the establishment of Special Operations Command on 1 July 2015, the new position of Special Operations Component Commander was created. This officer reports to the Commander Joint Forces New Zealand, and is of equivalent status to the Maritime, Land and Air Component Commanders. For the first time, two of the Deputy Chiefs of service, Navy and Air Force, one-star Commodores and Air Commodores, were women. Captain Melissa Ross
2660-537: The Air Component Commander, Maritime Component Commander, and Land Component Commander exercise command over their forces. Commander Joint Forces New Zealand (COMJFNZ), controls all overseas operational deployments and most overseas exercises. As of September 2024 : The Defence Force created a joint-service corporate services organisation known as the Joint Logistics and Support Organisation (JLSO) in
2755-556: The British and Commonwealth effort against the Axis in Europe, and against the Japanese in the Pacific. They also played an important role in the defence of New Zealand, from German raiders , especially when the threat of invasion from Japan appeared imminent in 1942. Many merchant ships were requisitioned and armed for help in defence. One of these was HMNZS Monowai , which saw action against
2850-632: The Colonial Defence Force to 75 with three units of 25 members each in Wellington, Hawkes Bay and Taranaki. By this time there were about 10,000 British Imperial troops in New Zealand, supplemented by about as many New Zealand volunteer and militia forces. There were calls, particularly from South Island papers, for the British Imperial troops to be replaced by local forces. Parliamentary debates in late 1864 also supported this view, especially as
2945-634: The Defence Force contributed HMNZS Te Kaha to the UK Carrier Strike Group 's transit through the South China Sea . This deployment sought to reiterate New Zealand's support for free international passage through the South China Sea, which has been claimed by China as part of its territorial waters. In June 2023, HMNZS Te Mana was confronted by two People's Liberation Army Navy frigates, helicopters, and four other vessels near
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3040-629: The Deputy Chief of Army, Evan Williams, holds not just the customary rank of Brigadier but that of Major General , usually only held by the Chief of Army . In recent years, the New Zealand Defence Force has implemented a policy of honoring veterans, and increased its support to still servicemen and women in a number of ways. This includes starting the Defence Force KiwiSaver scheme, and appointing financial advisers to support
3135-512: The Far East to relieve ships on station." Until the 1960s the RNZN had, in common with other Dominion navies, flown the White Ensign as a common ensign. After 1945, the foreign policies of the now-independent states had become more distinctive. There was a growing wish and a need for separate identities, particularly if one Dominion was engaged in hostilities where another was not. Thus, in 1968,
3230-555: The German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee . The German Captain Hans Langsdorff then scuttled Graf Spee rather than face the loss of many more German seamen's lives. Achilles moved to the Pacific, and was working with the United States Navy (USN) when damaged by a Japanese bomb off New Georgia . Following repair, she served alongside the British Pacific Fleet until the war's end. The New Zealand Division of
3325-506: The HMNZS Aotearoa took part in a joint maritime patrol with Australian, Filipino, Japanese and United States warships and aircraft in the disputed South China Sea , which has also been claimed by China. The Combat Force consists of two Anzac-class frigates: HMNZS Te Kaha and HMNZS Te Mana . Initially, two more frigates were planned, but this was cancelled due to the political pressure surrounding defence expenditure following
3420-423: The Indian Ocean. Frigates were also sent to participate in the first Gulf War , and more recently Operation Enduring Freedom . The RNZN has played an important part in conflicts in the Pacific as well. Naval forces were utilised in the Bougainville , Solomon Islands and East Timor conflicts of the 1990s. The RNZN often participates in United Nations peacekeeping operations. The hydrographic survey ship of
3515-400: The Militia were deemed insufficient for the purpose. 1854 brought a new threat to the attention of the colony because up to that time the military focus had been upon internal conflicts between settlers and the Māori. War had broken out between Russia and Turkey . This war began to involve the major European powers and exposed New Zealand and Australia to a possible external threat from
3610-542: The NZDF is to provide a combat capable force to defend New Zealand’s sovereign territory , and protect critical lines of communication. To provide civil defence support, meet whole-of-government security objectives, as well as commitments to allies and partners, support government agencies, protect and promote regional peace, security and resilience in the South Pacific , and uphold the international rules-based order. The NZDF delivers military effects in support of New Zealand’s national security objectives . It follows
