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76-589: At any given time the aircraft on display will vary. The NAMC YS-11 and the Curtiss EC-46 Commando are on permanent display in the park, but the collection visible in the museum itself changes. The collection is as follows: In 2013, an airworthy Zero fighter from World War II was exhibited at the museum, on loan from the Planes of Fame Air Museum in California. In 2016 a replica Nakajima Ki-27 Nate made for

152-448: A Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS); any aircraft lacking TCAS were forced to cease operations at the end of 2006. Reportedly, equipping a YS-11 with TCAS had been estimated as costing around ¥ 100 million (about US$ 1 million), such a refit was deemed economically unsound. Those aircraft that remained in a flight-worthy condition were typically sold to foreign companies. On 30 September 2006, Japan Air Commuter Flight 3806 marked

228-498: A cargo spaceship contractor. On 1 April 2008, MHI established Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation as a subsidiary to develop and produce the MRJ or Mitsubishi Regional Jet , a 70 to 90 passenger regional airliner. MHI is the majority shareholder of the new company, with Toyota Motor Corporation owning 10%. On December 12, 2012, MHI acquired Pratt & Whitney Power Systems , the small gas turbine business of United Technologies . In

304-625: A "vital national interest" at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10% and some voters are turning towards the conservative party. GE's proposal ultimately prevailed. MHI had entered the high-speed train business in 1995, with the manufacture of the MLX01 SCMaglev car , a business it exited in 2017 after struggling with the development costs of the Mitsubishi SpaceJet , and disagreements with Central Japan Railway Company over

380-437: A batch of ten YS-11A-200s along with an option for an additional ten aircraft for $ 22.5 million. The company was so impressed by its performance, it both exercised the option for ten aircraft and purchased an additional YS-11, operating a combined fleet of 21 YS-11s by mid-1970. Piedmont would be the type's largest international operator; ultimately, no other airline would place another order of this scale. Commercial sales of

456-556: A blind eye to Korean victims. On November 28, 2018, MHI was ordered by the South Korea Supreme Court to pay 150m won ($ 133,000; £104,000) in compensation to 10 surviving Koreans who were victims of forced labor which the company oversaw during the Japanese occupation of Korea . Eighteen family members of other victims of the forced labour overseen by MHI, who had previously sued sometime before 2008, were now able to receive

532-680: A commercial context, there was an early recognition of the value for multiple branches of the Japanese Defense Agency (JDA) to be readily able to adopt the type as well; as a philosophy, this not only extended to the prospective airliner itself, but the various technologies involved in its development and manufacture. In response to this encouragement, during 1957, a joint venture between Mitsubishi Heavy Industries , Kawasaki Heavy Industries , Fuji Heavy Industries , Shin Meiwa , Showa Aircraft Industry Company and Japan Aircraft Industry Company

608-560: A deal expected to close in the first half of 2020, subject to regulatory approval. MHI will benefit from Bombardier's global expertise in areas ranging from engineering and certification to customer relations and support, boosting its SpaceJet (formerly MRJ) programme, and potentially enabling the SpaceJet to be produced in North America. The deal includes two service centres in Canada and two in

684-450: A disadvantage against the salesmen of rival airframers. This failure to address a crucial factor in acquiring new customers has been attributed as a major contributing cause of the programme's poor commercial reception. The end of the YS-11 programme was precipitated by the 1971 Smithsonian Agreement , which led to an appreciation in the value of the Japanese yen and the resulting impact upon

760-487: A joint-venture named MHI Vestas Offshore Wind to develop offshore wind energy based on Vestas' V164 8.0MW turbine. In 2020, MHI acquired 2.5% of Vestas by transferring its 50% of MHI Vestas to Vestas, and receiving 5 million new Vestas shares. MHI's products include: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries apologized and compensated victims of Chinese forced labor by Japan during World War II in 2015. Yonhap News Agency criticized Mitsubishi for rescuing Chinese victims while turning

