Dobang (都房), also written as Tobang, was a Goryeo Dynasty private military unit that originated as the personal body guard for Kyong Tae-sung . After the military revolt of the generals in 1170 during the reign of King Uijong of Goryeo , a series of generals culminating in the Ch'oe military dictators, held the real power in Goryeo . In their first year, General Yi Ko was murdered by General Yi Ui-bang who subsequently died at the hands of Chŏng Kyun (정균).
24-452: Chŏng's father, Chŏng Chung-bu next held sway for several years until he was overthrown by Kyong Tae-sung . Kyong Tae-sung was the next to last general to seize power before the Choe family gained and consolidated military control for a longer period of time. Noting the great personal risk that had plagued the previous generals, Kyong Tae-sung organized a personal bodyguard of 100 troops, known as
48-435: A candle, and made fun of him and also mocked the whole military. The incident caused Chŏng to have a strong animosity toward aristocrats and civilian officials. In 1170, King Uijong went to his royal villa to rest and to hold another feast, and he also held a martial arts competition. A young soldier won the event, and was praised by the king. Then, many of king's advisers to the court and eunuchs forced General Yi So-ŭng , who
72-461: A son, only for a while. In 1173, a surviving civilian official Kim Po-dang rebelled in northeastern border, trying to restore the civilian order under deposed King Uijong. Yi Ŭi-bang decided to assassinate Uijong; and after he killed the ex-king, Yi put down the rebellion, which put Yi on the peak of the power. Then Yi began to oppress Buddhism and Confucianism , executed many civilian administrators and scholars, raped royal family members and forced
96-403: A warrior government. The King of Goryeo , Uijong was soon disposed and the new warrior-class ministers set up a puppet king Myeongjong . Yi was named as one of the key figures in the new regime with the title of High Merit Minister ( Hanja : 壁上功臣 ) and given special privileges along with the other ministers. When Yi Ko tried to plot a coup and get hold of a dictatorship in 1171, Yi, under
120-565: The Crown Prince to marry his daughter. His despotic reign caused the grief of many people, and finally in 1174, a chain of rebellion that lasted for 50 years began in Pyongyang by Cho Wi-chong . Yi Ŭi-bang sent massive troops to put down the rebellion. General Chŏng, who promoted himself as Prime Minister, decided to put an end to Yi's reign of terror. He ordered his son, Chŏng Kyun , and his son-in-law, General Song Yu-in , to kill Yi Ŭi-bang. Yi
144-506: The Dobang, which attended him at all times. The Dobang disbanded upon Kyong Tae-sung's death but was reconstituted by Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn shortly after he came to power. Ch'oe expanded the Dobang and divided it into six units (Yuk-beon 육번) which became known as the Yuk-beon Dobang (육번도방) This enabled a regular rotation of the guards. When Ch'oe U came to power, his private army became known as
168-560: The Inner Dobang (Nae Dobang, 내도방) and the Outer Tobang (Woe Dobang, 외도방). This Korean history -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ch%C5%8Fng Chung-bu Chŏng Chung-bu ( Korean : 정중부 ; Hanja : 鄭仲夫 ; 1106 – 18 October 1179) was a medieval Korean soldier and military dictator during the Goryeo period (918–1392). He
192-422: The anger of Generals Ch'oe Chil and Kim Hun to attempt a failed military rebellion; and later the government even closed the military academy. The grief of army officers became greater and greater as the treatment and view toward them got harsher. In 1167, during the royal banquet of King Uijong , Kim Ton-jung , son of powerful aristocrat Kim Pu-sik (author of Samguk sagi ), burned Chŏng's long beard with
216-438: The civilian rule made many side-effects as time passed on; the military generals was seen as servants, or even slaves of the civilian officials, and treated as slaves by many government officials and advisers to the king. In 998, King Mokjong put military under civilian command, causing the coup d'état of General Kang Cho . In 1014, military officers were not paid because the government had to pay civilian officials first, causing
240-567: The former king, preventing any further restoration attempts. With this merit, he was further promoted to Commander of Land Troops. During his co-governance with Chŏng, Yi also faced a series of Buddhist Monk uprisings from different shrines around the nation. As Goryeo was officially a Buddhist nation since Wang Kŏn 's unification of Korea, the Buddhists had great influence upon the government and most Goryeo kings appointed official Buddhist Great Monk advisors to assist in national administration. Due to
264-486: The increasing Buddhist uprisings, Yi himself commanded his forces to put down these rebellions and raid Buddhist shrines. With his powerful forces, he swept the nation and raided and pillaged these shrines. At this time, Cho Wi-ch'ong ( 조위총 ; 趙位寵 ), a general of the North-Western border attempted to start a rebellion. Yi responded by murdering favorers of this rebellion such as Yun In-mi ( 윤인미 ; 尹仁美 ), who
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#1732845339970288-451: The king and his advisers. Almost all of advisers, including Kim Don-jung and Han Noe, were killed and King Uijong was overthrown. Chŏng then set up a puppet king, King Myeongjong , beginning the 100-year military rule of Korea. However, after the coup d'état in 1170, the leaders of the revolution began to feud with each other. Generals Yi Ko and Chae Won were killed by General Yi Ŭi-bang for treason . Then Yi visited Chŏng, who adopted him as