3705-417: The NZDF states its primary mission as: The intermediate outcomes of the NZDF are listed as: The role of the navy is to fulfil the maritime elements of the missions of the NZDF. The RNZN has a role to help prevent any unrest occurring in New Zealand. This can be done by having a presence in overseas waters and assisting redevelopment in troubled countries. For example, any unrest in the Pacific Islands has
3800-450: The NZDF's military attrition rate averaged at 15.8% (ranging from 12.1% for the Navy and 17.4% for the Army). In April 2023, Radio New Zealand reported that the high attrition rate had limited the NZDF's response to Cyclone Gabrielle , its ability to crew three naval offshore patrol vessels, and accelerated the Air Force's decommissioning of its fleet of P-3K2 Orions . The Chief of Defence Force Air Marshal Kevin Short also confirmed that
3895-408: The NZSIS moved across to Pipitea House in early 2013, and the NZDF were forced to vacate the Aitken St building after the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake , which seriously damaged the building. HQNZDF functions having been moved into other buildings and facilities across the region. HQNZDF operates as the administrative and support headquarters for the New Zealand Defence Force, with operational forces under
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3990-427: The New Zealand Army include: The Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) has 2,477 regular force and 354 reserve force aircrew. The RNZAF consists of 51 aircraft, consisting of P-8 Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft and Lockheed C-130 Hercules and other transport aircraft. The NHIndustries NH90 operates in a medium-utility role, and the AgustaWestland AW109 operates the light utility helicopter role, in addition to
4085-494: The New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy. New Zealand forces served alongside the British and other Empire and Commonwealth nations in World War I and World War II . The fall of Singapore in 1942 showed that Britain could no longer protect its far-flung Dominions. Closer military ties were therefore necessary for New Zealand's defence. With United States entering the war, they were an obvious choice. Links with Australia had also been developed earlier; both nations sent troops to
4180-513: The New Zealand Division operated a total of 14 ships, including the cruisers HMS Achilles (joined 31 March 1937) and HMS Leander , which replaced Diomede and Dunedin (replaced by Leander in 1937). When Britain went to war against Germany in 1939, New Zealand officially declared war at the same time, backdated to 9.30 pm on 3 September local time. But the gathering in Parliament in Carl Berendsen 's room (including Peter Fraser ) could not follow Chamberlain's words because of static on
4275-446: The New Zealand breakup of military relations with ANZUS in 1986. Both ships are based at the Devonport Naval Base in Auckland. HMNZS Te Kaha was commissioned on 26 July 1997 and HMNZS Te Mana on 10 December 1999. The specifications and armaments of the two ships are identical. Both ships completed refits in 2020 and 2022 respectively. The Patrol Force consists of two offshore and two inshore patrol vessels. The Patrol Force
4370-479: The North Island until 1872. The newly formed New Zealand Parliament revised and expanded the Militia Ordinance, replacing it with the Militia Act 1858. Some of the main changes were clauses enabling volunteers to be included under such terms and conditions as the Governor may specify. The act also outlined the purposes under which Militia could be called upon, including invasion. Debates in Parliament had included expressions of concern about Russian naval expansion in
4465-425: The Pacific Ocean. She assisted in the destruction of the Japanese cruiser Jintsu and was seriously damaged by torpedoes during the Battle of Kolombangara . The extent of the damage to Leander saw her docked for repairs until the end of the war. As the war progressed, the size of the RNZN greatly increased, and by the end of the war, there were over 60 ships in commission. These ships participated as part of
4560-413: The RNZN adopted its own ensign, which retained the Union Flag in a top quarter but replaces the St George's Cross with the Southern Cross constellation that is displayed on the national flag. Since 1946 the Navy has policed New Zealand's territorial waters and exclusive economic zone for fisheries protection. It also aids New Zealand's scientific activities in Antarctica, at Scott Base . One of
4655-457: The RNZN are liable for service in the Royal New Zealand Naval Reserve. The Reserve has an active and inactive list. RNZN personnel can choose to serve four years in the Reserve on discharge. The primary reserve component of the RNZN is the Royal New Zealand Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNZNVR), which is organised into four units based in Auckland (with a satellite unit at Tauranga), Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin: At present civilians can join