836-560: A loss in FY 2020 partly because of the continuous delays of the first delivery of the SpaceJet. At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic that crippled the aviation industry, MHI decided to put a halt to the project. In 2010, MHI commenced production of the Type 10 advanced main battle tank, at a cost of $ 11.3 million per unit, to replace the Type 90 tank . The nuclear business of MHI operates facilities in

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912-536: A new variant which possessed a higher gross weight. During 1966, a lease agreement was signed between NAMC and Hawaiian Air Lines , a move which was hailed as the "first step" in the programme's new America-focused campaign. While a number of aircraft would be sold internationally, these were often at a loss as the sales price had been set so low, deliberately as to undercut competing airliners, but paid little heed to production costs; this deficit led to losses mounting more rapidly than anticipated. A major customer for

988-453: A reduction in sales price or delayed payments by airlines had to be reviewed by governmental organizations like the Ministry of Finance or the Ministry of International Trade and Industry . It was said that there were many instances of contracts that could not be concluded due to the absence of the various ministry's approval. By 1994, 112 YS-11s remained in service; the lengthy service life of

1064-581: A tailspin during the flight test, and were the direct cause of a crash. This was known as the “three rudder problem.” In one prestigious early flight of the type, All Nippon Airways used a YS-11 to carry the Olympic torch in the run-up to the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. It received its Japanese Type certificate on 25 August 1964, while American Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification followed on 9 September 1965. Prior to applying for certification,

1140-578: A withdrawal from LNG carrier construction, started to negotiate with Oshima Shipbuilding to divest its historic shipyard located in Koyagi, Nagasaki. On 24 December 2019, Mitsubishi Shipbuilding delivered its first fuel gas supply system for a marine LNG engine . In June 2020, MHI entered talks with Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding to acquire the latter's naval and patrol ship business. The deal would strengthen MHI's defense sector, effectively consolidating Japan's defense industry as well. The deal

1216-680: Is a Japanese multinational engineering , electrical equipment and electronics corporation headquartered in Tokyo , Japan. MHI is one of the core companies of the Mitsubishi Group and its automobile division is the predecessor of Mitsubishi Motors . MHI's products include aerospace and automotive components, air conditioners , elevators , forklift trucks , hydraulic equipment , printing machines , missiles , tanks , power systems , ships , aircraft , railway systems , and space launch vehicles . Through its defense-related activities, it

1292-585: Is expected to be reached by the end of 2020, with the parties closing the transaction by October 2021, if approved by regulators. On January 17, 2022, the first successful sea voyage of an unmanned, fully autonomous vessel was successfully carried out by the Soleil , built by MHI. The demonstration, conducted in cooperation of Shin Nihonkai Ferry , sailed 240 kilometres, from Shinmoji in Northern Kyushu , to

1368-641: Is the world's 23rd-largest defense contractor measured by 2011 defense revenues and the largest based in Japan. In 1857, at the request of the Tokugawa Shogunate , a group of Dutch engineers were invited, including Dutch naval engineer Hendrik Hardes, and began work on the Nagasaki Yotetsusho ( 長崎鎔鉄所 ), a modern, Western-style foundry and shipyard near the Dutch settlement of Dejima , at Nagasaki . This

1444-654: The Japan Air Self-Defense Force and anti-submarine helicopters for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force , as well as aero-engines, missiles and torpedoes. It produced North American F-86 Sabre , Lockheed F-104 Starfighter and McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighters. It manufactured 139 Mitsubishi F-15J fighter aircraft from 1981 and produced 200 Sikorsky S-70 family Mitsubishi H-60 helicopters from 1989, in both cases under license production. The company also plays an important role in