312-404: The long grievances of military to explode; young soldiers, notably Colonels Yi Ŭi-bang , Yi Ko and Chae Won , urged Chŏng to launch a coup d'état against the entire government and the king, who favored civilian officials over army. Chŏng first ignored their opinion but later agreed to revolt against the government. With his order, in the name of commander-in-chief, the whole army rebelled against
336-451: The military and rose in ranks, becoming a minister in the scholar dominated government. In August 1170 ( Uijong 24th year), he joined the Goryeo warrior rebellion, which occurred in defiance against the typically minister ruled Korea. Primary leaders of this rebellion was Chŏng Chung-bu and Yi Ko who found that warrior-class treatment was truly unfair and planned a coup d'état to establish
360-429: The orders of Chŏng Chung-bu purged and murdered Yi Ko. With Chong, Yi increased the size and power of the military and attracted military-class administrators to the regime and appointed these men to national offices which were previously reserved for scholar-class ministers. In 1173, when a scholar-class minister Kim Po-dang ( 김보당 ; 金甫當 ) attempted to restore disposed king Uijong to the throne, Yi decisively slew
384-474: The reigning family; even Chŏng's servants and slaves took bribes from politicians and brawled with some of them on the street. Politics drifted toward iniquity, and many people thought another coup d'état was necessary to put an end on Chŏng's unjust rule. In the end, General Kyŏng Tae-sŭng , the youngest general of Goryeo army, revolted against Chŏng in October 1179, murdering Chŏng Kyun and Song Yu-in. Chŏng Chung-bu
408-401: The royal family. However, soon enough, Chŏng Chung-bu was also murdered and the young and righteous dictator Kyŏng Tae-sŭng took power. General Yi Ŭi-bang's main legacy remains in the balance that was achieved through the purging of scholars during his co-governance with Chong. Before the arrival of Yi, the scholar class had more influence in the government to the extent that the warrior-class
432-444: The uprising, Mang brothers revolted again. They were executed in 1177, ending the rebellion; but many other impoverished people continued to revolt against the government. With the law and order crumbling over the whole nation, Chŏng decided not to retire from politics even though he was at his late 70's. His son Chŏng Kyun, backed by his powerful father, accepted bribes from many officials who tried to gain more power and support from
456-470: Was a career soldier, qualified on military part of civil service examination . He was most noted for leading a coup d'état in 1170 ( Revolt of military officers ), dethroning the king and beginning of 100-year military reign in Korea. Chŏng was born in 1106; he learned martial arts and military tactics in his early days. He was often reported to be 7-foot-tall giant with great confidence and intelligence. He
480-426: Was a diligent soldier, and his loyalty earned him the trust from the king. He went through a slow promotion and later became Chief of General Staff. At the time he became a soldier, Goryeo enacted a policy that put the civilian power over military. The policy benefited the dynasty well during its early days, and many civilian officials were also able military commanders, such as Kang Kam-ch'an and Yun Kwan . However,
504-475: Was arrested for corruption and treason, and executed in public few days later. Yi %C5%ACi-bang Yi Ŭi-bang ( Korean : 이의방 ; Hanja : 李義方 ; 1121 – 12 January 1175) was a military ruler of Korea during the Goryeo period. He was one of many military dictators of Goryeo in the aftermath of the 1170 warrior rebellion. Yi originated from the Jeonju Yi clan . He subsequently joined
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#1732845339970528-437: Was at his late fifties, to face the champion, who was about 20. The old general, of course, was not able to fight the young champion and fell down to the ground. Then, a young civilian official named Han Roe , insulted the general and even slapped him across his face in front of the king and many fellow soldiers. General Chŏng, who could not stand the advisers' attitude anymore, knocked Han out and insulted him. The incident caused
552-460: Was finally murdered by Chŏng Kyun, and the power passed to Chŏng Chung-bu. Chŏng continued to fight against rebels in Pyongyang; however, slaves and people of lowest class of present-day Gongju rebelled against the government. Chŏng managed to crush the uprising of Jo, and entered negotiation with outcast rebellion leaders Mangyi and Mangsoyi , but as the official army continued its campaign against
576-535: Was of Seogyung birth. Due to this action, Yi lost support and favors from the people, and when he attempted to put down this rebellion, he failed. Yi, attempting to put down Chŏng and gain more power, tried to appoint his daughter as Royal Princess consort , an action which did not fulfill his objective but instead further endangered Yi's political situation. Due to this action, the 2nd Jo Invasion force, led by Chŏng Chung-bu's son Chŏng Kyun subsequently murdered Yi Ŭi-bang and his supporters and removed his daughter from
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