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42-501: It was accredited under Japan's old educational system in 1946 and under the new system in 1950. In 2008, Tokai University, Kyushu Tokai University, and Hokkaido Tokai University were consolidated and reorganized into Tokai University. Its Chinese character name is the same as Tunghai University in Taiwan . The Bosei Seminar 望星学塾 ( Bōsei gakujuku ) was founded at Musashino to realize Dr. Shigeyoshi Matsumae 's concept of education to

84-421: A French race driver who ran hillclimbs before founding the company. Following the purchase of Courage by Oreca in 2007, Yves Courage has refounded the company as Courage Technology in 2010, attempting to develop electric racing cars. Yves Courage (born on April 27, 1948) began his racing career in 1972, racing in various hillclimbs throughout the 1970s. By 1980, he had won over 80 hillclimb races, including

126-483: A national institute lead 1,361 joint ventures, Waseda University lead 683 as the top private institute against 278 by Tokai University ranking at the 15th place, whereas Tokai University was commissioned 211 projects (12th) while Tokyo University attracted 818 at the top. A student team at Tōkai University fielded a car for the Le Mans 24 Hours race in 2008 . This was the first time that a university team attempted to enter

168-562: A new Indian Le Mans Project, with the intention to bring Indian drivers to Le Mans and the Le Mans Series in association with the factory squad. This project never came to fruition. Pescarolo, forced to change their cars in order to conform to 2007 rules, continued to use their modified bodywork from the old C60, but changed the chassis as well. Thus their new cars, dubbed the Pescarolo 01, no longer bear any relation to Courage chassis, although

210-601: A two car effort in the Le Mans Series , with major backing from Yokohama Rubber Company and Mugen Motorsports . Mugen would replace Courage's Judd V10s with their own V8s in exchange for a new Courage chassis to be run by Mugen in the Japan Le Mans Challenge . At the same time, Courage officially replaced the aged C60 with the new LC70 LMP1. A fourth LC70 would be sold to the Swiss Spirit team, also campaigned in

252-613: Is a member of the Tokyo 12 Universities, a joint public relations body for those headquartered in Tokyo, formed in 1964. It consists of Aoyama Gakuin University , Chuo University , Hosei University , Keio University , Kokugakuin University , Meiji University , Nihon University , Rikkyo University , Senshu University , Sophia University , and Waseda University . The Research and Promotion Division administers Technical Collaborative Management Office to promote aggressive research activities by

294-585: Is called an ' accreditation body '. The International Accreditation Forum (IAF) and International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) provide international recognitions to accreditation bodies. There are many internationally recognized accreditation bodies approved by the IAF and ILAC. The Emirates International Accreditation Centre (EIAC) is the largest accreditation body in the Middle East, whereas in South Asia

336-642: The Aerial Science College 航空科学専門学校 ( Kōkū Kagaku Semmongakkō ) (8 April 1943 – 15 August 1945), an antecedent of Tokai University in Miho, Shizuoka , Japan. Foundation for National Defense Science and Technology Institute was renamed to Tokai Gakuen Foundation 財団法人東海学園 ( Zaidanhōjin Tōkaigakuen ) (15 August 1945 – May 1, 1946) under Kyūsei daigaku system, and merged three educational establishments into Tokai College (15 August 1945 - 20 October 1945) which

378-568: The Intercontinental Le Mans Cup . The Tokai Challenger is a solar car . The Tokai Challenger has become the winner of the 2009 World Solar Challenge , a race for solar cars across Australia. The car was designed and tested in collaboration with students from Tokai University and several Japanese companies in the automotive industry. The Tokai Challenger covered the 3,021 kilometers off in 29 hours 49 minutes and it took an average speed of 100.54 kilometers per hour. The university

420-829: The Pakistan National Accreditation Council (PNAC) and National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), Quality Council of India (QCI) are the largest. In East Asia, the China National Accreditation Board is the largest, while the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) is the largest in Europe. The National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) and the Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand (JAS-ANZ) being

462-523: The 2004 season, where both Pescarolo and Courage began competition in the new Le Mans Endurance Series . Courage's own C65 would take the LMP2 teams championship in the first season, although the team failed to finish at Le Mans. Pescarolo's own cars would take a 4th place overall at Le Mans, behind the dominating Audis . Also at this time, Courage began to supply customer chassis to teams, with Paul Belmondo and Epsilon Sport of France and Miracle Motorsports of