1520-636: The Nagasaki Shipyard & Machinery Works ( 長崎造船機械工 ) and entered the shipbuilding business on a large scale. Iwasaki purchased the shipyards outright in 1887. In 1891, "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries - Yokohama Machinery Works" was started as Yokohama Dock Company, Ltd . Its main business was ship repairs, to which it added ship servicing by 1897. The works was renamed Mitsubishi Shipyard of Mitsubishi Goshi Kaisha in 1893 and additional dry docks were completed in 1896 and 1905. The "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries - Shimonoseki Shipyard & Machinery Works"

1596-525: The Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation (NAMC), a Japanese consortium. It was the only post-war airliner to be wholly designed and manufactured in Japan until the development of the Mitsubishi SpaceJet during the 2010s, roughly 50 years later. Development of the YS-11 can be largely attributed to Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), which had encouraged Japanese aircraft companies to collaborate on

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1672-654: The Occupation of Japan ended, which meant that the ban on using zaibatsu names was lifted. Accordingly, all three companies changed names again on 7 May 1952: West Japan Heavy Industries (the Nagasaki Shipyard) was renamed Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. , Central Japan Heavy Industries, Ltd. was renamed Shin-Mitsubishi Jukogyo K.K. (also trading as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Reorganized, Ltd. ; shin meaning "New"), while East Japan Heavy-Industries became Mitsubishi Nippon Heavy Industries. In 1964,

1748-533: The YS-11 . Amongst the design team was Jiro Horikoshi , who had previously been the designer of the famed wartime Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighter. Another prominent engineer on the project was Teruo Tojo, the second son of Prime Minister Hideki Tojo , who later became chairman of Mitsubishi Motors . The twin-engined YS-11 was projected as delivering similar operational performance to the four-engined British-built Vickers Viscount , while possessing 50% greater capacity than

1824-802: The Yamato-class battleship , Musashi, of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II . MHI has shipbuilding facilities in Nagasaki , Kobe and Shimonoseki , Japan. Nagasaki Shipyard & Machinery Works ( 三菱重工長崎造船所 , Mitsubishi Juko Nagasaki Zosenjo ) is the primary shipbuilding division of MHI. It primarily produces specialized commercial vessels, including LNG carriers , and passenger cruise ships . On 1 December 2017, MHI announced that it will launch two new wholly owned companies on 1 January 2018 in conjunction with reorganization of its shipbuilding business: In late 2019, MHI, exploring

1900-480: The atomic bombing of Hiroshima three days earlier, dealt a devastating blow to the Japanese leadership, contributing to the surrender of Japan six days later. The Kobe Shipyard of Mitsubishi Goshi Kaisha was established in 1905. The Kobe Shipyard merged with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 1934. The Kobe Shipyard constructed the ocean liner Argentina Maru (later repurposed as the aircraft carrier Kaiyo ), and

1976-535: The 1950s the company began to re-enter the aerospace industry in earnest. Along with other major Japanese companies it was involved in design and production of the NAMC YS-11 , the first Japanese airliner to enter production after World War II. In 1956 work started on the design of the Mitsubishi MU-2 , which became the company's first postwar aircraft design. In the defense sector, MHI has produced jet fighters for

2052-478: The 2015 Asahi TV drama "Tsuma to Tonda Tokkouhei" was displayed at the museum. The museum is located near Kōkū-kōen Station on the Seibu Shinjuku Line , approximately 30 to 45 minutes from central Tokyo. 35°47′56″N 139°28′18″E  /  35.79889°N 139.47167°E  / 35.79889; 139.47167 NAMC YS-11 The NAMC YS-11 is a turboprop airliner designed and built by

2128-607: The FAA had been involved in the programme at NAMC's invitation, performing informal project reviews so that defects could be identified and eliminated early on. During the late 1960s, a lack of significant international sales led to the programme incurring persistent losses, the outstanding debt eventually growing to $ 600 million. Due to the organisation of the programme, the aircraft manufacturers themselves did not have any of this debt apportioned to themselves, NAMC being held solely responsible; Mercado criticised this approach as it meant there