4750-412: The RNZN to undertake. Approximately 1,400 days at sea are required to fulfil these roles annually. Roles include patrolling the exclusive economic zone , transport to offshore islands, and support for the New Zealand Customs Service . The RNZN formerly produced hydrographic information for Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) under a commercial contract arrangement, however with the decommissioning of
4845-441: The RNZN until 2012 was HMNZS Resolution , succeeding the long-serving HMNZS Monowai . Resolution was used to survey and chart the sea around New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. A small motor boat, SMB Adventure , was operated from Resolution . Resolution carried some of the most advanced survey technology available. HMNZS Resolution was decommissioned at Devonport Naval Base on 27 April 2012. In October 2021
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#17328516209994940-426: The Royal Navy became the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) on 1 October 1941, in recognition of the fact that the naval force was now largely self-sufficient and independent of the Royal Navy. The Prime Minister Peter Fraser reluctantly agreed, though saying "now was not the time to break away from the old country". Ships thereafter were prefixed HMNZS (His/Her Majesty's New Zealand Ship). HMNZS Leander escorted
5035-407: The Royal Navy's operational warships were deployed from 1963 to the end of 1966 with Royalist , Taranaki , and Otago , heavily involved in boarding ships, shore patrols, presence, maintaining the use of seaways and support of the RN's amphibious carriers. The commitment, wrote Welch, "involved the whole fleet, as ships rotated though Pearl Harbor for workup with the USN before deploying on to
5130-435: The Southwest Pacific and Southern Ocean down to Antarctica as directed by government, and to meet New Zealand's responsibilities in its search and rescue area. Deployments further afield are conducted as required to meet the strategic intent of the Government of New Zealand. As of 30 June 2022, the RNZN consisted of 2,219 Regular Force personnel and 611 Naval Reserve personnel. All regular force personnel on discharge from
5225-443: The UK. We simply borrowed the RN's administrative regulations and amended them to local conditions. The Empire was alive and well. Operationally we were still very strongly tied to the UK." Later the Navy return to Malayan waters during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation . These operations were the RNZN's last large-scale operation with the Royal Navy. In a security crisis and threat to Malaysia and Sarawak and Brunei, two-thirds of
5320-405: The Volunteer Rifle Corps were added Volunteer Artillery Corps in mid-1859. The first of these Volunteer Artillery Corps were based in Auckland. By late 1859 the number of volunteer units was so great that Captain H C Balneavis was appointed Deputy Adjunct-General, based at Auckland. In 1863 the government passed the Colonial Defence Force Act 1862 creating the first Regular Force. This was to be
5415-411: The area at least 160 Militia remained. These were supplemented by volunteers and Māori warriors from the Te Aro pā . On 28 October 1846, with the passing of the Armed Constabulary Ordinance in 1846, a fresh call was made by Mr Donnelly of the Legislature to do away with the Militia because of its expense. The cost to Britain of maintaining a military force in New Zealand was considerable, prompting
5510-460: The battlefields of 1914–1918. Named after the French town of Armentières , which was utilised by the New Zealand Division as a rest area during World War 1. Chailak Dere Barracks commemorates an action by the men of the Wellington Mounted Rifles on the night of 6/7 August 1915. Named after the town of el-ʻArīsh on the Sinai Peninsula which was occupied by the New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade in December 1916. Named after Cape Helles on
5605-473: The best-known roles that the RNZN played on the world stage was when the frigates Canterbury and Otago were sent by the Labour Government of Norman Kirk to Moruroa Atoll in 1973 to protest against French nuclear testing there. The frigates were sent into the potential blast zone of the weapons, where both ships witnessed one airburst test each which forced France to then change to underground testing. In May 1982 Prime Minister Rob Muldoon seconded
5700-401: The catalyst for passing the Bill. In 1844 a Select Committee of the House of Commons had recommended that a militia, composed of both settlers and native Maori , and a permanent native force be set up. On 25 March 1845, the Militia Ordinance was passed into law. Twenty-six officers were appointed in Auckland, thereby forming the start of New Zealand's own defence force. Major Richmond
5795-434: The college moved to Porirua), the camp was also home to the Royal New Zealand Police College . From 1941 to 1954 there were several railway sidings in the Camp used for freight and for troop trains, with a shunting locomotive owned by the Army. Most of the tracks were removed in the 1970s. The siding was 0.53 km from Trentham Railway Station and 0.63 km from Heretaunga Railway Station . A second siding ran back to