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504-561: The C1 class and finish 7th overall at Le Mans, followed up with 11th place in 1991. Due to rule changes in sportscar racing, Courage was shuffled to the C2 class (cars complying with the older rules) for Le Mans in 1991 and C3 (a class for Porsche-powered cars) in 1992, and no longer able to run in the diminishing World Sportscar Championship due to their continued usage of the Porsche turbocharged Flat-6, which

546-571: The Ford Cosworths. To better fit the Porsche turbocharged flat-6 engine, Courage debuted the Cougar C12 chassis. The team saw immediate success with this combination as they finished 20th in 1985, followed by 18th in 1986. All of this built up to the team's greatest achievement so far in 1987, as they managed to finish 3rd overall, behind only the factory Porsche 962 and their own team's 962 . During

588-561: The ISO as specified in ISO/IEC 17011 . Accredited entities in specific sectors must provide evidence to the accreditation body that they conform to other standards in the same series: Courage Comp%C3%A9tition Courage Compétition was a racing team and chassis constructor company now owned by Oreca , based in Le Mans , France , near the Circuit de la Sarthe . It was founded by Yves Courage,

630-648: The LC75 LMP2 chassis to replace the C65. Acura officially bought three for the American Le Mans Series , although they have extensively modified the bodywork and the cars have been re- homologated as the Acura ARX-01a . Other former C65 teams in the Le Mans Series also changed to the newer LC75. Courage ended their collaboration with Mugen Motorsports and utilized AER power in the factory cars. Courage announced

672-514: The Le Mans Series team's championship in the hands of the Barazi-Epsilon squad. In the American Le Mans Series , Mazda 's official factory effort used a C65 to finish 3rd place in their teams championship. At the 24 Hours of Le Mans, Pescarolo's C60s would take 2nd and 5th place overall, while Courage's factory LC70s would fail to finish. Miracle Motorsports and Barazi-Epsilon would both bring their C65s home as well. After 2007 Courage created

714-551: The Le Mans Series. Pescarolo Sport meanwhile would continue to campaign their own heavily modified C60. Pescarolo dominated the LMS LMP1 championship, winning all 5 races, while Swiss Spirit was 4th and Courage's teams 8th and 10th. The new Courage suffered scathing reliability issues with the Mugen engine, which hampered their chances of taking an overall win despite being a competitive car. In LMP2, Courage's customer C65s would also claim

756-494: The Mont-Dore. However, in 1977, Yves Courage moved to sports car racing, participating in his first 24 Hours of Le Mans . In 1981, along with Jean-Philippe Grand, Courage's Lola -BMW managed to finish the race and take victory in the under 2-liter sport class. With this success, Courage decided to found his own company and began building prototype chassis with which he could compete at Le Mans. On this premise, Courage Compétition

798-571: The Nissan VRH35Z 3.5L Turbo V8, similar to the one from the R390 GT1. However both Nissan cars failed to finish while the Porsche cars succeeded. For 1999, Nissan would continue their involvement with Courage. Nissan would purchase a Courage C52 chassis for their own team to run alongside their own R391 prototype, while Courage would continue to use and develop the Nissan powerplants in their own car. At

840-514: The United States being the first to receive customer C65s. Eventually ten C65 chassis would be built, making it the largest manufacturer in LMP2 at the time. Courage would return to concentrating on the C60, now upgraded to a "hybrid" prototype in 2005. The team would manage 8th place overall, while Pescarolo's heavily modified C60 would finish 2nd overall. In 2006, Courage Compétition as a team became

882-430: The departed Nissan. At the same time, Pescarolo Sport would upgrade their Courage C52 with a new Peugeot turbocharged powerplant. Pescarolo's older chassis would manage a 4th-place finish at Le Mans, while Courage's own chassis failed to finish towards the end of the race. For 2001, Pescarolo would upgrade not only to the C60, but would purchase two of the chassis. One of the new cars would finish 13th overall, while

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924-628: The end of World War II, technical colleges were governed under the College Law of 27 March 1903 専門学校令 ( Semmon gakkō-rei ) , and the Foundation for National Defense Science and Technology Institute 財団法人国防理工学園 ( Zaidanhōjin Kokubō Rikō Gakuen ) (8 December 1942 - 15 August 1945) operated Radio Wave Technology Development Institute (1 February 1944 – 15 August 1945), Radio Science College (18 April 1944 – 15 August 1945). In 1943 Dr. Matsumae opened