2204-653: The Iyonada Sea , over seven hours, with a maximum speed of 26 knots. In the LIMA 2023 convention, MHI unveiled the Multi-Role Support Ship concept for visitors. MHI has installed more 3,282 MW worldwide until December 2009, mainly turbines with 1 and 2.4 MW. The company is developing 7-MW-turbines for offshore wind power . Tests are planned for 2013 in Europe. On September 27, 2013, MHI and Vestas Wind Systems announced

2280-551: The Japan Air Self-Defense Force retired the YS-11 after 57 years of service. In railroad journals, YS-11 was linked to the 0 Series Shinkansen , another Japanese-made form of transportation that debuted around the time of the 1964 Olympics. Additionally, the Shinkansen and the YS-11 were both developed by individuals who were involved with the creation of military aircraft (this was to be expected with an airplane like

2356-595: The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) identified a requirement for a short-haul airliner to replace Douglas DC-3s flying on Japan's domestic routes, and encouraged companies in Japan's aircraft industry to collaborate to develop and produce a domestic airliner to meet this need. Towards this purpose, in May 1957, the Commercial Transport Design Research Association

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2432-688: The Japanese Ballistic Missile Defense System program. In the space systems sector, MHI is the producer of the H-IIA and H-IIB launch vehicles, Japan's main rockets, and provides launch services for national institutions and companies around the world. The clients include JAXA , KARI , Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre , and Inmarsat . The company is also involved in the International Space Station program as

2508-460: The Japanese commuter airlines for which the aircraft had been designed. Initial attempts were made to market the airliner towards various countries across Southeast Asia ; at one point, the Japanese government was allegedly encouraging such sales as a form of war reparations . Seeking to make the aircraft more attractive to the highly active North American market, NAMC decided to develop the YS-11A ,

2584-531: The US, as well as the type certificates for the CRJ. Bombardier will retain its assembly facility at Mirabel , near Montreal , Canada, and will continue to produce the CRJ on behalf of MHI until the current order backlog is complete. In early May 2020, MHI confirmed that all conditions had been met and that the transaction would be closed on 1 June. The acquired aviation unit was then renamed MHI RJ Aviation Group. MHI recorded

2660-1062: The United States–based airline Trans States Holdings . MHI entered talks with Hitachi in August 2011 about a potential merger of the two companies, in what would have been the largest merger between two Japanese companies in history. The talks subsequently broke down and were suspended. In November 2012, MHI and Hitachi agreed to merge their thermal power generation businesses into a joint venture to be owned 65% by MHI and 35% by Hitachi. The joint venture began operations in February 2014 and ended in 2020, as Hitachi transferred its shares to MHI. In June 2014 Siemens and MHI announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for Alstom 's troubled energy and transportation businesses (in locomotives, steam turbines, and aircraft engines). A rival bid by General Electric (GE) has been criticized by French government sources, who consider Alstom's operations as

2736-401: The YS-11 began to stall without a stable structure in place for sales. Especially outside of Japan, the YS-11 was forced to compete with other country's models with long-term low deferred interest payments. Nor was it rare for NAMC to have to sell the YS-11 at a discount, as this was Japan's first commercial airliner since the end of World War II, and had no proven track record. Additionally, it

2812-569: The YS-11 comes from a combination of the first letter sounds of the two Japanese words yusō (transport) and sekkei (design), which refer to the Association for Research on Transport Aircraft Design (Yusōki sekkei kenkyū kyōkai). Meanwhile, the first “1” of the “11” refers to the various engine candidates considered for the YS-11; the Rolls-Royce Dart RDa.10/1 , which was the engine selected, had been designated “number 1.” The second “1” refers to