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#17328516209995890-431: The cost of maintaining the Imperial troops was becoming a greater financial burden on the colony. At the request of the governor in January 1865 a formal statement on the defence of the colony was presented on 20 March 1865. This proposed an armed constabulary force supported by friendly natives, volunteer units, and militia as the case may require be established to take the place of the Imperial troops. The proposed force
5985-414: The cost of replacing four ships, the force was downsized to two. However, there was considerable political debate at times during the mid-1990s about whether a third and fourth Anzac-class frigate should be procured. In the past three decades, the RNZN has operated in the Middle East a number of times. RNZN ships played a role in the Iran–Iraq War , aiding the Royal Navy in protecting neutral shipping in
6080-509: The dedicated hydrographic survey ship HMNZS Resolution this has lapsed and the Navy now focuses on military hydrography. Hydrospatial information is still provided to LINZ but on an ad-hoc basis. Since 2001, both Anzac -class frigates have participated in the United States' Operation Enduring Freedom in the Persian Gulf and have conducted maritime patrol operations in support of American and allied efforts in Afghanistan . The RNZN routinely deploys within its primary area of operations of
6175-426: The disputed Spratly Islands . In late September 2024, Defence Minister Judith Collins confirmed that the HMNZS Aotearoa had sailed through the disputed Taiwan Strait with the HMAS Sydney . In response, a spokesperson for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that China "handles foreign warships' transit through the Taiwan Strait in accordance with laws and regulations". On 29 September,
6270-401: The following year, with thought being given again to coastal defences. The Colonial Defence Force was disbanded in October 1867 by the Armed Constabulary Act 1867. Its members transferred to the Armed Constabulary. From 1863 to 1867 Forest Ranger volunteer units were formed, tasked with searching out Maori war parties, acting as scouts, and protecting lines of communication. They arose out of
6365-408: The force was known as the New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy . The cruiser Chatham along with the sloop Veronica arrived in 1920, Philomel was transferred to the Division in 1921, as was the sloop Torch , HMS Laburnum arrived in 1922 and then HMS Dunedin in 1924. HMS Diomede and the minesweeper HMS Wakakura arrived in 1926. Between World War I and World War II,
6460-425: The forerunners of the Territorials. Although there were informal volunteer units as early as 1845, the appropriate approval and regulation of the units did not occur until the Militia Act 1858 . Those who signed up for these units were exempt from militia duty, but had to be prepared to serve anywhere in New Zealand. One of the earliest gazetted units (13 January 1859) was the Taranaki Volunteer Rifle Company . To
6555-510: The frigate Canterbury to the Royal Navy for the duration of the Falklands War . Canterbury was deployed to the Armilla Patrol in the Persian Gulf , to relieve a British frigate for duty in the South Atlantic. Canterbury was herself relieved by Waikato in August. At the close of the Cold War the RNZN had an escort force of four frigates ( HMNZS Waikato (F55) , HMNZS Wellington (F69) , HMNZS Canterbury (F421) , and HMNZS Southland (F104) ). Due to
6650-431: The helicopters include: A number of non-commissioned auxiliary vessels are used for a number or littoral, support and training purposes. The RNZN operates a small number of autonomous underwater vehicles . The RNZN does not operate any ship-based unmanned aerial systems. However, according to a recent tender document, there exists some considerable scope for the acquisition of new systems. In its Statement of Intent,
6745-399: The late 18th century. The Royal Navy played a part in the New Zealand Wars : for example, a gunboat shelled fortified Māori pā from the Waikato River in order to defeat the Māori King Movement . In 1909 the New Zealand government decided to fund the purchase of the battlecruiser HMS New Zealand for the Royal Navy, which saw action throughout World War I in Europe. The passing of
6840-585: The light cruiser HMS Gambia was transferred to the RNZN as HMNZS Gambia . In November 1944, the British Pacific Fleet , a joint British Commonwealth military formation , was formed, based in Sydney, Australia . Most RNZN ships, including Gambia and Achilles , were transferred to the BPF. They took part in the Battle of Okinawa and operations in the Sakishima Islands , near Japan. In August 1945, HMNZS Gambia
6935-633: The main training platform. RNZAF primary flight training occurs in Beechcraft T-6 Texan IIs , before moving onto the Beechcraft King Air . Royal New Zealand Navy The Royal New Zealand Navy ( RNZN ; Māori : Te Taua Moana o Aotearoa , lit. 'Sea Warriors of New Zealand') is the maritime arm of the New Zealand Defence Force . The fleet currently consists of nine ships. The Navy had its origins in