966-538: The end of the race, Courage's car had finished 6th, Nissan's car 8th, with Pescarolo Sport 's old Courage-Porsche in 9th. However, with Nissan's R391 failing to finish and being deemed a failure, Nissan decided to drop out of sports car racing and end their involvement with Courage. For 2000, Courage would debut a new state-of-the-art chassis for the LMP1 class, dubbed the C60 . The C60 would use an all new V10 Judd engine to replace

1008-596: The faculty and student of the university, as well as to share university facilities with private companies and regions, aiming to return resources to society. Accreditation Accreditation is the independent, third-party evaluation of a conformity assessment body (such as certification body , inspection body or laboratory) against recognised standards, conveying formal demonstration of its impartiality and competence to carry out specific conformity assessment tasks (such as certification, inspection and testing). Accreditation bodies are established in many economies with

1050-747: The largest in the Oceania region, with the South African National Accreditation System being the largest in Africa. For most of the accreditation schemes, international standards issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) are used. Accreditation processes are used in a wide variety of fields: Many accreditation bodies, such as the UKAS, EIAC, EGAC, PNAC, IAS, NABCB operate according to processes developed by

1092-564: The lead in the #13 Courage C34. In the end though the team would have to settle for 2nd place overall, losing by a single lap to a McLaren F1 GTR . In 1996, Courage's reliability continued as they finished 7th and 13th, but were actually 2nd and 3rd in their Le Mans Prototype (LMP) class. One of the two teams was actually run by Henri Pescarolo , who would begin to develop his own team in association with Courage. The duo continued their success in 1997, taking 4th, 7th, and 16th places overall. However, by 1998, Courage's partnership with Porsche

1134-420: The primary purpose of ensuring that conformity assessment bodies are subject to oversight by an authoritative body. Accreditation bodies, that have been peer evaluated as competent, sign regional and international arrangements to demonstrate their competence. These accreditation bodies then assess and accredit conformity assessment bodies to the relevant standards. An authoritative body that performs accreditation

1176-885: The public. Dr. Matsumae founded the establishing entity of the university, or the Tokai University Educational System , in 1942. The university went through phases under the Japan's old educational systems, and reorganized schools accordingly roughly upon three stages for four times. Foundation for Telecommunications Engineering School 財団法人電気通信工学校 ( Zaidanhōjin Denki Tsūshin Kōgakkō ) (14 October 1937 – 21 September 1944) operated three schools for telecommunications (21 October 1937 – 21 September 1945), which were renamed firstly to Polytechnic School (21 September 1945 – March 1947) then to Tokai Higher Telecommunications Engineering School (March 1947 - March 1965). Before

1218-588: The race. The team entered a Courage - Oreca LC70-YGK numbered 22 in the LMP1 class. It completed 185 laps (just under half that of the race winner), retiring due to a gearbox problem, and was not classified. It has been confirmed that they will race in the Asian Le Mans Series in November 2009. The team raced at the 2010 1000 km of Zhuhai and will race again at the 2011 6 Hours of Zhuhai , both races are part of

1260-476: The same year, Courage participated in a partial season of the World Sportscar Championship , managing 8th in the teams championship with their Cougar C20 and Porsche 962 . Following this success, and believing that his chassis and team were capable of succeeding at Le Mans, Yves Courage officially retired from driving in order to concentrate on running the factory. Unfortunately for 1988, the team

1302-404: The second failed to finish. Courage's own Judd-powered car would also fail to finish. This would continue into 2002, as Pescarolo's one finishing car managed 10th, while Courage's own car would manage 15th. In 2003, the C60 would reach its highest point, as Courage's own car finished 7th, and Pescarolo's cars were 8th and 9th. Later in 2003, Courage would debut another chassis, known as C65, for

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1344-441: The smaller LMP675 (later LMP2) class. This chassis would debut at the 1000km of Le Mans exhibition race and take class victory and 4th overall, behind Pescarolo's 2nd-place finish. At the time, Pescarolo had begun to modify their C60 chassis. By 2004, they had reached the point that they no longer resembled Courage's own C60s. Thus the cars became known as Pescarolo C60s. These modified cars would show great success leading into