2888-562: The YS-11 was the American operator Piedmont Airlines , who had been seeking the optimal modern airliner to serve their existing routes, which mostly comprised a number of small, mountainous airports. After evaluating numerous aircraft around the world, the company determined that the Japanese airliner was the most suitable; according to Piedmont's president, Thomas H Davis: "The YS‐11 was the only one we could find which would do it on an economical basis". During October 1967, Piedmont Airlines ordered

2964-405: The YS-11's initial years of availability, this limited market soon became saturated, leading to a slump in demand. Production of the type came to an end in 1974 as a result of efforts to increase sales to international clients, including the creation of the better YS-11A variation. In the end, the YS-11 had shown that Japan was capable of building an airliner, but NAMC had racked up a huge debt, and

3040-1727: The YS-11, but men like Migi Tadanao and Matsudaira Tadashi were also involved with the Shinkansen). Former and present operators of the NAMC YS-11 include: [REDACTED]   Argentina [REDACTED]   Aruba [REDACTED]   Brazil [REDACTED]   Brunei [REDACTED]   Canada [REDACTED]   Democratic Republic of the Congo [REDACTED]   Egypt [REDACTED]   Gabon [REDACTED]   Gambia [REDACTED]   Greece [REDACTED]   Indonesia [REDACTED]   Ivory Coast [REDACTED]   Japan [REDACTED]   Mexico [REDACTED]   Peru [REDACTED]   Philippines [REDACTED]   South Korea [REDACTED]   Taiwan [REDACTED]   Tanzania [REDACTED]   Trinidad and Tobago [REDACTED]   Thailand [REDACTED]   United Arab Emirates [REDACTED]   United States JSDF delivery breakdown: JASDF 2 YS-11EA for Electronic Warfare 4 YS-11EB for ELINT 3 YS-11FC for Flight Checker 1 YS-11NT for Navigation Trainer 3 YS-11P for Passenger/VIP Transport JMSDF 2 YS-11M for Freighter 2 YS-11M-A for Freighter 6 YS-11T-A for MPA trainer There have been over twenty hull loss accidents involving YS-11 aircraft. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. ( 三菱重工業株式会社 , Mitsubishi Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-kaisha , MHI )

3116-612: The Yokohama Dock Company in 1935. From its inception, the Mitsubishi Nagasaki shipyards were heavily involved in contracts for the Imperial Japanese Navy . The largest battleship Musashi was completed at Nagasaki in 1942. These connections made Nagasaki a target for strategic bombing during World War II by the Allied air forces , which later dropped an atomic bomb on the city on August 9, 1945. This attack, following

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3192-517: The aircraft specification plan selected for the YS-11, which had been one among many plans that differed by wing placement and size. There had also been a “plan 0” at one point. A catchphrase developed around the public reveal of the YS-11 mockup, which was “Let’s meet on the 11th at Sugita in Yokohama.” Here, Yokohama represented the “Y,” the Sugita neighborhood stood for the “S,” and the 11th referred both to

3268-674: The cities of Kobe and Takasago in Hyogo Prefecture and in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture. It also operates a nuclear fuel manufacturing plant in Tōkai, Ibaraki which processes 440 metric tons of Uranium per year. MHI has also developed the Mitsubishi APWR design. MHI has also signed a memorandum of understanding with Areva for the establishment of a joint venture, Atmea , for their next reactor design ATMEA1. MHI has also been selected as

3344-464: The civil aircraft sector, MHI develops and manufactures major airframe components, including fuselage panels for the Boeing 777 and composite-material wing boxes for the 787 . In June 2014, the company joined four other major Japanese companies in signing an agreement to build parts for Boeing's 777X aircraft . On 25 June 2019, MHI announced the acquisition of Bombardier Aviation 's CRJ programme, in

3420-515: The company began to spread a culture of bureaucracy, making necessary drastic management reforms impossible and further increasing the program's deficit. In particular, there was deficit in sales activities outside of Japan that were a result of fundamental problems in NAMC's administrative activities in the United States, as indicated by the Japanese government Board of Audit ; this is to say nothing of