7030-523: The navy's development and expansion back by a decade. Despite this impact, the size and scope of the events have been downplayed over time. RNZN ships participated in the Korean War . On 29 June, just four days after 135,000 North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel in Korea , the New Zealand government ordered two Loch-class frigates – Tutira and Pukaki to prepare to make for Korean waters, and for
7125-492: The need to prevent ambushes and random attacks on civilians near forest areas. The Rangers were well armed and more highly paid. These units used guerrilla style tactics, moving through areas under cover of darkness and ambushing war parties. The Forest Rangers were disbanded on 1 October 1867. Alongside the militia and the British Imperial forces were the Armed Constabulary. The Armed Constabulary were formed in 1846 with
7220-697: The new Governor George Grey to proclaim martial law and call out the Hutt Militia, in what became known as the Hutt Valley campaign . Following on from this the local paper noted that the No 1 Company of the Wellington Militia had been called out, while the troops stationed in the town had been in the Hutt. The paper further noted that Grey intended to maintain two companies of Militia in Wellington. As problems continued in
7315-617: The next 25 years. A new HQNZDF facility was opened by Prime Minister Helen Clark in March 2007. The new facility on Aitken St in the Wellington CBD replaced the premises on Stout St that had been the headquarters of NZDF for nearly 75 years. The Aitken St facility initially was home to around 900 employees of the NZDF, the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service (NZSIS) and the New Zealand Ministry of Defence ;
7410-462: The northern Pacific, pointed out that the sole naval defence consisted of one 24-gun frigate, and the time it would take for Britain to come to the colony's aid. British Imperial troops remained in New Zealand until February 1870, during the later stage of the New Zealand Wars, by which time settler units had replaced them. The Defence Act 1886 reclassified the militia as volunteers. These were
7505-556: The northern tip of the South Island in December 1642. Māori in war canoes attacked and killed four seamen from Abel Tasman 's party, who were at the time in low boats between the main ships. The New Zealand Navy did not exist as a separate military force until 1941. The association of the Royal Navy with New Zealand began with the arrival of James Cook in 1769, who completed two subsequent journeys to New Zealand in 1773 and 1777. Occasional visits by Royal Navy ships were made from
7600-554: The other clearance diving, and a logistics support group. Detachments from Matataua embarked on Manawanui when the ship was conducting survey and/or diving operations. Matataua was responsible for ensuring access to and the use of harbours, inshore waters and associated littoral zones through shallow water and coastal survey, mine-countermeasures and explosive ordnance disposal, beach survey and reconnaissance in support of amphibious operations, and underwater engineering. Matataua also provided underwater search and recovery support to
7695-607: The passage of the Armed Constabulary Ordinance. The Constabulary's role was both regular law enforcement and during the New Zealand Wars militia support. From 1867 to 1886 the Armed Constabulary were the only permanent force in New Zealand. In 1886 the militia functions of the Armed Constabulary were transferred to the New Zealand Permanent Militia by the Defence Act 1886. Lieutenant Colonel John Roberts
7790-585: The potential to affect New Zealand because of the large Pacific Island population. The stability of the South Pacific is considered in the interest of New Zealand. The navy has participated in peace-keeping and peace-making in East Timor , Bougainville and the Solomon Islands , supporting land-based operations. The 2002 Maritime Forces Review identified a number of roles that other government agencies required
7885-499: The separate administrative command and control of Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand. The operational forces of the three services are directed from Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand opposite Trentham Military Camp in Upper Hutt . HQ JFNZ was established at Trentham on 1 July 2001. From this building, a former NZ government computer centre that used to house the Army's Land Command,
7980-590: The series of battles fought around the Belgium town of Ypres during the First World War. During World War I over 30,000 New Zealand soldiers marched between military camps at Trentham, Upper Hutt and Featherston via the Rimutaka Hill Road, in a three-day trek of 27 miles (43.5 km), There were 23 marches of 500 to 1800 men between September 1915 and April 1918, at the end of their training as reinforcements for