1386-424: The sponsorship of Primagaz to help financially, while the chassis would be renamed Cougar instead of Courage, a trend which would continue for many years. However, the team would fail to finish at Le Mans again in 1983 and 1984. For 1985 however, the team announced a deal with Porsche which would bolster their capabilities. For 1985, Yves Courage signed a deal with Porsche to use their engines in replacement for

1428-501: The time attempting to run in the GT classes with their R390 GT1 , were looking to develop an open cockpit prototype for 1999. In order to assist them in the project, Nissan turned to Courage Compétition to help them not only develop a chassis, but also to use their Nissan motor in order to help Nissan gain much needed testing and mileage. Thus in 1998, alongside two Porsche-powered Courages, two Nissan-powered Courages were also entered. Both used

1470-621: The total student enrollment for both undergraduate and graduate is approximately 30,000 including 775 international students as of 2017. There are 1,653 faculty members with the ratio of students per a faculty member below 30. As Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology has been encouraging joint ventures among the industry sector, academia and government functions, between 1994 and 2004, Tokai University applied 519 patents compared to Nihon University (390), Waseda University (358), Tokyo Institute of Technology (338) and 324 cases for Nagoya University. By 2004, Tokyo University as

1512-403: The two teams continued to aid one another in development. On September 14, 2007, Oreca announced their plans to purchase Courage Compétition. Yves Courage will remain with the company, while Oreca will use Courage's engineering expertise to develop an all new Le Mans Prototype . These are the designations of the chassis that Courage Compétition has built since its inception. The date listed

1554-569: Was founded with the construction of the Courage C01 prototype in 1982. Debuting at the 1982 24 Hours of Le Mans , Courage's first C01 chassis participated in the also new Group C class using a Ford Cosworth DFL V8. Unfortunately the car managed to last a mere 78 laps before it was forced to retire. Courage would continue on in the following years with the C01 and its follow-up, the C02. The team also earned

1596-799: Was no longer legal in WSC. However, at Le Mans the C3-class Courage C28LM took class victory and finished 6th overall. This car was driven by Porsche factory driver Henri Pescarolo who would form a relationship with Courage in the later years. With the demise of the World Sportscar Championship in 1993, Courage would return again to the C2 class and take both 10th and 11th-place finishes at Le Mans (5th and 6th in class), and then followed by another 7th-place finish in 1994. In 1995, Courage mounted its best challenge yet, with drivers Bob Wollek , Éric Hélary , and Mario Andretti challenging for

1638-450: Was not able to follow up on its success, failing to finish any of its three entries at Le Mans and only managing to score points in a single World Sportscar Championship round. This was quickly reversed for 1989 as the team managed to win the C2 class at Le Mans with a 14th-place finish, and take 11th place in the World Sportscar Championship by scoring points in over half of the races that season. The next year, Courage would switch back to

1680-550: Was over a decade old, as was the design of the engines that Courage was using. Courage's last outing with the Porsche powerplants showed the lack of pace as the team managed to finish only 15th and 16th against newer Porsche , Ferrari , Nissan , and Toyota prototypes. Henri Pescarolo would keep the Porsche-powered Courages alive into 1999 when he raced an older chassis for his newly founded team and would achieve an unlikely 9th-place finish. Nissan Motorsport , at

1722-852: Was reformed in March 1947, when colleges and universities regulated under the former law of education were reformed to four-years-system educational institutions. The Tokai University Educational System is one of the largest general education and research institutions in Japan. Today, Tokai University holds its headquarters in Yoyogi , Tokyo , with eight campuses all over Japan at Sapporo , Takanawa and Yoyogi in Tokyo, Hiratsuka and Isehara in Kanagawa , Shizuoka , with Kumamoto and Aso in Kumamoto ; 21 schools and faculties make up approximately 80 departments, majors, and programs. With its graduate school offering 21 courses,

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1764-524: Was renamed to Tokai Science College (20 October 1945 – March 1950). Before the Shinsei daigaku system went into effect in 1947, the Foundation was reformed to Tokai University Foundation (1 May 1946 – 7 March 1951) under former Education Law of 6 December 1918, which operated former Tokai University (1 May 1946 – 1 April 1950) where students finished university education in three years. School systems in Japan

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