3496-477: The compensation as well by the decision. All twenty-eight plaintiffs had previously filed a lawsuit in Japan, but had their lawsuit dismissed by the Supreme Court of Japan in 2008. The Japanese government has officially disputed the lawsuit and defined the verdict as "a breach of the international law", citing the 1965 agreement which was made by the two nations to establish diplomatic relations , since all of

3572-413: The core company to develop a new generation of Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR) by the Japanese government. After that announcement was made, MHI established a new company, Mitsubishi FBR Systems , Inc. (MFBR) specifically for the development and realization of FBR technology, starting what is likely to be the most aggressive corporate venture into FBR and Generation IV reactor technology. As of 2015, MHI

3648-413: The crude oil and gas sectors as of 2015. Following financial difficulties at Areva , MHI announced in 2015 it would make a proposal to take a minority ownership stake in a new entity called inheriting Areva's nuclear reactor business and acquired a 19% stake in the entity in 2017. In 2018, the entity has been named Framatome . In 2020, MHI eventually acquired Hitachi's gas turbine business unit after

3724-453: The development of a short-haul airliner as early as 1954. In 1959, NAMC was formed to design and produce an aircraft to satisfy MITI's requirements, dubbed the YS-11. On 30 August 1962, the first prototype performed its maiden flight . Deliveries commenced on 30 March 1965, and commercial operations began the following month. The majority of orders for the type were issued from various Japanese airlines. While sales to such customers were swift in

3800-709: The final flight of a YS-11 within Japan's commercial aviation industry. In 2007, the YS-11 was added to the Mechanical Engineering Heritage of Japan as item number 13. As of 2014 , fifteen were operated by the Japanese military, and two in Mexico. As of 2017 , only eight remained in service with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force , which were being used for flight checks and other ancillary purposes. As of August 2020 , two aircraft remain in commercial service in South America and Africa. As of March 2021 ,

3876-467: The lack of available domestic technology at the time, several of the key aircraft systems, such as cabin pressurization , were copied from foreign sources; such information was gleaned from a combination of Japanese airlines, trading companies and diplomats. Throughout the YS-11's production lifetime, its electronic equipment, avionics, mechanical and fuselage components were supplied by a combination of Japanese companies and foreign suppliers. The “YS” of

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3952-485: The managing director of NAMC resigned. NAMC had no experience of selling passenger planes, and so it concluded a contract with Charlotte Aircraft without conducting an investigation into the company's trustworthiness or business practices, nor without creating a clause in the event Charlotte Aircraft refused to conduct sales. When the contract with Charlotte Aircraft was terminated, NAMC was forced to pay 23,000,000 yen and turn over used aircraft. In addition, any requests for

4028-529: The manufacturing costs of the SCMaglev cars. In February 2021, MHI sold its machine tools business MHI Machine Tool Co. to Nidec . In June 2024, MHI announced it will cease newspaper rotary printing press production due to declining demand. At the time the company held a 50% share of the Japanese rotary press market. MHI has aerospace facilities in Nagoya , Aichi , Komaki, Aichi and Mississauga, Canada . In

4104-515: The nation's economy. By this point, it was clear that there was little chance that the YS-11 could ever come close to breaking even . These myriad factors contributed to the decision for production to be terminated after the completion of 182 aircraft. On 11 May 1973, the last YS-11 was delivered to the Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF). On 23 October 1964, the first production YS-11 conducted its first flight; it

4180-465: The plane and to the date of the public reveal (December 11, 1958). Because of this, it became common to read the “11” in “YS-11” as “eleven” (jūichi in Japanese). For those involved in designing the plane, meanwhile, the designation had originally been pronounced “YS-one-one” (or YS ichi ichi). On 30 August 1962, the first prototype performed its maiden flight from Nagoya Airport ; it was soon followed by