8075-620: The shortwave and waited until the Admiralty notified the fleet that war had broken out before Cabinet approved the declaration of war (the official telegram from Britain was delayed and arrived just before midnight). HMS Achilles participated in the first major naval battle of World War II, the Battle of the River Plate off the River Plate estuary between Argentina and Uruguay , in December 1939. Achilles and two other cruisers, HMS Ajax and HMS Exeter , severely damaged
8170-710: The three services were part of the Ministry of Defence. Post-1990, the Ministry of Defence is a separate, policy-making body under a Secretary of Defence, equal in status to the Chief of Defence Force. In 2023, North & South and Radio New Zealand reported that the NZDF was experiencing a high attrition rate in the two-year period between 2021 and 2023 due to poor salaries and living conditions at military accommodation. According to North and South contributor Peter McKenzie, 77% of NZDF personnel were paid between 5% and 16% less than people in equivalent civilian jobs. By October 2022,
8265-769: The welfare of members. The Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) has 2,219 regular force and 611 reserve force sailors. The RNZN possess two Anzac class frigates , developed in conjunction with Australia, based on the German MEKO 200 design. Nine other vessels are in use, consisting of patrol vessels and logistics vessels. In 2010, the RNZN completed the acquisition of seven new vessels: one large multi-role vessel named HMNZS Canterbury , two offshore patrol vessels, and four inshore patrol vessels. All of these vessels were acquired under Project Protector , and were built to commercial, not naval, standards. The New Zealand Army has 4,519 regular force and 2,065 reserve force soldiers. The army
8360-524: The whole of the war, at least two NZ vessels would be on station in the theater. On 3 July these two first ships left Devonport Naval Base , Auckland and joined other Commonwealth forces at Sasebo , Japan, on 2 August. These vessels served under the command of a British flag officer (seemingly Flag Officer Second in Command Far East Fleet ) and formed part of the US Navy screening force during
8455-445: Was New Zealand's representative at the surrender of Japan . During April 1947 a series of non-violent mutinies occurred amongst the sailors and non-commissioned officers of four RNZN ships and two shore bases. Overall, up to 20% of the sailors in the RNZN were involved in the mutinies. The resulting manpower shortage forced the RNZN to remove the light cruiser Black Prince , one of their most powerful warships, from service and set
8550-645: Was appointed the commander of the Wellington Battalion of the militia. The newspaper article of the time notes that Wellington had a mounted Volunteer Corp. The Nelson Battalion of Militia was formed 12 August 1845. In June 1845, 75 members of the Auckland Militia under Lieutenant Figg became the first unit to support British Imperial troops in the Flagstaff War, serving as pioneers. Seven militia were wounded in action between 30 June and 1 July 1845. One,
8645-618: Was dependent on British Imperial troops deployed from Australia and other parts of the empire. By 1841 the settlers, particularly those in the New Zealand Company settlement of Wellington , were calling for local militia to be formed. In 1843 a local militia had been formed in Wellington without official sanction. This prompted the Chief Police Magistrate Major Matthew Richmond to order its immediate disbandment. Richmond also dispatched 53 soldiers from
8740-503: Was promoted to Commodore and appointed as Deputy Chief of Navy in December 2019, while in August 2019 Group Captain Carol Abraham was promoted to Air Commodore and appointed as Deputy Chief of Air Force . Another female officer, Colonel Helen Cooper, had previously held the post of Deputy Chief of Army though in an acting capacity without being promoted to the customary rank of Brigadier . In an unusual move, as of February 2020,
8835-559: Was the Permanent Militia's first commander from January 1887 to his retirement in 1888. The Defence Act 1909 replaced the Volunteer forces with a Territorial force and compulsory military training, a regime that remained until the late 1960s. Independent New Zealand armed forces developed in the early twentieth century; the Royal New Zealand Navy was the last to emerge as an independent service in 1941. Prior to that time it had been
8930-604: Was the greatest disaster in New Zealand Military history. Salonica Barracks are named after Salonica (modern Thessalonika ), in North Eastern Greece which was the base of the 1st New Zealand Stationary Hospital during the Gallipoli Campaign. Sinai Barracks are named after the campaign in which he New Zealand Mounted Brigade fought against Turkey during the First World War. Ypres Barracks commemorates
9025-452: Was to consist of 1,350 Europeans and 150 Maori – 1,500 in total. They were to be divided into 30 companies of 50 men each based as follows: The total Defence budget, which included purchasing a steamer for use on the Waikato, Patea, and Wanganui rivers, was 187,000 pounds per annum. The budget's focus was solely on internal conflict. The issue of external conflict did not begin to resurface until
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