4256-475: The programme's operational mindset was closer to that of a military project than a commercial one, while a preoccupation with government-issued performance criteria obstructed considerations towards the actual desires of the commercial operators, such as operating costs and cabin configuration, that the YS-11 was marketed towards. As this was Japan's first, and for a long time only, post-war airliner, NAMC lacked any staff with experience in marketing towards airlines,

4332-451: The promised activities, and when a sales agreement with Piedmont Airlines was concluded with Mitsui , Charlotte Aircraft demanded damages under their status as exclusive dealer, and Piedmont Airlines and Cruzeiro do Sul handed over 33 used aircraft traded in for YS-11 to Charlotte Aircraft; Japan's Board of Audit complained these actions were unfair. This event became a problem in the Diet , and

4408-402: The remaining shares were small stakes belonging to various banks, insurance companies, and stock firms who chose to invest in the programme. However, NAMC was essentially a "paper company", being reliant upon both personnel and infrastructure provided by its constituent manufacturers. NAMC designed a low-winged twin- turboprop -engined monoplane , capable of seating up to 60 passengers, dubbed

4484-429: The second prototype, flying on 28 December 1962. Early flight testing revealed several issues to troubleshoot, including poor steering, excessive vibration and noise. There was also an acute lack of safety during sideways maneuvers; the wake of the propeller produced abnormal forces that inclined the aircraft to the right; all of the rudders were ineffective; and the maneuverability was worst of all. These problems produced

4560-588: The similarly configured Dutch-built Fokker F27 Friendship . MITI supervised the pricing of the aircraft in order to ensure that it was competitive with the American-built Martin 4-0-4 . Although the tentative aircraft was mainly designed and manufactured in Japan, the engine selected to power the airliner was the 2,275 kW (3,050 ehp) Rolls-Royce Dart RDa.10/1 powerplant, which was both developed and produced by British-based company Rolls-Royce . Furthermore, according to author Stephen C Mercado, due to

4636-568: The submarines the I-19 and I-25 . Following the dissolution of the zaibatsu after the surrender of Japan at the end of World War II , Mitsubishi divided into three companies in January 1950: Mitsubishi Nagasaki became West Japan Heavy Industries, Ltd , the Kobe Shipyard became Central Japan Heavy-Industries, Ltd. , and the Yokohama branch became East Japan Heavy-Industries, Ltd. On 28 April 1952

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4712-449: The three independent companies from the 1950 break-up were merged into Shin-Mitsubishi Jukogyo and became Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. The Nagasaki works was renamed the Nagasaki Shipyard & Engine Works . The Kobe works was renamed the 'Mitsubishi Heavy Industries - Kobe Shipyard & Machinery Works'. In 1970, MHI's automobile parts department became an independent company as Mitsubishi Motors . In 1974, its Tokyo headquarters

4788-482: The two companies had merged their businesses to form a joint venture. Shipbuilding has been a core and historical founding activity for MHI. It was formally started in 1884 when Mitsubishi leased and then acquired the 'Nagasaki Shipyard & Machinery Works' company (founded in 1857 as 'Nagasaki Yotetsusho Foundry' ). Subsequently, Mitsubishi progressively became one of the major Japanese shipbuilding companies, building both commercial as well as military ships, including

4864-415: The type is generally regarded as a commercial failure. Large numbers of the type continued to be in service until 2006, at which point tighter Japanese aircraft regulations imposed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism necessitated either the withdrawal or refitting of all YS-11s. By 2018, only a single example reportedly remained in commercial service. During the mid-to-late 1950s,

4940-432: The type, despite the short manufacturing lifespan, has been hailed by some officials as evidence of the type being successful in some respect. The YS-11 was slowly phased out by Japanese airlines up until the early 2000s, at which point the withdrawal rate spiked in response to new directives issued by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism that required all commercial aircraft in Japan to be fitted with

5016-680: The unforeseen loss due to a less favorable currency exchange that resulted after the American government switched to a floating exchange rate in 1971. When Jenks Caldwell of Charlotte Aircraft Corporation , a sales dealer of used aircraft and aviation parts headquartered in North Carolina , expressed a strong desire to become a sales agent in the United States through a modification of YS-11A, NAMC signed an exclusive agency contract with his company to manage sales for North America, Latin America and Spain. However, Charlotte Aircraft did not actually carry out

5092-410: Was also said that there was mismanagement of the program's cost management, as initial estimates had neglected to include the cost advertising or company administration. Moreover, because multiple companies were involved with the aircraft manufacturing, it was unclear who held ultimate responsibility, nor could the price of delivered parts be reduced. An increase in former government employees appointed to

5168-543: Was carried out 4 years after a product recall scandal in Japan that was triggered by accusations of Mitsubishi Motors allegedly trying to systematically hide manufacturing defects to avoid recalls, and marketing problems in the US. In 1994, MHI opened the Mitsubishi Minatomirai Industrial Museum in Yokohama which is mainly a museum for kids to experience science and technology. In October 2009, MHI announced an order for up to 100 regional jets from

5244-405: Was delivered to its customer on 30 March 1965. During April 1965, initial airline operations commenced with launch customer Toa Airways . By 1968, the YS-11 programme accounted for about half of all aircraft production taking place in Japan that year. Early deliveries were mainly made to Japanese airlines, but orders for the type slowed drastically after the satisfaction of the outstanding needs of

5320-556: Was developing a $ 15.8 billion nuclear power plant in Sinop, Turkey in partnership with Itochu and Engie , which would be its first overseas nuclear project. The deal has been officially scrapped in January 2020, after the feasibility of the project was doubted. MHI unsuccessfully attempted to acquire the energy business of Alstom in 2014 in order to develop its service network in Southeast Asia. MHI remains interested in acquisitions in

5396-431: Was established and the availability of government subsidies guaranteed. From the government's viewpoint, the development of such an airliner was viewed as a key initiative towards the post-war revival of the nation's aircraft companies, which came in addition to the serious ambition to become a major international competitor in the global airliner business. Furthermore, while this requirement had been conceived primarily in

5472-497: Was established for the purpose of developing and manufacturing the envisioned airliner. Two years later, this partnership was formalised as the Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC). The ownership of NAMC was initially divided between the Japanese government, which held 54% of the shares, while the constituent aircraft manufacturers held an 18% stake and several components/materials suppliers owned 11%;

5548-405: Was established in 1914. It produced industrial machinery and merchant ships. The Nagasaki company was renamed Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Engineering Company, Ltd. in 1917 and again renamed as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 1934. It became the largest private firm in Japan, active in the manufacture of ships, heavy machinery, airplanes and railway cars. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries merged with

5624-495: Was no incentive for the individual companies to make cost savings while simultaneously guarantee profit to them on every plane produced. Furthermore, it had been alleged that some participants saw the YS-11 as only a training programme to develop their employees' skills, rather than a serious commercial initiative; some participants chose to rotate large numbers of staff in and out of the project for brief periods before re-tasking them to work on internal projects. Mercado claims that

5700-541: Was renamed Nagasaki Seitetsusho ( 長崎製鉄所 ) Nagasaki Iron (Steel) Foundry in 1860, and construction was completed in 1861. Following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the shipyard was placed under control of the new Government of Meiji Japan . The first dry dock was completed in 1879. In 1884, Yataro Iwasaki , the founder of Mitsubishi, leased the Nagasaki Seitetsusho from the Japanese government, renamed it

5776-419: Was targeted in a bombing that killed eight people . MHI participated in a ¥540 billion emergency rescue of Mitsubishi Motors in January 2005, in partnership with Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group . As part of the rescue, MHI acquired ¥50 billion of Mitsubishi Motors stock, increasing its ownership stake to 15 percent and making the automaker an affiliate again. The emergency rescue

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